英语B级考试试题答案

英语B级考试试题答案英语B级考试试题答案英语B级考试试题答案资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月英语B级考试试题答案版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：2011年英语B级考试试卷答案一、单项选择题（说明：这是我同学给的）1Howcanwereducetheriskofcancer?AcutinBcutdownCcutoffDcutout2Thesteadilyrisingcostoflaboronthewaterfronthasgreatlyincreasedthecostofshippingcargobywater.AcontinuouslyBquicklyCexcessivelyDexceptionally3Duringthepasttenyearstherehavebeendramaticchangesintheinternationalsituation.ApermanentBpowerfulCstrikingDpractical4Themostcrucialproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarceresources.ApuzzlingBdifficultCterrifyingDurgent5Hisnewgirlfriendhadomittedtotellhimthatshewasmarried.AfailedBdeletedCrefusedDrejected6Thesubstancecanbeaddedtogasolinetoacceleratethespeedofautomobiles.AquickenBshortenCloosenDenlarge7Weshouldnevercontentourselveswithalittleknowledgeonly.AconvinceBsatisfyCcomfortDbenefit8Weshouldcontemplatedtheproblemfromallsides.AdeliberatedBthoughtCdescribedDdesigned9Hishealthhaddeterioratedwhilehewasinprison.AbecamebetterBbecameworseCbecamestrongerDbecameweaker10Ifyouwantmyadvice,youshouldreviseyourplanforthetriptoBeijingAchangeBexchangeCenlargeDencourage11Smokingisinhibitedinpublicplaces.AinstructedBinquiredCforbiddenDstrivedissaidtobesufferingfromterminalcancerandhasaskedforeuthanasia(安乐死)AacuteBchronicCfinalDfatal13Ifeltimpelledtotellthetruth.ApromotedBinducedCcompelledDimproved14Itsprudenttotakeathickcoatincoldweatherwhenyougoout.AcontroversialBreasonableCsensibleDsensitive15Areyoupositivethatthere’sbeennomistake?ArationalBreasonableCcertainDbound二、阅读判断。阅读判断。AnObservationandanExplanationItisworthlookingatoneortwoaspectsofthewayamotherbehavestowardsherbaby.Theusualfondling,cuddlingandcleaningrequirelittlecomment,butthepositioninwhichsheholdsthebabyagainstherbodywhenrestingisratherrevealing.Carefulstudieshaveshownthefactthat80percentofmothersholdtheirinfantsintheirleftarms,holdingthemagainsttheleftsideoftheirbodies.Ifaskedtoexplainthesignificanceofthispreferencemostpeoplereplythatitisobviouslytheresultofthepredominanceofright-handednessinthepopulation.Byholdingthebabiesintheirleftarms,themotherskeeptheirdominantarmfreeformanipulations.ButadetailedanalysisshowsthatthisisnotthecasETrue,thereisaslightdifferencebetweenright-handedandleft-handedfemales。butnotenoughtoprovideadequateexplanation.Itemergesthat83percentofright-handedmothersholdthebabyontheleftside,butsodo78percentofleft-handedmothers.Inotherwords,only22percentoftheleft-handedmothershavetheirdominanthandsfreeforactions.Clearlytheremustbesomeother,lessobviousexplanation.Theonlyothercluecomesfromthefactthattheheartisonthesideofthemother’sbody.CoulditbethatthesoundofherheartbeatisthevitalfactorAndinwhatwayThinkingalongtheselinesitwasarguedthatperhapsduringitsexistenceinsidethebodyofthemothertheunbornbabygetusedtothesoundoftheheartbeat.Ifthisisso,thenthere-discoveryofthisfamiliarsoundafterbirthmighthaveaclaimingeffectontheinfant,especiallyasithasjustbeenbornintoastrangeandfrighteninglynewworlDifthisissothenthemotherwould,somehow,soonarriveatthediscoverythatherbabyismoreatpeaceifheldontheleftagainstherheartthanontheright.16Wecanlearnalotbyobservingthepositioninwhichamotherholdsherbabyagainstherbody.