新世纪大学英语综合教程3课后翻译答案

1、Unit1FriendshipTranslation.以共同兴趣为基础的友谊是不容易破裂的。(ground；breakup)Thefriendshipgroundedoncommon/sharedinterestdoesnotbreakupeasily./Itisnoteasyforthefriendshipgroundedoncommon/sharedinteresttobreakup.孩子们必须学会将电脑游戏中的暴力与勇敢区分开来。(distinguishbetween；violence)Childrenmustlearntodistinguishbetweenviolenceandbra

2、very/courageincomputergames.当今世界每天涌现如此多新鲜事物，要求一个人什么都知晓是不合情理的。(sensible)Therespringupsomanynewthingseverydayintheworldthatitisnolongersensibletoexpectapersontoknow/keeptrackofeverything.诸如背弃朋友(betrayaltofriends)这类事并不受法律制约，所以才有了我们称作的“道德法庭”。(regulate)Lawsdonoregulatesuchthingsasbetrayaltofriends;thatis

3、whythereiswhatwecall/iscalled“thecourtofmorality”.有人把今天的文化描述为“快餐文化”。无论做什么事，人们只是追求用最短时间达到最大的满足。(describeas；pursue)Todayscultureisdescribedas“fast-foodculture”.Whatevertheymaybe/aredoing,peoplejustpursuethegreatest/maximumsatisfactionwithintheshortesttime.常言说，天下没有免费的午餐。如果你想要什么，就得去挣。(asthesayinggoes)As

4、thesayinggoes,thereisnosuchthingasafreelunch.Ifyouwantsomething,goandearn/workforit.2.大家普遍承认人是社会性的动物，生活在同一社会的我们自然指望有朋友。至于什么是友谊，人们有各自不同的理解。有些人交朋友是为了彼此有用，一旦失去这个基础，这种友谊也就中止了。但更多的人渴望“心灵之友(soulpals)”，即那种拥有高尚情操，能共度磨难的朋友。这样的友谊使我们远离贪欲、暴力，鼓励我们敢于按照自己的信念说话和做事。这样的友谊才是我们说的“真挚和完美的友谊”。Asiscommonlyacknowledged/Itis

5、commonlyrecognizedthathumansaresocialanimals.Bondedtogetherinacommunity,wenaturallyexpecttohavefriends.Astowhatfriendshipis,peoplehavedifferentnotions/ideas.Somemakefriendsformutualutility.Oncethegroundforsuchfriendshipdisappears,thefriendshipalsobreaksup.However,alotmorepeoplelongfor“soulpals”those

6、whopossessvirtuesandwithwhomwecangothroughtrialsandtribulationstogether.Suchfriendshipskeepusawayfromgreedandviolenceandencourageustohavethecourageofourconvictions.Suchiswhatwecall“trueandperfectfriendship”.Unit2LoveTranslation.无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多。(maximum;minimum)Ineitherfriendshiporlove/I

7、nbothfriendshipandlove,youshouldneverexpecttotake/receivethemaximunwhileyougivetheminimum.我把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人(。buildon；sincerity)Ibuiltallmyhopesonhispromise(s),onlytofindthathewasnotamanofsincerityatall.我们带母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但一切努力都是徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病。(invain)WetookMothertoallthebesthospital

8、swecouldfind,butalloureffortswereinvain;shefailedtosurvivethedisease.情人节(ValentinesDay)是个一年一度在2月14日庆祝的节日，一个向自己心仪的对象表达爱意的好日子。(affection)ValentinesDayisanannualholidaycelebratedonFebruary14,aperfectdaytoexpresslovetotheobjectofyour/onesaffection.在信息时代，通过电子邮件方式跟远方的朋友交流几乎可以是同步的(simultaneous)。(era；via)In

9、theinformationera,communicationswithfar-awayfriendsviae-mailcanbealmost/virtuallysimultaneous.爱情需要时间，因为只有慢慢习惯和学会欣赏对方才会产生出爱情。(growusedto;forget)Lovetakestime,foritisnotforgeduntilyouhavegrownusedtotheotherscompanyandlearnedtoappreciatetheother.2.晚饭后，我们大家围坐在壁炉(hearth)旁，苏珊姨妈还沉浸在失去罗伯特姨父的悲伤之中。她轻声讲起了他两从前的

10、岁月。订婚不久，姨父就去参军了。考虑到当时的严峻形势，许多军人无法生还，你就可以想象当姨父从欧洲战场平安返回时姨妈甭提有多开心了。之后，他们结婚成家，抚育了五个孩子。这么多年来，在共同克服生活的艰辛磨难的过程当中，夫妻间的感情越来越深。我被姨妈的故事深深迷住了，这完全不同于我理想中的爱情。在日常生活中，他们并不追求激情浪漫，而是实践着“付出”和“分享”。令人感慨的是，这样的爱延续了一辈子。Afterdinner,weallsataroundthehearth.AuntSusanwasstillinthegriefoflosingUncleRobert.Inhersoftvoiceshetold

