高考英语一轮复习分词用法课件

1、分 词现在分词过去分词V-ing (doing)V-ed (done)现在分词的时态和语态一般式：完成式：主动语态被动语态doinghaving donebeing donehaving been done一般式表示分词动作与主句动作同时发生。完成式表示分词动作发生在主句动作之前。 过去分词只有一般式done 表示被动关系、完成的动作或与主句动作同时发生。分词的否定： not + 分词1.作表语2.作定语3.作宾补4.作状语过去分词现在分词分词作表语 1. 分词作表语 The result is surprising. He is surprised. 现在分词作表语：一般表示主动或主语的性质

2、和特征, “令人 ”的意思, 主语多数情况是sth. 过去分词作表语：一般表示被动或说明主语情感心理上的感受, “感到的”,主语多数情况是sb.比较: He was surprised at the result. (即 The result surprised him. ) He was surprising. (即He surprised sb. ) 分词作定语2. 分词作定语 单个的分词作定语一般要前置： boiling water = water which is boiling boiled water = water which has been boiled 小结：现在分词表示正

3、在进行的动作; 过去分词表示已经完成的动作。2) 分词短语作定语要后置： The man standing at the gate is our boss. (= The man who is standing at the gate is) The house built last year is our clinic. (= The house which was built last year is )小结：分词作定语时可以改写成定语从句。注意事项: 1）单个过去分词作定语时也可后置,以示强调。 There are six days left. Please do the exercis

4、es given. 2) 现在分词的一般式或过去分词也可表示状态 (无时间性)。 The house facing south is a shop. = The house which faces south is. Gases sent into the air by factories are harmful to health. = Gases which are sent into the air by factories are 注意事项: 3) 现在分词的一般式被动语态作定语则表示正在 进行,被动关系: The car being repaired is mine. = The c

5、ar which is being repaired is mine. 分词作宾补3. 分词作宾补： We heard them quarrelling in the next room. Ill get my bike repaired. With time going on, his disease is becoming more and more serious. He went out with a book held in his hand. 分词作状语4. 分词作状语 注意分词与逻辑主语之间关系。时间（状语）条件原因结果让步伴随方式4. 分词作状语 1) 表示时间, 也可在其前加

6、while/when等连词: (When) Arriving at the airport, he saw Ann meeting him. ( = When he arrived, ) ( When ) Asked about his family, he made no answer. ( = When he was asked about his family, ) 注意分词与逻辑主语之间关系。4. 分词作状语 2) 表示条件, 也可在其前加if/unless等连词: (If) Finding the child, please call me. ( = If you find the

7、child,) ( If ) Seen in the distance, the village looks more beautiful. ( = If it is seen in the distance, )3) 表示原因： Being ill, he was absent from the meeting. ( = As he was ill, ) Not knowing the way, he had to ask for help. ( As he didnt know the way, ) 4) 表示(意料之中的)结果: The hunter fired, shooting on

8、e of the wolves. 区别: 不定式表示意外的结果 He hurried to the station, only to find the train had left. 5) 表示让步, 也可在其前加上连词even though / although / though / while: (Though) Raining heavily, it cleared up soon. ( = Though it rained heavily, ) (Though ) Told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the kid.

9、 ( = Though he was told of the danger, ) 6) 表示伴随,相当于并列谓语： She sat at the table reading China Daily . ( = and read China Daily. ) Tom stood there, surrounded by lots of kids. ( = and was surrounded by lots of kids. ) 7) 表示方式,可位于句首、句中或句尾： Followed by his wolf dog, the hunter walked in the forest. The

10、hunter , followed by his wolf dog, walked in the forest. The hunter walked in the forest, followed by his wolf dog.1._ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. _ to sunlight for too much time, your skin will be harmed. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being expo

11、sed2. _ such heavy pollution , it may be too late to clean up the river now. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. SufferedAAC3. Finding her car stolen, _. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searching thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman fo

12、r helpD4. _ of danger in the street at night, she had to go home, with a friend _ her. A. Warning, following B. Having warned, following C. Having been warned, following D. Warned, followedC5.The student, if well _ , will pass the examination without much difficulty A. preparing B. prepared C. to pr

13、epare D. ready6. _ a little money , Jane was able to buy her mother a lovely new watch . A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved 7.We saw new houses wherever we went on our visit. A. built B. being built C. building D. to build_8.The boy who was caught _in the exam will be punished by the teac

14、her. A. Cheat B. cheating. C. to cheat D. cheated9.- Good morning. Can I help you? - Id like to have this package_, madam. A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed10. Its very cold. Lets make a fire _ ourselves. A. warm B. to warm C. warming D. warmedBDB11.This is one of the problems _at the meeting at present. A. discussed B. discussing C. to be discussed D. being discussed12.The problem _tomorro