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned17Mostleft-handedwomenfeelcomfortablebyholdingtheirbabiesintheirleftarmandkeeptherightarmfree.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned18Thenumberofright-handedmotherswhoholdthebabyontheleftsideexceedsthatofleft-handedonesby22%.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Thefactthatmostleft-handedmothersholdthebabyontheirleftsiderendersthefirstexplanationunsustainable.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20Thefactthattheheartisontheleftsideofthemothersbodyprovidesthemostconvincingexplanationofall.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned21Ababyheldintherightarmofitsmothercanbeeasilyfrightened.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned22Thewritersexplanationofthephenomenonissupportedbythefactthatbabiestendtobemorepeacefulifheldintheirmothersleftarmsthanintherightarms.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned三、概括大意与完成句子。概括大意与完成句子。CaringfortheoldTheolddonothavetolookexclusivelytothepast.Relievedofsomeoflife’sresponsibilitiesandfortifiedbymanyyearsofexperienceandknowledge,theymayhaveamuchbetterideaofhowtospendtheirtimeenjoyablythantheydidintheiryouth.Andnotallenjoymentisrestrictedtothementalorphilosophical.Healthyphysicalactivityremainsquitepossibleformostofuswellintoourlateryears.Oldpeoplesometimesdisplaysurprisingfreedomandforthrightnessintheexpressionoftheirthoughtsandfeelings,andanabilitytotransmitaffection.Itisasthoughsomeoftheritualswhichconstrictusinearlierlifefallaway.Butahigherpercentageofpeoplesufferfromemotionaldistressinoldagethanatanyothertimeinadultlife,andthegapbetweenneedandcareisoftenfilledbydubiousmeasures,suchasheavy-handedprescriptionofmedicinEFormanyyearsitwasassumedthatoldpeoplewerenotappropriatecandidatesforpsychotherapy.Butafewclinicianshaverisentothechallengeanddiscoveredthatindividualandgrouppsychotherapyisjustaseffectivewiththeoldaswiththeyoung.Itiseasytounderstandwhyanearthquakecausesterror.Yetinoldagetheremaybeterrorofaveryprivatenature,asenseofdisintegrationsometimesstemmingfrominnerconflicts,sometimesfromapremonitionofdeathorthefearofbecomingdependent.Dependencyisagrimchoice:insecurityanddeprivationmustbeweighedagainstlossofautonomyandintegrity.Butifthereisnothingshamefulaboutthedependencyofababyorayoungchild,thereshouldbenothingshamefulaboutthedependenciesnaturalwitholdageanddiminishingphysicalresources.Thecomplexityandimpersonalityofthebureaucraticestablishments,whichhavethemeanstoprovidehelp,areoftenthreateningtooldpeoplETheyoungergenerationtoday,ontheotherhand,willhavehadmanydecadestointeractwith"thesystem"bythetimetheyreacholdage.Manyofus,includinghealthcareproviders,assumethatweknowwhatoldpeopleanddyingpeoplewant,butourassumptionsareoftenareflectionsofourwonthoughtsandfeelingsbasedonpersonalinterpretationsofscantybitsofobservation.Suchassumptionsarereallyanexcusetoavoidclosecontactwiththeterminallyill.Assumingwe"know"whattheywant,weobserveourselvesfrombeingwiththem,andsharingtheirthoughtsabouttheendoflife.Wesometimesassume,wrongly,thatoldpeoplearetooconfusedorseniletobeawareofthenearnessofdeath.Inconsequence,communicationbetweenadyingandothersissubjecttoextraordinaryomissionsanddistortions."Protecting"thedyingfromknowledgeoftheirconditionoftenservestoprotectusfromtheuncomfortableprospectoftalkingaboutdyinganddeath.Evasionslikethisonlyleadtoincreasingisolationatatimewhenemotionalhonestyandunderstandingaremostneeded.23paragraph124paragraph225paragraph326paragraph5AKnowingbetterhowtoenjoylifeBFreedominexpressionCPsychotherapyeffectivewithsomeoftheoldDPeriodofgreateremotionaldistressEDependency:agrimchoiceFGuiltiness:dependency27Oldpeoplemaywellbeactivein28Oldpeoplesometimesknowbetter29Itisanaturalthing30Weoftenthinkthatweknowthefeelingofadyingperson,AhowtoshowlovetoothersBhowtoshowangertoothersCyetweknowwearewrongDvariouskindsofsportsEbutweareoftenwrongFthatoldpeopledependonothers四、阅读理解第一篇AGay(n.同性恋Biologist(n.生物学家同性恋)生物学家)MolecularbiologistDeanHammerhasblueeyes,lightbrownhairandagoodsenseofhumor.Hesmokescigarettes,spendslonghoursinanoldlaboratoryattheUSNationalInstituteofHealth,andinhisfreetimeclimbsupcliffsandpointshisskisdownsteepslopes.Healsohappenstobeopenly,matter-of-factlygay.WhatisitthatmakesHammerwhoheisWhat,forthatmatter,accountsforthetalentsandtraitsthatmakeupanyone’spersonalityHammerisnotcontentmerelytoasksuchquestions。heistryingtoanswerthemaswell.Apioneerinthefieldofmolecularpsychology,Hammerisexploringtherolegenesplayingoverningtheverycoreofourindividuality.Toaremarkableextent,hisworkonwhatmightbecalledthegay,thrill-seekingandquit-smokinggenesreflectshowowngeneticpredispositions.Thatwork,whichhasappearedmostlyinscientificjournals,hasbeengatheredintoanaccessibleandquitereadableforminHammer’screativenewbook,LivingwithOurGenes.“youhaveaboutasmuchchoiceinsomeaspectofyourpersonality.”Hamerandco-authorPeterCopelandwriteintheintroductorychapter,“asyoudointheshapeofyournoseorthesizeofyourfeet.”Untilrecently,researchintobehavioralgeneticswasdominatedbypsychiatristsandpsychologists,whobasedtheirmostcompellingconclusionsabouttheimportanceofgenesonstudiesofidenticaltwins.Forexample,psychologistMichaelBaileyofNorthwesternUniversityfamouslydemonstratedthatifoneidenticaltwinisgay,thereisabouta50%likelihoodthattheotherwillbetoo.Sevenyearsago,Hamerpickedupwherethetwinstudiesleftoff,hominginonspecificstripsofDNAthatappeartoinfluenceeverythingfrommoodtosexualorientation.Hamerswitchedtobehavioralgeneticsfrombasicresearch,afterreceivinghisdoctoratefromHarvard,hespentmorethanadecadestudyingthebiochemistryofaproteinthatcellsusetometabolizeheavymetalslikecopperandzinc.Ashewasabouttoturn40,however,Hamersuddenlyrealizedhehadlearnedasmuchabouttheproteinashecaredto.“Frankly,Iwasbored,”heremembers,“andreadyforsomethingnew.”Homosexualbehavior,inparticular,seemedripeforexplorationbecausefewscientistshaddaredtacklesuchanemotionallyandpoliticallychargedsubject.