11、usabouttheirpastyears.UncleRobertjoinedthearmyshortlyaftertheyengaged.Giventhecriticalsituationatthetimewhenlotsofarmymendidntreturnalive,youcanimaginehowmuchoverjoyedAuntSusanwastoseeUncleRobertcomebacksafeandsoundfromtheEuropeanbattlefield.Thentheygotmarriedandbroughtupfivechildren.Forallthoseyear

12、s,theiraffectionforeachothergrewstrongerinthecouresofovercomingdifficultiesandhardshipsinlife.IwasfascinatedbyAuntSusansstory,whichwastotallydifferentfrommyidealoflove.Theypracticedgivingandsharingintheirdailylifeinsteadofpursuingpassionandromance.Amazingly,suchlovelastedthroughtheirwholelife.Unit4H

13、ealth他们带着生病的父亲远赴北京，希望能治好他的心脏病。(inthehopeof)TheytooktheirsickfatheronalongjourneytoBeijinginthehopeoffindingacurefor/curingforehisheartdisease/problem.普及艾滋病知识的活动需要继续开展，这个阶段的重点放在这种病的传播途径。(carryon;contract)ThecampaignofKnowingMoreAboutAIDSneedstobecarriedon,andfor/atthisstagetheemphasisisputontheway(ho

14、w)thediseaseiscontracted.权利如果运用得当则百姓安居乐业，运用不当则殃及百姓日常生计(render)Ifpowerisproperlyapplied/used/exercised,thelivesofthecommonpeoplewillberenderedhappy.Ifnot,theirdailylifewillbeplacedunderthreat.政府使用核武器来防御恐怖袭击算是正当袭击吗?(justifiably;guardagainst)Couldagovernmentjustifiablyusenuclearweaponstoguardagainstter

15、roristattacks?由于缺乏对这种病的了解，许多人依然认为HIV受害者都是自作自受。(owingto;ignorance)Owingtoignoranceofthedisease,manypeoplestillbelievethatHIVvictimsdeservewhattheysuffer.新发布的关于改善农村医疗系统的报告让我们相信农村地区缺医少药的时代终将结束。(issue；bringsth.toanend)Thenewlyissuedreportonimprovingthemedicalsysteminruralareasleadsustobelievethattheerai

16、stobebroughttoanendwhensuchareasarealwaysshortofdoctorsandmedicines.2.退休终止了一个人的职业生涯。人们突然发现再也不能继续自己已经干了几十年的工作。有些老人很难适应这个变化，限于忧郁之中，认为自己没用了。的确，友谊已经成为威胁老年人健康的一个主要因素。不过，在中国许多老人仍然为成年儿女服务，如照看孙辈，补贴零用钱等感到自己仍然有用。但问题是老人们是否还应该尝试用其他方式来丰富他们的空闲时间以获得一个更有意义的晚年生活？我建议老人们少操心儿女的生活，给儿女足够的空间让他们负责自己的生活。毕竟老人们为社会和家庭贡献了这么多年，他

17、们应该受到年轻人多方面的尊重，年轻人对年长的父母要更宽容些。Retirementbringspeoplescareertoanend.Theyfind,allofasudden,thattheycannomore/longercarryonthejobtheyhavedonefordozensofyears.Someoldpeoplecannoadaptthemselvestosuchachangeandthusbecomedepressed,believingthattheyarenolongeruseful.Indeed,depressionhasbecomeoneoftheleading

18、threatstooldpeopleshealth.Nonetheless,manyoldpeopleinChinaareabletomaintaintheirsenseofusefulnessbyrenderingtheirgrown-upchildrenservices,suchastakingcareoftheirgrandchildrenandprovidingallowancestothem.Thequestionremainsastowhetherseniorcitizensshouldtryothermenastofilluptheirleisure,renderingtheir

19、lateryearsstillmoremeaningful.Isuggesttheoldconcernthemselveslesswiththeirchildrenandmakeroomforyoungpeopletotakeresponsibiltyfortheirownlives.Afterall,theolddeserverespectfromtheyoungandtheyoungshouldtoleratetheiragedparentsmore,onthegroundsthattheoldhavecontributedsomuchforsomanyyearsbothtotheirfa

