2021高考英语一轮复习第一编必修5Unit1Greatscientists学案含解析新人教版

1、2021高考英语一轮复习第一编必修5Unit1Greatscientists学案含解析新人教版2021高考英语一轮复习第一编必修5Unit1Greatscientists学案含解析新人教版PAGE 2021高考英语一轮复习第一编必修5Unit1Greatscientists学案含解析新人教版Unit 1Great scientists晨背分钟 填词并背记A Strange DiseaseWhen the construction of the firework factory came to the stage of painting， a pump was put in. Then， all

2、 the painters in the neighbourhood were defeated by a severe disease whose characteristic was alike to that of a bad burn。An expert physician was instructed to attend to the victims and handle this case。 He was enthusiastic,_but he didnt foresee that it was a hard challenge。 After a simple enquiry，_

3、he announced that the polluted paint was to blame。 But without positive evidence， people suspected and rejected his view, saying the theory he put_forward made_no_sense. Being much more strict_with himself， he contributed himself to the case. Apart_from making enquiries, he made detailed charts and

4、analysed the data cautiously. Finally, he drew_a_scientific_conclusion，_linking the disease to the radium in the pump。 Exposed_to radium， a kind of radioactive material in the universe，_people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately。 Spinning the pump backward,_he took away the radium。 This simp

5、le movement cured all the victims。 一种奇怪的疾病当那座烟花工厂的建设到了油漆阶段时，一个水泵被安装进来。接着,附近的油漆工都得了一种严重的疾病（疾病击败油漆工)，其特征与烧伤相似.一位经验丰富的内科医生被指定去照顾受害者并负责处理这一案例。他热情地投入到工作中，但是却没有预见到这是一次艰难的挑战。在简单的询问后，他就宣布说罪魁祸首是受污染的油漆（油漆应受责备）。但是没有确实的证据，人们很怀疑并拒绝他的观点,大家都说他提出的理论毫无道理。他对自己要求更加严格，全身心地投入研究。除了询问,他还制作了详细的图表，谨慎地分析各项数据。最后，他终于得出了一个科学的结论

6、，把疾病和水泵中的镭联系起来。镭是宇宙中的一种放射性物质,当暴露在镭的辐射中时，人体吸收其射线，会立刻染上疾病.他把水泵向后旋转,拿走了里面的镭。这个简单的动作治愈了所有的受害者。1painter （n.） 画家；油漆匠paint （v.) 描绘;涂painting （n.） 油画；绘画2scientific (adj.） 科学的science （n.） 科学scientist (n。） 科学家3challenge （n.) 挑战 （vt。） 向挑战challenging （adj.） 挑战性的4pollute (vt.） 污染；败坏polluted （adj.) 被污染的pollution

7、(n.） 污染5announce （vt。) 宣布;述说announcement (n。) 通知；宣告announcer (n.) 宣告者;广播员6certainty (n.) 确信;确实certain (adj.) 确实的；肯定的certainly (adv。) 确定;肯定7instruct （vt。） 命令；指示;教导instruction (n.) 教导；传授的或获得的知识instructions （pl.） 用法说明；指示；命令8responsible （adj.) 有责任的;负责的responsibility （n.） 责任；负责9construct （vt。) 建设；修建const

8、ruction （n。） 建设；建筑物10cautious （adj。） 小心的；谨慎的caution (n。） 小心;警告11reject （vt。） 拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection （n。） 拒绝；抛弃12look into 调查13lead to 通向；导致14be to blame 应受谴责；应负责任重点知识分钟conclusion n。 结论；结局(P1)(1）单句语法填空Ive come to the _ that hes not the right person for the job.答案：conclusion（2)单句写作最后，我想说我今天玩得非常开心。_， Id li

9、ke to say how much I have enjoyed myself today。她在演讲结束时提醒我们所担负的责任。She _ by reminding us of our responsibility.答案：In conclusionconcluded the speech（1)come_to/arrive_at/reach/draw_a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 总而言之;最后(2）conclude v。 推断决定conclude eq blcrc （avs4alco1(sth。from sth. 从某事中推断出某事,from sth。 tha

10、t . 从某事中推断,出)conclude vi. 断定;决定conclude eq blcrc (avs4alco1(with sth。 以某事结束，by doing sth。 通过做某事结束)）attend vt。 照顾;护理；出席；参加（P2）单句写作你如果提前告诉我的话，我就会去参加你的婚礼了。If you had told me beforehand, I _。首要任务是照顾伤者。The main thing is to _ the injured.我也许会迟到，我有一两件事要处理。I may be lateI have got one or two things _.答案：woul

11、d have attended your weddingattend toto attend toattend school/class/church 上学/上课/去教堂attend a meeting/lecture/wedding/funeral/party 参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/参加葬礼/出席聚会attend to sb。 看护，照料某人attend to 处理(生意或个人事务）；接待（顾客）名师点津attend 侧重“参加之意.attend to 作“处理讲时，与do/deal with 近义；作“照顾”讲时，与take care of， look after 近义。expose

