新编大学英语3课后习题答案

1、Unit 1 Personality(P14)Post Reading3 Reading Comprehension1.Understanding the Organization of the Text1)Introduction (Para. 1):Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.2)Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect (Para.2-3)Peoples self-concept has a profound effect on all

2、 areas of their lives.People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence.People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced byothers.3)Ways of overcoming shyness (Para. 4-15)Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses.i)ii)Set reasonable goals.2.Understanding Speci

3、fic Informationiii)Dont waste time and energy on destructive feelings such asguilt and shame.iv)Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view.v)Do not make negative comments about yourself.vi)Accept criticism thoughtfully.vii)Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them aslearni

4、ng experiences.viii)Do no associate with people who make you feel inadequate.ix)Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate yourgoals regularly.x)Practice being in social situations.4)Conclusion (Para. 16)The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our fullpote

5、ntial.T 5) F 6) T 7)F 8) F 9) T3.(略)Vocabulary Practice1”Self-”is a prefix which meansof, to or by oneself or itself.Words with the prefix“self-”that appear in the text: self-conscious,self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-destructive,self-awareness, self-accep

6、tance, self-rejection, self-confident.1.self-conscious (worried and embarrassed about what youlook like or what other people think of you)2.self-confidence (belief in onesown ability, power,judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself)3.self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone whodeserves to be liked,

7、 respected, or admired)4.self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that arecounter to onesown best interests)1) F2) T3) T4)5.self-worth (the value you give to your life andachievements)6.self-concept (ones conception or general idea of onesown basic character and nature)7.Self-awareness (realistic

8、knowledge and judgment aboutoneself)8.self-assurance / self-confidence (the belief that you are able to dealwith people and problems easily)3) L 4)7) E10) M 11)14) K3)5) overcome8) compliments9)13) self-esteem 14) accented2. 1) BA 5) H8) NC12) F3. 1) profoundnumerous6) eventuallydiminish11) detrimen

9、tal12) isolated2) I6) D9) J13) G2) jealousy4) overweight7) slim10) reassurance4. 1) reflected2) concerned / worried3) profoundeffect / influence4) viewed / regarded/ react7)eliminatedon10) made no commentTranslation1.You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxingand exercising.2.In general ch

10、ildren are healthier and better educatedthan ever before.3.When the right opportunity come along, hell take it.4.Every day he sets aside some time to be with his familyand enjoy life.5.I remember those dark streets and walking hand in handwith my father.5) sensitive 6) respond8) overcome my fear 9)

11、concentrate5)Dont let negative thoughts hold you back.He finally failed to live up to his parentsexpectations.In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously.He succeeded in his efforts to overcome his fatalweakness.Part Four Writing and Translation(P 46)2. Translation PracticeFrom Chinese into

12、 English1)It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness,sickness and failure.2)Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy andsuccessful.3)When you fail in something, profit from the failure as alearning experience.4)Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence infront

13、of problems or difficulties.6.7.8.Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, sodont blame yourself too much.Unit 2 Myths and Legends(P60)Post Reading3 Reading Comprehension1. Testing Your Memory1)Because they were invited to a feast in the sky.2)He saw the birds were busy preparing.3)He

14、planned to go to the feast / sky with the birds.4)They didnt agree because Tortoise was mischievous /cunning and ungrateful.5)With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changedman.6)16)His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces.6)He made two wings with all the feathers he got from e

15、achbird.7)All of you.8)Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palmwine, etc.9)For whom have you prepared this feast?10)Because he knew the answer would be“For all of you”, which washis new name. So he could enjoy all the food first.11)They were very angry.12)They took back the feathers the

16、y had lent him.13)He asked them to take a message to his wife.14)Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to getrevenge.15)He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in hishouse and cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. ButParrot

17、told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp things instead.2.Finding the Best SummarySample:Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long long ago, there was a famine, andthe birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there. Tortoise learned aboutit and with his sweet tongue he pe

18、rsuaded the birds to take him with them and soeach bird lent him a feather. Tortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled himto have all the food by naming himself All of you. When they reached the sky, theyreceived a warm welcome, and soon the food was presented to them. Then heasked one of th

19、e people in the sky, For whom have you prepared all this feast?The man replied: For all of you. So he ate almost all the best food. The birdsbecame very angry and took back their feathers before flying home. Withoutfeathers, he had to jump onto the ground and his shell was broken into pieces.3.Actin

