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初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案V:1.0精细整理,仅供参考初中英语被动语态讲解-练习及答案日期:20xx年X月被动语态考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】across,through穿过across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流,穿过桥梁等。eg:Theywalkacrossthebridge.他们步行走过了这座桥。through侧重从物体的内部空间穿过,动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。eg:Hewalksthroughthepark.他步行穿过公园。ill,sick“生病的”。ill只在系动词后作表语eg:Hermotherwasillinbed.
sick既可作表语eg:Hermotherwassickinbed.
也可作定语eg:Janeistakingcareofhersickmother.若ill作定语,译为“坏的,恶劣的”eg:anillperson一个坏人sick作表语时也常译为“恶心的,想吐的“eg:Theboyalwaysfeelssickwhenhetravelsbycar.【固定搭配】动词+名词/代词/副词+介词makeroomfor给.....腾出地方eg:Wecanmakeroomforheratthistable.playajokeon戏弄人;对人恶作剧eg:Wecan’tplayajokeonlaw.speakhighlyof称赞eg:Thecustomsspeakhighlyoftheirqualityofservice.saygoodbyeto告别;告辞eg:Idon'twanttosaygoodbyetothem.takeanactivepartin积极参加eg:Theytakeanactivepartinschoolactivities.takecareof照顾;照料;注意eg:CouldyoutakecareofmyplantswhileI'monvacation【被动语态】(一)语态:英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如:ManypeoplespeakChinese.谓语:speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。例如:Chineseisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。(二)被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时:am/is/are+spoken一般过去时:was/were+spoken一般将来时:will/shallbe+spoken现在进行时:am/is/arebeing+spoken过去进行时:was/werebeing+spoken现在完成时:have/hasbeen+spoken过去完成时:hadbeen+spoken(三)被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如:Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道是谁偷的)Thisbridgewasfoundedin1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。例如:TheglasswasbrokenbyMike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Yourhomeworkmustbefinishedontime.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。(四)主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。例如:Allthepeoplelaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.→Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.Hecutdownatree.→Atreewascutdownbyhim.(五)含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.→Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Theyshoulddoitatonce.→Itshouldbedoneatonce.(六)特殊情况madetheboyworkfortwohoursyesterday.→Theboywasmadetoworkbyhimfortwohoursyesterday.neverletsmewatchTV.→IamneverlettowatchTVbymother.gavePeteraChristmaspresentjustnow.→(1)AChristmaspresentwasgiventoPeterbyJackjustnow.→(2)PeterwasgivenaChristmaspresentbyJackjustnow.常见的句型结构:Itis(was)agreed(believed/decided/hoped/thought......)that......大家同意(相信、决定、希望、认为)......Itis(was)wellknownthat......众所周知Itis(was)takenforgrantedthat......被视为当然Itmustberememberedthat......务必记住......Itmustn’tbeforgottenthat......千万别忘记......Itis(was)said(reported,heard,told,suggested)that......据说(报道、听说、告知、建议......)二、典型例题()1.TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.Aareheld Bwereheld C.areholding D.willho1d()2.Intheartshow,alotofenjoyment__toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings.A.isgiving Bisgiven Cwillgive Dhasgiven()3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.It_________in.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teaches B.isteaching C.hastaught D.istaught()4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,________as"People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards()5.Usuallycomputers_________tosearchtheInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used()6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.clean B.cleans C.iscleaned()7.一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible一Yes.Infact,it'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround.A.polluted Bwaspolluted Chaspolluted D.waspo11ute()8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay_______,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保护)theearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted()9.---IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.---Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen()10.Manytreesandflowers______inourschoollastyear,andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden.A.plantB.plantedC.haveplantedD.wereplanted()famouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.A.willshow B.wereshown C.isshown D.willbeshown()12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives()changeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.---Right.Manymoderntallbuildingshavebeen______thesedays.A.turnedup B.putup C.shownup D.fixedup()shouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed()15.
—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom
—Yes,ourclassroom______everyday.
A.clean
B.cleans
C.iscleaned
D.Cleaned三、课后练习()1.—Susan,whyareyoustillhereTheyareallreadytostart.