12、 vt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光（P2）(1)单句语法填空Some people think we shouldnt expose children to _ （play) computer games。_ (expose） to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin。If _ （expose） to the outside surroundings, theyll be stronger and better prepared for their future。答案:playingBeing exposedexposed（2)句型转换She has

13、the courage to expose herself to the dangers。She has the courage to _ the dangers.答案：be exposed to（1）expose 。. to 。 使显露；暴露be_exposed_to 暴露于;接触expose sb. to sth。 使某人接触到/体验某物(2)exposed adj. 无保护的；无遮蔽的exposure n. 显露；暴露；揭露；曝光名师点津及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式;在expose 。 to 。. 以及be exposed to结构中,to为介词，其后要用名词、

14、代词或动名词作宾语.absorb vt。 吸收；吸引；专心于(P2）(1）单句语法填空Plants absorb carbon dioxide _ the air and moisture _ the soil.It takes a few minutes to absorb alcohol _ the bloodstream._ （absorb） in his work， he simply forgot to have supper and sleep.答案：from; fromintoAbsorbed(2)单句写作一缕微弱的光线从墙上的小孔中透过来，他专心致志于读书中.A weak ra

15、y of light came in through a small hole in the wall and he _。答案：was absorbed in his reading（1)absorb . from .。. 从中吸收absorb 。 into . 把吸收进be_absorbed_into 被吞并/并入be absorbed in .。 全神贯注于（2）absorbed adj. 全神贯注的absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的名师点津be absorbed in （doing） sth。结构常用其过去分词形式absorbed in .。.在句中作状语、定语。blame vt

16、。 责备；谴责n。 过失；责备（P2)(1）单句语法填空She blamed her husband _ the failure of their marriage。She blamed the failure of their marriage _ her husband.She laid the blame _ the failure of their marriage _ her husband.答案:foronfor; on(2)用blame/charge/accuse的适当形式填空It is obvious that you are to _ for the accident.She

17、 was said to have been _ with drunk driving。I was told that he was _ of murder.答案：blamechargedaccused（1）blame sb。 for (doing） sth. 因(做）某事而责备某人blame sth. on sb。 将某事归咎于某人be_to_blame （for sth。） （对某事)应承担责任;该受责备（2)accept/shoulder/take the blame for .。 对负责；为承担责任put/lay the blame for sth. on sb。 将某事归咎于某人名师

18、点津（1)be to blame为主动形式表示被动意义，因此不能再用被动语态。eq blc rc(avs4alco1（2accuse sb。 of doing sth。，charge sb. with doing sth.）)eq avs4al(控告某人做某事)contribute vt。& vi. 捐献；贡献；捐助(P4)(1）单句语法填空Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make a _ (contribute) to the class.Eve

19、ryone is willing to contribute food and clothes _ the homeless people.答案：contributionto/towards(2）单句写作句式升级他对这所大学贡献如此之大，以至于新图书馆以他的名字命名.a普通表达：_ the new library was named after him。（such . that 。. 状语从句)b高级表达：_ that the new library was named after him. （such .。 that .。. 倒装句）答案：a.He made such a great con

20、tribution to the university thatbSuch a great contribution to the university did he make(1)contribute sth。 to/towards . 向捐献某物contribute to 有助于；导致；为作贡献；为捐款；向投稿（2)contribution n. 捐款；捐献;贡献;投稿make a contribution/contributions to 对作出贡献;为捐款名师点津表示“引起；导致；有助于的词语有contribute to， result in， bring about, lead to

21、, cause等。put forward 提出（建议等)；提名；推荐;将提前;拨快（P1)（1)写出下列句中put forward的含义As for the problem you put forward in your last letter， I think it is a wise choice for you to buy an e.dictionary。_I think he is fit for the position； therefore, Ill put him forward as a candidate._Put your watch forward； its five

22、minutes slow。_They have put forward the date of their wedding by one week._答案：提出推荐拨快将提前(2)用put相关短语的适当形式填空Were trying to _ a few hundred dollars every month toward our vacation.Now the electric fan is not in use。 Lets _ it _.With two good bursts from the extinguisher the fire was _。答案：put asideput; a

23、wayput outapart from 除之外;此外(P4）单句写作不考虑薪水的话,这工作还不错，可以整天开心地和孩子们在一起。_ the salary, its not a bad job, enjoying ourselves with the kids all day。除了打扫庭院和为老人们铺床外，我们还为他们读报纸并且跟他们聊天。_ the yard and making the bed for the old, we also read newspapers for them and had chats with them.他们长得太像了，很难把他们区分开。They are so

24、alike， and its difficult to _。答案：Apart fromApart from cleaningtell them apart（1）apart from具有下列三层含义:相当于as well as/in addition to，指“除之外(还)；此外；加之，强调“另外还有”;相当于aside from，指“除了外”；相当于except for，指“除了外(都）；要不是”，是在对某人或物整体上肯定的同时,特别指出其不足之处.（2）take 。. apart 将拆开tell sb./sth. apart 把某人/某物区分开make sense 有意义；讲得通（P7）单句

