语法大全直接引语变间接引语的用法(经典版)

1、直接引语变间接引语的用法一、如何变人称;下面有一句顺口溜“一随主。二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，假如从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句中的人称要依照主句中主语的人称变化如：Shesaid.Mybrotherwantstogowithme.Shesaidherbrotherwantedtogowithher.“二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称。或被第二人你所修饰。从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。假如引号外的主句没有宾语。也可以用第一人称，如：HesaidtoKate.Howisyoursisternow?Hea

2、skedKatehowhersister。wasthen“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时。假如从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化如：Mr.Smithsaid:Jackisagoodworker。Mr.SmithsaidJackwasagoodworker。二、如何变时态：直接引语在改为间接引语时、时态需要做相应的调整。此刻时它需改为过去时态；过去时态改为达成时；过去达成时则保存原来的时态。如：1)Shesaid.Ihavelostapen.Shesaidshehadlostapen.2)Shesaid.Wehopeso.Shesaidtheyho

3、pedso.Shesaid.Hewillgotoseehisfriend。Shesaidhewouldgotoseehisfriend。但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。直接引语是客观真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth,theteachertoldme.Theteachertoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesunandthemoonmovesaroundtheearth。直接引语是过去进行时，时态不变。如：Jacksaid.“John,wherewereyou

4、goingwhenImetyouinthestreet?”JackaskedJohnwherehewasgoingwhenhemethiminthestreet。直接引语中有详细的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。如：XiaoWangsaid.IwasbornonApril20,1980。XiaoWangsaidhewasbornonApril20,1980。直接引语假如是一般此刻时。表示一种频频出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。如：Hesaid,Igetupatsixeverymorning。Hesaidhegetsupatsixeverymorning。假如直接

5、引语中的神态动词没有过去时的形式（例：oughtto，hadbetter,usedto)和已经是过去时的形式时，（例：could,should,would,might）不再变。如：Petersaid.Youhadbettercomehavetoday。PetersaidIhadbettergotherethatday。三、如何变状语：精选直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规则，时间状语由“此刻”改为“原来”（例：now变为then,yesterday变为thedaybefore）地址状语，特别表示方向性的，或用指示代词修饰的状语，由“此”改为“彼”（例：this改为that),如：Hesai

6、d,Thesebooksaremine.Hesaidthosebookswerehis.四、如何变句型：直接引语假如是陈说句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。如：Shesaid,Ourbuswillarriveinfiveminutes.Shesaidthattheirbuswouldarriveinfiveminutes.直接引语假如是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句.如：Hesaid,Canyouswim,John?HeaskedJohnifhecouldswim.Youhavefinishedthehomework,haven

7、tyou?mymotherasked.MymotheraskedmewhetherIhadfinishedthehomework.Doyougotoschoolbybusorbybike?HeaskedmeifIwenttoschoolbybybusorbike.直接引语假如是特别问句，间接引语应当改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必定用陈说句语序）。Sheaskedme,Whendotheyhavetheirdinner?Sheaskedmewhentheyhadtheirdinner.直接引语假如是祈使句，间接引语应改为tell(ask,order,beg等)sb.(not)

8、todosth.句型。如：Dontmakeanynoise,shesaidtothechildren.Shetold(ordered)thechildrennottomakeanynoise.Bringmeacupoftea,please,saidshe.Sheaskedhimtobringheracupoftea.直接引语假如是以“Let开s”的祈使句，变为间接引语时，平常用头“suggest动+句词（或从句）。”如：Hesaid,Letsgotothefilm.gestedgoingHesugtothefilm.或Hesuggestedthattheyshouldgotoseethefil

9、m.引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出人家的原话，这叫做直接引语；一是用自己的话把人家的话转述出来，这叫做间接引语。比方：Johnsaid,ImgoingtoLondonwithmyfather.约翰说：我要和父亲到伦敦去。（引号内是直接引语）JohnsaidthathewasgoingtoLondonwithhisfather.约翰说，他要和他父亲去伦敦。（宾语从句是间接引语）由直接引语变为间接引语，分以下情况：1、直接引语是陈说句时间接引语为that引导的宾语从句（口语中that能够省略），主句的引述动词主要有say,tell,repeat,explain,think等。Hesaid

10、,YouareyoungerthanI.”Hesaid(that)Iwasyoungerthanhim.精选2、直接引语是疑问句时间接引语为陈说语序：主句的谓语动词say改为ask,或改为wonder,donotknow,wanttoknow,benotsure,bepuzzled等。（1）一般疑问句或反意疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句。Shesaid,Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspapers?Sheaskedmeif(或whether)Ioftenwenttheretoreadnewspapers.Sheaskedme,Youhaveseenthe

