2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）试卷号40

1、住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-电子科技大学考试名师押题精选卷I（带答案详解）（图片可根据实际调整大小）题型12345总分得分一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题The incident（ ）press interest. Reporters from several newspapers came to interview him.问题1选项A.purchasedB.producedC.provokedD.processed【答案】C【解析】句意:这个事件引起了新闻界的兴趣。数家报社的记者前来采访他。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的过去式。Purchase购买,贏得; produ

2、ce生产;制造;生长; provoke激怒,煽动,引起; process加工,处理;审阅,审核。故C符合句意。2.单选题The evidence showed that the hanged man could be（ ）of murder.问题1选项A.ignorantB.innocentC.indecentD.tolerant【答案】B【解析】句意:证据表明那个被处以绞刑的男人是无罪的。考查形容词辨析。ignorant 无知的，愚昧的;innocent 无辜的，无罪的，无知的;indecent 下流的，不礼貌的;tolerant 宽容的，容忍的，有耐药力的。be innocent of 没

3、有的,无罪的。3.单选题I usually let my children make their own decisions, now that they have grown up, I wouldnt（ ）to interfere.问题1选项A.assumeB.consumeC.resumeD.presume【答案】D【解析】句意:我经常让孩子们自己拿主意，既然他们已经长大，那么我就不会擅自进行干涉。考查动词辨析。assume 采取，承担，假设，想当然;consume 消耗，消费；resume重新开始，继续；presume假定，推测，擅自。因此D符合句意。4.单选题If we（ ）our

4、relations with that country, well have to find another supplier of raw materials.问题1选项A.diffuseB.diminishC.terminateD.preclude【答案】C【解析】句意:如果我们终止与那个国家的关系，那么我们将必须找到另一个原材料供应商。考查动词辨析。diffuse传播，普及，使分散;diminish使减少，使变小; terminate 使终止，使结束，解雇;preclude 排除，妨碍，阻止。根据后半句句意可知C符合句意。5.单选题There are only ten apples le

5、ft in the baskets,（ ）the spoilt ones.问题1选项A.not countingB.not to countC.dont countD.having not counted【答案】A【解析】句意:不算上坏了的苹果，这个篮子里只剩下10个苹果了。语法题。考查现在分词做伴随状语。句子前半句已经完整,所以后半句用了count的现在分词形式做伴随状语。6.单选题A great amount of work lias gone into（ ）the Cathedral to its previous splendor.问题1选项A.refreshingB.restorin

6、gC.renovatingD.renewing【答案】B【解析】句意:大量的工作已经投入,为了使这个大教堂恢复到其以前的华丽。考查动词辨析。四个选项均为对应动词的现在分词形式。refresh 更新，使精力恢复，使得到补充；restore 恢复，修复；restore to使恢复到；renovate 更新，修复，革新，刷新；renew 使更新，续借，复兴。由题干中关键词“to its previous splendor到其以前的华丽”可知B项正确。7.单选题The machine might work if we（ ）it very carefully.问题1选项A.obtainB.operate

7、C.opposeD.object【答案】B【解析】句意:如果我们非常小心地操作这台机器,那么它可能会运转。考查动词辨析。obtain (尤指经努力)获得,赢得,存在;operate 运转,工作,操作,控制,使运行;oppose 反对,对抗;object 反对,拒绝。空格处动词的宾语为it,即指代前面的machine(机器),因此B符合句意。8.单选题Just remember one thing that（ ）decisions often lead to bitter regrets.问题1选项A.hastyB.promptC.urgentD.instant【答案】A【解析】句意:请只需记住

8、一件事，即轻率的决定经常导致痛苦的遗憾。考查形容词辨析。hasty匆忙的，仓促而就的，草率的；prompt 敏捷的，迅速的，立刻的;urgent 紧急的，急迫的；instant 立即的，紧急的，紧迫的。因此A符合句意。9.单选题The new miracle of the medical world is the stem cell, a marvel of human nature in that it can become any of nearly 220 cell types that constitute the human body. It is often called a bl

9、ank cell that can be programmed to become other cells. Researchers predict that, by using stem cells, they can create organs that can be transplanted into people who desperately need them to save their lives. The most common source of stem cells is the human embryo, the initial stage of human life a

