考研考博-英语-天津滨海汽车工程职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津滨海汽车工程职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Afterhewaspraisedforwhathehaddone,hesaid,“I______evenbetterunderharderconditions.”

问题1选项

A.woulddo

B.wouldhavedone

C.did

D.haddone

【答案】B

【解析】考查虚拟语气。under引导一个非真实条件句，表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词应该用wouldhavedone，故B项正确。句意：在他的所作所为受到表扬后，他说，“在更艰苦的条件下，我会做得更好。”因此，该题选择B项正确。

2.单选题

Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.One’sphysicalassetsandliabilitiesdon’tcountallthatmuchinamanagerialcareer.Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.

Overthelast30years,socialscientistshaveconductedmorethan1,000studiesofhowwereacttobeautifulandnot-so-beautifulpeople.Thevirtuallyunanimousconclusion:Looksdomatter,morethanmostofusrealize.Thedatasuggest,forexample,thatphysicallyattractiveindividualsaremorelikelytobetreatedwellbytheirparents,soughtoutasfriends,andpursuedromantically.Withthepossibleexceptionofwomenseekingmanagerialjobs,theyarealsomorelikelytobehired,paidwell,andpromoted.

Onceagain,thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpieties（虔诚）whileactingjustthecontrary.Theirtypicalexperimentworkssomethinglikethis.Theygiveeachmemberofagroup-collegestudents,orteachersorcorporatepersonnelmangers—apieceofpaperrelatinganindividual’saccomplishments.Attachedtothepaperisaphotograph.Whilethepapersallsayexactlythesamethingthepicturesaredifferent.Someshowastrikinglyattractiveperson,someanaverage-lookingcharacter,andsomeanunusuallyunattractivehumanbeing.Groupmembersareaskedtoratetheindividualoncertainattributes,anythingfrompersonalwarmthtothelikelihoodthatheorshewillbepromoted.

Almostinvariably,thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.Inthephrase,borrowedfromSappho,thatthesocialscientistsusetosumupthecommonperception,whatisbeautifulisgood.

Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.AUtahStateUniversityprofessor,whoisanauthorityonthesubject,explains:Intermsoftheircareers,theimpactofphysicalattractivenessonmalesisonlymodest.Butitspotentialimpactonfemalescanbetremendous,makingiteasier,forexample,forthemoreattractivetogetjobswheretheyareinthepubliceye.Onanothernote,though,thereisenoughliteraturenowforustoconcludethatattractivewomenwhoaspire（追求）tomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.

1.Accordingtothepassage,peopleoftenwronglybelievethatinpursuingacareerasamanager_______.

2.Theresultofresearchcarriedoutbysocialscientistsshowthat______.

3.Experimentsbyscientistshaveshownthatwhenpeopleevaluateindividualsoncertainattributes________.

4.“Goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen”（Line1，Para.5）meansthat______.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatinthebusinessworld______.

问题1选项

A.aperson’spropertyordebtsdonotmattermuch

B.aperson’soutwardappearanceisnotacriticalqualification

C.womenshouldalwaysdressfashionably

D.womenshouldnotonlybeattractivebutalsohigh-minded

问题2选项

A.peopledonotrealizetheimportanceoflookingone’sbest

B.womeninpursuitofmanagerialjobsarenotlikelytobepaidwell

C.good-lookingwomenaspiretomanagerialpositions

D.attractivepeoplegenerallyhaveanadvantageoverthosewhoarenot

问题3选项

A.theyobservetheprinciplethatbeautyisonlyskin-deep

B.theydonotusuallyactaccordingtotheviewstheysupport

C.theygiveordinary-lookingpersonsthelowestratings

D.theytendtobasetheirjudgmentontheindividual’saccomplishments

问题4选项

A.attractivewomenhavetremendouspotentialimpactonpublicjobs

B.good-lookingwomenalwaysgetthebestofeverything

C.beingattractiveisnotalwaysanadvantageforwomen

D.attractivewomendonotdoaswellasunattractivewomeninmanagerialpositions

问题5选项

A.handsomemenarenotaffectedasmuchbytheirlooksasattractivewomenare

B.physicallyattractivewomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallydoquitewell

