高中名词性从句讲解与练习(包含答案)

1、名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句分为主语 从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。（一）引导名词性从句的连接词类 别thatif 和 whether关系代词：词 义 在从句中的作用无任何词义 仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何句子成分；一般可以省略，但是在句首不可省略。意为“是否”，表 起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何句 明从句意义的不 子成分确定性起连接作用，who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever, whichever关系副词： when,where,why,how,however

2、,whenever, wherever有各自自身的意 义有各自自身的意 义并在从句中充当主、表、宾、定语等起连接作用，并在从句中充当状语（二）主语从句1.主语从句在复合句作主语。e.g. who will go is not important.2.that 引导主语从句时，不能省略。e.g. that he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.3.用 it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。it+ 系 动 词 + 形 容 词 +that 从 句 necessary,right,likely,wrong,important,certain,c

3、lear.it+系动词+名词+that 从句. a pity, a shame, a fact,no wonder.it+be +动词 ed+that 从句. said,told,reported,suggested,considered.it+特殊动词+that 从句. seem,turn out,appear,matter.e.g. it doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not.4.whether 引导的主语从句可放句首，而 if 引导的主语从句不能放句首，只能放句末。 whether the worked can be com

4、pleted on time is doubtful.it is doubtful whether/if the work can be completed.（三）表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。e.g. the question was who could go there.2、引导表语从句的连接词 that 有时可省去。e.g. my idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.3.一般不用 if 引导表语从句，用 whether.the question is whether we can

5、reduce the cost of the product.4.其他连接词：as if ,as though,because,as,like.it sounds as if/though he has been really ill.5. 主语为 reason：表语从句中的连接词要用 that，不用 why.the reason why he was unhappy is that he has lost his keys.6.表语从句中的虚拟语气.（四）宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词 that 一般可省略。e.g. i hope (that) everything

6、 is all right.2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用 which 或 if 连接，要分别用 what 或 whether。e.g. im interested in whether youve finished the work.im interested in what youve said.3、whether 与 if 都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。宾语从句是否定句时，只用 if，不用 whether。e.g. i wonder if it doesnt rain.用 if 会引起误解，就要用 whether。e.g. please let me know whe

7、ther you want to go.宾语从句中的 whether 与 or not 直接连用，就不能换成 if；不直接连用，可换。e.g. i dont know whether or not the report is true.i dont know whether/ if the report is true or not.介词后的宾语从句要用 whether 引导。whether 可与不定式连用。 whether 也可引导主语从句、 表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句，以上均不能换成 if。但引导条件从句时，只能用 if， 而不能用 whether。e.g. it depe

8、nds on whether we have enough time.they dont know whether to go there.please come to see me if you have time.（五）同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise 等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。1. if 一般不引导同位语从句。2. 引导同位语从句的连接词一般都不省略。e.g. i have no idea when he will be back.the fact that he had n

9、ot said anything surprised everybody.3.定语从句和同位语从句的区别：a:that 引导的两种从句的区别：(1) 定语从句说明名词的性质，特征，来源；同位语从句说明名词所表示的具体内容。(2) 定语从句中 that 充当成分，而同位语从句中 that 只是连词，不充当成分，也不能省略，也不能用 which 替代。(3) 同位语从句的先行词往往使含有某种信息的词：message,news,fact,hope,problem,suggestion. (4)判断方法：凡是同位语从句，皆可以改为：the news/idea/thought is that.的结构，而

10、定语从 句不可以。the news that our team won the game excited us all.=the news was that our team won the game.the news that the radio broadcast this morning is not true at all. b:who,whom,whose,when,where,why 引导的两种从句的区别：引导的定语从句指代前面先行词所表示的人，物，时间，地点，原因。在同位语从句中，表疑问。 i will cherish the time when i won the prize.

