宾语从句讲义练习及答案(新)

1、Sherry宾语从句讲义【知识梳理】中考常考从句一、什么是宾语从句？在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类：动词的宾语从句，介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。如：I think (that) you are right.He was surprised at what she said to him.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.二、宾语从句三要素1.连词连词用法备注that引导陈述句不做任何成份，无意义(一般可省略)if/whether引导一般疑问句不做任何成份，表是否”wh/h-类特殊疑问词引导特殊疑问句做成份，表

2、特殊疑问词本身的意思”以下情况只能用whether前有介词狼I ' m not interested in whether she w ill come.后有to do虎I haven ' t decided whetho go to Shanghai.为避歧义(T)Let me know whether you love me.告诉我是否你爱我。(F)Let me know if you love me.此句中的if既可翻译成 是否“，也可翻译成 如果”。 discuss 后We are discussing whether we will have a sports mee

3、ting next week.直接加是否(or not)I want to know whether or not you will help me.通常情况下使用 whether - or not如：I want to know whether you will help me or not.2 .语序宾语从句的连词后要用陈述句语序。即：主句+谓语。如：I don ' t know where are they from. (x)I don ' t know where they are from. (V) What' s the matter 和 What'

4、 s wrong?以及 Which is the way to?语序不变。如:The teacher asked the students what was the matter. I don ' t know what was wrong with her bike.3 .时态主句从句例句一般现在时任何时态She says that she w ill fly to Japan in a week.一般过去时过去的相应时态She said that she was a student. 时态照应，口诀如下：主现从不限主过从必过 真理规律永一现The teacher said (tha

5、t) the earth moves around the sun.三、宾语从句和简单句的转换当宾语从句是以连接代词或连接副词如when, where, who, why, which, what, whose 等引导时，如果主语一致，可以转化成连接代词或副词+动词不定式”形式，从而由一个主从复合句变为一个以动词不定式做宾语的简单句。如：She doesn ' t know what she should do next. = She doesn' t know what to do next.四、各种类型的宾语从句1 .动词的宾语从句大多数动词都可以带宾语从句。如：We al

6、l expect that they will win.部分动词+副词”结构可以带宾语从句。如：I ' ve found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.Can you work out how much we will spend during the trip?动词短语也可以带宾语从句。如：make sure 确保 make up one ' s min®：心keep in mind 牢记Make sure that there are no mistakes in your

7、papers before you tur n them in.2 .介词的宾语从句用wh/h-类的介词宾语从句The new book is about how Shenzhou 6 manned spaceship was sent up into space.用that/if引导的介词宾语从句有时候except, but, besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句。I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work for a company.3 .形容词的宾语从句常用来弓 I 导宾语从句的形容词有

8、：sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, sorry, afraid, satisfied,surprised 等。如：I am sure that I will pass the exam.I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.13判断下列从句的类别1 .Where there is a will, there is a way .2 .She didn't come to school because she was 川.3 .The teacher asked the students what

9、was the matter.4 .We were about to leave when he came in.5.I ' ve found out that all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.6.She doesn ' t know what to do next.7.It was raining hard when I got there.8 .He asked whose handwriting was the best.9 .Please tell me when we ' ll have t

10、he meeting.10 .Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?11 .Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?12 .He left the classroom after he had finished his homework .13 .He asked if you had written to Peter.14 .It's such a heavy box that nobody can move it.15 .Please write it down be

11、fore you forget it.16 .Please tell us where he is.17.I'll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow.18.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.19.It is five years since we met last time20.1 want to know whether you will help me or not.21.Could you tell me why the train is

12、late?22.I'll go where work is hard.23.I don ' t think this dress fits you well.24 .Though it snowed heavily, they kept on working.25 .You should do it as I told you.1. May I come in? I ' m sorry I am late.Come in, please. But could you please tell me?A. why you are late againB. why are y

13、ou late againC. why you were late againD. why were you late again2. Peter promised that he his sister an electronic dictionary.A. has bought B. had bought C. would buy D. will buy3. Do you know whomA. does this jacket belong toC. this jacket belongs toB. is this jacket belong toD. this jacket is bel

14、onging to4. I ' d like to know.A. when will you ask for leaveC. when you will ask for leaveB. when would you ask for leaveD. when you would ask for leave5. Did you know at 9 o'clock yesterday evening?A. whom was Jane waiting forB. whom is Jane waiting forC. whom Jane was waiting forD. whom J

