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1、广州初中毕业生学业考试英语一、语法选择(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)(2019 广东广州)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,从1 15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。The first astronautsSince the earliest times, people have looked up at the stars, the moon and the planets. Today people use modern machines 1 at the sky. This is very different from the

2、 situation 2 years ago when people could only use their eyes. Perhaps they dreamed of 3 the universe.Whendid humans first go into space? The story began not so very long ago, 4 the first astronauts were not people- they were animals.Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as 5 as possible for

3、humans. So theydecided to experiment with animals and test 6 in spaceflights. Insects, mice, frogs, dogs and monkeys were some of the animals 7 first went into space. Many of them 8 , but they helped to make space travel safer for humans. For their great service, we 9 forget these animals.Albert II

4、was the first monkey to go into space in 1949. Sadly he died 10 his spaceship landed back on Earth.11 the result was different for Hamthe Monkey, His story ended happily when he returned to Earth 12 very good health.Scientists wanted to know the answer to the important question: could 13 animal like

5、Ham do the same things in space as he could do on Earth? The answer came when Ham 14 into space in 1961. Yes, he did everything well and lived for 15 16 years.1. A.look2. A. thousand3. A. explore4. A. as5. A. safe6. A. they7. A. whom8. A. die9. A. shouldn't10. A. if11. A. Luck12. A. at13. A. a14

6、. A. sends15. A. anotherB.to lookC.lookingD.lookedB. thousandsC. thousand ofD. thousands ofB. to exploreC exploredD. exploringB. orC. butD. soB. saferC. safestD. the safestB. themC. theirD. theirsB. whatC. thatD. whoseB. diedC. have diedD. will dieB. may notC. don't have toD. needn'tB. becau

7、seC. afterD. sinceB. LuckyC. LuckierD. LuckilyB. onC. inD. forB. anC. theD. /B. sentC. is sentD. was sentB. otherC. othersD. the others题材:记叙文话题:22发明与技术词数:233【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了第一批进入太空的宇航员不是人类,而是动物。科学家们发现动物Ham在太空中能像在地球上一样做同样的事,情,离开太空后,它又存活了16年。【答案】1-5 BDDCA 6-10 BCBAC 11-15 DCBDA【解析】1. B 考查动词不定式。句

8、意:现在人们使用现代的机器来观测太空。use . to do sth. 使用做某事,动词不定式作目的状语,故选 Bo2. D 考查数词辨析。thousand千,修饰名词时,若前面没有具体的数字,可用 thousands of.,数以千计的,故选a3. D 考查动名词形式。dream of梦想,of作介词,后面跟动词的动名词形式,故选D。4. C考查连词辨析。as因为;or否则;but但是;so所以。前半句“(人来第一次进入太空)这个故事 发生在不久之前”和后半句“第一批进入宇航员不是人类一一他们是动物”语义上转折关系,but符合语境,故选C5. A 考查形容词同级比较。as . as . 和一

9、样,表示同级比较,中间要用形容词或副词的原级,故选A6. B 考查代词辨析。they他们,主格形式;them他们,宾格形式;their他们的,形容词性物主代词; theirs 他们的,名词性物主代词。分析句子结构可知,此处作动词test的宾语,指代前的 animals ,要用代词的宾格形式,故选B。7. C考查定语从句引导词辨析。分析句子结构可知,空处后为定语从句,先行词为animals ,关系词指代物,在定语从句中作主语,可以用 which或that ,故选C8. B 考查动词的时态。句意:它们中的许多死了,但是它们帮助人们使太空旅行变得更安全。本句叙述 过去发生的事情,要用一般过去时,动词

10、 die的过去式为die ,故选B。9. A 考查情态动词辨析。 shouldn ' t不应该,may not可能不;don' t have to 不必s needn' t不必。 根据上一句“因为他们的巨大贡献”可知,此处表示“我们不应该忘记这些动物”,故选A。10. C考查连词辨析。句意为:令人伤心的是它在太空飞船降落到地球之后死了。if如果;because因为;after在之后;since自从。根据语境可知,此处引导时间状语从句,故排除 A B两项。since常与完成时连用,故排除 D项,选G11. D考查luck的相似词形辨析。luck运气,名词;lucky幸运的

