北京历年高考英语试题及答案修订

1、绝密启用前2016年普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时间为120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。1 .Whatdoesthemanwanttoborrow?A.Apencil.B.Aneraser.C.Apen.2 .Whatisthewomandoi

2、ngnow?A.Eating.B.Goinghome.C.Havinggroupstudy.3 .Whatdoesthemanhaveforearthquakepreparation?A.Acandle.B.Aradio.C.Aflashlight.4 .Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inahotel.C.Inastore.5 .Wherewillthemangoforhisholiday?A.Brazil.B.Denmark.C.Greece.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独

3、白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6 .WhendoesthesupermarketcloseonSundays?A.At5:00pm.B.At7:00pm.C.At8:00pm.7 .Whathavethetwospeakersdecidedtodonow?A.Goshopping.B.Takeawalk.C.Havedinner听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8 .Whydoesthemanmakethec

4、all?A.Tomakeabooking.B.Tomakeasuggestion.C.Tomakeanappointment.9 .WhenwillthemanreturnfromLondon?A.OnMarch10.B.OnMarch12.C.OnMarch22.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10 .Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Headmasterandteacher.B.Managerandcustomer.C.Bossandclerk.11 .Onwhichoffollowingdayswillwomanw

5、ork?A.Wednesday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.12 .Howoftenwillthewomanhaveon-the-jobtraining?A.Onceaweek.B.Onceamonth.C.Onceayear.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13 .Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Coursematerials.B. After-schoolactivities.C. Changesinthetimetable.14 .Whatwillthefirstclassbetoday?A.English.B.History.C.

6、Art.15 .WhichgroupwillmeetonFriday?A.Thedebatinggroup.B.Thehandballgroup.C.Themusicgroup.第三节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段对话，完成第16至第20五道小题，每小题仅填写一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。CustomerServiceFormRoomNo.16NameGeorge17PhoneNo.61-293-312097EventBookinga（n）18Leaving:1:20pmfromthehoteltothe

7、MQ19Returning:8:00pmwaiting20theMQandthenbacktohotel第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的ABCD四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It'ssonicetohearfromheragain,welastmemorethanthirtyyearsago.A.What'smoreB.That'stosayC.InotherwordsD.Believeitornot答案是D。21.Jackinthelabwhenthepowerc

8、utoccurred.A.worksB.hasworkedC.wasworkingD.wouldwork22.Ilivenextdoortoacouplechildrenoftenmakealotofnoise.A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which23 .Excuseme,whichmovieareyouwaitingfor?ThenewStarWars.Wehereformorethantwohours.A.waitedB.waitC.wouldbewaitingD.havebeenwaiting24 .Yoursupportisimportanttoourwork.Youc

9、andohelps.A.HoweverB.WhoeverC.WhateverD.Wherever25 .IhalfoftheEnglishnovel,andIlltrytofinishitattheweekend.A.readB.havereadC.amreadingD.willread26.1 teasiertogetintouchwithus,youdbetterkeepthiscardathand.A.MadeB.MakeC.MakingD.Tomake27 .Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,hesinhisnineties.A.aslon

10、gasB.asifC.eventhoughD.incase28 .overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.A.OrderingB.ToorderC.HavingorderedD.Ordered29. Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.why30. Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardontheirlessonsandtheireffortssuccessinthee

11、nd.A.rewardedB.wererewardedC.willrewardD.willberewarded31. Ilovetheweekend,becauseIgetupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.wouldn'tD.shouldn't32. Newly-builtwoodencottageslinethestreet,theoldtownintoadreamland.A.turnB.turningC.toturnD.turned33. Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusi

12、cithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.A.becauseB.beforeC.unlessD.until34. Whydidn'tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyoume,Icouldhavehelped.A.toldB.hadtoldC.weretotellD.wouldtell35. Iamnotafraidoftomorrow,IhaveseenyesterdayandIlovetoday.A.soB.andC.forD.but第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5