10、fter a female egg is impregnated by a male sperm. In this very fact lies an ethical conundrum that has rocked both the medical and political landscape of the United States and other countries. Coupled with this is new research in cloning, which has seen some success in developing animal species with

11、out the use of normal birthing procedures. All of these areas of research are making quite a few people nervous about both the sources of stem cells and where the research is taking mankind.Most stem cell-containing embryos come from four different sources: fertility clinics which often store more h

12、uman embryos than are needed; fetuses from unwanted pregnancies that are aborted; therapeutic cloning, which is when a human egg is stimulated into an embryo-like state; and custom-fertilization in which a human egg is deliberately fertilized with sperm to create an embryo in order to harvest its st

13、em cells. Morally many people are outraged by these sources, claiming that human life is not something that should be tampered with and created just for scientific and medical purposes. At the core of this debate is the issue of what really constitutes a human being, with one side claiming a human d

14、oes not exist until born from its mother while the other side claims that once egg and sperm meet, life has begun.The United States government has taken an active role in the debate and is consciously looking at the voting booth while making decisions regarding stem cell research. The government gav

15、e the go-ahead for federal spending on stem cell research but limited activity to specimens that already existed, meaning no new embryos could be created solely for stem cell research. Similar laws regarding cloning research have been proposed, including therapeutic cloning. Many universities and re

16、search centers worry that these laws may cause their best and brightest scientists to seek appointments overseas, where stem cell research is not so controversial.1. According to the first paragraph, a stem cell is unlike other cells because（ ）.2. According to the second paragraph, all of the follow

17、ing are sources of stein cells EXCEPT（ ）.3. According to the second paragraph, the main debate concerning stem cell sources revolves around（ ）.4. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?5.According to the third paragraph,

18、 American universities and research institutes are worried about（ ）.问题1选项A.it has at least 220 different partsB.it can develop into any other cellC.it has been used to cure illnessD.it is at the center of a controversy问题2选项A.artificially impregnated womenB.human eggs that act like they are fertilize

19、dC.embryos made for people who cannot conceiveD.the remains of unwanted babies1. （ ）.问题3选项A.how they are extracted from the sourceB.what the stem cell are used forC.the methods used to produce themD.when someone believes life begins问题4选项A.The United States government is involved in the debate on ste

20、m cells only because it is worried about the voters.B.The voters are making the United States government worried about its position on stem cell research.C.The issue of stem cell research is one that United States voters are concerned aboutD.The United States governments decisions on stem cell resea

21、rch reflect what its voting public wants.2. （ ）.问题5选项A.not getting enough funds for stem cell researchB.losing people for better opportunities elsewhereC.having the government shut down their operationsD.having to find new sources of stem cells【答案】第1题:B第2题:A第3题:D第4题:D第5题:B【解析】1.细节事实题。第一段指出: The new

22、miracle of the medical world is the stem cell, a marvel of human nature in that it can become any of nearly 220 cell types that constitute the human body(医学界的新奇迹是干细胞。令人惊叹的是，它可以成为构成人体的近220种细胞中的任何一种),故选B“它能发展成任何其它的细胞”。2.细节事实题。题干问:根据第二段,以下哪项不是干细胞的来源。A:人工怀孕的女性,B:类似于已受精状的人类卵子,C:为不孕的人所做的胚胎,D:意外怀孕产出的婴儿的遗体。

23、根据题干定位至第二段: Most stem cell-containing embryos come from fourdifferent sources: fertility clinics which often store more human embryos than are needed; fetuses from unwanted pregnancies that are aborted; therapeutic cloning, which is when a human egg is stimulated into an embryo-like state; and custo

24、m-fertilization in which a human egg is deliberately fertilized with sperm to create an embryo in order to harvest its stem cells(大多数包含干细胞的胚胎来自四个不同的来源：经常储存有多余人类胚胎的产科；因意外怀孕而被流产的胎儿； 治疗性克隆（即人类卵子被刺激成胚胎状）和特定的受精（即人类卵子被故意地与精子受精来创造一个胚胎，以便获取其干细胞）),因此只有A未被提及。故选A。3.细节事实题。第二段指出: At the core of this debate is th

25、e issue of what really constitutes a human being, with one side claiming a human does not exist until born from its mother while the other side claims that once egg and sperm meet, life has begun(这场争论的中心是什么真正地构成了人类，一方的人宣称直到从母亲身体生出来之后，人才真正存在，然而另一方的人却宣称一旦卵子和精子结合生命就开始了)。故选D“人们认为生命是从何吋开始”。4.判断推理题。最后一段划线

