人教版高中英语必修5Unit5Firstaid知识点学案

1、Unit 5 First aid【学习目标】掌握本单元的常用词汇表达。【学习重难点】熟练记住常用词汇与词组。【学习方法】速读、细读、归纳、练习【学习内容】二重点词汇1. aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助（回归课本 P33）First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls 川 or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。归纳拓展（牛津 P42）This job would be

2、impossible without the aid of a computer.这项工作不用计算机是不行的。（牛津 P42）One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid + helped him）.一名工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。例句探源We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in Sichuan Earthquake.我们正集资以资助那些在四川地震中失去家园的人。 I aided the poor girl

3、in continuing her study.我帮助这可怜的女孩继续她的学业。即境活用1. 完成句子（1）在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。our English teacherwe have made great progress thisterm.答案：With the aid of当我身陷困境时，我所有的朋友都来帮助我。When I was in trouble, all my friends答案：came to my aid2. vital adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的（回归课本 P35）If the injuries are second or third d

4、egree burns it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。归纳拓展（牛津 P224S）It is vital that you keep accuraic records when you arc self employed.干个体记账要准确是十分重要的。（牛津 P2248）Reading is of vital importance in language learning.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。©Considerat

5、ion for other people is vital to all of us.对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。例句探源2.完成句子依我看来，理查德对本队的成功起了至关重要的作用。As far as I ' m concerRechard the team ' s success.答案：is vital to（2）我们应立即开始手术，因为这是生死攸关的。It ' s vital that we the operation immediately.答案：（should） carry out3. treat vt. & vi. 治疗；对待；款待n.款待；

6、招待（回归课本 P38）John used these to treat the most severe injuries to MSlade ' s hands. 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。归纳拓展（牛津 P2154）I decided to treat his remark as a joke.我决定把他的话当作戏言。 （天津高考）We treated each other as brothers and sisters.我们把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。 （牛津P2154）Don t worry about the cos t I ll treat you.别担心费用，

7、我请客。例句探源 He is seriously ill， and is being treated in hospital now.他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。 Let s go out for dinnermy treat this time.咱们出去吃饭吧！ 这次我请客。3 Although her relatives didn t think she could live for three ，mothnethosld doctor finally her of her disease.A curedB operatedC treatedD served解析：选 Ao cure s

8、b. of a disease台愈某人的病，还可以表达为 cure sb或 cure the disease treat sb. for a disease台疗某人的病。4. apply v.应用；运用；中请；请求（回归课本P38）He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police andambulance arrived.他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。归纳拓展 （朗文 P82）I applied to four colleges and was accepted b

9、y all of them.我申请了4 所大学，全都录取了我。 I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.我想申请成为你们公司的助理。例句探源 I have been out of work for half a year， so I want to apply for a job in this company.我已经失业半年了，所以想在这家公司申请一份工作。 What you said doesn t apply to me.你所说的并不适合我。4 （2009 年高考浙江卷）The good thing abo

10、ut children is that theyvery easily to newenvironments.A adaptB appealD applyC attach解析：选Ao句意：作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语，意为 “适应 ”。即境活用 5 What should I do? Clean the wound and the medicine to it.A applyB devoteC PourD squeeze解析：选 A。由 Clean the wound 及 the medicine可知应该敷（apply）药。devote奉献；pour 倒；s

11、queeze。、重点短语1 in place 在适当的位置；适当（回归课本P35）Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。归纳拓展 （牛津P1507）All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。 You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book in place.只要你保证把书放回原处，书架上的书你可以随意看。 （牛津P1507）I felt

12、completely out of place among all these successful people.夹在这些事业有成的人中间，我觉得格格不入。例句探源 6.用place的短语填空：（1）Don t take anythinagway. Father likes everything to be .答案：in place（2）Sending email has almost writing letters.答案：taken the place of(3)If I had been ， I might have accepted the invitation.答案： in your

13、 place2 make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用(回归课本P38)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。归纳拓展 (牛津P553)Your age shouldn t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。 (牛津P553)I don t think it makes a lot of difference what colour

14、 it is.我认为颜色无关紧要。 It isn t what youvehadone but what you will do that makes a difference.重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。例句探源 The twins are so alike， it s difficult to tell the difference.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。即境活用7完成句子(1)现在他们非常需要帮助，因此你的帮助当然意义重大。They are now in great need of help. So your support will certainly 答案：

15、 make a difference(2)她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗？Does it she will come to our party?答案： make any difference whether (3)生活在大城市与生活在乡村有许多不同。There are many living in a big city living in the countryside.答案： differences between； and三、句型梳理1 【教材原句】Remove clothing using scissorsif necessary unless it is stuck to theb

16、urn.（P34）除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。【句法分析】（1）unless是连词，意为 除非，如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if.not.引导的否定状语从句互换。 （牛津P2207）Unless something unexpected happe，nsI ll see you tomorrow.如果不出意外，我明天去看你。 （2009 年高考四川卷）Owen wouldn t eat anything unless he cooked it himself.欧文只吃他自己做的饭菜。 We will have a picni