15、ane is waiting for6. During his lecture, the fireman explained to the students from a burning building.A. how could they escape B. how they could escapeC. what could they escape D. what they could escape7. The old lady couldn ' t remember.A. where she had put her glassesB. where had she put her

16、glassesC. where she puts her glassesD. where did she put her glasses8. Christina said that she another trip to Sweden the next day.A. will take B. would take C. is taking D. had taken9. The police asked we saw anybody break into the house to steal things.A. who B. if C. what D. where10. Could you te

17、ll me?A. when will the next bullet train leave for NanjingB. when the next bullet train will leave for NanjingC. when would the next bullet train leave for NanjingD. when the next bullet train would leave for Nanjing1. Could you tell me?A. what' s Arthur doing nowB. what was Arthur doing nowC. w

18、hat Arthur was doing nowD. what Arthur is doing now2. - Do you know? He is wanted by the headmaster.-I don ' t know. He was here a moment ago.A. why hasn't Tim come back B. why Tim hasn ' t come backC. why did Tim come back D. why Tim didn ' t come back3. Do you know at that time?A.

19、who the first computer inventedB. who the first computer inventsC. who invented the first computerD. who invents the first computer4. Could you please tell me tomorrow afternoon?A. when will the new film begin B. when the new film will beginC. when the new film would begin D. when would the new film

20、 begin5. Could you please tell me?A. when the opening ceremony will startB. when the opening ceremony had startedC. when will the opening ceremony startD. when did the opening ceremony start6. I' d like to see you off at the airport. Could you tell me?A. when your plane took offB. when did your

21、plane take offC. when your plane takes offD. when does your plane take off7. My cousin said that he an iPhone 5 the next week.A. buy B. will buyC. would buyD. buys8. - Could you please tell me in Guangzhou?-In December.A. when did the 16th Asian Games endB. when the 16th Asian Games endedC. when did

22、 the l6th end Asian GamesD. when the 16th ended Asian Games9. Chilly asked me.A. if Tim would go sightseeingC. when would Tim go sightseeingB. how would Tim go sightseeingD. where would Tim go sightseeing10. Tom asked.A. if he could join usB. that he would join usC. when could he join usD. when he c

23、an join us按要求改写句子，每空限填一词。I.When does the train arrive Please tell me改为宾语从句Please tell me.2 .What does he do ? Do you know 改为宾语从句 Do you know he?3 . Do they want fried chicken ? He asked the boysfc为宾语从句He asked the boys they fried chicken4 .Was the watch made in Shanghai?I don't knoW. 为宾语从句I don&

24、#39;t know the watch made in Shanghai.5 ." D(you want to try something new?' Torn? s mother asked him同义句 Tom's mother asked him to try something new.1.1 think this is a good idea 改为否定句I this a good idea.7 .Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to bu改为复合旬Lucy hasn't decidedbuy.8 .I

25、don't know how I can get to the hospital改为简单句I don't know to the hospital9 .Were you born in the year of the dog改为宾语从句She asks me if born in the year of the dog.10 .We are interested to know where to grow the organic vegetables持原意 We are interested to know we grow the organic vegetables.答案：1

26、. May I come in? I ' m sorry I am late.Come in, please. But could you please tell me?A. why you are late againB. why are you late againC. why you were late againD. why were you late again【答案】C【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和could的用法。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以 BD错了；另，此处 could不表时态，只是委婉预期，对后面从句部分的时态不构成影响。从句迟到”是发生在过去的事情

27、，故用一般过去时，选 C. why you were late again。2. Peter promised that he his sister an electronic dictionary.A. has boughtB. had boughtC. would buy D. will buy【答案】C【解析】考点：宾语从句时态。主句 promised为一般过去时，所以从句时态得进行相对应的改变。句意是 她承诺会给妹妹买电子词典”，原句是一般将来时，所以转变为过去将来时，故选 C. would buy。3. Do you know whom?A. does this jacket bel

28、ong toB. is this jacket belong toC. this jacket belongs toD. this jacket is belonging to【答案】C【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和时态。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以AB错了；而 belong to表示 属于“不用进行时，故选 C. this jacket belongs to。4. I'd like to know.A. when will you ask for leave B. when would you ask for leaveC. when you will ask for