C.physicallyattractivemenandwomenwhoareinthepubliceyeusuallygetalongquitewell

D.goodlooksareimportantforwomenastheyareformen

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Afewcommonmisconceptions:Beautyisonlyskin-deep.”，可知很多人误解地认为美是肤浅的。后一句“Awomanshouldalwaystrytolookherbest.”，说明女性应该让自己看起来最好才是作者想要表达的正确观点。选项B符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章第四段，“…thebetterlookingthepersoninthepicture,thehigherthepersonisrated.”，照片上的人越漂亮，评价就越高，说明外貌是一个优势。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据第三段，“thescientistshavecaughtusmouthingpietieswhileactingjustthecontrary.”，说明我们嘴上说着虔诚的话，但是实际行动却是相反的，也就是不会根据自己支持的观点行事。选项B符合题意。

4.语义题。根据文章第五段，“…womenwhoaspiretomanagerialpositionsdonotgetonaswellaswomenwhomaybelessattractive.”说明有足够的研究表明外表有吸引力的女性不如外表没有吸引力的女性工作那么出色。所以外表并不总是能带来优势。选项C符合题意。

5.推断题。根据文章最后一段，“Inbusiness,however,goodlookscutbothwaysforwomen,anddeeperthanformen.”，说明在事业中，外貌的吸引力对女性的影响大于男性。选项A符合题意。

3.写作题

Directions:Answerthefollowingquestionwithnolessthan50words.RemembertowriteyouranswerclearlyontheANSWERSHEET.（5%）

WhoisConfucius（孔子）？

【答案】略

4.单选题

AfricaandSouthAmericanaremovingawayfromeachotherasnewmaterialis（）intothefloorbetweenthem.

问题1选项

A.dejected

B.ejected

C.injected

D.projected

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项deject“使……沮丧；使……灰心”；B选项eject“喷射；驱逐，逐出”；C选项inject“注入；注射”；D选项project“计划；发射；放映”。句意：随着新材料被注入到非洲和南美之间的地板上，它们正在相互远离，因此C选项正确。

5.单选题

Mintisanherbthatiswellknownforthearomaticoildistilledfromallpartsoftheplant.

问题1选项

A.valuable

B.fragrant

C.medicinal

D.flavorful

【答案】B

【解析】句意：薄荷是一种药草，因其各个部位可蒸馏芳香油而闻名。aromatic意为芳香的。valuable有价值的，贵重的；fragrant芬芳的，芳香的；medicinal药用的；有益的；flavorful可口的，充满……味道的。选项B与之意思最为相近。

6.翻译题

1.从科学和艺术的区别看,管理应该更像艺术。管理心理学者发现,一个人的管理能力同他年轻时负面的生活经历有正相关。正是根据上述对管理的认识,可以得出这样的结论,MBA的文凭不是管理者的执业证书,拿到MBA证书的人必须与学工程、法律、电脑的人,以及第一线的工段长们竞争管理者的职位。

2.按时喝一杯香味浓郁的热咖啡会帮助女性变得更勇敢,聪明,做出更自信的决定,重要的是会胜过男同事,来自英国的心理生理学家证实,咖啡对女性和男性在压力状况下的作用是完全不同的。喝了咖啡的男人出汗,争吵,把工作一个接一个搞砸。但是喝了咖啡的女人却神采奕奕地从这些困境中解脱出来。

3.此时工作人员必须做好三件事情。首先,确认反应堆里的燃料依然处于冷却状态,以防止燃料进一步受损。保持燃料冷却需要随时将其置于水中。第二是反应堆系统压力要在警戒线以下。第三,由于反应器内部的蒸汽会和燃料包壳发生反应,产生氢气,所以要确保疏通氢气,以免氢气聚集引发再发爆炸。