17、c in the park this Sunday unless it rainsor it s very cold.除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。（2）stick toa.粘在之上 A piece of chewing gum stuck to my shoe.一片口香糖粘在了我的鞋上。b.坚持He always sticks to his promise他总是坚守自己的诺言。 If you stick to the truth， you ve nothing to fear.你要是坚持真理就可以无所畏惧。8 （2010 年高考课标全国卷）The little boy won

18、tgo to sleep his mother tells him astory.A orB unlessC butD whether解析： 选B。 句意： 除非妈妈给他讲故事，否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or 或者，否则；unless除非；but但，除之外；whether是否。根据语境可知，这里用 unless表示除非否则”。 即境活用 9 Once a decision has been mad， e all of us should it.A direct toB stick toC lead toD refer to解析：选Bo stick to坚持；lead to导致；ref

19、er to参考，查阅。句意：一旦做出决定，我们都 应该坚持它。2 【 教材原句】If burns are on arms or legs， keep them higher than the hear，t if possible. (P35)如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。【句法分析】if possible如果可能的话，是if引导的条件状语从何的省略形式，相当于if itis possible。 If possible， we d like a table in a private room.如果可能的话，我们希望要一张包间的餐桌。 If possible， t

20、ry to speak English as often as you can.如果可能的话，尽可能经常地讲英语。 归纳拓展 Will you be free this evening？ If so， let s go to the concert together.你今晚有空吗？如果有，我们一起去听音乐会吧。 Is anybody feeling cold？ If not， let s open the windows.有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话，我们把窗户打开。 If necessary， I will go there myself.如果必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。10 Have yo

21、u got any particular plans for the coming holiday? Yes， ， I m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.A if everB if busyC if anythingD if possible解析：选Do旬意：有的，如果有可能的话我想去拜访城市的养老院。 即境活用 11 I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital. ， we should go and see her immediat

22、ely.A If soB When necessaryC On condition thatD Believe it or not解析：选A。考查省略。句意：一一我听说Alice在事故中受伤严重，并且被送进了医院。如果是那样的话，我们应该马上去看她。If so表示 如果这(那)样的话”；Whennecessary表示 有必要时 ”；On condition that 表示 如果 ”；Believe it or not 表示 信不信由你 ”。根据语意可知选A 项。3【教材原句】John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.(P38)约

23、翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。【句法分析】 when在此句中意为这时，突然”，相当于at this/that time,常用于以下结构中：be doing.when.正在这时be about to dowhen.正打算做这时be just going to dowhen.正要这时had just donewhen.刚做了这时be on the point of doingwhen.正要这时 We were about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。 We were discussin

24、g the problem when there was a power failu瞰们正在讨论那个问题， 这时停电了。 I was on the point of calling him when he came in.我正要给他打电话，这时他进来了。12 She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cryshe heard her father urgentlytelling her to keep quiet.A whileB whenC beforeD after解析：选B。句意：她猛地睁开眼睛，刚要哭，这时她听到她父亲急忙告诉她

25、要保持安静。be about to do sth.when.为固定句型，其中的.when 为并列连词，相当于and at that time。 即境活用 13 Where s that report? I brought it to youyou were in Mr. Black s office yesterday.A ifB whenC becauseD before解析：选Bo旬意：那份报告在哪里？ ”咋天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”根据句意判断，此处应为时间状语，故选when。14 There were some chairs left over everyone had s

26、at down.A whenB untilC thatD where解析：选A。句意：虽然所有人都坐下了，但还有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中时有even though 之意。四、作文指导应用文(例：书信类)【体裁导航】英文书信一般分为商业信函(Business Letters)和私人书信(Personal Letters)两种，而高考书面表达一般都是要求写私人书信。英文书信格式与中文书信格式有许多不同，它包括五部分，即信头 .称呼.正文.结束语和签名，具体如下：1信头：寄信人的地址和写信日期，写在信的右上角。注意英语中地名的写法与中文不同，要从小到大；日期的写法也与中文不同，不是写在签名之下

27、，而是写在寄信人的地址之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达，即月.日 .年，月 .日与年之间用逗号隔开，月份尽量不要缩写，如 June 8,2007；而英式英语表达则为日.月 .年，中间不用逗号隔开，如8 June 2007。2 .称呼：自成一行，顶格写。称呼语常用： Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/Editor/friends/Bob,称呼之后一般用逗号。3 .正文：信件的主体部分即为信的正文。正文写在称呼的下一行，与 Dear后第一个单词对齐。正文通常包括三部分，即开头.目的和结尾。正文的开头语常用：Thank you for your lastletter asking abo

28、ut.； I' m glad to.a.正文的结尾语是正文的一部分，常常另起一行，常用的结尾有：I m looking forward to your rep；ly Thanks and all the bes；t Best wishes； Wishing you apleasant journey。4结束语：结束语与正文的结尾语不一样，它要写在结尾语的下一行，位于书信的右下角，后面用逗号。常用的结束语有：Yours sincerely/faithfully/truly ； Sincerely/Truly yours； Yours等。5签名：签名写在结束语的下一行，与结束语对齐，也就是