13、分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。ARaceAgainstDeathItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNorthAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch36aSickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious（传染的）diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofN

14、omewouldbe37ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38,theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown's39wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn'tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn'ttravelonthe40roads.Jetairplanesa

15、ndbigtrucksdidn'texistyet.41January26,Billyandthreeotherchildrenhaddied.Twemtymorewere42.Nome'stownofficialscameupwitha（n）43.Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby44fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogeled（狗拉雪橇）driversknownas“mushers"would45ittoNomeinarelay（接力）.TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmu

16、sher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.46hehandedthemedicinetothenextmusher,Shannon'sfacewasblackfromtheextremecold.OnJanuary31,amushernamedSeppalahadto47afrozenbodyofwatercalledNortonSound.Itwasthemost48partofthejourney.NortonSoundwascoveredwithice,whichcouldsometim

17、esbreakupwithoutwarning.Ifthathappened,Seppalamightfallintotheicywaterbelow.Hewould_49,andsowouldthesickchildrenofNome.ButSeppalamadeitacross.AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsonwblockedhis_50_Hehadtoleavethetrail（雪橇痕迹）togetaroundthem.Condition

18、sweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto51thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasenlbaddog,Baltoputhisnosetotheground,52tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterforNome.Theminutespassedby.Suddenly,Baltobeganto53.HehadfoungthetrailAt5:30amonFebruary2,Kaasenandhi

19、sdog54inNome.Withinminutes,Dr.Welchhadthemedicine.Hequicklygaveittothesickchildren.Allofthemrecoverd.Nomehadbeen55.36.A.examinedB.warnedC.interviewedD.cured37.A.harmlessB.helplessC.fearlessD.careless38.A.MoreoverB.ThereforeC.OtherwiseD.However39.A.airportB.stationC.harborD.border40.A.narrowB.snowyC.

20、busyD.dirty41.A.FromB.OnC.ByD.After42.A.tiredB.upsetC.paleD.sick43.A.planB.excuseC.messageD.topic44.A.airB.railC.seaD.road45.A.carryB.returnC.mailD.give46.A.ThoughB.SinceC.WhenD.If47.A.enterB.moveC.visitD.cross48.A.shamefulB.boringC.dangerousD.foolish49.A.escapeB.bleedC.swimD.die50.A.memoryB.exitC.w

21、ayD.destination51.A.findB.fixC.passD.change52.A.pretendingB.tryingC.askingD.learning53.A.runB.leaveC.biteD.play54.A.gatheredB.stayedC.campedD.arrived55.A.controlledB.savedC.foundedD.developed第二部分：阅读埋解（共两节,20分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文：从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。December15,2014DearAlfre

22、d,Iwanttotellyouhowimportantyourhelpistomylife.Growingup,IhadpeopletellingmeIwastooslow,though,withanIQof150+at17,Ianythingbutstupid.ThefactwasthatIwasfoundtohaveADHD（注意力缺陷多动障碍）.Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhouratatime.However,whensomethingdidinterestme,Icouldbecomeabsorbed.

23、Inhighschool,Ibecamecuriousaboutthecomputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.Moreover,IcompletedtheseniorcourseofComputerBasics,plusfiverelevantpre-collegecourses.WhileIwasexploringmycuriosity,mydiseasegotworse.Iwantedtogotocollegeafterhighschool,butcouldn't.So,IwaskillingmytimeathomeuntilJune2012whenIdis

24、coveredtheonlinecomputercoursesofyourtrainingcenter.Sincethen,IhavetakencourseslikeDataScienceandAdvancedMathematics.Currently,ImlearningyourProbabilitycourse.Ihavehundredsofprinterpaper,coveredinself-writtennotesfromyourvideo.Thishasgivenmeapurpose.Lastyear,Ispentallmytimelookingforajobwhere,withou