26、句句意为:美国政府己积极参与这场争论，在做有关干细胞研究的决定吋正有意识地看着投票站。由此可知D项“美国政府有关干细胞研究的决定反映出其投票的公众的需求”正确。5.细节事实题。最后一段指出: Many universities and research centers worry that these laws may cause their best and brightest scientists to seek appointments overseas, where stem cell research is not so controversial(很多大学和研究中心担心，这些法律可

27、能导致它们优秀和最杰出的科学家们前往干细胞研究没有如此有争议的海外寻求职位)。由此可知B“因海外更好的机会而流失人才”正确。10.单选题The government has devoted a larger slice of its national（ ）to agriculture than most other countries.问题1选项A.resourcesB.potentialC.budgetD.economy【答案】C【解析】句意:相比大多数其它国家，这个政府将其较大部分的预算用于农业发展。考查名词辨析。resources 资源，财力，才智;potential 潜能，可能性，电势

28、；budget预算，预算费；economy经济，节约。因此C符合 。11.单选题（ ）the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.问题1选项A.WhileB.Even thoughC.Now thatD.For【答案】C【解析】句意:既然考试的压力结朿了，因此我们都能放松下了。考查短语辨析。while 虽然，然而，当的时候;even though 虽然，即使；now that 既然，由于;for 为了，对于，适合于;因为（这个词在表示原因时一般不放在句首）。分析句意可知前后句子为因果关系。故C符合句意。12.单选题This is

29、not the right（ ）to ask for my help; I am far too busy even to listen.问题1选项A.timeB.opportunityC.chanceD.case【答案】A【解析】句意:这不是向我寻求帮助的恰当吋机，我太忙了，甚至没时间倾听。考查固定搭配。it is the right time to do sth. 是做某事的恰当时机。故选A。13.单选题Its high time we（ ）cutting down the rainforests.问题1选项A.stoppedB.had to stopC.shall stopD.stop【

30、答案】A【解析】句意:是我们停止砍伐热带雨林的吋候了。语法题。考查虚拟语气。its high time （that ）sb. did sth.为固定句式,表示 “是吋候某人该做某事了”,故排除C，D。B项为“必须,不得不”的过去式,而“its high time （that ）sb. did sth.”潜在的含义有“必须”的意思,故排除。因此答案选A。14.单选题Would you please conic and help me with this application form because I dont know how to（ ）it.问题1选项A.set asideB.set u

31、pC.set offD.set about【答案】D【解析】句意:我不知如何开始，所以你能过来帮助我做下这个申请表格不？考查短语辨析。Set aside 留出,驳回,把放在一边;set up建立;set off 出发,引起,使爆炸,抵消；set about 着手,开始做。D符合句意。15.单选题If you want this pain-killer, youll have to ask the doctor for a（ ）.问题1选项A.receiptB.recipeC.subscriptionD.prescription【答案】D【解析】句意:如果你想要这个止疼药，你将不得不向医生要一个

32、药方。考查名词辨析。receipt收据，收条，接收，收到;recipe食谱，秘诀;subscription 捐献，订阅，签署；prescription 药方，指示，惯例。根据前半句句意“如果你想要这个止疼药”可知D符合句意。16.单选题I recommend that the planning（ ）until all the materials have been supplied.问题1选项A.is not startedB.will not be startedC.not be startedD.is not to be started【答案】C【解析】句意:我建议应该在所有的材料己被提供

33、后才启动这个计划。语法题。考查虚拟语气。句子谓语为recommend,表示要求建议,这类动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气: (should) +原形动词，且should 般会省略,故选C。17.单选题While typing Helen has a habit of stopping（ ）to give her long and flowing hair smooth.问题1选项A.occasionallyB.simultaneouslyC.eventuallyD.promptly【答案】A【解析】句意:当Helen打字的时候，她有一个习惯：偶尔停下来平整她飘逸的长发。考查副词辨析。occas

34、ionally 偶尔，有吋候;simultaneously 同吋地；eventually最终；promptly迅速地，敏捷地。根据题干关键词“stop to give(停下来去)”可知A项符合句意。18.单选题Frequent cultural exchange will certainly help（ ）friendly relations between our two universities.问题1选项A.fosterB.harnessC.installD.exhibit【答案】A【解析】句意:频繁的文化交流必将有助于促进我们两所大学之间的友好关系。考查动词辨析。foster 培养,促