–I’msorry,butI_____whentomeet.A.don’ttell
B.didn’ttell
C.haven’ttold
D.wasn’ttold()2.Manyoldhousesaroundourschool____nextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A.pulldown
B.willbepulleddown C.willpulldown
D.arepulleddown()3.---Mywatch______.---Don’tworry.Let’sgototheLost&Found.A.islost B.isbroken C.hasfound D.hasstopped()4.---DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty---No,I___________.A.amnotinvited B.wasn’tinvited C.haven’tinvited D.didn’tinvite()5.--Howoften______yourschoolsportsmeeting______--Onceayear.A.does;hold B.was;hold C.is;held D.did;hold()6.OnMay30th,,onebowlintheMingdynasty(明朝)_______atthepriceofmillionHongKongdollars.A.sell B.sold C.issold D.wassold()7.The"Thousand-handGuanyin"____bymanypeopleasthebestperformanceatCCTV'sSpringFestivalEvening.A.hasbeenregarded B.areregarded C.hasregarded D.regards()8.—Thoseeggsofdifferentcolorsareverybeautiful.—Yes,they______inHangzhou.A.painted B.werepainting C.werepainted D.hadpainted()9.---Don’tlittertheground,boy,Lookatthesign::“Rubbishintothedustbin.”---Sorry.A,hasthrow B,wasthrow C,mustthrow D,mustbethrown()10.The29th0lympicGames__inBeijingin2008.A.willhold Bwillbeheld C.hold()11.Thegirlwasoftenheardhappilyinherroom.A.sing B.tosing C.singing D.sings()12.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild()13.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild()14.Thesickboy_________tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istakenB.wastakenC.takesD.took()15.--It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.--Ithinkabridge_________overtheriver.A.wasbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.shouldbebuilt()16.--David,turnofftheTV________nooneiswatchingit.
--Butit________offalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.
A.sothat,hasbeenturned
B.when,hasturnedC.if,hasbeenturned
D.because,hasturned()17.UsuallyJohntoschoolinhisfather’sbeautifulcar.A.hastakenB.istakingC.istakenD.hasbeentaken()18.Don’tputofftoday’sworkfortomorrow.Imean,today’swork_________today.A.maydoB.mustdoC.maybedoneD.mustbedone(),whatanoldpalace!Itlookssogreat!--Yeah,it________nearly800yearsago.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuilt C.hasbuilt D.isbuilt()20.Don’tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyou_________todoso.A.askB.areasked C.willaskD.willbeasked典型例题一般现在时1A。[解析]考查被动语态,根据句意,“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态,故排除了B、C、D。2[答案]B。[解析]本题考查被动语态,句中alotofenjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中,一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”3[答案]D。[解析]考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。4[答案]A。[解析]选用一般现在时态的被动语态,表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。5[答案]C。[解析]从句子看,电脑作主语,是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态,故选C。6.[答案]C。[解析]考查被动语态物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。一般过去时1[答案]B。考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。2[答案]B。[解析]从句意:“……自从‘地球日’开始以来,人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境。”可知,“地球日”的开始,要用一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为wasstarted故选B。3.We________intofivegroupstogototheoldpeople'shome.Wedidmanythingstocheerthemup.[太原市]A.dividedB.aredividedC.weredivided3[答案]C。[解析]本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句"Wedidmanythings.”可推断,时态应该是一般过去时。因此选C。4C5D一般将来过去1[答案]D。[解析]本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”,在此为动作“展出”的承受者,故应用被动语态,时间状语为nextweek,是表示将来的时间状语,所以句子时态是一般将来时,所以D项正确。