澳洲职业教育与培训体系

1、Australias Vocational Education and Training System澳洲职业(zhy)教育与培训体系Sunday 05 July 2009星期日，2009年7月5日共三十页Ann Goodman, Senior Coordinator Centre for Industry Education and Training Box Hill InstituteVictoriaAustralia安 古德曼，高级协调官澳大利亚维多利亚州博士(bsh)山学院行业教育与培训中心共三十页Contents 目录(ml)1. Overview of VET in Austral

2、ia澳洲职业教育(jioy)与培训概述2. Quality Vocational Education and Training 职业教育与培训质量3. Competency Based Training以能力为本的培训 CBT以能力为本的培训 Training Packages培训包 Employability Skills 就业能力共三十页Australias VET Quality System澳洲职业(zhy)教育与培训质量体系Quality teachers教师素质Quality training environment培训环境质量Quality training materials教

3、学资料的质量Quality systems 质量体系Quality teaching and assessing practices 教学与评估(pn )质量Quality arrangements for clients/students 客户/学生管理质量共三十页Quality Assurance in VET职业教育(jioy)与培训中的质量保证Only Registered Training Organisations may deliver and certify AQF qualifications只有注册过的培训机构可以进行授课和颁发澳洲资格框架内的资格证书/文凭National

4、 system of quality assurance monitored by state government authorities由州政府的主管部门监督国家质量(zhling)保证体系的执行Provides a number of Quality Standards that are auditable提供一系列可审查的质量标准Coverage: student fees; advertising; resources; teaching and learning; sub contracting涉及范围：学生费用, 广告，资源，教学， 和外包合同 共三十页Australias Na

5、tional Quality System for VET澳洲(o zhu)职业教育和培训的国家质量体系Consistent qualifications 统一的资格证书Interface with universities 与大学的衔接Work ready graduates准备好工作的毕业生Credible system-parents and employers 可靠的系统- 家长和雇主( zh)Continuous Improvement 持续不断的改善Industry involvement 行业的参与Internal quality policies and procedures

6、内部质量法规与程序共三十页AQTF Standards澳洲培训质量框架(kun ji)标准Two sets of standards of the Australian Quality Training Framework (AQTF) established common, national benchmarks for all nationally recognised VET programs regardless of the sector in which they are delivered. 澳洲培训质量框架的两组标准为所有国家认可的职业教育和培训课程建立了共同的国家基准(jzh

7、n)，无关该些课程是如何传授的。Standards for Registered Training Organisations 对注册的培训机构建立标准Standards for State and Territory Registering / Course accrediting Bodies 对州与领地注册机构/课程认证机构确立标准共三十页2007 AQTF Standards for RTOs2007年注册培训机构的澳洲培训质量框架(kun ji)标准Standard 1 The RTO provides quality training and assessment across a

8、ll of its operations.标准1 RTO在它被允许的范围内提供有质量的培训与评估Standard 2 The RTO adheres to principles of access and equity and maximises outcomes for its clients.标准2 RTO遵循为客户取得结果最大化的公平原则Standard 3 Management systems are responsive to the needs of clients, staff and stakeholders, and the environment in which the

9、RTO operates.标准3 管理系统是为了满足在注册培训机构的客户、员工和股东(gdng)的需要，以及教学环境运行的需要。共三十页Group Activity小组活动Form a group of 4 or 5. 4或5个人组成一组In your groups, identify the essential requirements for a quality system for the Chinese police and security training.在你的小组中，辨别中国警察与安全培训质量系统中最重要的要求Consider:思考The system, teachers, e

10、nvironment, materials, teaching and assessment practices, arrangements for students为学生安排(npi)的系统，教师，环境，学习材料，教学与评估Be prepared to present this information to the entire group 在小组内演示共三十页Contents 目录(ml)Overview of VET in Australia 澳洲职业教育与培训(pixn)概述2. Quality Vocational Education and Training 职业教育与质量培训3.