11、,形容词;luckier 比较幸运的,lucky 的比较级;luckily 幸运地,副词。分析句子结构可知,空处需填副词,在句中作状语,故选a12. C 考查介词辨析。in good health 身体好,是固定短语,故选C。13. B考查冠词辨析。animal是以辅音音素开头的可数名词,其前要用冠词,故排除曰D两项。此处表示“像Ham一样的动物”,是特指,要用定冠词 the。14. D考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子机构可知,在when引导的时间状语从句中缺少谓语,根据时间状语in 1961可知,要用一般过去时,故排除 A C两项。Ham是被送到太空的,表示被动的动作,要用被 动语态,一般过去

12、时的被动语态的构成是" was / were + 过去分词”,故选 D。15. A考查限定,辨析。another又一,限定词;other其他的,限定词;others (没有范围的)其他人 或物,代词;the others(某一范围内的)其他全部。分析句子结构可知,此处修饰名词短语 16 years ,故排除C、D两项。根据上一句“它所有事情都做的很好”可知,此处表示“它又活了16年”,故选Ao二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) (2019 广东广州)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1625各题所给的 A B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。John

13、 suddenly jumped off the swing without even slowing down. He called out nervously, “Mom, where' s Charlie?" He had just 16 he hadn't seen his new puppy for over an hour.John looked around the garden, behind the bushes, and under the picnic table, No dog! His mother heard the 17 in his v

14、oice as he called her a second time. "Mom,I can' t find Charlie!"She came outside 18 . "Let ' s look around the garden first. Don't worry. I'm sure he's close by."Both son and mother were 19 now, but still no Charlie. Their calls were not completely wasted, th

15、ough. Joe, the next-door neighbor, and his two daughters Tania and Julie, immediately agreed to help them 20 the lost dog.But even with five people now searching the town' s streets, they had no luck. Charlie was still 21Tania suggested they make posters with Charlie's 22 . Shehad done this

16、when her own catwas lost a year earlier, she told John, and the cat was found the next day.John agreed. When they got home, he made a poster with a photo of Charlie. Then John hearda 23 and opened his bedroom door. It was Charlie. John was greeted with a big wet kiss. Charlie had been 24 in the bedr

17、oom this whole time, sleeping. John had never been so 25 in his life!16. A. decidedB. forgottenC. understoodD. realized17. A. angerB. hopeC. fearD. warning18. A. activelyB. quicklyC. carelesslyD. annoyingly19. A. shoutingB. talkingC. fightingD. thinking20. A. give upB. look for C.run afterD. take ca

18、re of21. A. missingB. asleepC. takenD. quiet22. A. addressB. characterC. nameD. picture23. A. messageB. noiseC. voiceD.song24. A. shutB. wokenC. tiedD.saved25. A. afraidB. sillyC.happyD. proud题材:记叙文话题:24故事寻找小狗 话题:7情感词数:226【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了John与家人和朋友四处慌忙寻找他的新宠物小狗,其实小狗哪里也没去,它一直被锁在卧室里睡觉,小狗失而复得,Charl

19、ie特别的高兴。【答案】16-20 DCBAB 21-25 ADBAC【解析】16. D 考查动词辨析。decide决定;forget 忘记;understand 理解;realize 意识到。根据上一句 John 问妈妈小狗Charlie在哪里可知,此处表示“他才意识到他一个多小时没有看见他的小狗了”,故选D。17. C考查名词辨析。anger生气;hope希望;fear害怕,担忧;warning警告。根据下一段中的"Don' t worry.”可知,John到处都找不到 Charlie ,很担心他走丢了,所以他妈妈从他的喊声中听出来了担忧,故选C。18. B考查副词辨析。

20、actively活跃地;quickly迅速地;carelessly粗心地;annoyingly烦人地。妈妈听见John在着急地寻找 Charlie ,很快就出来了,故选 R19. A 考查动词辨析。shout呼喊;talk 谈话;fight 打架;think考虑。根据上文中的"called out " 可知,此处儿子和妈妈应该是在“呼喊着”找 Charlie ,故选A20. B 考查动词短语辨析。give up 放弃;look for 寻找;run after 追赶;take care of 照顾。根据上文可知,John和妈妈在寻找 Charlie ,故此表示“隔壁的邻居马

