非谓语动词学习卷.doc

非谓语动词学习卷 (一)一. 不定式作主语1. 直接作主语（1）眼见为实（2）今天早晨做早操对身体无益（3）在这里吸烟很危险2. 用it作形式主语，有自己特定的句型1）你这么说真是太好了（2）他说出这样的话太愚蠢了（3）我们学好英语是必要的（4）你们学好英语语法并不难3.固定句型（1）李垒每天花两个半小时完成作业（2）你昨晚用多长时间写完的作文？二. 动名词作主语1. 作主语：（1）眼见为实。（2）天天做早操有益于健康。（3）吸烟不是好习惯。2.用it作形式主语，常与no use,no good,useless, worthwhile连用（1）广说不做没用（2）做无益的后悔没用（3）吸烟太多无益（4）学好英语是值得做的巩固练习1. _(没有用) learning without practice2. Its no good _（广说不做）3. Its necessary _(我们学好英语）4. It very kind _ （你帮助我）5. How long _(你每天参加体育活动？）6. Because of the heavy sand storm, _ (今天做晨练） is of no benefit to you.7. It is very generous _ you to buy me such a nice giftA. of B. for C. to D. with8. You are clever; it will be easy _ you to work out the word puzzleA. of B. for C. to D. with9.I think it no good _ without doing anything.A, to play about B, play around playing about D. played around三. 不定式和动名词作宾语1. 常用句型I think it no use doing sth I feel it stupid of him to say such silly things to her I find it uneasy for you to learn your subjects well without hard work Can you tell me how many hours it took you to do your homework?2. 常用不定式作宾语的动词afford ,agree ,attempt, decide ,demand ,expect ,fail ,help, hope ,manage , offer, plan, pretend, prepare, promise, refuse ,seem, tend , wish 3. 常用动名词作宾语的动词(1) 常见动词: 记住下面这句话，巧记共35个多动词Miss Rescall can enjoy five apples at dusk Miss Rescall -miss, mind,risk,recall ,resistCan -cant help, consider ,cant resist ,complete ,cant stand (bear)Enjoy enjoy escape ,excuse ,endure Five finish , feel like, imagine ,includeApples -advise ,avoid ,appreciate ,admit ,allow, practise ,postpone ,pardon ,prevent ,put offdusk -delay ,understand, suggest, keep (deny否认）(2). 常见动词短语: 以介词to结尾的常用短语be/get used to, come to, devote oneself to, listen to, look forward to, object to, get down to, prefer.to, pay attention to, refer to, stick to (3). 常见句型1. spend (waste ).(in) doing 2. be busy (in)doing 3. have difficulty (trouble ,fun ,pleasure ,a good /hard time )in doing 4. stop prevent .(from )doing 5. There is no harm no hurry .(in)doing sth 4. 注意下列11种不同动词或句型的用法(1). forget ,remember , regret +doing 动作已经发生+to do 动作未发生(2). want ,need ,require + doing 表被动注：be worth doing = be worthy to be done(3). try doing 试着做 try to do 尽力做，想要做(4). stop doing 停止做某事，(先后是一件事). stop to do 停下来做某事,(先后不是同一件事)(5). go on doing 继续敌某事，(先后 是同一件事 ) go on to do 接下来做某事，(先后不是同一件事)(6). mean doing 意味着做某事 mean to do 故意或想要做某事 (7). cant help doing sth 抑制不住、禁不住做某事 cant help (to) do sth 无帮助、无助于做某事(8). ,only to do 结果是（出乎预料） ,only doing 结果是 (必然是) (9). prefer to do rather than do 宁愿 而不 prefer doing to doing would rather do than do would do rather than do (10). have nothing to do /do nothing but/except do 只好做（别无选择）(11). 在 begin ,start ,continue 等词后可接不定式作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，意义区别不大.但要注意1）本身是-ing 形式时，其后要接不定式2）主语是物多用不定式3）其后的动词是表示情感的或与智力有关的，不用 v-ing 形式know, realize, hate , love , understand , wonder , remember , forget 巩固练习1. Do you remember _（以前见过这个人吗）?2. He denied _（冤枉了他的父母）3. She regreted _ (在会上给领导提了意见）.4. Dont waste time _ (劝他戒烟）5. I would rather stay at home _ (也不出去玩）6. Do you think it necessary _ (我们学好英语）？7. How long did it take you _ (写完作文）？