25、tdealingwiththepublic,Icouldworkalone,butstillhaveateamtotalkto.Luckily,IdiscoveredthejobDataAnalystthismonthandhavebeengoingfullsteamahead.IwanttoprovethatIcanteachmyselfarespectfulprofession,withoutgoingtocollege,andbejustasgoodas,ifnotbetterthan,mycompetitors.Thankyou.You'vegivenmehopethatIca

26、nfollowmyheart.Forthefirsttime,IfeelgoodaboutmyselfbecauseI'mdoingsomething,notbecausesomeonetowbsndoinggood.Ifeelwhole.Thisiswhyyouresavingmylife.Yours,Tanis56.whydid'tTanisgotocollegeafterhighschool?A.ShehadlearnedenoughaboutcomputerscienceB.ShehadmoredifficultykeepingfoucesedC.Shepreferre

27、dtakingonlinecoursesD.Shewastooslowtolearn57 .Asfortheworkingenvironment,Tainsprefers.A.workingbyherselfB.dealingwiththepublicC.competingagainstothersD.stayingwithADHDstudents58 .Taniswrotethisletterinorderto.A.explainwhyshewasinterestedinthecomputerB.sharetheideasshehadforherprofessionC.showhowgrat

28、efulshewastothecenterD.describethecoursesshehadtakensofarBSurvivingHurricaneSandy（飓风桑迪）NatalieDoan,14,hasalwaysfeltluckytoliveinRockaway,NewYork.Livingjustafewblocksfromthebeach,Nataliecanseetheoceanandhearthewavefromherhouse."It':thatmakesRockawaysospecial,“shesays.OnOctober29,2012,thatoce

29、anturnedfierce.Thatnight,HurricaneSandyattackedtheEastCoast,andRockawaywashitespeciallyhard.Fortunately,Natalie'sfamilyescapedtoBrooklynshortlybeforethecitysbridgeclosed.WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.ManyofNatalie'sfrieiaotslosttheirhomesandwereliving

30、faraway.Allaroundher,peopleweresuffering,especiallytheelderly.Natalie'schoolwassodamagedthatshehadtotemporarilyattendaschoolinBrooklyn.Inthefollowingfewdays,themenandwomenhelpingRockawayrecoverinspiredNatalie.Volunteerscamewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelp

31、ingothersrebuild.Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrappedinpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.“MymomtellsmethatIcan'tcontrolwhathappenstome,“Nataliesays."butIcanachoosehowIdealwithit.Natalie'schoicewastohelp.Shecreatedawebsitepage,matchingsurvivorsinne

32、edwithdonorswhowantedtohalp.NataliepostedinformationaboutaboynamedPatrick,wholosthisbaseballcardcollectingwhenhishouseburneddown.Withindays,Patrickscollectionwasreplaced.Inthecomingmonths,herwebsitepagehelpedlotsofkids:Christopher,whoreceivedanewbasketball;Charlie,whogotanewkeyboard.Nataliealsoworke

33、dwithotherorganizationstobringmuch-neededsuppliestoRockaway.Hereffortsmadeherafamousperson.LastApril,shewasinvitedtotheWhiteHouseandhonoredasaHurricaneSandyChampionofChange.Today,thescars（创痕）ofdestructionarestillseeninRockaway,buthopeisintheair.Thestreetsareclear,andmanyhomeshavebeenrebuilt."Ic

34、an'imaginelivinganywherebutRockaway,“Nataliedeclares."Myneighlbbehbodk,evenstrongerthanbefore.59 .WhenNataliereturnedtoRockawayafterthehurricane,shefound.A.somefriendshadlosttheirlivesB.herneighborhoodwasdestroyedC.herschoolhadmovedtoBrooklynD.theelderlywerefreefromsuffering60 .Accordingtop