11、 Competency Based Training 以能力为本的培训CBT 以能力为本的培训Training Packages 培训包Employability Skills 就业能力共三十页Competency Based Training 以能力(nngl)为本的培训Place emphasis on the application of skills and knowledge 强调重点是在技能与知识的应用Develops the capacity to perform the required skill in the manner expected in the workplace

12、 建立在预想的实际工作环境(hunjng)中能展示所要求技能的能力Has been in use for many years 已经使用了很多年共三十页Comprises the heart of the system 包含了系统的“心脏(xnzng)”部分Common employability, management and IT competencies通用的就业能力，管理与信息技术能力Competency Based System 以能力(nngl)为本的系统共三十页Understanding Competence 对“能力(nngl)”的理解People are considered

13、 to be competent when they are able to apply their knowledge and skills to successfully complete work activities in a range of situations and environments, in accordance with the standard of performance expected in the workplace. 当人们可以在一定情况与环境下，运用他们的知识与技能成功地完成工作，并且与预想的工作环境绩效(j xio)标准一致，那么他们被认为是有能力的。

14、This view of competence: “能力”概述emphasises outcomes 强调结果focuses on what is expected of an employee in the workplace 专注于在工作环境中对员工的预期要求highlights the application of skills and knowledge to workplace tasks 重点是技能与知识在工作中的运用incorporates the ability to transfer and apply skills and knowledge to new situatio

15、ns and environments 具体表现为能力的转化和在新的情况与环境中技能与知识的使用focuses on what people are able to do and the ability to do this in a range of context. 主要是在一定的环境范围内人们可以做什么以及相应的能力共三十页Understanding Competence对“能力(nngl)”的理解Definition of Competence within the national VET system给国家职业教育与培训体系中的“能力”定义“Specification of kno

16、wledge and skill and the application of that knowledge and skill to the standards of performance in the workplace”“达到工作绩效(j xio)标准的知识与技能的详述以及运用”Effective workplace performance requires: 有效的工作绩效要求skills to function effectively 可以有效使用的技能 knowledge and attitude to apply those skills in routine and non-

17、routine situations 在常规和非常规情况下使用技能的知识与态度This knowledge and skill may or may not be directly observable. 这样的知识与技能可以直接或非直接的被观察到。共三十页Defining Competency Based Training (CBT)定义“基于(jy)能力的培训”CBT is based on occupational skill needs defined by industry & expressed as competencies in Industry Training Packag

18、es 以能力为本的培训是在行业定义的职业技能需求和在行业培训包中解释为“能力”的基础上进行的Competencies cover occupational skill requirements, performance level & assessment rules “能力”包括职业技能要求，表现水平和评估规则Major driver is producing employment ready graduates 主要任务是培养能够(nnggu)即时上岗的毕业生Key measure of success is employer confidence in the system成功的关键因素

19、是雇主对该系统的信心共三十页Competency Based Example 以能力(nngl)为本的实例Certificate 2 Public Safety (Police Liaison)公共安全证书2 （警察联络）Competency: Operate communications systems and equipment能力：操作沟通系统与设备This unit covers the competency to transmit and receive communications in routine and operational situations using the or

20、ganisations communication systems and equipment 这个单元包括(boku)了在常规和动态环境下使用沟通系统与设备，进行沟通的传送与接收的能力共三十页Certificate 2 Public Safety (Police Liaison)公共安全证书2 （警察(jn ch)联络）Competency:能力Operate communications systems and equipment 操作沟通系统与设备Use communication systems & equipment使用(shyng)沟通系统与设备Transmit & receive

21、 communications 沟通的传送与接收Maintain communications equipment 沟通设备的维护共三十页Operate communications systems and equipment操作沟通系统(xtng)与设备Use communication systems & equipment 使用沟通系统与设备1.1 Equipment is used and operated safely to support communications consistent with organisations policies 设备的安全(nqun)使用与操作，确