ChooseONLYONEtextformthefollowingandtranslateitintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheAnswerSheetprovidedifmorethanONEtranslationappearsontheAnswerSheet,onlythefirstortheindicatedonewouldbescored

【答案】1.Intermsofthedifferencesbetweenscienceandart,managementshouldbemorelikeanart.Themanagementpsychologistsdiscoverthataperson’smanagementcapacityhasapositiverelationshipwithhisnegativelifeexperienceofyouthtime.Accordingtotheacknowledgmentofmanagementabove,wecandrawaconclusionthatadiplomaofMBAisnotthepracticingcertificateofamanager,andpeoplewhoobtainthecertificateofMBAmustcompeteforthemanagerialpositionswithengineers,lawyers,computertechniciansandfront-linesectionchiefs.

2.Drinkingacupoffragranthotcoffeeregularlycanhelpfemalestobecomebraver,smarter,andmakemoreconfidentdecisions.Thekeypointisthatitcanhelpfemalestosurpassmalecolleagues.Britishphysiologicalpsychologistconfirmthatcoffeehascompletelydifferentaffectsonwomenandmenunderpressure.Menwhodrinkcoffeesweat,argueandmessupjobsoneafteranotherwhilewomencangetoutofdilemmaswitharadiantlook.

3.Theoperatorsmustdothreethingswellatthispoint.First,makesurethatthefuelinthereactorremainscooltopreventanyfurtherdamagetothefuel.Andthatrequiresplacingthefuelinwateratalltimes.Thesecondthingtheyhavetodoistoensurethatpressureofthereactorsystemshouldbebelowtheriskinglevels.Thethirdthingtheyhavetodoistoensurethatthehydrogen,whichwillbeproducedbecauseofthereactionsbetweenthesteaminthereactorandthefuelcladding,doesn’taccumulatetoavoidanotherexplosion.

7.单选题

Women’smindsworkdifferentlyfrommen’s.Atleast,thatiswhatmostmenareconvincedof.Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.Nowthebiologistshavemovedintothisminefield,andsomeofthemhavefoundthattherearerealdifferencesbetweenthebrainsofmenandwomen.Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.

Thereis,however,adefinite-structuralvariationbetweenthemaleandfemalebrain.Thedifferenceisinapartofthebrainthatisusedinthemostcomplexintellectualprocesses—thelinkbetweenthetwohalvesofthebrain.

Thetwohalvesarelinkedbyatrunklineofbetween200and300millionnerves,thecorpuscallosum.Scientistshavefoundquiterecentlythatthecorpuscallosuminwomenisalwayslargerandprobablyricherinnervefibersthanitisinmen.Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.Thequestionis“What?”，and,ifthisdifferenceexists,arethereothers?Researchshowsthatpresent-daywomenthinkdifferentlyandbehavedifferentlyfrommen.Aresomeofthesedifferencesbiologicalandinborn,aresultofevolution?Wetendtothinkthatitistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.Butcouldwebewrong?

Researchshowedthatthesetwohalvesofthebrainhaddifferentfunctions,andthatthecorpuscallosumenabledthemtoworktogether.Formostpeople,thelefthalfisusedforword-handling,analyticalandlogicalactivities;therighthalfworksonpictures,patternsandforms.Weneedbothhalvesworkingtogether.Andthebettertheconnections,themoreharmoniouslythetwohalveswork.And,accordingtoresearchfindings,womenhavethebetterconnections.

Butitisn’tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.Inschoolsthroughouttheworldgirlstendtobebetterthanboysat“languagesubjects”andboysbetteratmathsandphysics.Ifthesedifferencescorrespondwiththedifferencesinthehemispherictrunkline,thereisanunalterabledistinctionbetweenthesexes.

Weshan’tknowforawhile,partlybecausewedon’tknowofanypreciserelationshipbetweenabilitiesinschoolsubjectandthefunctioningofthetwohalvesofthebrain,andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?

