中考英语主谓一致全面总结材料

1、实用标准文案文档大全GrammarSubject-Verb Agreement （主谓一致）主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。1 .语法一致原则如果主语是单数，谓语动词则用单数形式； 如果主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。eg. Both parties their own advantages.Her job something to do with computers.2 .意义一致原则复数意义，而不是语法上的单、有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、 复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。His family (be) a big family.His family(be)

2、 listening to musicwhen he came back.The population in China(be) very large, and eighty of the population in China(be) farmers.3 .就近原则有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。e.g. Either my grandsons or their father_ (be) coming.Neither Richard nor I(be) going.(一)谓语动词常用复数的情况The teachers are respected in the world.1

3、)主语为复数名词或代词The police are looking for the missing child.The cattle are kept in his farm.2)当people , police, cattle等集体名词作主语，形式上为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用 复数。The Olympic Games are held once every four years.The Rocky mountains stand in the west of the north America.3)山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s结尾的复数名词作主语。The rich are not alwa

4、ys happy.Generally speaking ,the young are eager for success.4 ) the+adj.表示一类人 或物做主语时the+blind,deaf, living,dead, wounded, poor, rich old, young 等但指个人或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。The unknown is always something to be feared.The beautiful is always loved by people.The Whites are going to make a trip to London.Th

5、e Greens were watching TV when a fire broke out.5 ) the+姓的复数形式表一家人(二)谓语动词常用单数的情况1)可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。The advice is practical.2)表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。Twenty years is only a short time in human history.3)主语从句、动词不定式、动名词形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Looking after the children is my full time job.To die for

6、 the people is a worthy death.When and where to hold the meeting is unknown.Whatever was left was taken away.4)以-S结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数。如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,(news, physics, maths, politics)谓语用单数。The United states is made up of 50 states.The Times is a newspaper for the British governmentGreat Expec

7、tations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.5) clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作 主语。Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.6) eachneither+of + the+复数名词或代词EitherEach of us a dictionary.Either of the books on the table to me.Neither of them fit f

8、or the job.7) many a / each / everyeither / neither+ 单数名词more than oneMany a student the film.Neither story true.More than one student has seen the film.More students than one have seen the film.注意：当each放在主语后作同位语时，不决定谓语单复数。They each have a dictionary.=Each of them has a dictionary.8） every eachno+名词

9、单数+ and+every each +no名词单数作主语时谓语用单数many amany aEvery desk and every chair made of wood.Many a boy and many a girl made the same mistake.9） 由 some, any, no, every + one/thing/body 所构成的复合不定代词做主语时，谓语用单数。Nobody to go there.Something been done to end the strike.（三）其它情况1）用and或bothand连接的两个名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。

10、但是如果and连接的两个名词作主语，指同一个人或事或整体概念，谓语动词用单数（如果是可数名词的单 数这时and后面的名词一般没有冠词）。用is/are填空:English and Chinese quite different languages.A young man and a girl The singer and the writer The manager and secretary The singer and writer War and peace （战争与和平） A knife and fork （刀叉） Bread and butter（黄油面包） Early to bed

11、 and early to rise 常用的一些表示整体概念的词 iron and steel 钢铁 law and order 治安 a watch and chain 块带链的表 A needle and thread 针线 a coat and tie 配有领带的上衣to go there.famous to many young people as busy as a bee all day famous to everyone.a constant theme in history. needed for a western meal.served for breakfast.（早睡

12、早起）a good habit.Water and air both important.2）单、复数同形的名词作主语时，按意义一致的原则。作单数意义时，谓语动词用单数，反之谓语动词用复数。这类名词有：sheep, fish, deer, means彷'法）,species（种类）,works（工厂）,Chinese, Japanese。选择填空has/haveEvery means been tried out without much result.All means been tried out without much result.was/wereThis shoe work

13、s set up in 1980.Those shoe works all set up in 1980.3）表示成双成套的名词，如： chopsticks （筷子），compasses, clothes, glasses, jeans, scissors, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves, shorts等，作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式；Chopsticks mainly are used in China.但如与 a kind of, a pair of, the pair of,a series of连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：This kin

14、d of books useful.=Books of this kind useful.4)某些集体名词(如 family, team等)作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数。类似动词还有：class, club, company,crowd, enemy, government, group, party, public, team 等。5)就近原则下列连词连接两个主语时，及 there be句型有多个并列主语，谓语应与最靠近的主语保持一 致。A or Beither A or Bneither A nor B动词与靠近的主语一致not

15、only A but also Bthere be A, B and Cnot A but B >1) Either the girl or the boy in Canada.( is /are )2) Neither he nor I the answer.(knows /know)3) Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired of having one examination after another.4) You ,he or Iright.5)either he or you right? (be)(注意就近原则在疑问中的使用)6） Y