11、film,haventyou?Sheaskedmewhether(或if)Ihadseenthefilm.（2）选择疑问句变为whether.or宾语从句。Iaskedhim,Willyoustayathomeorgotoafilmtonight?Iaskedhimwhetherhewouldstayathomeorgotoafilmthatnight.(3)特别疑问句变为由原来的疑问词引导的宾语从句。Heasked,Wheredoyoulive?HeaskedmewhereIlived.3、直接引语是祈使句时间接引语为不定式，作ask,tell,beg,order,warn,advise等动

12、词的宾语补足语（dont变为not）.Theteachersaidtotheboy,Openthewindow.Theteachertoldtheboytoopenthewindow.Hisfathersaidtohim,“Dontleavethedooropen.”Hisfathertoldhimnottoleavethedooropen.注意（1）有些表示建议、建议、劝告或要求的祈使句，能够用suggest,insist等动词加以转述。比方：Hesaid,Letsgotothetheatre.Hesuggested(our)goingtothetheatre.或Hesuggestedtha

13、twe(should)gotothetheatre.(2)Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?heasked.Heaskedmetoopenthewindow.Whydontyoutakeawalkaftersupper?heasked.headvisedmetotakeawalkaftersupper.Shallwelistentothemusic?heasked.Hesuggestedlisteningtothemusic.4、直接引语是痛惜句时间接引语为what或how引导，也能够用that引导。Shesaid,Whatalovelydayitis!Shesaidw

14、hatalovelydayitwas.或Shesaidthatitwasalovelyday.5、假如主句谓语动词为各样此刻时或一般将来时，则间接引语中的动词仍保持直接引语原来时态。假如主句谓语动词为过去时，间接引语中的动词时态按以下变化：精选1）一般此刻时变为一般过去时2）此刻进行时变为过去进行时3）一般将来时变为过去将来时4）此刻达成时变为过去达成时5）一般过去时变为过去达成时6）过去达成时不变，仍为过去达成时注意（1）假如直接引语是表示客观真理时，变为间接引语，一般此刻时不改为一般过去时。如：TheteachersaidTheearthgoesroundthesun.Theteacher

15、saidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.（2）假如直接引语中有明确表示过时间的状语，变为间接引语时，一般过去时不改为过去达成时。如：Hesaidtome,Iwasbornin1973.Hetoldmethathewasbornin1973.(3)假如直接引语所述事实在当时和当前同样见效，变为间接宾语时，一般此刻时不改为一般过去时。如：Hesaid,Imaboy,notagirl.Hesaidthatheisaboy,notagirl.(4)假如直接引语中的谓语动词表示一种频频出现或习惯动作，在变为间接引时，一般此刻时不改为一般过去时。如：Thegirlsaid,Iget

16、upatsixeverymorning.Thegirlsaidthatshegetsupatsixeverymorning.(5)假如直接引语中含有since,when,while引导的表示过去时间的状语从句，在变为间接引语时，只改变主句中的谓语动词，从句的一般过去时则不变。如：Hesaidtome,IhavetaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.HetoldmethathehadtaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.(6)假如直接引语中含有神态动词must,need,hadbetter以及神态动词的过去式could,might,should,would

17、,在变为间接引语时，这些神态动词没有时态的改变。比方：Theteachersaidtome.Youmustpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.TheteachertoldmethatImust(haveto)paymoreattentiontomypronunciation.Hesaid,IcouldswimwhenIwasonlysix.Hesaidthathecouldswimwhenhewasonlysix.6.代词等一般地应作用相应的变化。指示代词this-thatthese-those表示时间的词now-then精选today-thatdaythi

18、sweek(month,etc)-thatweek(month,etc)yesterday-thedaybeforelastweek(month)-theweek(month)beforethreedays(ayear)ago-threedays(ayear)beforetomorrow-thenext(following)daynextweek(month)-thenext(following)week(month)表地址的词here-there动词bring-takecomego直接引语变间接引语的用法及解说定义：直接引语：直接引用别人的原话，并在原话前后加引号。例：Hesaid:Itis

19、toolate.间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话，多半以宾语从句的形式构成。例：Hesaiditwastoolate.直接引语与间接引语相互转变时应注意的问题第一：人称的变化。主语为第一人称的直接引语，变间接引语时，人称要做相应调整。比方：直接引语Shesaid:Iamhungry.间接引语Shesaidshewashungry.直接引语Mumsaidtome:Youmustcleanyourbedroombyyourself.间接引语MumtoldmethatIhadtocleanmybedroombymyself.第二：时态变化直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。其规律

20、以以以下图。注意：1.直接引语为客观真理时，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般此刻时。比方：Teachertoldus:Themoonmovesroundtheearth.Teachertoldusthemoonmovesroundtheearth.2.直接引语为一般过去时并且与详细时间状语连用时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。比方：Shesaid:IwenttoEnglandin1998.ShesaidshewenttoEnglandin1998.3.主句为一般此刻时或一般将来时的时候，间接引语时态不变。Hesays:Iboughtyouabookyesterday.Hesaysthatheboughtmeabookyesterday.第三：指示代词、时间状语、地址状语和动词的变化。第四：句式上的变化精选1.陈说句变间接引语时，用tha