2.Accordingtothepassageitiscommonlybelievedthatbraindifferencesarecausedby______factors.

3.“thesedifferences”inparagraph5refertothosein_______.

4.Attheendofthepassagetheauthorproposesmoreworkon______.

5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.Biologistsareconductingresearchwherepsychologistshavegivenup.

B.Braindifferencespointtosuperiorityofonesexovertheother.

C.Resultsofscientificresearchfailtosupportpopularbelief.

D.Thestructuraldifferenceinthebrainbetweenthesexeshaslongbeenknown.

问题2选项

A.biological

B.psychological

C.physical

D.social

问题3选项

A.skillsofmenandwomen

B.schoolsubjects

C.thebrainstructureofmenandwomen

D.activitiescarriedoutbythebrain

问题4选项

A.thebrainstructureasawhole

B.thefunctioningofpartofthebrain

C.thedistinctionbetweenthesexes

D.theeffectsofthecorpuscallosum

问题5选项

A.Tooutlinetheresearchfindingsonthebrainstructure.

B.Toexplainthelinkbetweensexandbrainstructure,

C.Todiscussthevariousfactorsthatcausebraindifferences.

D.Tosuggestnewareasinbrainresearch.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Psychologistsviewthesubjecteitherasamatteroffrustrationorajoke.（心理学家把这个问题看作是一件沮丧的是或是一个笑话）可知A选项表述不正确；由第一段中的Butbeingdifferent,theypointouthurriedly,isnotthesameasbeingbetterorworse.（但他们急忙指出，不同并不等于好或坏）可知B选项表述不正确；由第三段中的Thisisthefirsttimethatastructuraldifferencehasbeenfoundbetweenthebrainsofwomenandmenanditmusthavesomesignificance.（这是第一次发现女性和男性大脑之间的结构差异，它必须具有一定的意义）可知D选项表述不正确。通过排除法排除A、B、D选项，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第三段中的Wetendtothinkthatitistheinfluenceofsocietythatproducesthesedifferences.（我们倾向于认为，正是社会的影响产生了这些差异）可知选D。

3.细节事实题。由文章倒数第二段中的Butitisn’tallthateasytoexplaintheactualdifferencesbetweenskillsofmenandwomenonthisbasis.（但要在此基础上解释男女技能的实际差异并非易事）可知选A。

4.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的andwecannotunderstandhowthetwohalvesinteractviathecorpuscallosum.Butthisstrikingdifferencemusthavesomeeffectand,becausethedifferenceisinthepartsofthebraininvolvedinintellect,weshouldbelookingfordifferencesinintellectualprocessing（我们也不知道这两部分是如何通过胼胝体相互作用的。但这种显著的差异肯定会有一定的影响，因为这种差异存在于大脑中与智力有关的部分，我们应该寻找智力加工的差异）可知选D。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了男性和女性的结构存在差别，科学家对这种差别所做的研究，因此A选项“概述脑结构的研究成果”符合题意。

8.单选题

Earthquakesarethemostlethalofallnaturaldisasters.Whatcausesthem?Geologistsexplainthemintermsofatheoryknownasplatestectonics.Continentsarefloatingapartfromeachother,thisisreferredtoasthecontinentaldrift.Aboutsixtymilesbelowthesurfaceofthesea,thereisasemi-moltenbedofrockoverwhichplates,orslabs,carrycontinentsandseafloorsatarateofseveralinchesayear.Astheplatesseparatefromeachother,anewseafloorisformedbythemoltenmatterthatwasformerlybeneath.Volcanicislandsandlargemountainrangesarecreatedbythistypeofmovement.ThecollisionofplatecausesgeographicalinstabilitysuchasthatinCaliforniacalledtheSanAndreasFaultlocatedbetweenthePacificandNorthAmericaplates.Theplatesthereareconstantlypushingandpullingadjacentplates,therebycreatingtremorsandapotentialforearthquakesinthearea.