“Imgay,”Hamersayswithashrug,“butthatwasnotamajormotivation.Itwasmoreofaquestionofintellectualcuriosity—andthefactthatnooneelsewasdoingthissortofresearch”31ThefirstparagraphdescribesHamer’sAlooks,hobbiesandcharacter.Bviewpointonhomosexuality.Cuniquelife-style.Dscientificresearchwork.32HamerwasaApsychiatrist.Bphysiologist.Cchemist.Dbiologist.33WhatisHamerdoingnow?AHeisexploringtheroleofgenesindecidingone’sintelligence.BHeisexploringtheroleofgenesindecidingone’spersonality.CHeiswritingabookentitled“LivewithOurGenes.”DHeistryingtoanswersomequestionsonatestpaper.34WhathappenedtoHamer’sresearchinterest?AHeturnedtobasicresearch.BHestickedtobasicresearch.CHeturnedtobehavioralgenetics.DHestickedtobehavioralgenetics.35AccordingtoHamer,whatwasoneofthemainreasonsforhimtochoosehomosexualbehaviorashisresearchsubject?AHeisagayandhewantstocurehimself.BHewascuriousaboutitasascientist.CHewascuriousaboutitlikeeveryoneelse.DItisasubjectthatcanleadtopoliticalsuccess.第二篇SilentandDeadlyTransientischemicattacks(TIAS),ormini-strokes,resultfromtemporaryinterruptionsofbloodflowtothebrain.Unlikefullstrokes,theypresentsymptomslastinganywherefromafewsecondsto24hours.Rarelydotheycausepermanentneurologicaldamage,buttheyareoftenprecursorsofamajorstroke.“Ourmessageisquiteclear,”saysDr.RobertAdams,professorofneurologyattheMedicalCollegeofGeorgiainAugust.“TIAS，whilelessseverethanstrokesintheshortterm,arequitedangerousandneedaquickdiagnosisandtreatmentaswellasappropriatefollow-uptopreventfutureinjury.”Unfortunately,mini-strokesaregreatlyunderdiagnosed.AstudyconductedfortheNationalStrokeAssociationindicatesthat%ofalladultsaged18orolder(aboutmillionpeopleintheU.S.)haveexperiencedaconfirmedTIA.AnadditionalmillionAmericansovertheageof45,thestudyshowed,havemostlikelysufferedamini-strokewithoutrealizingit.Thesefindingssuggestthatifthepublicknewhowtospotthesymptomsofstroke,especiallymini-strokes,andsoughtpromptmedicaltreatment,thousandsoflivescouldbesavedandmajordisabilitycouldbeavoided.Theproblemisthatthesymptomsofamini-strokeareoftensubtleandpassing.Nonetheless,therearesignsyoucanlookoutfor:*Numbnessorweaknessintheface,armorleg,especiallyononesideofthebody.*Troubleseeinginoneorbotheyes.*Confusionanddifficultyspeakingorunderstanding.*Difficultywalking,dizzinessorlossofcoordination.*Severeheadachewithnoknowncause.Alongwiththesesymptoms,researchershaveidentifiedsomekeyindicatorsthatincreaseyourchancesofhavingafull-blownstrokeafteraTIA:ifyou’reover60,haveexperiencedsymptomslastinglongerthan10minutes,feelweakandhaveahistoryofdiabetes.Aswithmanydiseases,youcanhelpyourselfbychangingyourlifestyle.Thefirstthingsyoushoulddoarequitsmoking,limityourintakeofalcoholtonomorethanadrinkortwoadayandincreaseyourphysicalactivity.Eventhosewhosufferfromhighbloodpressureordiabetescanimprovetheirodds—andminimizecomplicationsiftheydohaveastroke—bykeepingtheirillnessundercontrol.Ifyouexperienceanyofthesymptoms,yourfirstcallshouldbetoyourdoctor.Itcouldbethecallthatsavesyourlife.36WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofmini-strokes?AThecauseofthemremainsunidentified.BTheyseldomcausepermanentneurologicaldamage.CTheysymptomsofthemareoftenpassing.DTheyarenotunrelatedtomajorstrokes.37Topreventmini-strokesfromturningintomajorstrokes,itisimportanttoAsavethousandsoflives.Bavoidmajordisability.Cseekpromptmedicaltreatment.Dpreventfutureinjury.38Thepassageindicatesthatthesymptomsofmini-strokesAarealwayseasytospot.Barefrequentlyhardtorecognize.Cusuallylastacoupleofdays.Dcanbynomeansbeavoided.39Allofthefollowingmaybesignsofmini-strokesEXCEPTforAtroubleseeinginoneeye.Bnumbnessintheface.Clossofcoordination.Dsevereheadachecausedbyexternalinjury.40Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmini-strokesareAmoredangerousthanmajorstrokes.Bsilentanddeadly.Cdifficulttocure.Dsuretoleadtomajorstrokes.第三篇RoadTripVacationsIt’ssummer.IntheUnitedStates,it’stheseasonofswimmingpools,barbeques,campingandroadtrips.Roadtripvacationswherethecarjourneyispartofthefunareespeciallypopularwithcollegestudents,wholiketoexplorethecountryonwheels.Thesebudgettripsareidealforstudentswhooftenhaveplentyoffreetimebutlittlemoney.EversinceIwenttocollege,I’vebeentravelingaroundalot,exploringthecountry,"saidAustinHawkins,a19-year-oldcollegestudentfromNewYork.Thissummer,HawkinsandhisfriendshavespentweekendstravelinginNewEngland.Thebestpartaboutcartrips,saidHawkins,isthatyoucanbespontaneous."Onaroadtrip,ifyougetinterestedinthingsyouseealongthewayyoucanstopandexplore."MattRoberts,a20-year-oldstudentfromOhiowhodrovetoMontreal,Evenwithhighgasprices,drivingwithfriendsischeaperthanflying.Robertspaidabout40dollarsforgas,butaroundtripplaneticketwouldhavecostnearly400dollars.Drivingtripsfirstbecamepopularinthe1920s.Newlypavedroadsandimproved,carsmadeitpossibletotravellongerdistances.Motelsstartedappearingoutsidecities.Bythe1950s,carownershipbecamethenorm.ConstructionoftheUSinterstatehighwaysystembeganin1956andmotelandrestaurantchainspoppedup1everywheremakinglongdistancetripseasier.Today,theUShasthehighestcarownershiprateintheworld.Only8percentofAmericanhomeshavenocar,accordingtothemostrecentUScensus.Thoughmanycollegestudentsdon’townacar,mosthaveaccesstoone.OnmanyofHawkins’trips,theyusedaborrowedvan.Hawkins’mostmemorableroadtriptookplaceoverspringbreak.HeandtwofriendsdrovefromNewYorktoNewOrleanstovolunteer,helpingrebuildthecityafterHurricaneKatrinahititlastJuly.Theycrossedthecountryintwodaysandsleptintheircarinchurchparkinglots.RobertsroadtriptoCanadalastwinterwasevenmoreeventful.UponarrivinginMontreal,theywerelostinablizzardandshiveringinthe-25°cold.Tofindtheirhotel,theyturnedonalaptopanddrovearoundincirclesuntiltheyfoundaspotwithwirelessInternetcoverage."Iknowweshouldhaveplannedbetter,butwe’reyoung.Now,whenIseethoseguysIalwayssay:‘Rememberwhenwewerelostinthesnowstorm!’I’llneverforgetthat."41WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueofAmericancollegestudents?ATheyhavelittlemoney.BTheyliketravelingbybike.CTheyliketoexplorethecountry.DTheyoftenhaveplentyoffreetime.42WhatwillHawkinsdowhenheseessomethinginterestingonaroadtrip?AHewillturnback.BHewilldrivearound.CHewillstoptoexplore.DHewillstopexploring.43Whendidmotelssuddenlyappear?AAftertheworktobuildtheinterstatehighwaysystemstarted.BWhendrivingtripsbecamepopular.CAftermanyroadswerepaved.DAfternewcarsweremade.44WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeHawkins’triptoNewOrlends?AEventful.BColourful.CDelightful.DUnforgettable.45Thewordblizzardinparagraph12canbereplacedbyAsnowstorm.BhurricanECmist.Dfog.