单项填空解题技巧市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件

单项填空解题技巧——之“简化还原法”石阡中学杨琴第1页单项填空是高考英语试题基本题型，用来考查词法、习惯使用方法、交际使用方法、词语辨析等各项内容。在做单项填空题时，除应含有扎实语言基础知识外，掌握一些解题方法也是很有必要。比如，我们惯用解题方法有：第2页1、题眼法：“题眼”是指题干中关键词或关键符号，它含有提醒信息作用。一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择依据。2、归类法：依据句意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，提升做题速度和准确性。第3页

3、排除法：排除提干中冗余信息

(插入语，定语从句，伴随状语等)和排除选项中错误选项。

e.g:Thedayswelookedforwardto____atlast.

A.comesB.tocome

C.cameD.coming

4、推理法：依据前后文，进行逻辑推理，在四个选项都可填入情况下，要认真阅读全句，仔细体会其语境，依据前后文，进行判断。第4页PRESETATION一、将疑问句、感叹句等还原成陈说句二、将倒装句语序还原成正常语序三、将省略句还原成完整句子四、将强调句式化成普通句式五、将被动语态还原成主动语态六、将并列句、复合句及含修饰成份句子简化成简单句。第5页一、将疑问句、感叹句等还原成陈说句1、—

whenhasthecountrybeenopentointernationaltrade?—1978，Isuppose.A.SinceB.InC.FromD.After点拨：选A结合答语，疑问句还原成：Thecountryhasbeenopentointernationaltradesince1978.Since引导时间状语与现在完成时连用。第6页2、—Robertisindeedawiseman.

—Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted

Dhisadvice!

A.totakeB.taking

C.nottotakeD.nottaking

点拨：选D。感叹句还原成：Ihaveoftenregrettednottakinghisadvice.regret接动词-ing形式作宾语，表示对过去所做事感到后悔。第7页3、Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehadDhomeinthesnowstorm.A.walkedB.walkC.towalkD.walking点拨：宾语从句还原成陈说句应该是：Wehaddifficultywalkinghomeinthesnowstorm.havedifficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有困难。

第8页1、BthatMariewasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere.A.SosuccessfulherbusinesswasB.SosuccessfulwasherbusinessC.SoherbusinesswassuccessfulD.Sowashersuccessfulbusiness点拨：选B。该句正常语序是:HerbusinesswassosuccessfulthatMariewasabletosetupnewbrancheselsewhere。在so…that…句型中，当“so+adj./adv.”位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。

二、将倒装句语序还原成正常语序第9页2、IhavebeenlivingintheUnitedStatesfortwentyyears,butseldomAso

lonelyasnow.A.haveIfeltB.IhadfeltC.IhavefeltD.HadIfelt点拨：选A。还原成正常语序，后一分句应该是：Ihaveseldomfeltsolonelyasnow.seldom是含有否定意义副词，用于句首时，句子部分倒装。第10页三、将省略句还原成完整句子1、TheflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunlessAeveryday.A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater点拨：选A。还原句子应该是：Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunlesstheflowersarewateredeveryday.当状语从句主语与主句主语一致时，从句主语和be动词能够省略。第11页2、Weallknowthat，

，thesituationwillgetworse.A.notifdealtcarefullywithB.ifnotcarefullydealtwithC.ifdealtnotcarefullywithD.notifcarefullydealtwith点拨：选B。ifnotcarefullydealtwith是ifthesituationisnotcarefullydealtwith省略形式。第12页3、Hehasmadealotoffilms，butCgoodones.A.anyB.someC.fewD.many点拨：选C。后一分句完整形是：buthehasmadefewgoodones.在由并列连词andbut，or等连接并列句中，后边分句能够省略与前边分句中相同成份，以免重复。第13页四、将强调句式化成普通句式1、Idon’tmindhercriticizingme，but

ishowshedoesitthatIobjectto.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which点拨：选A。but后边分句是强调句型，能够简化成butIobjecttohowshedoesit.由此能够看出被强调是how引导宾语从句。第14页2、—I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.—Well,maybeDisnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it点拨：选D。强调句型，强调由not…but…连接两个并列主语从句。经过简化，去掉itis/was，就成了普通句式：Nothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadcounts.第15页3、ItwasintheNewZealandAElizabethfirstmetMr.Smith.A.thatB.howC.whichD.when点拨：选A。将这个强调句简化成普通句式为ElizabethfirstmetMr.SmithintheNewZealand.第16页1、Whenyougetthepaperbake，payspecialattentiontowhatB.A.havemarkedB.havebeenmarkedC.hadmarkedD.hadbeenmarked点拨：选B。还原成主动能够清楚地看出“批阅（mark）”执行者是“老师”，而what是mark承受者，二者之间为动宾关系或被动关系。第17页2、ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture，butwhenandwhereAyet.A.hasn’tbeendecidedB.haven’tdecidedC.isn’tbeingdecidedD.aren’tdecided点拨：选A。but之后分句还原成主动语态应该是：theyhaven’tdecidedwhenandwhereprofessorJameswillgiveusthelecture.第18页六、将并列句、复合句及含修饰成份句子

简化成简单句。1、ThevillagehasdevelopedalotDwelearnedfarmingtowyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where点拨：选D。这是一个含定语从句复合句，可简化成两个简单句:Thevillagehaddevelopedalot./Welearnedfarminginthevillagetowyearsago.由此看出空格处应填关系副词引导定语从句，修饰thevillage。第19页2、Thefacthasworriedmanyscientist

theearthisbecomingwarmerandwarmertheseyears.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.though点拨：选C。分析句子结构可知缺乏引导词that引导同位语从句修饰thefact。第20页3、Welivedaybyday，butinthegreatthings，thetimeofdaysandweeksAsosmallthatadayisunimportant.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeen点拨：选A。将thetimeofdaysandweeksissosmall中修饰成份排除就是thetimeissmall。thetime是主语，谓语动词用单数。第21页PRACTICE1.OnlyaftermycousinfailedintheNMET

thatheshouldhavemadebetteruseofhissparetime.A.didherealizeB.didn’therealizeC.herealizeD.hedidn’trealize2.Theboyweconsidered

wascaughtcheatingintheexam.A.beinghonestB.tobehonestC.washonestD.thatishonest第22页3.Whenreceivedbyhisfavoritestarthathecouldn’tspeakaword.A.SoexcitedtheboywasB.SoexcitedwastheboyC.SotheboywasexcitedD.Sowastheboyexcited4.—Whichdresswillyoutake?—Why，

!Oneisabittootightandthecoloroftheotherisn’ttomytaste.A.bothB.eachC.eitherD.neither第23页5.Isitinthefactory

wewillpayavisittonextweek

thiskindofcarismade?A.不填；thatB.where；thatC.where；whereD.that；where6.Hecametorealize

aterriblemistakehehadmade.A.howB.whatC.thatD.whether7.Onceheunderstands

importanteducationistohischildren，hewillsurelysendthemtoschool.A.whatB.howC.suchD.so第24页8.Don’tyouthink

rude

youtotalktoyourteacherlikethat?A.that；forB.that；ofC.it；forD.it；of9.Thestudentare

tohandintheircompositionsbyFriday.A.expectedB.hopedC.agreedD.demanded10.—Iwaswonderingifwecouldgohikingthisweekend.—

likeagoodidea.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds第25页11.TheEnglishplay

mysonplayedale