29、签上写信人的名字。一封正规的私人书信格式如下：Dear David，I ve learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture.I ' m looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely,Li Hua【写作示例】假设你叫李平，你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译，请你给该公司经理写一封求职信,你的个人资料如下：姓名李平性别男年龄30岁毕业学校北京师范大 学身体状

30、况健康身高1.80 米工作经历2000年至2003年 任教于南通中学2003年至现在任教于苏州中学特长技能精通英语，尤其是口语，曾将多本中文书籍译成英语。业余爱好游泳.唱歌.跳舞联系电话05128765432联系地址苏州市人民路1号要求：1.根据上述要点，写一封求职信；2 .要点齐全，行文连贯；3 .词数：150左右。【写作要领】求职信属于公务信函，格式和用词比较正规。信的内容可分为三部分：一 写信目的；二 自我介绍；三 要求与愿望。第一部分（第1段） 为信的开头，直截了当地提出想要应聘英语翻译一职，并表示出诚意。第二部分（第2段和第3段）为自我介绍，详细说明自己的基本状况.学历.工作经历.特

31、长.爱好等。在行文.用词上 要表现出自信.恳切的态度，语言简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，与众不同的特长或有利 条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求，巧用词语，勇敢地说服对方：此职位非你莫属。第三部分（第4段和第5段）再次表明自己申请该工作的诚意，并可提出要求进一步联系的途径，如留下电话号码或联系地址，还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。另外，信的结尾处应表达一下希望尽快答复的心愿。注意：此文用第一人称来写，主体时态用一般现在时。【金点模板】Dear，I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in（报纸名称

32、）of（广告发布时间）. /I am applying for the position of（ 想申请的职务） advertised in.I majored in（专 业 ）. My training in（接 受 过 的 培 训 ）definitely meets your qualifications. My complete resume is attached.I will graduate on（毕业时间）from（毕业院校）. In additionto the required courses of my major, I have（除专业外，选修的课程）. I alsoha

33、ve some experience in（曾 有 过 的 社 会 工 作 经 验 ）. You will find me tobe请对方对自己有信心（）.May I have a personal interview at your convenience?I can be reached by telephone. / If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact meat any time at电话号码（）Thank you for considering my application, and I am l

34、ooking forward to meeting you.Yours sincerely，Li Ming【范文点评】Dear manager， I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator I ' m interested in this job very much because I have been dreaming of being a translator.Now I d like to introduce myself toyou. My name i

35、s Li Ping. I m a young man of 30, 180 cm tall and healthy. In my spare time I enjoy swimming, dancing and singing. After graduation from Beijing Normal University in 2000 as one of the most excellent students, I went to work as an English teacher in Nantong High School for three years. Since 2003, I

36、 ve been working in Suzhou High School. During my teaching career, I have made a lot of friends in various fields and developed profound friendship with each other. Im proficient in English and I ve translated many Chinese books into English.My spoken English is especially good and my foreign friend

37、s often praise me for my accent. I do hope that my qualifications and experiences meet your demands. If so, please write a letter to me or phone me. I live at No.1 Renmin Road, Suzhou City. My phone number is 0512- 8765432. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Yours truly,Li Ping点评： I learn

38、ed from the newspaper 代信息来源。dream of doing sth用得恰到好处，表明求职的诚意。该处as one of the most excellent students突出自己的优势；after弓I出时间状语，使句式更 多样化。介绍个人工作经历，并根据所申请工作的特点，突出自己善于交际的能力。通过适当地添加细节，说明自己擅长英语口语。用助动词do表强调，充分表现出想得到这份工作的急迫心情。以书信中的常用句式收尾，规范得体。【类题尝试】 阅读下面一则广告，按要求完成写作任务。EIL International English Summer CampVoluntee

39、r WantedEIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim ofnternational understandingLearn to live together by living .togetherRequirements： Over 16; good knowledge of English； outgoing； working well with children between 7 12Activities : Language study, outdoor recreation and travelCampe

40、rs : Students from different countriesCampsite: Mount Wuyi, FujianTime: July 26 August 9Application deadline: July 15, 2010 f interested, please email to info 假设你是李华，这则广告引起了你的兴趣，请用英文写一封自荐信。要点如下：1对夏令营主题的理解；2根据招聘要求自我介绍；3参加夏令营的目的。注意：1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；2词数100 左右。Dear Sir，I m Li Hua from Fji

41、uan.I am looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear Sir，I m Li Hua fromFujian. When I was reading the advertisement, the aim of this activity impressed me greatly. I think it instructive to learn to live together by living together. It is a good opportunity f

42、or the only child like me to learn to share and work together. Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.As a boy of 17, I am outgoing, good at English and have experience of working well with children aged from 7 to 12.I think it is a kind of win-win activity. For one thing, I can help

43、 take care of the children. For another thing, I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation.I am looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely yours，Li Hua【达标检测】、重点词汇1 Everybody was informed that his wedding (典礼)would be held in the beautiful park next Sunday.2 As we all know， a fever is a 症状() of illness.3 Due to lack of (治疗)， some patients rescued from the ruins died soon.4 The difficulty is (临时的)so we should be optimistic.5 The burning plastic gave off (有毒的)gas， which is harmful to our health.6 He was (受伤)seriously