22、保沟通与组织政策的一致性1.2 Communication equipment and techniques are selected to best meet the task, context and needs of the situation 选择合适的沟通设备与技巧来达到工作要求、环境与形势要求1.3 The communication system is correctly utilised to facilitate transmission and reception 沟通系统的正确使用来帮助传送与接收1.4 Communications systems are operati

23、onally maintained according to organisations policies and procedures 根据组织政策和程序来操作沟通系统共三十页Competency Based Assessment Example以能力为本的评估(pn )实例Diploma of Public Safety 公共安全文凭Competency: Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting能力：在法庭或准司法性机关举证This unit covers the competency to prepare evidence,

24、 present evidence and follow up on the outcomes of proceedings. 这个单元包括了证据(zhngj)的准备、提供和对诉讼结果的追踪共三十页Diploma of Public Safety公共安全文凭(wnpng)Competency:能力Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting 在法庭或准司法(sf)性机关举证Prepare for proceedings 诉讼准备Present evidence 证据提供Follow up outcomes of proceeding 诉

25、讼结果的追踪共三十页Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting在法庭或准司法(sf)性机关举证Prepare for proceedings诉讼准备(zhnbi)1.1 Arrangements, role and involvement in proceedings are confirmed 诉讼过程中的准备、角色和参与确认1.2 Documentation and exhibits are prepared in accordance with legislative requirements and organisations

26、 policies and procedures 按照法律要求和组织的政策和程序的要求，进行文件与展示品的准备共三十页Competency Based Assessment 基于(jy)能力的评估How is the assessment decision for competency made? 如何确定“能力”的评估内容 Competent 能力Decision based on prescribed competencies: sound practices 在规定能力基础(jch)上确定：声音练习Training Packages dictate the critical aspect

27、s of assessment and performance criteria 培训包口授评估与绩效标准的重要方面Teacher/assessor capability: industrial experience and sound assessment methodologies 教师/评估员的能力：行业经验和声音评估法共三十页Operate communications systems and equipment操作沟通(gutng)系统与设备Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate com

28、petency in this unit:该单元需要展示的能力(nngl)是评估与举证的重要方面It is essential that competency be demonstrated in accurately transmitting and receiving communications using the organisations communication system and equipment. 在沟通系统和设备使用中，能力传送与接收的准确性很重要Context of and specific resources for assessment :具体评估资源的内容Obs

29、ervation of the use of a range of communication equipment under non-operational and operational conditions or in a simulated environment 在常规与非常规情况下，或模拟环境中，观察一系列沟通设备的使用共三十页Give evidence in judicial or quasi-judicial setting在法庭(ftng)或准司法性机关举证Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to dem

30、onstrate competency in this unit:该单元需要展示的能力是评估与举证的重要方面：All documentation and evidence at handAccurate and articulate presentation of evidence 所有文件与证据的准备以及展示的连续性Context of and specific resources for assessment :具体评估资源的内容(nirng)On the job or in a simulated environment. Written or verbal tests may be u

31、sed as supporting evidence. 工作中或模拟环境中，书面或口头测试将被用作证据支持共三十页Group Activity小组活动Form a group of 4 or 5. 4或5人组成一小组In your groups, choose one work role in the police force and identify the competencies required for that role. 在你的小组中，选择一个(y )在警署的工作角色，并明确这个角色的能力要求Consider the occupational skill requirements

32、and the standard of performance expected in the workplace思考在职场上所需要的职业技能要求和预期的绩效标准Be prepared to present this information to the entire group 在小组内演示共三十页Group Activity小组活动Form a group of 4 or 5. 4或5人组成一个小组Using one of the competencies you have identified, determine what are the critical aspects for assessment.使用你们已辨别的能力之一，决定评估的重要方面Consider how the competency should be demonstrated and what range of conditions, situations and environments must be met for valid assessment思考能力如何证明，在怎样的情况和环境下，才能确保评估的有效性Be