21、上同意帮助他们寻找丢失的小狗”,故选8。21. A 考查形容,辨析。 missing下落不明的;asleep睡着的;taken取走,take的过去分词;quiet安 静的。根据上一句“即使五个人在镇上的街道上寻找,他们还是运气不佳”可知,此处表示“Charlie 还是没找到",故选 A22. D考查名词辨析。address地址;character 性格;name名字;picture 图片。根据下文中的 "a poster with a photo of Charlie ”可知,此处指“有 Charlie 照片的告示“,故选 D。23. B考查名词辨析。message信息;n

22、oise声音;voice嗓音;song歌曲。根据下文中的“它是 Charlie ” 可知,此处指John听到了 Charlie发出的声音,故选 B。24. A 考查动词辨析。shut关闭;wake唤醒;tie (用线、绳等)系;save救助。根据下文的 sleeping 可以排除 R D两项。John和妈妈在外面寻找 Charlie,其实是把 Charlie 锁在了卧室,而不是拴在了卧室,故选A25. C考查形容词辨析。afraid 害怕的;silly 愚蠢的;happy开心的;proud骄傲的。Charlie失而复得,John当时是非常开心,John 一生中从来没有这么开心过,故选Co三、阅

23、读(共两节;满分45分)第一节 阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)阅读下列短文,从 2645各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(A)(2019 广东广州)An elephant and a crocodile were once standing beside a river. They were disputing which was the better animal.“Look at my strength, “ said the elephant. "I can pull up a tree, roots and all, with

24、 my trunk.”“Ah! But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine," replied the crocodile." No knife ortooth can cut through it. ”Just as they were coming to blows, a lion happened to pass.“My dear friends! ” said the King of all animals, going up to them." Let me know the cause of your di

25、sagreement. ”“Will you kindly tell us which is the better animal?” cried both at once.“Certainly, " said the lion, pointing across the river. "Do you see the soldier ' s metal hat onthat wall?”"Yes!" replied the beasts.“Well, then, " continued the lion, " go and get

26、 it, and bring it to me, and I shall be able then to decide between you. ”Upon hearing this, off they started. The crocodile, being used to the water, reached the opposite side of the river first, and was soon standing beside the wall.Here he waited till the elephant came up. The elephant, seeing th

27、at the crocodile had no way of reaching their goal, raised his long trunk, and took down the hat quite easily.They then made their way together back again across the river. The elephant was trying to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and became careless. When he was forced to turn

28、sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the riverbottom. The crocodile noticed the accident, so down he dived, and brought it up in his hugemouth. They then returned, and the crocodile laid the metal hat at the lion' s feet. The Kingtookit up, and tur

29、ning to the elephant, said:“You, because of your size and trunk, were able to reach the hat on the wall but, havinglost it, you were unable to get it back. And you,“ said the lion to the crocodile,“ althoughunable to reach the hat, were able to dive for it and save it. You are both wise and able iny

30、our own ways. One isno better than the other. ”26. The underlined word“ disputing " in Paragraph 1 means A. playingB. quarrellingC. complainingD. deciding27. What did the crocodile think was best about himself?A. His big mouth.B. His strong skin.C. His swimming skill.D. His dangerous teeth.28.

31、How did the lion deal with the animals' disagreement?A. He ordered them to fight.B. He made a quick decision.C. He suggested a competition.D. He asked them to describe themselves.29. What caused the elephant to drop the hat?A. The hat got wet in the river.B. He hit a floating tree branch.C. He w

32、as trying to swim too fast.D. He wanted to fight the crocodile.30. How were the elephant and the crocodile able to complete their task?A. By working together.B. By planning carefully.C. By sharing their ideas.D. By listening to the lion.题材:记叙文话题:24故事大象和鳄鱼谁 更厉害词数:378【主旨大意】本文是记叙文。大象和鳄鱼都觉得自己比较厉害,森林之王狮子