20、g out the Story（略）4.Taking SidesSample:1) I dont admire Tortoises cleverness. He was unwise to cheat all the birds.After his mischief, how could he have face to live together with them any longer?He would have no friends at all. He was clever, but at the same time he was alsostupid . When all the bi

21、rds became so angry, how could he have trusted Parrot? Heshould have jumped into the sea to avoid being hurt.I sympathize with the birds. They took Tortoise out of kindness, but after flyingsuch a long distance, they had to fly back home on an empty stomach. They wereformally invited, but the food w

22、as eaten by Tortoise. I think the birds were veryunlucky.2) I learned from the story that a) we should be honest, and shouldnt cheatothers. If we cheat others, we will be punished in the end; b) we shouldnt becarried away by sweet words, like the birds; c) a leopard cant change its spots, norcan Tor

23、toise. He was cunning, he could never change his personality and behavehimself.Vocabulary Practice1. 1) A. invitationC. inviting2) A. prepareC. preparationB.invitedB.preparedD. preparatory / preparation3) A. discoveriesB.discoverersC. discovered4) A. approval B.approve C.approved D. approvingE. disa

24、pprove5) A. eloquenteloquence6) A. faithfulunfaithful/faithless C. faith7) A. occasional occasionally8) A. deliverydeliveringB.C. eloquentlyB.D. faithfullyB.C. occasionB.C. deliveredtroubledtroubled9) A. troublesomeC.B.D. troubling10) A. assuranceB.assured2. 1) got / ran into troubletrouble 3) askin

25、g for trouble4) havetroublewith6) in serious/deep/big trouble7) get/gettinginto trouble3.1) with a pattern of roses2) prepared a wonderful / good meal for us3) promised faithfully4) deliver this letter5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate6) keep out of mischief / behave themselvesC. assure2) no

26、5) trouble8) took the trouble7) the sound of distant thunder2.Understanding Specific Information8) received approval from the government9) in spite of the fact that he drank too much10) agree whether the drug is safe or notPart Four Writing and Translation(P 96)2. Translation PracticeFrom English in

27、to Chinese万物之初， 天地还是一体， 充满混沌。 宇宙如同一个大黑蛋，盘古就在黑蛋里。一万八千年以后，盘古长睡醒来，他感到窒息，于是他拿起一 把大斧子，用尽全身力量砸开黑蛋。轻的、透明的部分冉冉上升，变成了天；而 冷的、混浊的物体依然在下面，变成了大地。盘古站在中间，顶天立地。天地开 始以每天一丈的速度分开，盘古的身子也随着长高。一万八千年后，天更高，地 更厚，盘古像一根九百万里高的柱子伫立其间，天地永远也无法再合在一起。Unit 3 Social Probelms2.Understanding Specific Information(P111)Post Reading3Readi

28、ng Comprehension1.What the Text Discusses1)financial2)career3)later4)guilty5) hurt6) resentful7) productive 8)independence9) responsibility10) trusted11) frightening 12)resentment13) abandoned14) factors15) qualityVocabulary Practice1.5) E 6) K 7) I 8) D 9) L 10)B 11) J 12) FF5) T6) F7) F8)F9) F 10)

29、 F3.（略）1) T2) F3) T4)1). C 2) H3) G 4) A21)constantly2) impact3)burden4) Candidly5) fulfillment6)salaried7) resentment8) assistance9) perfect10) suppress4. Sentence-Making Game(略)Directions: Make sentences with the words written on the board. You may usemore than one word at a time. The sentence you

30、 make must be meaningful andgrammatically correct. Speed and accuracy are both part of the game.(注意掌握下列词的用法)rise, decade, expense, financial, affect, on the other land, priority, engage,range, forbid, isolate, stimulate, express, claim, widespread, given, work out, takeinto consideration, in case of

31、, secure, arise, cope with, demand, provideTranslation1.Because of an emergency, the doctor will not be available forseveral hours.3. 1)successfully2)resentmentnecessity5) advisableathletic 8) maturity9) emotional3) security 4)6) access / accessibility 7)10) effectively2.How will taxes affect people

32、 with low incomes?1)孩子最好远离毒品3.My mother always told me that in the long run I wouldbe glad I didnt give up practicing the piano.4.The books range in price form $10 to $20.5.It seems to me that you dont have much choice.6.Given their inexperience, they have done quite a good job.7.For such a big hous