8. He has done nothing but _（玩了一整天）.9. On hearing the news, Tom _ (抑制不住哭了）.10. Little Sophia went to the theater, only _ (被告知演出结束了）11. Would you mind _ the door? A. open B, opening C, to open D, opened12. “So much for the new words and expressions; lets go on _the text.” the teacher said with a smile. A. to talk about B, talking about C, to be talking D, talk about13. Im sorry, but Ive forgotten _my homework with me. A, to bring B, to be bring C, bringing D, brought14. This room needs _. Its too shabby. A. paint B. painting C. to pain D. painted15. Have you considered _ to improve your spoken English? A. practising listening and speaking B. practising to listen and speak C. to practise listening and speaking D. to practise to listen and speak16. At the age of 18 he began _ the importance of knowledge. A. understand B. understanding C. understood D. to understand17. In the old days, many people couldnt afford _their children to School. A. sent B, sending C, to send D send18. - -We havent heard from Jane for a long time. - -What do you suppose _to her? A. was happening B, to happen C, has happened D. having happened19. We all appreciate _ _ whenever you have time. A. Jane drop in B. Janes dropping in C. Jane to drop in D. Jane drops in20. Have you got used _ in Harbin? A. to living B, to live C, living D, to be living 21. Nobody is willing to go to a party without _. A. asking B, to be asked C, being asked D, having asked四. 非谓语动词作表语1. 不定式作表语: (1). 计划，趋势将要做的 she is to get married next week.(2). 责任，义务必须做的 Im to see you off at the airport tomorrow(3). 祁使,命令不得不做的 Youre to stand here ,do you understand .(4). 命运安排,注定做的 Disney met the mouse and he was to become a famous artist. 2. 动名词作表语(1). 对称原则，主语是动名词，表语一般也用动名词Seeing is believing (2). 动名词作表语表明主语的性质或内容（有时可与主语互换）My job is teaching you English Teaching you English is my job.五. 非谓语动词作定语1. 动名词作定语表示被修饰词用途drinking water =the water that is (used )for drinking drinking water , living room ,sitting room ,washing powder 2. 分词作定语，表被修饰词的特点、特征.单个分词作定语前置，分词短语作定语，放在所修饰词之后。现在分词和过去分词的区别：时态上，现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示已经完成；语态上，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动boiling water =the water that is boiling. fallen leaves, boiled watersleeping child =the child who is asleep a moving film, a moved girlThere was a surprised look on her face at the news.3. 动词不定式作定(1). 后置，表示将来 In the years to come, we will study harder and harder. This is the Hope Project School to be built next year.(2). 当特定的谓语动词(有,需要,给,找,弄have, need, want, give, find, get)后的名词(或宾语)用不定式来修饰. I have a lot of work to do . I want to get something to read .Do you need some water to drink? Please give me a piece of paper to write on. Lets find a room to put those things in .(3). 当名词有特定的定语,如形容词副词的最高级,序数词及next, only, right等,其后接不定式作定语He is the first(student) to come and the last to leave.Where is the best place to meet ?We need the next room to hold corn.He is the only person to be fit for the job.注:(1)不及物动词或特殊用法,要加合适的介词.They need a house to live in. There are many model bikes to choose from. 巩固练习1. Do you know the girl _ (名叫沙丽的）？2. Who is the woman _ (站在柜台后的）3. What is the house _ (在建的）used for?4. Well move into the building _ (明年竣工的）5. Her wish _（当一名作家）will surely come true.6. Where do you think is the best place _ (放这个书架）？7. Can you get me _（一些水喝）8. Who is the right person _（适合这项工作）？9. Its fall already and you can see_ (地上有很多落叶）10. Who is the boy _（经常在操场上踢足球）？11.At the sight of the stranger, there was an _ expression on her faceA. Surprised B, surprising C. shocking D, angry12.The supermarket_ is the biggest one in our city.A.having already been built B, hasing already been builtC.being already built D, already built 课堂检测1.They required me _(不要泄漏秘密）2._（我们劝他戒烟）,but he wouldnt.3.We often go and see them _(打篮球）4.I discovered him _(在说谎）5.We found them _(已经提前完成了任务）6.They were made _(夜以继日地干活）7.The two cheats _(让灯亮了一整夜）8.The thief was caught _(在商店里偷窃）9.The gunshot sent the birds _(四处飞去）10.They are expected _(越来越努力学习）Multiple choice1.The missing boy was last seen _ by the river.A. playing B, play C, played D, to play2.Dont have the horse _ so fast; Its dangerous.A, to run B, runs C, running D, ran3.Tom had his pocket _ on a bus this morning.A, pick B, to pick C, picking D, picked4.People in the south often have their houses _ bamboo.A. made of B, making of C, to be made of D, make of5. People _on the coast often have their houses _by hurricanesA, living;damaging B, living;damaged C, lived,damaged D,live;damage6.I will go back to our hometown. Do you have anything _home?A. to take B, taking C, to be taken D, taken7. Please come here; I have something important _ you.A, telling B, to be told C, told D, to tell8. Girls are not allowed _ their fingernails red at school.A. painted B, painting C. to paint D, to be painted9. Youd better get more people _ the work immediately.A to do B, doing C do D, done10. Youd better get the work _ at once; Its gong to rain.A to do B, doing C do D, done六. 非谓语动词作状语1. 不定式做状语，表示原因,目的或结果。（1）为了强调目的,可与in order to 或so as to 连用。1. I reached home only to find my old dog dead . 2. He got up early (in order)to catch the early bus .3. To improve our English, we come here. 4. Im so glad to see you.5. They went to the railway station, only to be told that the train had left. 注: (1)“only + 不定式”表示出乎预料的结果.(2). 不定 式表结果常与下列结构连用.A. so + adj/ adv + as(not) to do (如此以至于(没） ) Im not so stupid as to do that.B. such + ( adj ) n + as (not)to do (如此以至于(不) ) Im not such a fool as to believe that.C. enough + n + to do (足够 ) I dont have enough money to buy a car.D. adj/adv + enough + to do (足已到/能 ) The girl is old enough to go to school.E. too + adj / adv + to do (太 以至于不能) Im too tired to go any further.2. 分词作状语分词作状语可以表示时间，条件，原因，结果，伴随或方式 ，及独立成分。分词作状语的首要条件是分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，分词与逻辑主语的关系是主动的，用现在分词，反之，用过去分词1, Hearing the news ,he couldnt help laughing .（时间）=2, Given enough time ,I can do it better （条件）=3, Being ill ,he didnt go to school （原因）=4, The glass fell to the ground ,breaking into pieces. (结果）=5, Our teacher came in ,followed by many students (伴随）=6, Judging from his accent, he is from America.7, Generally speaking, one must be confident.1.He came into the room , _(后面簇拥着许多学生）2.His mother died, _(使他成为一个孤儿）3.He went to the railway station, _(却得知火车已经开了）4. Im so glad _(见到你）. Bye-by.5.We got up early _(为了赶上早班车）6. _(从山顶上看）,the park looks more beautiful.7._（作为学生），he always keeps a civil tongue.8._(因为残疾），Tom cannot move around.9.He is so lazy _(以至于考试没有及格）10.She is old enough _（结婚）11.You can never be too careful _ （做工作）12.She is too clever _(不会不理解你的话）13.One is never too old _ (而不能学习）14.I am but too happy _(被邀请参加你的聚会）15._(从口音上判断), youre a Harbinese16.Im not such a fool _(会相信你的鬼话）17.He went to help the old man, _(却被关进监狱） 七. 非谓语动词的时态、语态1.“（你有衣服要洗吗）?the maid asked.2._(没有完成作业),Tom was forbidden to watch TV.3._(正在刷油漆), the house was not allowed to enter.4._(被邀请参加舞会), Mary felt excited.5.The difficult maths problem _(很难算出）.6.She was angry for _(没有被邀请）to the ball.7.The thief stole into the store_(没人看到）8.The flat _(出租）9.The man who was on duty that day _(应受谴责）10.They were proud of _(被派往西藏去工作）11.When the teacher came in, Tom _(假装再看书）12.Ni Ping is said _(写了一本名叫“日子”的书） 13.Song Dandan is said _(在写一本叫“月子”的书）14._(从窗户往外看), I can see many tall buildings.15._(从山顶往下看), the city looks more beautiful.16._(他有很多活要干）.Dont bother him.17._(他有很多活要干) and you can go ,too. 其它: 一不定式的省略与不省略1. 省to 不定式的固定句型(1). had better (not) do you had better stay at home (2). would rather do .than do Id rather stay at home than go out (3). prefer to do .rather than do Id prefer to die rather than steal (4). cannot but do 不得不必然 He cannot but agree.