2B答案B答案:D。情态动词用于被动结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词。答案为C。句中有everyday,主语为ourclassroom,故要用一般现在时的被动语态。【参考答案】1.答案D解析:依据句意:对不起,但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去,I和tell之间是被动关系。2.答案B解析:由题干时间nextyear科知识将来时态,句子主语是oldhouses,应用被动语态。故选B。3.答案A解析:由Let’sgototheLost&Found.可知,说明表丢失了。故选4.答案B解析:由DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty可知陈述过去的动作的发生,I和invite之间存在着被动关系。故选B。5.答案C解析:Howoften+一般疑问句此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数,表示“多长时间一次”。往往针对频度副词如:always,seldom,usually,onceamonth,sometimes,everyfiveminutes.等提问,常用于现在时或过去时。由题干yourschoolsportsmeeting作主语,谓语应用被动语态。故选C。6.答案D解析:由OnMay30th,,可知动作发生在过去;其主语是onebowl与sell存在被动关系。7.答案A解析:依据题意:“千手观音”被许多人认为是中央电视台春节联欢晚会最好的节目。表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在的影响或产生的结果,应用现在完成时。其主语是The"Thousand-handGuanyin",要用被动语态。故选A。8.答案C解析:they指代Thoseeggsofdifferentcolors,主语是物,故用被动语态。依据结构,应选C.。9.答案D解析:依据句意:垃圾必须扔进垃圾箱里。表示“命令”,句子主语是垃圾,应用被动语态。10.答案B解析:考查一般将来时的被动语态。由in2008可知是将来时,运动会应该是“被举行”,所以使用一般将来时的被动语态:will+be+过去分词。11选B。考查使役动词的被动语态。在主动语态中heard后用省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,而在被动语态中动词不定式符号to需补上。由关键信息wasoftenheard可直接断定正确答案为B。12选A。考查一般将来时的被动语态。由关键信息inthenextterm可知要用一般将来时,先排除B、C二项;另结合题意“据报道我们学校在下个学期有更多的教学楼被建造”可知要用被动语态,故舍D选A。13选A14选B。由时间状语yesterday可知本题要用一般过去时,先排除A、C二项;另根据题意“那个生病的男孩被警察送到了医院”可知要用被动语态,故舍D选B。15选D16选C。考查现在完成时的被动语态。结合题意“如果没有人看电视就关掉它”可知第一个空是条件状语从句;另由关键信息“Themusicisfromtheradio.”可知“(电视)已经关掉了”,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故正确答案为C。17选C18选D。考查含情态动词的被动语态。由题意“今天的工作必须在今天被做完”可知本题要用被动语态,先排除A、B二项;结合题意可舍C选D。19选B。考查一般过去时的被动语态。由时间状语nearly800yearsago可知要用一般过去时,先排除C、D二项;另结合题意“它(古老的宫殿)在近800年前被建造的”可舍A选B。20选B二、典型例题()1.TheOlympicGames___________everyfouryears.Aareheld Bwereheld C.areholding D.willho1d()2.Intheartshow,alotofenjoyment__toforeignfriendsbytheChinesepaintings.A.isgiving Bisgiven Cwillgive Dhasgiven()3.TodayChineseisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.It_________in.manyschoolsaroundtheworld.A.teaches B.isteaching C.hastaught D.istaught()4.BaJin,oneofthegreatestwritersinChina,________as"People'sWriter".A.isregardedB.hasregardedC.isregardingD.regards()5.Usuallycomputers_________tosearchtheInternet.A.useB.areusingC.areusedD.used()6.--Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom--Yes.Ourclassroom__________everyday.A.clean B.cleans C.iscleaned()7.一DidyouhearthatwaterinTaiLakesmeltterrible一Yes.Infact,it'sallbecauseofthepeopleandthefactoriesaround.A.polluted Bwaspolluted Chaspolluted D.waspo11ute()8.--Ourenvironmentisgettingworsethanbefore.--You'reright.ButthankstoEarthDay_______,peoplehavedonemoreandmoreusefulthingstoprotect(保护)theearthsinceEarthDay.A.isstartedB.wasstartedC.hasstarted()9.---IfeelveryhappythatI____tobethehost.---Congratulations!A.chooseB.amchosenC.waschosenD.havenchosen()10.Manytreesandflowers______inourschoollastyear,andtheymadeourschoolabeautifulgarden.A.plantB.plantedC.haveplantedD.wereplanted()famouspaintings__________inthehallnextweek.A.willshow B.wereshown C.isshown D.willbeshown()12.Atalkondevelopmentsinscienceandtechnologyintheschoolhallnextweek.A.givenB.willbegivenC.hasbeengivenD.gives()changeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.---Right.Manymoderntallbuildingshavebeen______thesedays.A.turnedup B.putup C.shownup D.fixedup()shouldnottodriveinChina.A.allowB.beallowC.allowedD.beallowed()15.