35、aragraph4,whoinspiredNataliemost?A.ThepeoplehelpingRockawayrebuildB.Thepeopletrappedinhigh-risebuildingC.ThevolunteersdonatingmoneytosurvivorsD.Localteenagersbringingclothingtoelderlypeople61 .HowdidNataliehelpthesurvivors?A.ShegavehertoystothekidsB.ShetookcareofyoungerchildrenC.ShecalledontheWhiteH

36、ousetohelpD.Shebuiltaninformationsharingplatform62 .Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.LittlepeoplecanmakeabigdifferenceB.AfriendinneedisafriendindeedC.EastorWest,homeisbest0.TechnologyispowerCCaliforniaCondor'sShockingRecoveryCaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerica'slargestbirds7lwiigitlw（rldljpto3m

37、eters.Inthe1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoning（铅中毒）nearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshocktrainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewildtobebred（繁殖）.Since1992,therehavebeenmultiplereintroductionstothewild,andtherearenowmorethan15

38、0flyingoverCaliforniaandnearbyArizona,UtahandBajainMexico.Electricallineshavebeenkillingthemoff."Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdonseethepowerlines,“saysBruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultinginelectrocution（电死）iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.Soscientistshavecom

39、eupwithashockingidea.Tallpoles,placedinlargetrainingareas,teachthebirdstostayclearofelectricallinesbygivingthemapainfulbutundeadlyelectricshock.Beforethetrainingwasintroduced,66%ofset-freebirdsdiedofelectrocution.Thishasnowdroppedto18%.Leadpoisoninghasprovedmoredifficulttodealwith.Whencondorseatdead

40、bodiesofotheranimalscontaininglead,theyabsorblargequantitiesoflead.Thisaffectstheirnervoussystemsandabilitytoproducebabybirds,andcanleadtokidney（肾）failuresanddeath.SocondorswithhighlevelsofleadaresenttoLosAngelesZoo,wheretheyaretreatedwithcalciumEDTA,achemicalthatremovesleadfromthebloodoverseveralda

41、ys.Thisworkisstartingtopayoff.Theannualdeathrateforadultcondorshasdroppedfrom38%in2000to5.4%in2011.justundereightyears.Rideout'steamthinksthattheCaliforniacondors'averagesurvivaltimeinthewildisnowAlthoughthesemeasuresarenoteffectiveforever,theyarevitalfornow,hesays."Theyaretrulygoodbird

42、sthatarewortheveryeffortweputintorecoveringthem.63.Californiacondorsattractresearchers'interestbecausetheyA.areactiveatnightB.hadtobebredinthewildC.arefoundoninCaliforniaD.almostdiedoutinthe1980s64.Researchershavefoundelectricallinesare.A.blockingcondors'journeyhomeB. bigkillersofCaliforbnia

43、condorasC. restplacesforcondorsatnightD. usedtokeepcondorsaway65.AccordingtoParaghaph5,leadpoisoning.A.makescondorstoonervoustoflyB. haslittleeffectoncondors'kidneysC. canhardlybegottenridoffromcondors'bloodD. makesitdifficultforcondorstoproducebabybirds66.Thepassageshowsthat.A.theaveragesur

44、vivaltimeofcondorsissatisfactoryB.Rideout'sresearcerestliesinelectricengineeringC.theeffortstoprotectcondorsbavebroughtgoodresultsD.researchershavefoundthefinalanswerstotheproblemDWhyCollegeIsNotHomeThecollegeyearsaresupposedtobeatimeforimportantgrowthinautonomy（自主性）andthedevelopmentofadultident

45、ity.However,nowtheyarebecominganextendedperiodofadolescence,duringwhichmanyoftoday'studentsandarenotshoulderedwithadultresponsibilities.Forpreviousgenerations,collegewasadecisivebreakfromparentalcontrol;guidanceandsupportneededtocomefrompeopleofthesameageandfromwithin.Inthepasttwodecades,however