Geologistswouldliketobeabletopredictearthquakesaccurately.Usinglaserbeams,seismographs,gravity-measuringdevices,andradiotelescopes,theyarepresentlystudyingtheSanAndreaFaulttodeterminetherateofstainandtheamountofgroundslippage.Calculationsindicatethatsometimewithinthenexttenyears:Californiawillbestruckbyamajorearthquake.

Inspiteofthegeologiststheoryofplatetectonics,therearestillgapsinman’sunderstandingandknowledgeofthecausesofearthquakes.Powerfulearthquakeshaveoccurredinplaceswhereplateboundariesarehundredsofmilesaway.Inthe1800s,NewMadrid,MissouriandCharleston,SouthCarolina,wereshakenbyearthquakesthatnoonehadforeseen.

Certainareasoftheworldarequakeprone,Italy,Yugoslavia,andAlgeriahaveexperiencedmanyquakes.InNovember1980,Napleswasstruckbyanespeciallydevastatingquake.ChinaandJapanhavealsohitbyhorrendous(terrible)quakes.In1923,TokyoandYokohamawerereducedtorubblebygigantictremorsthatwerefollowedbyfires,tornadoes,andfinallyathirly-four-foottsunami,ortidalwave,whichwascausedbytheEarth’sdropintothewatersofTokyoBay.Morethan150,000peoplediedinthatearthquake.

Whateffectshavegeologistspredictionsofearthquakehad?TheChineseinHaichengin1974werewarnedthatanearthquakemightoccurwithinthenextyearortwo.Withthehelpofamateurseismologistsobservationsofanimalbehaviorandtheriseandfallofwaterinwellsandmeasurementsofradioactivegasinwater,professionalgeologistswereable,inJanuary1975,topredictanearthquakewithinthenextsixmonths.OnFebruary4,Haichengwasdestroyed,butbecauseitsresidentshadbeenevacuated,veryfewpeoplewerekilled.InCalifornia,whereearthquakeisanever-presentmenace,buildingcodesnowrequirequakeproofstructures,andCivilDefenseunitshaveintensifiedtheirtraininginhowtodealwithdisastershoulditstrikeor,perhapsmoreaccurately,whenitstrikes.Shouldpredictionsofaquakewithinthenexttenyearsbeaccurate,manyCaliforniansmaybeabletosaveboththeirlivesandtheirproperty.

1.Continentaldriftistheconceptthat（

）.

2.Ifpredictionsarecorrect,California（

）.

3.Californiansarepreparingforanearthquakeby（

）.

4.Napleswas（

）.

5.Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe（

）.

问题1选项

A.continentsaredrawingnearertoeachother

B.continentsareseparating

C.continentsare60milesapartfromeachother

D.newcontinentsaredevelopingbeneaththesea

问题2选项

A.Willbestruckbyanearthquakeinthenexttenyears

B.Willbesavedfromearthquakewithintenyears

C.IsunstableasaresultoftheSanAndreasFault.

D.Hasnothingtofear

问题3选项

A.Savingtheirproperty

B.Buildingstrongerhousesandpracticingtechniquestohandleemergencies

C.IgnoringtheSunAndreasFault

D.movingtoanotherstate

问题4选项

A.notdamagedmuchbyanearthquake

B.struckbyahorrendousearthquake

C.struckbyanearthquakealongtimeage

D.preparedforanearthquake

问题5选项

A.BuildingcodesinCalifornia

B.ObservationofanimalbehaviorinChina

C.Causeandpredictionofearthquake

D.Devastatingearthquakes

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.细节事实题。题干询问‘大陆漂移说是怎样一个概念？’根据文章第—段第四句“Continentsarefloatingapartfromeachother,thisisreferredtoasthecontinentaldrift.“大陆之间是相互分离的，这被称为大陆漂移。”，所以B选项“大陆是分离开的”正确。