35、进;harness 驾驭,利用;install 安装,安顿：exhibit 展览,显示,提出。由题干关键词“friendly relations(友好关系)”可知A符合句意。19.单选题Hard work can（ ）your success in learning a foreign language.问题1选项A.assureB.guaranteeC.warrantD.promise【答案】B【解析】句意:努力工作能保证你在学习一门外语上取得成功。考查动词辨析。Assure 使确信,向保证,弄清,查明; guarantee保证,担保,保障; warrant使有必要,使正当; promise

36、 许诺,承诺,答应。因此B符合句意。20.单选题Very few people could understand the lecture delivered by the professor because its subject was very（ ）.问题1选项A.intriguingB.indefiniteC.obscureD.dubious【答案】C【解析】句意:几乎没有人能听懂教授的讲座，因为其主题很晦涩难懂。考查形容词辨析。intriguing 有趣的，引人入胜的，神秘的；indefinite无期限的，不明确的，表示因定义不明确而引起理解上的模糊；obscure 不淸楚的，模糊的，

37、晦涩的，强调费解；dubious 可疑的，含糊的，强调因可疑而引起的不确定。根据前半句句意“几乎没有人能听懂教授的讲座”可知C正确。21.单选题The TV program is so（ ）that I cant move my eyes away from the screen.问题1选项A.freestandingB.devastatingC.compellingD.fascinating【答案】D【解析】句意:这个电视节目如此吸引人,以至于我眼睛不能从屏幕上移开。考查形容词辨析。freestanding 独立式的;devastating 毁灭性的;compelling 引人注目的,强制的

38、,激发兴趣的;fascinating 迷人的,吸引人的,使人祌魂颠倒的。由后半句句意可知D正确。22.单选题There is a strong（ ）that the matter will soon be settled.问题1选项A.livelihoodB.likelihoodC.singlehoodD.manhood【答案】B【解析】句意:那个事情很有可能将会很快被解决。考查名词辨析。livelihood 生计,生活;likelihood 可能性,可能; singlehood 单身,未婚;manhood 成年,男子,男子气概。故B符合句意。23.单选题Many companies are（

39、 ）to invest in nanotechnology research, fearing the exposure to legal action that could result if one day a technology is deemed dangerous.问题1选项A.hesitantB.constantC.luxuriantD.coherent【答案】A【解析】句意:许多公司对投资纳米技术研究犹豫不决，担心有朝一日某项技术被认为是危险的，可能会受到法律诉讼。考查形容词辨析。hesitant 犹豫的，畴躇的;constant 不变的，恒定的，经常的;luxuriant 繁

40、茂的，丰富的，奢华的，肥沃的；coherent 连贯的，一致的，凝聚性的，粘在一起的。故A符合句意。24.单选题Do you regret paying fifty dollars for the dog?” “No, I would gladly pay（ ）for him.”问题1选项A.as much twiceB.twice so muchC.much twiceD.twice as much【答案】D【解析】句意:你后悔为这条狗支付50美元不？ ”。“不，我乐意为了他支付双倍”。语法题。考查倍数的表达。倍数的固定表达方式: 倍数+as+形容词或副词+（as+另一比较对象）,前文己交代

41、另一比较对象的情况下，括号中的部分可省略来避免重复,因此D正确。25.单选题So far, the government of that country lias done（ ）nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.问题1选项A.perceptiblyB.vitallyC.practicallyD.identically【答案】C【解析】句意:到目前为止，那个国家的政府事实上没有做任何事情去应对核事故胁。考查副词辨析。perceptibly显然地，看得出地；vitally 紧要地，生死攸关地；practically 几乎，事实上；i

42、dentically 同一地，相等地。因此C符合句意。26.单选题As a junior assistant manager, he had been selected for（ ）.问题1选项A.interruptionB.promotionC.considerationD.intuition【答案】B【解析】句意:作为一个年轻的副经理,他已被选中为提拔对象。考查名词辨析。Interruption 中断时间,打扰,插嘴; promotion 提升,提拔,晋升; consideration仔细考虑,深思,斟酌; intuition直觉力,(一种)直觉。故B符合句意。27.单选题One of t