—Doyouoftencleanyourclassroom
—Yes,ourclassroom______everyday.
A.clean
B.cleans
C.iscleaned
D.Cleaned三、课后练习()1.—Susan,whyareyoustillhereTheyareallreadytostart.
–I’msorry,butI_____whentomeet.A.don’ttell
B.didn’ttell
C.haven’ttold
D.wasn’ttold()2.Manyoldhousesaroundourschool____nextyearandalargegreenareawillappear.A.pulldown
B.willbepulleddown C.willpulldown
D.arepulleddown()3.---Mywatch______.---Don’tworry.Let’sgototheLost&Found.A.islost B.isbroken C.hasfound D.hasstopped()4.---DidyougotoSam’sweekendparty---No,I___________.A.amnotinvited B.wasn’tinvited C.haven’tinvited D.didn’tinvite()5.--Howoften______yourschoolsportsmeeting______--Onceayear.A.does;hold B.was;hold C.is;held D.did;hold()6.OnMay30th,,onebowlintheMingdynasty(明朝)_______atthepriceofmillionHongKongdollars.A.sell B.sold C.issold D.wassold()7.The"Thousand-handGuanyin"____bymanypeopleasthebestperformanceatCCTV'sSpringFestivalEvening.A.hasbeenregarded B.areregarded C.hasregarded D.regards()8.—Thoseeggsofdifferentcolorsareverybeautiful.—Yes,they______inHangzhou.A.painted B.werepainting C.werepainted D.hadpainted()9.---Don’tlittertheground,boy,Lookatthesign::“Rubbishintothedustbin.”---Sorry.A,hasthrow B,wasthrow C,mustthrow D,mustbethrown()10.The29th0lympicGames__inBeijingin2008.A.willhold Bwillbeheld C.hold()11.Thegirlwasoftenheardhappilyinherroom.A.sing B.tosing C.singing D.sings()12.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild()13.Itisreportedthatmorenewteachingbuildings_________inourschoolinthenextterm.A.willbebuiltB.wasbuiltC.hasbuiltD.willbuild()14.Thesickboy_________tohospitalbythepoliceyesterday.A.istakenB.wastakenC.takesD.took()15.--It’sdifficultforthevillagechildrentocrosstheriverforschool.--Ithinkabridge_________overtheriver.A.wasbuiltB.isbeingbuiltC.hasbeenbuiltD.shouldbebuilt()16.--David,turnofftheTV________nooneiswatchingit.
--Butit________offalready!Themusicisfromtheradio.
A.sothat,hasbeenturned
B.when,hasturnedC.if,hasbeenturned
D.because,hasturned()17.UsuallyJohntoschoolinhisfather’sbeautifulcar.A.hastakenB.istakingC.istakenD.hasbeentaken()18.Don’tputofftoday’sworkfortomorrow.Imean,today’swork_________today.A.maydoB.mustdoC.maybedoneD.mustbedone(),whatanoldpalace!Itlookssogreat!--Yeah,it________nearly800yearsago.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuilt C.hasbuilt D.isbuilt()20.Don’tdiscusstheproblemswithyourpartnerunlessyou_________todoso.A.askB.areasked C.willaskD.willbeasked典型例题一般现在时1A。[解析]考查被动语态,根据句意,“奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态,故排除了B、C、D。2[答案]B。[解析]本题考查被动语态,句中alotofenjoyment是动作的承受者。“在这次艺术展中,一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。”3[答案]D。[解析]考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。4[答案]A。[解析]选用一般现在时态的被动语态,表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。5[答案]C。[解析]从句子看,电脑作主语,是动作的承受者,所以用被动语态,故选C。6.[答案]C。[解析]考查被动语态物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。一般过去时1[答案]B。考查被动语态。物作主语,一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性,不能用被动语态。2[答案]B。[解析]从句意:“……自从‘地球日’开始以来,人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境。”可知,“地球日”的开
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