逻辑术语汉英对照表

精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业专心---专注---专业精选优质文档-----倾情为你奉上专心---专注---专业逻辑术语汉英对照表中文英文概念concept内涵intension外延extension反变关系counter-alterralation单独概念uniqueconcept普遍概念universalconcept空概念emptconcept集合概念collectiveconcept非集合概念non-collectiveconcept正概念positiveconcept负概念negativeconcept全同关系identicalralation真包含于关系trulyincludedrealton真包含关系trueinclusion交叉关系insersectingrelation全异关系disparaterelation矛盾关系（概念间的）contradictoryconcept反对关系（概念间的）contraryconcept欧拉图示Eulerdiagrams限制restriction概括generalization定义definition属加种差gensanddifference集合set元素element有限集finiteset无限集infiniteset交换律commutatovelaw结合律associativelaw分配律distributivelaw德·摩根律DeMorgan'slaws命题proposition直言命题ccategoricalproposition主词subject谓词predicate系词copulative量词quantifier周延性distribution对当关系opposition矛盾关系（命题间的）contradictoryproposition反对关系（命题间的）contrariety下反对关系sub-contrariety差等关系hyponymy逻辑方阵logicalsquare文恩图Venndiagrams关系命题relationalproposition对称关系symmentricalrelation反对称关系amti-symmetricrelation非反对称关系non-symmetricrelation传递关系reamsitiverelation反传递关系anti-transitiverelation非传递关系non-transitiverelation联言命题associatoveproposition选言命题disjuncitveproposition假言命题hypotheticalproposition负命题negativeproposition真值truthvalue真值表truthvaluetable模态命题modalproposition规范命题mormativeproposition同一律lawofidentity矛盾律lawofcontradiction排中律lawofexcludedmiddle悖论paradox推理inference演绎推理deductiveinference归纳推理inductiveinference换质法contraposition换位法coversion三段论syllogism三段论的格syllogisticfigures三段论的式syllogisticmood关系推理relationalinference联言推理associativeinference选言推理disjunctiveinference假言推理hypotheticalinference负命题等值推理equivalenceinferenceofnegativeproposition假言选言推理inferenceofhypothesisanddisjunction假言联言推理inferenceofhypothesisandassociation反三段论anti-syllogism归谬推理inferenceofreductiontoabsurdity反证推理inferenceofreductiontoabsurdity归谬赋值法valueassignedbyreductiontoabsurdity命题自然推理natureinferenceofproposition谓词自然推理natureinferenceofpredicate模态推理modalinference规范推理normativeinference回溯推理reversalinference科学假说scientifichypothesis认证demonstration言语交际verbalcommunication逻辑符号一览表符号中文名称英文名称＝等于equalto≠不等于unequalto空集nullsetI全集compelteset∈属于belongto￠不属于notbelongto包含于include包含trulyincluded真包含于trueinclude真包含trueinclude∪并union∩交intersection\补complementSAP全称肯定命题universalaffirmativepropositionSEP全称否定命题universalnegativepropositionSIP特称肯定命题subaltermpositivepropositionSOP特称否定命题subaltermnegativepropositionSap单称肯定命题singularaffirmativepropositionSep单称否定命题singularnegativepropositionR关系ralationR的逆关系inversecorrelationofR∧合取conjunction∨相容析取compatiledisjunction不相容析取incompatibledisjuncton→蕴涵implication←反蕴涵counter-inplication←→互蕴涵mutualimplication非（对命题的否定）negationofpropositon￣非（对项的否定）negationoftermsT真truthF假false

可能possibillity□必然necessaryO必须obligatoryP允许permissionF禁止forbiddenM中项middleterm+存在existenceFa特定个体a有F的性质qualityofFinspecificindividualaFx不确定个体x有F的性质qualityofFinundefinedindividualxR(a,b)两特定个体a、b的R关系ralationofRintwospecificindividuals