2.推理判断题。题干询问‘如果预言是正确的，加利福尼亚会怎样？’根据文章第二段最后一句“Calculationsindicatethatsometimewithinthenexttenyears:Californiawillbestruckbyamajorearthquake.计算表明，在未来10年内的某个时候，加利福尼亚将遭受一次大地震的袭击。”确定A选项“将在接下来的10年内受到地震的打击”正确；根据文章最后一段“Shouldpredictionsofaquakewithinthenexttenyearsbeaccurate,manyCaliforniansmaybeabletosaveboththeirlivesandtheirproperty.如果对未来十年地震的预测是准确的，许多加州人也许能够挽救他们的生命和财产。”，确定B选项“可以使它在接下来的10年内免遭地震”错误；C选项“由于圣安徳烈亚斯断层它会不稳定”和D选项“没有什么需要害怕的”文中没有提及，排除；所以A选项为正确答案。

3.细节事实题。题干询问‘加利福尼亚人为了应对地震正在做什么准备？’根据文中最后一段最后一句“InCalifornia,whereearthquakeisanever-presentmenace,buildingcodesnowrequirequakeproofstructures,andCivilDefenseunitshaveintensifiedtheirtraininginhowtodealwithdisastershoulditstrikeor,perhapsmoreaccurately,whenitstrikes.在加州，地震是一种无处不在的威胁，建筑规范现在要求防震结构，民防部队已经加强了如何应对地震袭击的训练，或者更准确地说，当地震袭击时如何应对。”确定B选项“建造更坚固的房子和练习处理紧急事件的技巧”正确。

4.细节事实题。题干询问‘那不勒斯是怎样的？’根据文章第四段第二句“InNovember1980,Napleswasstruckbyanespeciallydevastatingquake.1980年11月，那不勒斯发生了一场毁灭性的地震。”，确定B选项“遭受了可怕的地震”正确。

5.主旨大意题。题干询问‘这篇文章最好的标题是…？’文章一直围绕着地震发生的原因和预测这个话题展开描述的，所以C选项“地震发生的原因和预测”正确；文章只是说加州为了应对地震采取了建筑法规等措施，所以A选项“加利福尼亚的建筑法规”错误；B选项“中国对于动物行为的观察”，属于文章的一部分细节信息描述，不是主主旨题，所以不正确；文中只是举例了一些毁灭性的地震，但这个不是文章主题，所以选项D“毁灭性的地震”不正确；C选项为正确答案。

9.单选题

Ofvariouspartsofthespeechcontest,unplanned（

）speechisthemostdifficultpartformostcontestants.

问题1选项

A.spontaneous

B.spontaneity

C.prepared

D.synthetic

【答案】A

【解析】【试题解析】考查词义辨析。A选项spontaneous“自发的，自然的”；B选项spontaneity“自发性，自然性”；C选项prepared“准备好的”；D选项synthetic“综合的，合成的”。由关键词“unplanned无准备的”可知spontaneous符合题意，句意为：在口语竞赛的不同环节中，无准备即兴演讲对于大多数选手来说都是最难的。选项A为正确答案。

10.单选题

Anyonenotpayingtheregistrationfeebytheendofthismonthwillbe______tohavewithdrawnfromtheprogram.

问题1选项

A.contemplated

B.deemed

C.acknowledged

D.anticipated

【答案】B

【解析】【选项释义】

A.contemplated考虑，思量B.deemed认为，视为

C.acknowledged承认（属实）D.anticipated预料，预期

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“凡在本月底前未缴纳报名费者将被______退出该课程”可知，bedeemedto（被认为，被视为）符合句意，所以该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】凡在本月底前未缴纳报名费者将被视为退出该课程。

11.单选题

Whilecrossingthemountainareas,allthemenhadgunsforprotectionlestthey（

）bythelocalbandits.

