定语从句高考考点例析 新课标 人教

1、定语从句高考考点例析2021/8/8 星期日1定语从句的定义在英语中，如果修饰或限制一个名词或代词的成分是一个从句，这样的从句就叫定语从句。一般说来，在句子起修饰或限制作用的都是由形容词所充当，故，定语从句又称为形容词性从句。 2021/8/8 星期日2相关概念：先行词； 关系词先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（组）。关系词：连接定语从句和主句并在定语中起作用的词，代表被修饰的先行词，在定语从句做一个句子成分。2021/8/8 星期日3指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：I think a good teacher is someone _ is easy going and treat

2、s his students as friends.Beijing is the city _ has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor.I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.Kunming is a beautiful city _ flowers are seen all the year round.I dont know the reason _

3、 many students like Zhou Jielun.thatwhichwhosewhenwherewhy2021/8/8 星期日4关系代词、副词用法一览表关系代、副词所指人或物用法thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhy人或物物人人人或物时间地点原因主语、宾语（可省）主语、宾语（可省）主语、宾语（口语）宾语（可省）定语时间状语地点状语原因状语2021/8/8 星期日5考点一：that和which的不同Is there anything that I can do for you?Notes:先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，al

4、l，anything，nothing，或受其修饰时，要用that .This was one of the most interesting books that were sold in this book store.Notes:当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，要用that. 2021/8/8 星期日6Thats the only thing that we can do now.Notes:先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。They were talking about the persons and things that they

5、 saw in the factory.Notes:先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。Which is the car that was made in Beijing?Notes: 当要避免与疑问词which重复时，用that.2021/8/8 星期日7 Football, which is an interesting game, is played all over the world.Notes:引导非限制性定语从句时，用which Language is the most important tool without which people cant communicate wi

6、th each other.Notes:直接放在介词后做宾语时，用which2021/8/8 星期日8考点二:关系副词的运用1. I will remember the day when I left my hometown for ever.2. I often think of the days that I spent in Shanghai last summer. 3. This is the place where he works.4. This is the place that we visited last month.5. I know the reason why sh

7、e studies so well. 6. This is the reason that he gave to the teacher for being late this morning.2021/8/8 星期日9先行词虽然表时间、地点、原因，但在定语从句中不时充当时间状语、地点状语、原因状语，而是做句子的主语或宾语，使用关系代词that/which引导。使用关系副词必要的两个条件： 先行词表时间、地点、原因 现行词在从句中充当状语2021/8/8 星期日10考点三：介词+关系代词The sun gives us heat and light, without which we cant

8、 live.Notes:介词+which:先行词指物，在定语从句中充当介词宾语，介词提到关系代词前。 e.g.: The students to whom Ms Zhang is giving lessons are lovely and active.Notes:介词+whom:先行词指人，在定语从句中充当介词宾语，介词提到关系代词前。 2021/8/8 星期日11*关系代词前的介词如何确定 Mr. Smith bought a new house on which he spent all his money.Notes: 依据从句中动词的习惯搭配。1949 was the year in

9、 which the P.R.C. was founded.Notes: 依据现行词的习惯搭配。2021/8/8 星期日12*关系代词前的介词如何确定e.g.: The gas without which we can not live is called oxygen.Notes: 依据所表达的意思确定。e.g.: There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.Notes:非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行词的一部分，可用“数词/代词+of+ 关系代词”的结构。2021/8/8 星期日13注

10、意：Is this the book which/that you are looking for ? （ T ） Is this the book for which you are looking ? （ F ）遇固定词组时，介词一般紧跟词组主体，不作前置。 ( 该句中介词for一般不提前，因为look for是固定词组，意为“寻找”，介词for若被提前，单个的look意为“看”，句意不符。)2021/8/8 星期日14Homework:Finish off the exercises.2021/8/8 星期日152021/8/8 星期日162021/8/8 星期日179、静夜四无邻，荒居

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