(5). cannot help but do .不得不Eg:I could not help but realize that I was wrong我这才意识到我错了。(6). do nothing but do .nothing to do but/except do 只能 ，只有Eg:I had nothing to do but wait there . (7). why (not )do . Why not ask your teacher for help ?(8). 当主语部分有do ，则表语可省to Eg:What I want to do is run a school =My wish is to run a school (9). 当两个或更多相同的不定式并列使用时，除第一个不定式带to 外其余的不加。She told the child to stay there and wait till she came back .注：如果两者有比较关系，那么每个不定式前都得加to To try and fail is better than not to try at all .2、不省“to”的情况(1). 在used to be going to mean to ought to plan totry towould like to would love to hope to want to下列句子中，to 通常都得留 Eg:He doesnt get up early ,but he used to can you work out this maths problem ? -Ill try to (2). 在 be +adj (如：glad, happy, pleased, anxious, willing, ready）等此后保留to Would you like to go with me? I am glad to.(3). 在ask, advise, allow, permit, persuade, tell, wish 等词的复合结构中to通常保留Eg:Do the experiment as your teacher tells you to(4). 的否定形式后保留toEg:He wanted to quiz school and I advised him not to注：to 后若是主动词have 或 be时，必须保留。Eg:-Sorry, I didnt finished doing my home work. -You ought to haveOur school is no longer what it used to be二非谓语动词的复合结构1. 分词的复合结构(词/代词（主格）+分词)， 在句中多用来作状语He fell to the ground ,nose bleeding He came into the room ,hair tied back . 2. 动名词的复合结构（名词或代词的所有格+ doing)作主语: Marys coming late made her teacher angry Its no use your telling me not to worry 作宾语: Mother insisted on my brothers going to college Would you mind my opening the door? 注：在口语中，动名词前的代词可用宾格，名词也可不用所有格作表语:What is troubling us is their not having enough money 3. With 结构With + 名词或代词（宾格）+ 名词（短语） + 不定式（短语） +现在分词（短语） +过去分词（短语） +介词短语 +形容词（短语） +副词（短语）He came into the room with Tom and Jane his classmates with a lot of work to do with his nose bleeding. with his hair tied at the back. with a pair of sun glasses on his nose. with his face red with cold with nothing on.4. 固定用法：（1）strictly speaking ,generally speaking ,frankly speaking ,judging by /from， broadly speaking talking of , considering , supposing , taking into consideration,Strictly speaking， this sentence is wrong .Judging by the facts , Tom told us the truth . The house cost him, roughly speaking, 200,000 dollars（2）to tell (you )the truth, to be, honest, to be frank, to be exact, to be brief to begin with, to start with, to do him justice (说句对他公道的话）To tell you the truth, I do want to learn English well.To be frank, you have probably done wrong to her.To do him justice, he is quite fit for the job.1._(马丽迟到了）made her teacher quite angry.2._(时间允许）, Ill go with you to the park.3. Its easy _(我们学好英语）4. I find it impossible_(汤姆按时完成作业）.5.This is_(有你来告诉汤姆）6.I have many letters _(要珍妮来写）7.The box is too heavy_( 我抬不起来）8._(跟你说实话吧）, I dont like English9._(严格地讲）, this sentence is wrong.10._(说句对他公道的话）, he is not to blame11._(考虑到他的能力），he did the work fairly well.12._(绿色信号灯给过后), cars and buses began to move.13.He climbed over the fence, _(手里拿着刀）.14.He went to the post office _(要买几张邮票）15.He went out of the post office _(买了几张邮票）16.Tom came into the room, _(手被绑在背后）达标测试1. Because of my poor English, Im afraid I cant make myself _.A. understand B, understood C. to understand D. understanding2. Would you be so kind _ me with the suitcases?A. as help to B, to help C, as to help D. as kind as to3. This book cannot help _ the questionA, to understand B, understanding C, understood D, to understanding4.This book is _.A. worth to be read B, worth being read C, worthy reading D, worthy of being read5.The squirrel was lucky enough to miss _.A. being caugh