11、i have no idea when he won the prize.练习：名词性从句一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句：1. china is no longer what it used to be.2. the truth that the earth turns around the sun is known to all.3. it was snowing when he arrived at the station.4. how he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us a

12、ll.5. the news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.6. the news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing.7. that is where lu xun used to live.8. he spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.9. do you remember the teacher who taught us english at middle sc

13、hool?10. i wonder why she refused my invitation.二、用适当的连词填空：1. i cant decide _ dictionary i should buy.2. thats _ he refused my invitation.3. i am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time. 4. _ we need is more time.5. the fact _ she had not said anything at the meet

14、ing surprised everybody. 6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet.7. please tell me _ you are waiting for.8. is that _ you are looking for?9. would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is?10. i dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not.三、选择填空：1. do you see _ i mean?a. that b. /

15、c. how d. what2. tell me_ is on your mind.a. that b. what c. which d. why3. we must stick to _ we have agreed on.a. what b. that c. / d. how4. let me see _.a. that can i repair the radio b. whether i can repair the radioc. i can repair the radio d. whether can i repair the radio5. keep in mind _.a.

16、that the teacher said b. what did the teacher sayc. that did the teacher say d. what the teacher said6. could you advise me _?a. which book should i read first b. what book should i read firstc. that book 1 should read first d. which book i should read first7. he was criticized for _.a. he had done

17、it b. what he had done c. what had he done d. that he had done it8. would you kindly tell me _?a. how can i get to the beijing railway stationb. how i can get to the beijing railway stationc. where can i get to the beijing railway stationd. whether can i get to the beijing railway station9. mrs. smi

18、th was very much impressed by _.a. what had she seen in china b. that she had seen in chinac. what she had seen in china d. which had she seen in china 10. we took it for granted _a. that they were not coming b. that were they not comingc. they were coming not d. were they not coining11. i really do

19、nt know _a. i should do next b. what should i do nextc. what i should do next d. how i should do next12. im afraid _.a. the little girl will have to be operated onb. that will the little girl have to operate onc. the little girl will have to operate ond. that will the little girl have to be operated

20、 on13. she walked up to _.a. where did i stand b. where i stoodc. i stood there d. where i stood there14. can you tell me _?a. who is that gentleman b. that gentleman is whoc. who that gentleman is d. whom .is that gentleman15. well give you _.a. that do you need b. what do you needc. whatever you n

21、eed d. whether do you need16. they want us to know _ to help us.a. what can they b. what they can c. how they can d. how can they 17. we must put _ into practice.a. what we have learned b. that we have learnedc. that have we learned d. what have we learned18. did she say anything about _?a. that the

22、 work was to be done b. how was the work to be donec. that was the work to be done d. how the work was to be done 19. he was never satisfied with _.a. what she had achieved b. had what she achievedc. she had achieved d. that she achieved20. these photographs will show you _.a. what does our village

23、look like b. what our village looks likec. how does our village look like d. how our village looks like21. peter insisted _ he pay the bill.a. on that b. what c. that d. on which22. they urged _ the library open during the vacation.a. when b. where c. why d. that23. we wish we could have learned _ w

24、hen we were at high school.a. what you did b. that you had donec. that what you did d. what did you do24.1 will describe to you _ i saw when there.a. what b. that c. which d. /25. from _ i should say he is a good worker.a. what 1 know of him b. that i do know of himc. what do i know of him d. that d

25、o i know of him26. i will give this dictionary to _ wants to have it.a. whomever b. anyone c. whoever d. someone27._ they will come here hasn t been decided yet.a. what b. that c. when d. where28. _ was said here must be kept secret.a. who b. the thing c. whatever d. where29. it is still a question

26、_ we shall have our sports meet.a. if b. that c. what d. when30. im going anyway. _ she will go is up to her to decide.a. if or not b. whether or not c. if d. that31. it is strange _ she has left without saying a word.a. that b. what c. why d. how32. it is very clear _ our policy is a correct one.a. what b. that c. why d. where33. _ mr. zhang said is quite right.a. that b. when c. what d. whether34. it has been decided _ he will be sent there.a. if b. wh