33、e the price is fairly cheap, but youvegot to take into consideration the money you will spend on repairs.8.Can we begin by discussing questions arising from thelast meeting?Part Four Writing and Translation(P 142)2. Translation PracticeFrom English into Chinese一个报警者打来三个， 报告毒品交易。 他还对交易场所中小孩子的健康表示 了忧虑

34、。有两人被发现因吸入过量毒品而深度中毒， 现场还发现大量被使用过的 注射器。屋情况非常糟糕，孩子们立即得到了保护。2)在逃的武装抢劫犯落入法网四名武装抢劫犯在逃离现场时， 开枪打伤了一名警察。 警察抓住了两名罪犯， 但是不能确认另两名逃走的罪犯的身分。 打进报警热线的一个准确、 详细地描述 了这起事件和其中一个逃走的罪犯。 不久，一名男子被抓获， 他被指控企图谋杀 及武装抢劫。Unit 4 Career Planning(P158)Post Reading3 Reading Comprehension1.Understanding the Organization of the Text1)

35、Introduction ( Para.1)Career planning does not necessarily follow routine or logical steps.2) Studentsweaknesses in career planning ( Para. 2)i)Most students choose from a very narrow group ofoccupations.ii)40 to 60 percent of the students choose professionaloccupations, but only 15 to 18 percent of

36、 the work force is engaged in professionalwork.iii)Young men lack interest in fields that offer many jobopportunities.iv)A third of the students are unable to express any choice ofoccupation.3) Serious flaws in the ways many people make decisions ( Para. 35)i)complacency-ignoring challenging informa

37、tionii)defe nsive avoida nee-resort ing to wishful th inking ordaydreamingiii)hypervigila neesearch ing fran tically for career possibilitiesand seizing on hastily invented solutions4) Keys to career planning ( Para. 611)i)Study yourself.ii)Write your career goals down.iii)Review your plans and your

38、 progress periodically withanother person.iv)If you choose a career that does not fit you, you can startover.5) Changes in careers (Para. 1113)i)Few changes involve downward movement; mostinvolve getting ahead.ii)Job changes and career shifts occur at all ages.6) Conclusion (Para. 1415)Although ther

39、e is no sure way to make career plans work out, there arethings that you can do now to shape your career possibilities.2.Understanding Specific Information1) T2) T3) F4)T5) F6) T7)T8) T9) T10) F11) T12) F3.（略）Vocabulary Practice1. 1) acceptable 2) efficiency3) implications4) instability 5)rationaliz

40、e6) evaluation 7) unforeseeable 8) invention 9)hastily 10) probability11) professional 12) challenging 13) defensive 14)personality2.1) in case 2) Every so often 3) resort to overtake stock of3. 1) programs 2) way 3) technical 4) both 5) provided 6) who4) talk over 5) start6) inreality7) atstake8) s

41、eized on9) leading to 10)7) such 8) needed 9) opportunities10) when 11) to 12)Completion13) holding 14) early 15) hire 16) promote 17) up 18) educatingTranslation1.几年前他心脏动了一次大手术。(undergo)He underwent major heart surgery several years ago.2我们估计完成这项工作要花一个星期。(estimate)We estimated that it would take a

42、week to finish the work.3许多妇女发现从事一种职业同时又要孩子是很困难的事。(pursue)Many women find it difficult to combine pursuing a career and havinga child / children.4你可以爱一个人而不一定要跟他/她结婚。(necessarily)You may love someone without necessarily wanting to marry him/ her.5她不接时我只好站在她窗外叫她。(resort to)When she didnt answer the te

43、lephone, I resorted to standing outsideher window and calling up to her.6可能下雨你最好带把伞，以防万一。(in case)It may rain - youd better take an umbrella (just) in case.7英国要求召开最高级会议(summit)来审视世界秩序中发生的根本变化。(take stock of)Britain has requested a summit to take stock of the fundamentalchanges in the world order.8她非

44、常虔诚，因此对死并不惧怕。(hold)She is very religious, so death holds no fear for her.Part Four Writing and Translation(P 195)2. Translation PracticeFrom Chinese into EnglishA.Interviewer: Do you have a boyfriend?Applicant: Yes.Interviewer: Is he here, in this city?Applicant:No, he is in another city.Interviewer