20、milyandtosociety.UnitSixInterculturalCommunicationTRANSLATION1.我们中国人会再三地请客人多吃饭桌上的菜，以表明我们好客。(helponeselfto;proof)Asaproofofourhospitality,weChinesewillrepeatedlyaskourgueststohelpthemselvestothedishesonthetable.正是通过倾听人们的谈话和观察他们的举止，我们才加强了了解社会的能力。(bymeansof;capacity)Itisbymeansoflisteningtowhatpeoplesa

21、yandobservinghowtheybehavethatwevestrengthenedourowncapacitytolearnabout/understandsociety.安全感常常来自对环境的熟悉，所以人们对于陌生环境往往会抑制或避开。(familiarity；tendency；resist)Onessenseofsafetycomesfromfamiliaritywiththeenvironment;sopeoplehavethetendencytoresistoravoidnewsituations.我们往往对某地区的人产生偏见甚至敌意(hostility),这是由于我们不熟悉

22、他们。(attribute)Wetendtoshowprejudiceagainstorevenhostilitytowardspeoplefromacertainregion,whichcanbeattributedtothefactthatweareunfamiliarwiththem.我觉得直接拒绝是一种礼貌，而我的父母却很少说“不”以免使对方为难。(decline)Ibelieveitispolitetodeclinedirectly,whilemyparentsseldomsay“No”soasnottoembarrassothers.6知识积累有两种方式：亲身体验和间接体验。能为我

23、们打开不同文化世界的阅读属于间接体验。(buildup;openup)Therearetwomeanstobuildupknowledge:togetitpersonallyorbysecond-handexperience.Reading,whichopensupanewworldofdifferentculturesforus,belongstosecond-handexperience.(2)一旦移居国外，人们会感到焦虑不安，甚至无法处理日常事务。这归咎于他们丧失了原来所熟悉的生活环境。那么我们怎样做才能改变多年形成的生活习惯和模式呢？首先，我们对不同于自己文化背景的人要宽容些。为了克服

24、由于文化冲击而导致的挫折感，我们必须尽快适应新环境，与工作伙伴和睦相处。此外，我们切忌把一个人等同于他所代表的民族，切忌因为讨厌这个人进而讨厌他的文化。其实提倡保护(preserve)本土文化并不是要抵制异国文化。Oncetransplantedabroad,peoplewillfeelanxiousandevenlosethecapacitytodealwithdailyroutines.Thisproblemisattributedtothedisappearanceofthesurroundingswehavebeenusedto.Then,whatshouldwedosoastocha

25、ngethelifestylesandpatternsbuiltupinusoversomanyyears?First,weshouldbemoretoleranttowardspeoplewithculturalbackgroundsdifferentfromours.Togetoverfrustrationscausedbycultureshock,weshouldtrytoadaptourselvestothenewenvironmentandgetalongwithourworkmatesharmoniously.Furthermore,weshouldneveridentifyape

26、rsonwiththenationalityherepresentsorproceedtohatethepersonscultureonlybecausewedontlikehim.Infact,topreserveournationalcultureisnottoresistforeignones.UnitEightManandSociety那些认为自己拥有更多特权的人往往会有优越感。(privilege)Thosewhosupposetheypossessmoreprivilegestendtohavefeelingsofsuperiority.高关税和反倾销(anti-dumping)政

27、策会削弱外国产品在本土市场的竞争力。(undermine)Hightariffsandananti-dumpingpolicywillunderminethecompetitiveedgeoftheforeignproductsinthedomesticmarket.如果各部门能协调好，大家为共同利益而努力，我们一定能成功。(coordinate；pulltogether)Ifallthedepartmentscanbewellcoordinatedandallofuspulltogetherforthecommongood,wearebound/suretosucceed.为了防止盗窃，学校

28、已经制定规章制度，明确规定了大楼看管员的职责。(onguardagainst;regulation)Tobeonguardagainsttheft,theschoolhasissuedregulationsspecifyingthedutiesofthedoorkeepers/guards/janitors.大家都称道良好的举止。因此良好的举止肯定会增强你和他人交朋友的机会。(manners;itfollowsthat;enhance)Goodmannersarealwaysappreciated.Itfollowsthatgoodmannerswillenhanceyourchancesof

29、makingfriendswithotherpeople.不要小看标点符号(punctuationmarks)，有时候误用一个标点符号确实可以改变一句话的意思。(takesth；lightly；literally)Punctuationmarksshouldnotbetakenlightly;sometimestheuseofawrongpunctuationmarkcanliterallychange/alterthemeaningofasentence.(2)在当今社会里，竞争是怎样与合作结合在一起的？首先，供不应求导致了竞争。同一个足球中的球员为获得某个位置而竞争，这个球队与其他球队为获胜而竞争；在工作单位里，同