五、补全短文。补全短文。LookingtothefutureWhenamagazineforhigh-schoolstudentsaskeditsreaderswhatlifewouldbelikeintwentyyears,theysaid:Machineswouldberunbysolarpower.Buildingswouldrotatesotheycouldfollowthesuntotakemaximumadvantageofitslightandheat.Wallswould“radiatelight”and“changecolorwiththepushofabutton.”foodwouldbereplacedby.Carswouldhaveradar.Doesthissoundliketheyear2000__47__.Thefutureismuchtooimportanttosimplyguessabout,thewaythehighschoolstudentsdid,soexpertsareregularlyaskedtopredictaccurately.__48__.ButcantheyOneexpertoncitieswrote:citiesofthefuturewouldnotbecrowded,butwouldhavespaceforfarmsandfields.Peoplewouldtraveltoworkin“airbuses”,largeall-weatherhelicopterscarryingupto200passengers.Whenapersonlefttheairbusstationhecoulddriveacoin-operatedcarequippedwithradar.Theradarequipmentofcarswouldmaketrafficaccidents“almostunheardof”.DoesthatsoundfamiliarIftheexperthadbeenaccurateitwould,becausehewaswritingin1957.hissubjectwas“Thecityof1982”.Iftheprofessionalssometimessoundlikehigh-schoolstudents,it’sprobablybecausefuturestudyisstillanewfielDButeconomicforecasting,orpredictingwhattheeconomywilldo,hasbeenaroundforalongtimEItshouldbeaccurate,andgenerallyitis.Buttherehavebeensomebigmistakesinthisfield,too.__49__.InOctoberofthatyear,thestockmarkethaditsworstlossesever,ruiningthousandsofinvestorswhohadputtheirfaithinfinancialforeseers.__50__.In1957,.RandoftheRadCorporationwasaskedabouttheyear2000,“Onlyonethingiscertain,”heanswereD“Childrenwillhavereachedtheageof43.”ABycarefullystudyingthepresent,skilledbusinessmenscientists,andpoliticiansaresupposedlyabletofigureoutinadvancewhatwillhappen.BSchoolwouldbetaught“byelectricalimpulsewhilewesleep.”COneforecasterknewthatpredictionsaboutthefuturewouldalwaysbesubjecttosignificanterrors.DInearly1929,mostforecasterssawanexcellentfutureforthestockmarket.EEveryonemaylooktothefutureforitisalwayspromising.FActually,thearticlewaswrittenin1958andthequestionwas,“whatwilllifebelikein1978”六、完型填空。.完型填空。HappyMarriage,HappyHeartHappilymarriedpeoplehavelowerbloodpressure51unhappilymarriedpeopleorsingles,aBrighamYoungOntheotherhand,evenhavingasupportivesocialnetworkdidnottranslateintoabloodpressurebenefitforsinglesorunhappily__52people1,accordingtothestudy."ThereseemtobesomeuniquehealthbenefitsfrommarriagEIt’snotjustbeingmarried53benefitshealth-what’sreallythemostprotectiveofhealthishavingahappy54"studyauthorJulianneHolt-Lunstad,apsychologistwhospecializesinrelationshipsandhealth,saidinapreparedstatement.Thestudyincluded204marriedand9955adultswhoworeportablebloodpressuremonitorsfor24hours.The56recordedbloodpressureatrandomintervalsandprovidedatotalofabout72readings."Wewantedtocaptureparticipants’bloodpressuredoingwhatevertheynormally57ineverydaylifEGettingoneortworeadingsinaclinicisnotreally58ofthefluctuationsthatoccurthroughouttheday,"4Holt-Lunstadsaid.Overall,happilymarriedpeoplescoredfourpoints59onthebloodpressurereadingsthansingleadults.Thestudyalsofoundthatblood60amongmarriedpeople–especiallythoseinhappymarriages61moredurin