问题1选项

A.beattacked

B.mustbeattacked

C.wereattacked

D.wouldbeattacked

【答案】A

【解析】考查虚拟语气。由“lest”引导的目的状语从句，意思是“唯恐，以免”，与之有相同用法的还有“forfearthat/inorderthat/sothat”，谓语动词一般用(should/could/might)+动词原形。因此选项A符合题意。

12.翻译题

在学问上打下坚实的基础将使你终生受益。在学习的初级阶段，学校所有科目中最重要的是语言和数学。语言是阅读和交流的工具，中文不好，你就不能很好地表达自己；没有很好的掌握一门外语，你就会发现很难吸收外国的新知识。数学能训练人的逻辑思维。其他学科也各有用处，很难说哪一门更重要。比如，体育和音乐教育对于促进人的智力发展同样是重要的。

Thefirstbeginningsofthetheorymaybepromptedbycasualobservationandexperience.Inthesefirstprobestowardtheory,descriptionoffactsmakesupmostshareoftheeffort.Increasingsophisticationandrigorleadstoagrowingconcernwithtestingtentativetheoriesusingcarefullyselecteddataandavarietyofstatisticaltechniques.Intheselaterdevelopments,thesubjectmatterofadisciplinebecomesincreasinglytheoreticalanddeductive,ratherthanempiricalanddescriptive.

【答案】Layingasolidfoundationforstudywillworkforallyourlife.Intherudimentarystageoflearning,themostimportantsubjectsinschooleducationarelanguageandMathematics.Languageisatoolforreadingandcommunication.Ifyouarepoorinyourmotherlanguage,youcannotexpressyourselfwell.Andyouwillfindit’sdifficulttoabsorbnewknowledgefromothercountrieswithoutmasteringaforeignlanguage.Mathematicscantrainpeople’slogicalthinking.It’shardtotellwhichsubjectismoreimportant,forothersubjectsalsohavetheirownadvantages.Forinstance,physicalandmusiceducationmakecontributiontoourintelligencedevelopment.

不经意的观察和经历可能会促进理论的开始。在探究理论之初，描述事实构成了这种探索努力的最大部分。随着理论不断变得复杂和严谨，人们开始使用精心挑选的数据和各式各样的统计方法来测试尝试性的理论。在随后的发展中，学科的主题变得理论化，并且具有推导性，不再是经验和描述的。

13.单选题

Ihadanexperiencesomeyearsagowhichtaughtmesomethingaboutthewaysinwhichpeoplemakeabadsituationworsebyblamingthemselves.OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife.Theirhomeshappenedtobeneareachother,soIpaidcondolencecallsonthetwofamiliesonthesameafternoon.

Atthefirsthome,thesonofthedeceasedwomansaidtome,“IfonlyIhadsentmymothertoFloridaandgottenheroutofthiscoldandsnow,shewouldbealivetoday.It’smyfaultthatshedied.”Atthesecondhome,thesonoftheotherdeceasedwomansaid,“IfonlyIhadn’tinsistedonmymother’sgoingtoFlorida,shewouldbealivetoday.Thatlongairplaneride,theabruptchangeofclimate,wasmorethanshecouldtake.It’smyfaultthatshe’sdead.”

Whenthingsdon’tturnoutaswewouldlikethemto,itisverytemptingtoassumethathadwedonethingsdifferently,thestorywouldhavehadahappierending.Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter.Afterall,howcouldhaveturnedoutanyworse?

Thereseemtobetwoelementsinvolvedinourreadinesstofeelguilty.Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.Thatleadsustofindpatternsandconnectionsbothwheretheyreallyexistandwheretheyexistonlyinourminds.

Thesecondelementisthenotionthatwearethecauseofwhathappens,especiallythebadthingsthathappen.Itseemstobeashortstepfrombelievingthateveryeventhasacausetobelievingthateverydisasterisourfault.Therootsoffeelingmaylieinourchildhood.Psychologistsspeakoftheinfantilemythofomnipotence.Ababycomestothinkthattheworldexiststomeethisneeds,andthathemakeseverythinghappeninit.Hewakesupinthemorningandsummonstherestoftheworldtoitstasks.Hecries,andsomeonecomestoattendtohim.Whenheishungry,peoplefeedhim,andwhenheiswet,peoplechangehim.Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.

