语法填空解题技巧学案 高考英语一轮复习

1、 语法填词解题技巧一、语法填空考察知识点：动词过去式，时间状语从句引导词，过去分词，形容词副词比较级，动词与动名词的动宾搭配，连词，代词it, 冠词，情态动词表推测，动词短语习惯搭配。二、解题思路：从外观上看，语法填空分为两种考查形式，即横线后有提示词，和横线后无提示词。思路即为密切联系上下文，找出关键词，再考虑语法和词义是否通顺。1.有提示词：动词、名词、形容词和副词。(1)若提示词为动词：a. 若句中没有别的谓语，那么所给动词就是谓语动词，此时考虑时态语态，和主谓一致。 e.g.The machine _ (equip) with security cameras, and looks l

2、ike a mini shop with a grey roof.b. 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就说非谓语动词。（to do; doing; done）e.g.It took years of work _ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water.He suddenly appeared in class one day, _ (wear) sun glasses.I have never seen a more _ (move) film.The headmaster went into the lab

3、, _ (follow) by the foreign guests.(2)若提示词为名词：a.需考虑可数和不可数（可数考虑单复数）；b.名词转化为形容词或副词。e.g.Just be _ (patience).(3)若提示词为形容词/副词：a.形容词修饰名词;副词修饰动词、形容词及整个句子; b.比较级和最高级；c.词性转换(形容词/名词/副词) d.反义词 e.g.Some women are talking to each other _ (happy).Your mistake caused a lot of _ (necessary) work in the office.2. 无提

4、示词: 介词、代词、连词、冠词、情态动词、助动词和（实义动词）。(1)若判断为介词：a.考虑基本意思; b. 固定搭配。(take care of, be proud of, take place in, the reason for等) e.g.The new boy looked at the teacher _ a few seconds.Do not laugh _me.(2) 若判断为代词：a. it作形式主语及形式宾语，或用在固定句型中，并且和可以指天气，时间。_ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she c

5、ouldnt eat MSG.He found_ easy to learn English well. _ is of great importance to respect others.Look at the dark clouds! _is going to rain.b. 若句子缺主语或宾语，一定填代词或名词(多考代词) 。此时注意单复数、男女区别。Raise your leg and let _ stay in the air for seconds.c. 当动作发出者和承受者为同一人或物，则用反身代词(-self/selves)；区别人称代词和物主代词(尤其形容词性物主代词和名词

6、性物主代词)；不定代词，注意other, the others, others, the other, another, either, neither, none, all等。还要注意one, ones, the ones, it, that, those, the one的用法。e.g.The temperature in Changsha is generally higher than _ in Beijing.(3)若判断为连词：连词此处是并列连词和从句连接词的统称。(高频考的连词notbut, eitheror, neithernor, but, though, although,

7、 even if(though),if, in case, unless, because, and, but, or, so, for, now that, since, in that等)a. 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，那可能是并列连词；b.若两个句子之间（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，那可能是并列连词或从句连接词 (名词性从句、状语从句、定语从句)。e.g._ it rained heavily, we decided to start out.The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini _ died

8、 in 1926.but pay a fair price for it; neither too much _too littleHe put on his T-shirt, closed the window _went out.(4)若判断为冠词：a. 定冠词和不定冠词的区别; b. a和an的区别; c. 单数可数名词前一定要有冠词; d.固定搭配。Learning English is never _ easy task to do.(5)若判断为情态动词或助动词：若句子结构完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致时，很可能是情态动词或表强调、倒装的助动词(do, di

9、d, does等)。I _ climb to the top and admired its beautiful scenery.What is acceptable in one country _ be considered extremely rude in another.补：由特殊句式来判断空格处应填的词。It is/wasthat强调结构的形式，可能填it/that。It作形式宾语或主语的句式。由倒装句判断，填构成倒装条件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not until, had等，还是填do, does, did等

10、。_in this way can we solve this problem.so/suchthat句型。This made the goat so jealous _ it began plotting against the donkey.专项练习一 名词1. His _ (curious) made him wonder about clouds.2. Tight jeans and trousers, short skirts and even sensible flat shoes may all cause _ (ill).3. I saw many _ (Japan) seat