43、he most influential literary figures of the twentieth century was American authorGertrude Stein. Her literary style and vision was often a radical departure from traditional methods, which relied on a more linear plotline. Instead, Stein focused on language itself by employing methods of repetition

44、and spontaneity in an attempt to mirror human consciousness. But, Steins influence did not stop with her writing. As an expatriate in Paris, she was responsible for bring some of the greatest minds in ai t and literature together at her apartment, Salon 27. The Spanish painter Pablo Picasso and Amer

45、ican writer Ernest Hemingway were two frequent visitors. Indeed, Stein was the one who coined the phrase “Lost Generation” to denote up-and-coming American writers living in Paris at the time mainly due to their disillusionment with art as a whole back home. While Gertrude Stein may not be the most

46、recognizable figure in literature, her personal and literary influence on artists was invaluable.Stein began living in Paris in 1903. Eventually, her flat. Salon 27. became a center of intellectual exchange for writers and artists. Before long, she became an integral part of the artistic and literar

47、y scene in the city and befriended numerous important figures, such as Picasso and Matisse. They would meet there weekly, where they could expound on new theories of art, philosophy, literature, politics, and social issues in the stimulating, productive environment provided by Stein. Without Steins

48、Salon 27, it is quite possible that many of the artists and writers of the day never would have crossed paths, and the individual disciplines would not have become as diverse or fully developed as they eventually did. These interactions also became a major inlluence on Steins own literary style.Stei

49、n became enamored with Picassos cubist style, and, as a result, many of his earliest works adorned the walls of her apartment. But they were not simply decorative. Cubism attempts to reduce the subject from its natural form into an abstract, geometrical shape capable of numerous angles of perception

50、. In a similar fashion, Stein attempted to interpret cubism through literature and writing. Like cubist painters, Stein wrote in a style that took into consideration every possible angle of her subject matter. She wanted to give readers the opportunity to view her work on many different levels, not

51、just a single, flat surface. But, unlike the cubists vho relied on formal structure to some degree，Stein took it a step further and placed less emphasis on formal writing structures such as grammar and syntax and focused more on what she called “automatic” language, which was spontaneous and repetit

52、ive and relied more on the spoken word.In many ways, Steins writing mirrors the chaotic, detached atmosphere of post-World War I Paris, yet it also marks the moment when literature began to leave the nineteenth century behind in favor of a more modernist style of imagination and innovation. It is al

53、so a clear precursor of stream of consciousness, which dominated writing styles during the rest of the twentieth century in America. While Stein was able to capitalize on artistic renditions of life and translate them into literature, other artists benefited from her willingness to reject the accept

54、ed traditions and create her own. For instance, Hemingways style in many of his early novels is clearly influenced by Stein.1. The authors description of Gertrude Stein mentions which of the following?2. The author discusses “Salon 27” in the second paragraph in order to（ ）.3. According to the third

55、 paragraph, Stein followed the cubist style because（ ）.4.Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the underlined sentence in the third paragraph?5. According to the last paragraph, Steins style is a product of the era because（ ）.问题1选项A.She was originally from Paris an

56、d later moved to the U.S.B.Her writing style was centered on a structured plotline.C.She attempted to focus on the linguistic side of writingD.Her work was quite controversial due to its extreme nature问题2选项A.illustrate its relevance as a place of artistic interaction of the timeB.note it is where th

57、e painters Matisse and Picasso first met one anotherC.indicate it was an inadequate place for such great minds to mingleD.show that artists of the day lacked a meeting place at which to gather问题3选项A.it focused on the geometric forms inherent in most subject matterB.it gave her a way to present her r

58、eader with various perspectivesC.it was the simplest form with which to interpret and understand her workD.it shunned the secondary parts in favor of the major parts of art问题4选项A.The spontaneity of automatic language, rather than the grammar and syntax stressed formal writing structures, was central

59、 to Steins work.B.The structure of Steins work, in terms of its emphasis on formal writing structures and automatic language, followed the structure of the cubists to some degree.C.The repetition of grammar and syntax made Steins writing more unique than that of the cubists, who focused on automatic

60、 language in their works.D.The formality of Stein, due in part to its emphasis on grammar and syntax, was much greater than that of the cubist artists.问题5选项A.it translates the sentiment of Europeans during a time of reconstructingB.it is more imaginative and innovative than anything the world had se