16、ou or he to blame .you or he to blame?A. is, Is B. are, Are C. is, Are D. are, Is7)Either you or the headmaster the prize to those gifted students at the meeting. (NMET1994 )A. is handing out B. are to hand outC. are handing out D. is to hand out6)就前原则当主语后面跟有 as well as, as much as,no less than, alo

17、ng with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides,including, in addition to 等词组时，其谓语动词的单复数按主语的单 复数而定。1)The teacher , with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,visiting a museum when the earthquakestruck. (NMET2004 北京卷)A. was B . were C. had been2) Nobody but John and HelenI, rather th

18、an you ,D. would beabsent.responsible for the accident.7） a number of + n （复数）作主语，谓语用复数。the number of + n （复数）作主语，谓语用单数The number of the people invited fifty ,but a number of them absentfor different reasons.A. were, was B. was; wasC. was; were D. were; were8) a large quantity/amount of +n 谓语由of后的名词

19、单复形式决定 large quantities/amounts of +n (可数/不可数)谓语复数 A large quantity of people needed here.A large quantity of water needed here.Large quantities of food gone bad.9)关系代词作主语，定语从句谓语动词的形式取决于其先行词的单复数。He is one of the few persons who a good knowledge of Italian.当one之前有the only修饰时，one是who的先行词，从句谓语动词用单数。He

20、is the only one of the boys who given a prize.10)倒装句中，必须认准哪是主语。如：1)Between the two buildings(stand) a monument.2)On the ship(be) over 2,200 people.3)More than 1,500 people lost their lives.Among those(be) the young woman.11)such, the same起指示代词作用，应根据其所指的内容来确定单、复数。如：Such our plan.Such my hopes.12)all做

21、主语表示人时，谓动用复数；若表物，谓动则用单数。All well that ends well.All eager to reach an agreement.13) part of / half of /percent of / one third of +名词，谓语动词要与 of后面的名词保持一 致。One third of the land is sold by the government.常用的一些表示整体概念的词iron and steel 钢铁law and order 治安a watch and chain 块带链的表A needle and thread 针线a coat a

22、nd tie 配有领带的上衣Exercises1. Each of you responsible for the accident.A. am B. be C. is D. are2. Each man and woman the same rights.A. hasB. haveC. hadD. is having3. Every means tried but without much result.A. has beenB. have beenC. areD. is4. There in this room.A. are too much furnitureB. is too many

23、 furnituresC. are too much furnituresD. is too much furniture5. The manager or his assistant planning to go.A. were B. are C. was D. be6. Not only I but also David and Iris fond of playing basketball.A. am B. is C. are D. was7. NeitherTom nor his parents at home.A. is B. are C. has D. was8. Either t

24、he dean or the principal the meeting.A. attendsB. attendC. are attending D. have attended9. was wrong.A. Not the teacher but the studentsB. Both the students and the teacherC. Neither the teacher northe studentsD. Not the students but the teacher10. "twenty dollars a big sum to her?"I supp

25、ose so.A. Will be B. Is C. Are D. Were11. Three hours enough for us to finish the task.A. are B. has C. is D. were12. Most of his savings（存款） in the Xin Hua Bank.A. has been keptB. is being keptC. have keptD. have been kept13. All that can be done.A. has doneB. has been doneC. have doneD. have been

26、done14. One or perhaps more pages.A. is missing B. has been missed C. are missing D. was missing15. More than one worker dismissed.A. have beenB. areC. has beenD. has16. Whiskey and soda his favorite drink.A. isB. areC. wereD. have been17. Many a student the importance oflearning a foreign language.

27、A. have realizedB. has realize C. have been realized D. has been realized18. The gas works near the city.A. is B. are C. were D. be19. The surroundings （环境）of his house clean now.A. is B. are C. was D. were20. The committee over the problem among themselves for two hours.A. has arguedB. has been arg

28、uingC. have arguedD. have been arguing21. The public generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.A. is B. was C. are D. has been22. Cattle on the hillside.A. grazesB. is grazingC. was grazingD. were grazing23. Her politics neither conservative nor liberal.A. is B. are C. was D. has bee

29、n24. Measles（麻疹） a kind of infectious illness.A. isB. areC. wereD. have been25. The Philippines to the south-east of China.A. lies B. lie C. lay D. lays26. Mary is one of the girls who always on time.A. is B. am C. are D. was27. Tom is the only one ofthe stall members who to be promoted.A. is goingB

30、. are goingC. has been goingD. have been going28. What caused the accidenton the road.A. were stoneB. were stonesC. was stoneD. was stones29.is to attend our evening.A. both the singer and the dancerB. Either the singer or dancersC. The singer or dancersD. The singer and dancer30. The Smiths their breakfast when the morni