45、: Sorry, will not employ you.Applicant:Why not?Interviewer: You would not be keeping your mind on your work. Whats more,we do not want to see our telephone bill increase enormously because of you.B.Interviewer: Do you have a girlfriend?Applicant: No.Interviewer: Have you ever dated a girl?Applicant:

46、Yes, but she didnt want to date me.Interviewer: Do you want to date girls after you have a job?Applicant:I will set my mind on work first. I will not consider mymarriage now.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you.Applicant:Why not?Interviewer: You are lacking in the ability of dealing with inter

47、personalrelationships. Also, you lack self-confidence.C.Interviewer: Do you have a girlfriend?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is she pretty?Applicant:Not quite.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you.Applicant:Can it be that a plain girlfriend will affect your companysimage?Interviewer: Itsnot that. B

48、ut our company engages in works of art. Youraesthetic judgment does not satisfy our companys need.D.Interviewer: Do you have a girlfriend?Applicant: Yes.Interviewer: Is she pretty?Applicant:Very.Interviewer: Is she your first love?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because you

49、 lack the initiative inpursuing the better unceasingly.E.Interviewer: Is she pretty?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is she your first love?Applicant:No, I had a couple of girlfriends before.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because you would soonjob-hop.Interviewer: Do you have a boyfriend?F.Ap

50、plicant:Secretary.Interviewer: Is he very rich?Applicant: No.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because your job is to work withmoney. I am afraid you cannot resist the temptation.G.Interviewer: Do you have a boyfriend?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Is he very rich?Applicant:Yes, he has his own

51、 company.Interviewer: Sorry, we will not employ you, because even your boyfriendscompany doesnt employ you.Applicant:But thats because his company doesnt have a positionsuitable for me.Interviewer: Whats your major then?Applicant:Yes.Interviewer: Sorry, we still cannot employ you. Pretty girls will

52、affect ourcompanys work.Applicant: But I am not pretty.Interviewer: Thats even worse. If you are not pretty, our manager will not beinterested in you.Unit 5 Language(P212)Post Reading3 Reading Comprehension1.Understanding the Organization of the Text1)Para.1 Introduction: the most important day in h

53、er life2)Para. 2-3 Her feelings before her teacher arrived.3)Para. 4 The first encounter with the teacher.4)Para. 5-9 How she discovered words.A.Para. 5 Her initial success in learning: She leaned thespelling of a few words.B.Para. 6 The difficulties encountered in learning themeaning of words and h

54、er reaction.C.Para. 7-8 Her new sight that everything had a name andeach gave birth to a new thought.D.Para. 9 Her feelings and her outlook on life before she fellasleep that night after her trip to the well-house.2.Understanding Specific Information(1)I am filled with wonder when I consider the imm

55、easurable contrastbetween the two lives which it connects. (l 23)A.What do the two lives refer to?The two lives she led before and after the teacher came.B. What does it refer to?The day when her teacher came to her.C. What is the immeasurable contrastBefore the teacher came, she lived in a still, d

56、ark world in which therewas no strong sentiment or tenderness. From that day on, she began to learn not onlylanguage but also gained a new sight for life.(2)On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb,expectant. (l5)Why did Helen consider March 3, 1887 an eventful day?Because t

57、he day marked a turning point in her life. On that day, the teacher cameto her to reveal all things to her, including love.(3) whe n it seemed as if a tan gible white dark ness shut you in, andthe great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet andsounding-line(11315)A.Wh

58、ite and dark are opposite in meaning. Then what does white darknessmean?It refers to a feeling of being lost, like a ship at sea almost incapable of findingher way in a white fog without sunshine.B.What does her refer to?The ship.I was like that ship before my education began(116)Read para. 2&3.

59、 How did Helen feel before her education began?She felt tense and anxious, waiting for something to happen with a beating heart.(5)and tried to make me understand that“d-o-l-l”applied to both.(l35)What does both refer to?Both the new doll and the big rag doll.(6)Miss Sullivan had tried to impress it

60、 upon me that“m-u-g”is mugand that“w-a-t-e-r”is water, but I persisted in confounding the two. (l3638)What does the two refer to?The words and the real objects.(7)and somehow the mystery of Ianguage was revealed to me. (152)What is the mystery of language ?Words are the names of things./Everything has