(完整版)小学英语名词讲解与练习

1、名词名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词，其中可数名词具有单、复数的形式；而不可数 名词没有复数形式。可数名词：规则变化：1. 一般情况下，直接加 -s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾，力口 -es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches, brush-brushes,glass-glasses dress-dresses3. 以辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es,如：family-families （家庭）， butterfly-butterflies （蝴蝶）

2、，lady-ladies, strawberry-strawberries （草莓） 注意：“元音字母 +y结尾的，直接加-s，如：day-days, boy-boys4. 以或 fe 结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加-es, 如: knife-knives , leaf-leaves （落叶）,wolf-wolves（狼），shelf-shelves （架子），half-halves （一半），thief-thieves （小偷）注意：特殊情况直接加 s： gulf-gulfs （海湾），roof-roofs （屋顶），belief-beliefs （信仰）， proof-proofs

3、（证据）此处知道即可，暂时不用记不规则变化：1. man-men, woman-women , policeman （男警察）-policemen , policewoman （女警察） -policewomen ,mouse-mice, child （孩子）-children , foot-feet, tooth-teeth （牙齿）， ox-oxen （公牛）2. fish-fish （鱼），sheep （羊）-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese people-people （人，人们）注意:fish :当一条鱼讲时，单

4、复数同形，如three fish. 当各种各样的鱼讲时，即强调鱼的种类时，要加es.如: all kinds of fishes .各种各样的鱼 当鱼肉讲时，不可数。people：当 people 后加上 s 时即 peoples 表示 民族例如：There are 56 peoples in China.中国 有56个民族。实记:tomato-tomatoes （西红柿）,potato-potatoes （土豆）,hero-heroes （英雄）negro-negroes （黑人），volcano-volcanoes （火山）zoo-zoos, photo-photos不可数名词water（

5、水）、milk（牛奶）、tea（茶）、rice（米饭）、juice （果汁）、bread （面包），soup （汤），hair, meat, news （消息），work （工作）， paper （纸），weather （天气），luck （运气），grass （草）中日不变，英法变，其余 s加后面German-Germans（德国人）1. be动词遇到名词时的运用：单数名词用is,复数名词用are.2. 可数名词可以和冠词a/an连用，不可数名词前不可以用冠词a/an. a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物中的一个”，相当于汉语的一，但不强调数目观念。 a用在辅音（音素）之前，an

6、用在元音（音素）之前。女口： a notebook 一个笔记本，a book一本书，an old man 位老人， an En glish class一堂英语课。字母u读作ju:时，由于第一个音j是辅音，故前面用a,不用an。如：a useful book一本有用的书，a university 所大学。字母h如不发音，第一个音又是元音，前面用an而不用 a，女口 an hour 一小时，an honest person 一个诚实的人。3、 ma ny+可数名词、much +不可数名词（表示数量很多）few+可数名词、little+不可数名词（表示数量极少）没几个a few+可数名词、a lit

7、tle+不可数名词（表示数量极少）有几个some, any , a lot of 、lots of既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词4、 对可数名词的数量提问用how ma ny对不可数名词的数量提问用how muchHow many books do you have ?How much milk does he drink in the morning?5、 可数名词的数量可以直接用数词来修饰女口： two students（两个学生）也可用 many a few、some any、a lot of ,lots of,most of 等修饰。不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：1）用 m

8、uch ,a little ,some , any, a lot of a lot of ,lots of,most of 等表示多少。女口 There is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。Ill tell you much good news.我要告诉你许多好消息。2） 用单位词表示。（用a . of 表示。）女口 a cup of （ 杯 ）,a bottle of （瓶 ）a piece of （ 一张 ）,a pair of shoes（一双鞋）two cups of tea（两杯茶），five pieces of paper（五张纸）名词的所有格有

9、些名词的可以加s来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词的形式称为该名词的所有格。女口 Marys father（ 玛丽的父亲）、Jims mother（ 吉姆的母亲）。与所有格相对来看，不带这种词尾的形式就称为普通格。1）单数名词词尾加s，复数名词词尾如没有S,也要加s。女口 Toms knife（ 汤姆的小刀）childrens books（儿童书籍）2）表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人名字后加s,如果表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后加s。女口 Jim and Mikes room吉姆和麦克（共用）的房间Jims and Mikes rooms 吉姆和麦克（各自）的房间3）若名词已有复数词尾

10、-s，只加“即可。女口 the students reading-room（学生阅览室）Every one n eeds to have at least eight hours sleep a ni ght.每个人每晚需要至少8小时的睡眠。表示时间和地点的名词where is todays n ewspaper?今天的报纸在哪儿？an hours walk isnt far.一小时的路程不远。练习题一、写出下列名词的复数，无复数用/表示。I thisthatwatchdiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheepboxstrawberrythiefpeachsan dwich

11、manpaperjuicewatermilkricetea二、填入适当的词。1. I have two(knife)2. There are manyhere. (box)3. There are manyon the road. (bus)4. A feware draw ing on the wall. (boy)C、 Teacher5. Theare playi ng football now. (child)二、选择a或an或不填（用/表示）penbagapplebig applebananawateroran gespen四、选择填空1、Best wishes to you forD

12、ay!A、Teacher sB、Teachers2、Many childre n like to go to thePalace on Sun day.A、ChildrenB、Children sC、Childrens 3、This isroom. It s very big.A、Lily and Lucy sB、Lily s and Lucy sC、Lily s and Lucy4、We visitedhouse yesterday.A、TomB、TomsC、Tom s5、The hospital is a bit far from here. Its about.A. forty mi n

13、u tess walkB. forty minu tes walkC. forty minu tes walkD. forty mi nu tes walk 一 、写出下列名词的复数形式I、 orange 2、class3、text4、mon key5、pia no6、child7、shelf8、bed9、country10、 familyII、 toy12、foot13、Japanes 14、radio15、photo16、army17、tomato18、fox19、woman20、knife21、 sheep二 、选择填空1、There on the wall .They are very

14、 beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photoD. is photos2. How manydo you see in the picture?A. tomatos B. tomatoes C. tomatoD. the tomato3. andare n ot friends.A. Foxs wolfsB. Foxes wolfsC. Foxes wolves4. That Sart book.A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys getA. two breadB. two breads C. two

15、 pieces of bread D. two piece of bread6. The old man wantsA. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There somein the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. Theretwoin the box.A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches9.

16、We should cleantwice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10. They come from differe ntA. country B. coun triesC. a country11. They are.A . woma n teachersB. wome n teachersD. coun trysC. wome n teacher12. Would you like,please?A. two glass of water B. two glasses of waterC. two glass

17、 of watersD. woma n teacherD. two glasses of waters13. These are theof our n ati onalA. photos heroes B. photoes heroes C. photos heros14. There are somein these.A.k nifesper-bbxesB.k ni ves pen ci-boxC.knives pen cboxD.knives pen ci-boxes15. There is noin the plate.A. apples B. oran gesC. rice D. e

18、ggs16. are good for our health.A. Tomatos B. Tomatoes C. Tomato17. I like to eat cake withA. cherriesB. cherry （樱桃）C.cherrysC. deer grassC. bowl of no odles18. Theare running on the.A. deer grasses B. deers grass19. I was so hungry and I eat two.A. bowls of no odle B. bowls of no odles20. How manyar

19、e there in your class ?A. Japa nese B. America nC. Australia nD. Can adia n21. Most oflive in.A. Germa ns. Germa nB. Germa n, Germe n C. Germe n. Germa ny D. Germa ns. Germa ny三 、将以下单复数句进行转换1 This is a knife.2 That is a tomato. 3 That child is very good.4 These are mice. 5 Those are childre n. 四 、选择

20、正确的词形1 How many (radioes, radios) can you see?2 There are 36 (boys, boies) in my class.3 Look at those (sheeps, sheep).4 I don t want (a, an) old cup.5 Give me that (box, boxes), please.1) 写出下列名词的复数形式。1. bag2. orange3. family4. wish5. shelf6. knife7. key8. baby9 . tooth10. foot11. woman12. sheep13.

21、Japanese14. potato15 . radio16. child17. fish18 . photo19. Frenchman20. man doctor21.watch22. bus23. sheep24. foot25.birthday 26.housewife27.walkma n28.mouse 29.beach2) 请用括号中名词的复数形式填空1 Look at those. (child)2 I can see asta nding n ear the door. (policema n)3 Do you want somefor dinner? (potato)4 In

22、 autu mn, you can see a lot ofon the groun d.(leaf)5 He has two.One is blue , the other is yellow.( box)6 Twolive in this buildi ng .( family )3) 选词填空1、I want threewhite paper.A、piecesB、piece ofC、pieces of2、Do you want to drink much?A、a milkB、milkC、milks3、Do you want somefor supper?A、a potatoB、potat

23、oesC、potatos4、In autumn , you can see a lot ofon the ground.A、leafB、leafsC、leaves5、My sister has two.One is old , the other is new.A、a watchB、watchsC、watches6. There are someon the hill.A. sheeps B. a sheep C. sheep D. sheepes7. There are some new books in the school library. They arebooks.A. child B. childre nsC. childre nD. childre ns8. The hospital is a bit far from here. Its about.A. forty mi nu tess walkB. forty mi nutes walkC. fo