11、ed in the corner and reading something.二 代词1. Some people favor the proposal, but _ oppose it.2. He will talk to us about _ he saw in U.S.3. , telling them to help _(them) to hot coffee.4. _is a pity that youve missed such a wonderful lecture.三 介词1. _ time going by, the boy has grown into a strong m

12、an.2. After the earthquake, the injured were taken good care _ in the hospital.3. Hunan province lies _ the south of China.4. His carelessness resulted _ his failure in the exam.四 连词1. _ he was tired, he kept on working.2. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.3. Stand over there

13、 _ you will be able to see it better.4. It has been three years _ I left here.五 形容词/副词1. The Nanjing Road is the _(crowd)street in the city of Shanghai. 2. My room is twice _ (large) than my sisters. 3. She spoke _(loud) to make herself heard.4. The girls parents were very _(thank).5. A good nights

14、sleep may be _( benefit) to maintaining brain health.六 冠词1. Mr. Li will give us _talk. _talk will begin at 8:00.2. This is one of _most interesting films I have ever seen.3. He is in _ charge of the factory. In other words, the factory is in _charge of him.4. I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hour

15、s _day.七 动词实义动词（谓语、非谓语）1. She cant help _(clean) the house because shes busy making a cake.2. If it rains tomorrow, I _(go) to the cinema.3. One afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, _(buy) some bananas and visited her cousin.4. By the time you came back, the lecture _(finish).5. Its the third t

16、ime that I _(visit)your hometown.6. I got home, _(feel) very tired.7. When_(ask) about his private life, the actor was annoyed.8. With my girlfriend _(stand) next to me, I felt safer.情态动词/助动词1. He looks pale. He _be ill.2. You_be too careful while driving.3. Whoever breaks the law _be punished.4. On

17、ly then _I realize the importance of English. 语法填词第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(用不多于3个单词)或括号内的单词的正确形式。Are you facing a situation that looking impossible to fix?In 1969, the pollution is terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61(be)unimaginable that it could be ever

18、be cleaned up. The rive was so polluted that it _62(actual) caught fire and burned. Now year late, this rive is one of_63most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.But river wasnt changed in a few days_64even a few months. It took years of work _65(reduce) industrial pollution and clean the

19、water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_66(clean) than ever.Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit _67 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card use. When you face such imposs

20、ible situation, dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately.While there are_68(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the _69(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be_70(patience)第二节 （共10分；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅

21、读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _61_ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, _62_ some of them looked very anxious and _63_(disappoint).When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place nex

22、t _64_ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike _65_ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _66_(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept _67_(ride). He wa

23、s carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“_68_ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”A woman on the bus shouted,“Oh, dear! Its _69_ (I).”S

24、he pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers _70_(sudden) became friendly to one another.第二节 语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625

25、的相应位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said 16 was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reserva

26、tion six months_17_ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_(tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, 19_ for the week after. I didnt understand 20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 21_ the reservation. Whats worse, the h

27、otel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_(surprise)helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.The next day, my brother and I wen

28、t to the beach 24_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_(sunburn)，but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jonny: Hey! Im just practicing Tai Chi(太极). Would you like to join me?Peter: I know nothing about i

29、t. Is it difficult?Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.Peter: OK. Dont laugh 61 me. I may look funny.Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and 62 (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then b

30、e sure to keep your balance and dont let your body shake.Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become 63 (pain).Jonny: Keep 64 (hold) your position for a while. It helps develop your strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let 65 stay in the air for seconds. Peter: I feel my legs shakin

31、g. I cannot do this any longer.Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi 66 (call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well 67 strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fight back. The 68 (hard) you try to b

32、eat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you!Peter: Unbelievable! Oh., 69 you dont mind, Ill stop and take a deep 70 .第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in t

33、he kitchen. Suddenly, he 16 (find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17 too little.”His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, 18 not sa

34、ve a bit of money?”“That would be a very 19 (reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said.Nicks guests, 20 had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied,“The only reason a man would sell salt

35、21 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22 the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”“But such a small thing couldnt 23 (possible) destroy a village.”“In the beginning, there was only 24 very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always 25 (think) that it was only small and not very important ,and look where we have ended up today.”第二节 语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句