46、,continuedconnectionwithanddependenceonfamily,thankstocellphones,emailandsocialmedia,haveincreasedsignificantly.Someparentsgosofarastohelpwithcoursework.Insteadofpromotingtheideaofcollegeasapassagefromtheshelterofthefamilytoautonomyandadultresponsibility,universitieshavegivenintotheideathattheyshoul

47、dprovidethesameenvironmentasthatofthehome.Toprepareforincreasedautonomyandresponsibility,collegeneedstobeatimeofexplorationandexperimentation.Thisprocessinvolves“tryingon"newwaysofthinkingaboutoneselfbothintellectually（在思维方面）andpersonally.Whileweshouldprovide“safespaces"withincolleges,wemu

48、stalsomakeitsafetoexpressopinionsandchallengemajorityviews.Intellectualgrowthandflexibilityarefosteredbystrictdebateandquestioning.Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequallyimportant.Becauseacollegecommunity（群体）differsfromthefamily,manystudentswillstruggletofindasenseofbelonging.Ifstudentsrelyonadmin

49、istratorstoregulatetheirsocialbehaviorandthinkingpattern,theyarenotfacingthechallengeoffindinganidentitywithinalargerandcomplexcommunity.Moreover,thetendencyforuniversitiestomonitorandshapestudentbehaviorrunsupagainstanothercharacteristicofyoungadults:theresponsetobeingcontrolledbytheirelders.Ifacce

50、ptablesocialbehavioristoostrictlydefined（规定）andcontrolled,theinsensitiveoraggressivebehaviorthatadministratorsareseekingtominimizemayactuallybeencouraged.Itisnotsurprisingthatyoungpeoplearelikelytoburstout,particularlywhentherearereasonstodoso.Ourgenerationoncejoinedhandsandstoodfirmattimesofnationa

51、lemergency.Whatislackingtodayistheconflictbetweenadolescent'sdesireforautonomyandtheirunderstandingofanunsafeworld.Therefore,thereisthedesirefortheirdormstobereplacementhomesandnotplacestoexperienceintellectualgrowth.Everycollegediscussionaboutcommunityvalues,socialclimateandbehaviorshouldinclud

52、erecognitionofthedevelopmentalimportanceofstudentautonomyandself-regulation,ofthenecessarytensionbetweensafetyandself-discovery.67 .What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardcontinuedparentalguidancetocollegestudents?A.SympatheticB.DisapprovingC.SupportiveD.NeutralB.choice68 .Theunderlinedword“passage&

53、quot;inParaghaph2meansA.changeC.text0.extension69 .Accordingtotheanthor,whatroleshouldcollegeplay?A.todevelopasharedidentityamongstudentsB.todefineandregulatestudents'socialbehaviorC.ToprovideasafeworldwithouttensionforstudentsD.Tofosterstudents'intellectualandpersonaldevelopment70 .Whichoft

54、hefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point（次要点）C:Conclusion第二节（共5小题；每小题2分。共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheScienceofRisk-SeekingSometimesWedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthitbecausewhenweweightheriskandthereward,theriskseemsworthtaking.

55、71Someofusenjoyactivitiesthatwouldsurpriseandscaretherestofus.Why?Expertssayitmayhavetodowithhowourbrainswork.Thereasonwhyanyofustakeanyrisksatallmighthavetodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fighting,orexploring.72Asthequalityofrisk-takingwaspassedfromonegenerationtothenext,humansende

56、dupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Sowhyaren'twealljumpingoutofairplanesthen?Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetonekilled.Afewdaringsurvived,though,alongwithafewstay-in-the-cavetypes.Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypesthatstillexiststoday.Somaybeyoulovecarra

57、cing,ormaybeyouhateit.73Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyourwillingnesstotakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.74Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmeantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.Meantakingsomerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.75Fortherisk-seekers,apartofthebrainrelatedtopleasurebecomesactive,whilefortherestofus,apartofthebrainrelatedtofearbecomesactive.Asexperts