29、 leaveD. when you would ask for leave【答案】C【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和时态。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以AB错了；此处，主句中没有使用一般过去时，所以从句没有必要时态变化，故选C. whenyou will ask for leave 。5. Did you know at 9 o'clock yesterday evening?A. whom was Jane waiting forB. whom is Jane waiting forC. whom Jane was waiting forD. whom Jane is w

30、aiting for【答案】C【解析】考点：考点：宾语从句语序和时态。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序,所以AB错了；此处 "at 9 o'clock yesterday evening是过去的具体时间，为过去进去时的时 间状语，故选 C. when you will ask for leave。6. During his lecture, the fireman explained to the students from a burning building.A. how could they escapeB. how they could escapeC. wh

31、at could they escapeD. what they could escape【答案】B【解析】考点：宾语从句引导词和语序。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以AC错了；引导词的选择与从句的句意和句型都有关系，从句后半部分 from a burningbuilding ,就是 escape的对象，不需要再用 what 提问，D 错，故选 B. how they could escape o7. The old lady couldn't rememberA. where she had put her glassesB. where had she put her

32、 glassesC. where she puts her glassesD. where did she put her glasses【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和could的用法。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以BD错了;另，此处 could含时态意思，表过去能力，所以后文从句需要变化,放眼镜”的动作已经发生，本来用一般过去时现在要再变化成过去的过去，即过去完成时”，故选 A. where shehad put her glasses.8. Christiana said that she another trip to Sweden the next day.A. will

33、 takeB. would takeC. is takingD. had taken【答案】B【解析】考点：宾语从句时态。主句 said为一般过去时，所以从句部分需要变化时态，从 句中the next day为过去将来时的时间状语，故选 B. would take。9. The police asked we saw anybody break into the house to steal things.A. whoB. ifC. whatD. where【答案】B【解析】考点：宾语从句引导词。从句部分we为主语，saw为谓语，anybody为宾语，break into the house

34、tosteal things为宾补，句子成分完整，且 who、what、where都已有对应内容，故选 B. if。10. Could you tell me?A. when will the next bullet train leave for NanjingB. when the next bullet train will leave for NanjingC. when would the next bullet train leave for NanjingD. when the next bullet train would leave for Nanjing【答案】B【解析】考

35、点：宾语从句语序和could的用法。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以 AC错了；另，此处 could不表时态，只是委婉语气，对后面从句部分的时态 不构成影响，next train说明是将来的事情，故选 B. when the next bullet train will leave for Nanjing.1.Could you tell me?A. what ' s Arthur doing nowB. what was Arthur doing nowC. what Arthur was doing nowD. what Arthur is doing now【解析】

36、考点：宾语从句语序和语序，所以AB错了；另，此处could的用法。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句could不表时态，只是委婉预期，对后面从句部分的时态不构成影响。从句"now是现在进行时时间状语，故选 D. what Arthur is doing now。2. - Do you know? He is wanted by the headmaster.-I don ' t know. He was here a moment ago.A. why hasn ' t Tciaiine backB. why Tim hasn' t come backC.

37、why did Tim come backD. why Tim didn' t come back【答案】B【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和时态。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以AC错了；此题 校长找他”即为前一句的影响，所以当一句句子强调过去的动作对现在造成影响时，使用现在完成时，故选 B. whyTim hasn ' t come back3. Do you know at that time?A. who the first computer inventedB. who the first computer inventsC. who invented the

38、 first computerD. who invents the first computer【答案】C【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和时态。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，此处对主语提问，即使是问句也是主谓宾”的语序，所以 AB错了；此题“at that time为上般过去式时间状语，所以选 C. who invented the first computer。4. Could you please tell me tomorrow afternoon?A. when will the new film beginB. when the new film will beginC. w

39、hen the new film would beginD. when would the new film begin【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和语序，所以AD错了；另，此处could的用法。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句could不表时态，只是委婉预期，对后面从句部分的时态不构成影响。从句中"tomorrow afternoon是一般将来时时间状语，故选 B. when the new filmwill begin 。5. Could you please tell me?A. when the opening ceremony will startB. when the

40、opening ceremony had startedC. when will the opening ceremony startD. when did the opening ceremony start【答案】A【解析】考点：宾语从句语序和 could的用法。宾语从句除个别情况以外，都使用陈述句语序，所以 CD错了；另，此处 could不表时态，只是委婉预期，对后面从句部分的时态不构成影响， 故选 A. when the opening ceremony will start.6. I'd like to see you off at the airport. Could you tell me _?A. when your plane took off B. when did your plane take offC. when yo