1.Whatissaidaboutthetwodeceasedelderlywoman?

2.Theauthorhadtoconductthetwowomen’sfuneralsprobablybecause（

）.

3.Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirlovedonesbecause

（

）.

4.Inthecontextofthepassage,“...theworldmakessense”(Line2,Para.4)probablymeansthat

（

）.

5.Peoplehavebeenmadetobelievesinceinfancythat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Theylivedoutanaturallife.

B.Theydiedofexhaustionafterthelongplaneride.

C.Theyweren’taccustomedtothechangeinweather.

D.Theydiedduetolackofcarebyfamilymembers.

问题2选项

A.hewantedtoconsolethetwofamilies

B.hewasanofficialfromthecommunity

C.hehadgreatsympathyforthedeceased

D.hewaspriestofthelocalchurch

问题3选项

A.theycouldn’tfindabetterwaytoexpresstheirgrief

B.theybelievethattheywereresponsible

C.theyhadneglectedthenaturalcourseofevents

D.theydidn’tknowthingsoftenturnoutintheoppositedirection

问题4选项

A.everythingintheworldispredetermined

B.theworldcanbeinterpretedindifferentways

C.there’sanexplanationforeverythingintheworld

D.wehavetobesensibleinordertounderstandtheworld

问题5选项

A.everybodyisattheircommand

B.lifeanddeathisanunsolvedmystery

C.everystoryshouldhaveahappyending

D.theirwishesarethecauseofeverythingthathappens

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.細节事实题。根据文章第一段的OneJanuary,Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”astheBiblewouldsay;bothyieldedtothenormalwearingoutofthebodyafteralongandfulllife(那是在一月，我连着为两位年迈的老人主持葬礼,正如圣经中所说，这两位老人都是在经历了漫长和完整的人生之后的身体正常耗尽)可知选项A“两位老人终其天年”与文章意思相符。

2.判断推理题。题目是问“作者需要为两位老人办理丧事的原因有可能是什么。选项A:因为作者想安慰这两个家，B:因为作者是那个社区的公务人员，C:因为作者对死者怀有无限同情和D:因为作者是当地教堂的牧师，并且根据原文Ihadtoofficiateattwofuneralsonsuccessivedaysfor“fullofyears”as...中的关键词officiate“主持宗教仪式”和onsuccessivedays“连续”可知极有可能的原因是选项D。

3.细节事实题。根据题干信息Peoplefeelguiltyforthedeathsoftheirloved定位至第三段:Priestsknowthatanytimethereisadeath,thesurvivorswillfeelguilty.,而后面紧接着说到原因:Becausethecourseofactiontheytookturnedoutbadly,theybelievedthattheoppositecourse—keepingMotherathome,postponingtheoperationthatwouldhaveturnedoutbetter(当他们的行动计划引起了坏的结果时，他们就会相信如果当初采取不同的行动计划，如将母亲留在家里以及将计划延期，那么结果就会好很多)，由此可知人们通常会对至亲的去世感到内疚是因为他们认为自己对于至亲的去世负有贵任，即选项B。

4.语义题。第四段主要是对我们常常会感到自责的原因之一的介绍，根据这—段中的Thefirstisourpressingneedtobelievethattheworldmakessense,thatthereisacauseforeveryeffectandareasonforeverythingthathappens.“一方面是因为我们非常相信世界自有其道理，也就是说世间的一切都有某发生存在的原因”可知theworldmakessense意思是世间的一切都有其发生存在的原因，故答案选项为C。

5.细节事实题。根据文章最后一句话Veryoften,wedonotcompletelyoutgrowthatinfantilenotionthatourwishescausethingstohappen.“通常，我们都没有从那个婴儿时期形成的观念中摆