33、看见后,让他们去把河对面 的墙上的帽子拿过来给他,以此决定谁就更厉害,在大象和鳄鱼的共同努力下,才完成了这项任务,狮子 认为他们两个都比较厉害。【答案】26-30 BBCCA【解析】26. B 词义猜测题。play玩耍;quarrel争吵;complain抱怨;decide决定。根据后面大象和狮子争辩 的内容及第四段中的"disagreement ”可知,他们在为“谁是更厉害的动物”这个问题而争吵,故dispute表示“争吵”,故选 Bo27. B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ But your skin is not nearly so thick as mine. No knif

34、e or tooth can cut through it. "可知,鳄鱼觉得他厚实的皮肤连小刀和牙齿无法切断,故他对他自己强硬 的皮肤最满意,故选 Bo28. C 推理判断题。根据第五段和第七段中的". go and get it, and bring it to me, and I shallbe able then to decide between you. "可知,狮子让大象和鳄鱼去把河对面的墙上的帽子拿过来给他, 以这种比赛的形式决定谁更厉害,故选 Q29. C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的" The elephant was trying

35、 to keep up with the fast-moving crocodile in the water and become careless. Whenhe was forced to turn sharply to avoid a floating tree branch, the elephant dropped the hat and it fell to the river bottom." 可知,大象在水中试图跟上快速移动的鳄鱼,而变得不小心了,当他被迫急转弯以避开漂浮的树枝时,它把帽子掉了下来。由此可知,大象是因为试图游得太快,才把帽子弄掉的。30. A推理判断

36、题。文章中讲到大象因为体型和象鼻能够到墙上的帽子,但它因为不小心把帽子跳到了河 底,鳄鱼潜入水中把帽子捡起,放在了狮子的脚上,最后一段狮子也讲述了大象和鳄鱼是怎么用自己的方 式来共同完成这样任务的,由此可知,他们是通过合作来完成这项任务的,故选Ao(B)(2019 广东广州)They say that "travel is the best teacher"and there is no better example of this idea than theMing dynasty travel writer and geographer Xu Xiake(1587-16

37、41). His bookThe Travel Notes ofXuXiake, not only encouraged a love of travelling among Chinese people but provided important scientific information about the country's land and geography.Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interested in books about different places at an early age an

38、d wanted to travel. Whenhe was 18, however, Xu's father died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the familyfarm and taking care ofhis60-year-old mother as tradition required.But his mother had different ideas. Understanding her sons love of travel and valuing

39、 the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking woman refused to keep her son at home. She agreed that Xu could travel for three months every year, when there was less farm work.So at the age of twenty and with his mother s support, Xu set off for the firsttime, leavingbehind

40、 not only his mother but his new wife as well. He would repeat this goodbye each year for most of the next 30 years. During this time, he travelled throughout the Ming kingdom, carefully studying the lands he passed through and recording his experiences and many discoveries in a diary. This diary, w

41、hich once had over 500,000 words, would eventually becomeThe TravelNotes of XuXiake.Although rich, Xu avoided comfortable travel, preferring to go almost everywhere on foot.This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world. Many of his trips were to har

42、d-to-reach mountain areas, and through wild forests where few people lived. His willingness to face hardships came at a cost however. Progress was slow and firing and he was frequently sick, robbed and beaten during his journeys.Sadly Xu becameseriouslyill during his last and longest journey, a 4-ye

43、ar tripthrough the southwest of China.He died in 1641. soon after returning to his hometown for the last time. Whenhis diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Although incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.31. What is the pa

44、ssage mainly about?A. The general details of Xu Xiake's life story.B. The difficulties Xu Xiake faced in his travels.C. The Important discoveries made by Xu Xiake.D. The ?nflu ence o f Xu'? book The Travel Note? of Xu X?a k e .32. Which of the following best describes Xu's mother?A. Stri

45、ct but interesting.B. Kind but uneducated.C. Helpful and hardworking.D. Supportive and open-minded.33. Why did Xu prefer walking during his travels?A. It gave him the chance to meet different kinds of people.B. It helped him to save money and travel for a longer time.C. It allowed him to see and stu

46、dy the environment in detail.D. It was the only way to reach the places he was interested in.34. What is true about Xu's book The TravelN otes o f Xu X?a k e ?A. It was only made public after Xu died.B. It made Xu very famous during his lifetime.C. It was the first travel book ever written in Ch

47、ina.D. It was mainly about the different people of China.35. What is the correct order for the following events from Xu's life?a. He went on his first journeyb. His book was finally printedc. He returned to his hometown for the last time.d. He developed an interest in books about other places.D.