25、语法填空Can you make sense _ what this writer is saying?There is no sense in _ (buy) expensive clothes for children， as they soon grow out of them。In no sense _ he realize he had made such a serious mistake。答案：ofbuyingdidmake sense of 。 弄明白make no sense 没有道理；没有意义bring sb。 to sb.s senses 使某人清醒过来in a sens

26、e 从某种意义上来说in no sense 决不（位于句首时句子要用部分倒装结构)common sense 常识a sense of duty/humor/beauty/direction 责任感/幽默感/美感/方向感There is no_sense_in （doing) sth。 (做)某事是没有意义的.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak。（P2）单句写作当第一次看到这张图画时，我们可能觉得滑稽，但之后，我们一定会是羞愧并且生气的。We may feel funny _， b

27、ut after feeling funny we must be ashamed and angry.他们一听到呼救声就冲了出去。They rushed out _ the shout for help。每次一天结束他到家时，我们都在门口迎接他。_ at the end of the day， wed greet him at the door。下次你来北京，一定让我提前知道。_ ， be sure to let me know in advance.答案：the first time we see the picturethe moment they heardEvery time/Whe

28、never he arrived homeNext time you come to Beijing(1）every time作连词引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever，表示“每当”（2)名词词组作连词用而且能引导时间状语从句的还有：each time 每当的时候next time 下次时the序数词time 第次时the瞬间名词（moment/minute/second/instant） 一就Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.(P7)单句语法

29、填空If only it _ (be） possible for me to see her once more。Only an hour ago _ the teacher find out why he was absent。Only the teachers _ （allow) to use the computer room。Only _ you are modest can you make progress.答案：weredidare allowedif（1）“only状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装.但“only主语”位于句首时不用倒装.(2)if o

30、nly “但愿;要是就好了”引导的状语从句使用虚拟语气，表达与现在、将来或过去事实相反的愿望。课文语法填空分钟John Snow was a famous doctor in London, who was so expert that he _1_ （attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician。 But he was famous for _2_ （defeat) “King Cholera。Cholera was a _3_ （dead） disease and neither its cause _4_ its cure was un

31、derstood. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve the problem。 He suspected that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. So when another severe outbreak hit London, he began his enquiry. He found that many victims _5_ （link) to the outbreak were near the water pump，

32、 so he had the handle _6_ (remove）. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He drew _7_ conclusion that the polluted water was _8_ (blame)。The water _9_ (company) were instructed not to expose people _10_ polluted water anymore. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.1_2。_3。_4。_5._6_7。_8._9。_10。_答案：1.

33、attended2。defeating3.deadly4。nor5.linked6。removed7。the8。to panies10.tobe famous for 。.。 因而出名be famous as .。. 作为而出名die v. 死;死亡dead adj. 死的；消失的deadly adj。 致命的；非常的death n. 死亡（人数)neither 。. nor .。. “既不也不连接句中两个相同成分,连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近原则”。随堂检测分钟.单句语法填空 1The reason for shortsightedness is complicated and there

34、 is still no cure _ it.答案：for2The famous film director lost his temper for _ （expose） to so many entertainment reporters and their questions about his private life。答案：being exposed3All the evidence suggests that the problem _ （improve) in recent years。答案：has improved4Im cautious _ what I say because

35、 careless remarks are likely to hurt others feelings.答案：about5Tom announced his resignation _ staff members on Wednesday。答案：to6When deeply _ （absorb） in work， as he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping。答案：absorbed7Last week I got a new job in a big firm， and I found it very _ (cha

36、llenge).答案：challenging8As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine， we must send for an engineer _ (handle) the problem.答案:to handle9He _ （suspect） of stealing the ring at the party last night， and the police were looking into the matter.答案:was suspected10Id like to thank all of you who cont

37、ributed to _ （build) the hospital.答案：building。教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1我的语文老师怀特先生对我要求很严格。（be strict with)_答案：My Chinese teacher Mr White is very strict with me.2他经常提出问题让我在课上回答。（put forward)_答案:He often puts forward questions for me to answer in class。3此外,他还建议我在学完课文后得出自己的结论.（conclusion)_答案：Apart from this, he

38、suggests that I should draw my own conclusions after learning the text.4我从阅读中吸收了很多在课上学不到的知识。(absorb）_答案：I have absorbed much knowledge from reading that I cant learn from textbooks.5每次我遇到困难想放弃的时候，他总是鼓励我不要放弃。（every time)_答案：Every time I want to give up when meeting difficulties, he always encourages me not to.6他经常说:“只有勇敢面对挑战，才能获得成功。”（challenge)_答案:He often says，“Only when you face challenges bravely can you achieve success.”B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案:My Chinese teacher Mr White is very strict with me， and he often puts