48、 e-d-a-b-ce. He started managing the family farm after his father died.A. a-e-d-c-b .B. d-e-a-c-bC. d-e-a-b-c题材:人物传记话题:17旅行话题:23著名人物词数:38218岁时【主旨大意】本文是一篇人物传记。文中主要讲述了游记作家和地理学家徐霞客生平的经历。他 丧夫,不得不照顾自己的母亲,开明的母亲支持他实现自己旅行的梦想,他把自己的所见所闻都记录在日记上,最后整理成徐霞客游记,这本书具有深远的影响。【答案】31-35 ADCAB【解析】31. A主旨大意题。第五段叙述了徐霞客旅游时面临

49、的问难,第一段叙述了徐霞客的徐霞客游记的影 响,故A、D两项不是本文的的主要内容;文章没有详细介绍徐霞客的重要发现,只是整体概括了他一生 中的一些重要细节。故选 A。32. D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 "Understanding her son's love of travel and valuing the knowledge he could get from such experiences, this modern-thinking womenrefused to keep her son at home.” 可以推断出,徐霞客的妈妈和支持他也很开明。33. C

50、 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的" This way he could research the environment in detail and get a true picture of the natural world.”可知,徐霞客旅游时更喜欢步行,这样他就可以对环境进行详细的研究,从而对自然世界有一个真实的了解,故选 G34. A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的" When his diary was finally printed years after his death, much of it had been destroyed or lost. Alt

51、hough incomplete, it still made Xu a travelling legend around the world.”可知,由徐霞客的日记整理成的书籍徐霞客游记在他死后几年才出版,它使徐成为世界各地的旅游传奇,故选Ao35. B 推理判断题。根据第二段中的" Born into a wealthy Jiangyin family, Xu became interestedinbooks about different places at an early age and wanted to travel.” 可知,徐霞客很小的时候就对其他地方的图书感兴趣;

52、根据第二段中的" When he was 18, however. Xu ' s father died and so, it seemed, did his travelling dreams. He now was responsible for the family farm and taking careof his 60-year-old mother as tradition required."可知,徐霞客 18岁父亲去世后他开始管理家庭农场;根据第三段第句 " So at the age of twenty and with his mot

53、her's support, Xu set off forthe first time, leaving behind not only his mother but his new wife as well.” 可知,徐霞客 20岁时开始自己的第一次旅行;根据最后一段中的"Hedied in 1641, soon after returning to his hometownfor the last time.”可知,1641年徐霞客生前最后一次回到他的故乡;根据最后一段中的"Whenhis diarywas finally printed years after

54、 his death”可知,徐霞客死后他的书才被印刷。(C)(2019 广东广州)Should Museum Entry Be Free?With International Museum Day coming up, today we are asking readers: Should museums be free or should people have to pay for a ticket? Let us know your view. Comments:Museumsare not only there for enjoyment; they are education. Th

55、is is why they must be free. While museums need a huge amount of money to operate, let the wealthy pay for it. The idea of aperson or child interested in art not being able to view it because of cost is wrong.Krista Chen (US)-Age 15Free entry does not attract people or encourage them to appreciate a

56、rt. Generally people respect things that are difficult or costly to get Museums should require regular visitors to pay a fee, but provide free tickets as prizes for high-achieving students who can appreciate them more.Fred Smith (New Zealand)-Age 14Museums teach people about their past. This is part

57、 of our shared culture that should be available to everyone, rich or poor. People should never be asked to pay an entrance fee.Rob Sanchez (Australia)-Age 17There are no simple answers. Low ticket prices could help museums stay open. But companies and businessmen should also provide museumswith more

58、 money and other support. They have a social responsibility too.Amber White (UK)-Age 16I think museums and art galleries should all be free to the public. I do, however, think twice a year the museumsshould organize money-raising events to help pay for the cost of staying open.Li Mishao (China)-Age 1536. How many readers support the idea of free museums?A.2B.3C.4D.537. Who suggests museums should regularly hold special events to collect mon

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