学位英语阅读和翻译部分课堂笔记.doc

学位英语阅读和翻译部分笔记密码：chengkaoI. 汉译英部分：1. 先确定所需词组2. 语法结构和时态3. 找出汉语句中的主语和谓语81在房子前面的大树下放着一张桌子。Under the tree in front of the house is a table.Medicine -take effect/have effectSide effectThere is a table under the tree in front of the house. 82他二十七岁时开始学英语。At 27, he began to study English. 83全球化也正在改变人们的生活方式。84这部电影我已经看过好几遍了。I have seen the film for a few times.85这就是他五年前住过的房子。It is/was sth+thatIt is the house that he lived in five years ago.It is/was sb+who/whomIt is/was not until+that81.我们期待和你一起工作。Expect to do sthLook forward to doing sthWe look forward to working with you. 82.他一到上海就给我打了一个长途电话。As soon as, make a long distance callHe made/gave a long distance call for me as soon as he arrived in Shanghai. 83.你知道会议开始的确切时间吗? Do you know what exact time the meeting begins? Do you know the exact time of the meeting? 84.她将成功归因于努力工作。 Oweto/attribute toShe owes her success to hard work. 85.村里的每个人都喜欢他，因为他对人很友好。 Everyone in the village likes him because he is very kind/friendly to all. 81、每当听到这首歌时，我就会想起你。When hearing the song, I will recall you. 82、由于很多学生缺席，我们不得不将会议延期。 Be absent from, put offBecause many students are absent, we have to put off the meeting. 83、他们5年前搬走了，但我们还保持着联系。Keep in touch with each otherSince they moved five years before, we have kept in touch with each other. 84、每当听到这首歌时，我就会想起你。 85、在得到很多细节前，我想避免跟他说话。 Avoid talking with himBefore getting more details, I want to avoid talking with him. 81. 我想说的是，在奥运会上做志愿者（volunteer）对于年轻人是有意义的事。 What I want to say is that it is very meaningful for the youth to work/serve as a volunteer in the Olympic Games. 82. 简而言之，每个人都应该为自己的行为负责。 In short/in a word/in brief, everyone should be responsible for his behaviors/manners.83. 我下决心一个月内在功课上要赶上同学们。Decide to do/make up my mind to do, catch/keep up withI have decided to catch up with the other students in study within a month. 84. 在我看来，他们很难掩盖事实真相。In my view/From my point of view/As for me, it is difficult/hard for them to cover the truth. 85. 直到会议结束那位经理一直保持沉默不语。Until the end of the meeting, the manager kept silent. 81如果我是他，我就会尽最大的努力按时完成任务。 Try ones best to do sth Complete the taskIf I were him, I would try my best to complete the task on time. 82 我不记得在哪见过他。 I dont remember where I met/saw/have seen/met him. 83 这所大学提供了他所期望的一切。 This university offers what he expected. 84 我们一得出结论就通知你。 As soon as, conclude/reach a conclusion, informWe will inform you as soon as we conclude. 85 你们应该充分利用每一个机会说英语。Make good use of/take advantage ofYou should make good use of every opportunity to speak English. Every other week2005年4月1. To my surprise, his English is so good.To my surprise, he speaks English very well.2. It is time for the meeting. Lets turn off the radio. 3. carry out, decide to do sthIn spite of/Despite the difficulties, we still decide to carry out our plan.4. The earth we are in/live in is a big ball/sphere.5. learn from sbWe should learn from Mr. Li because he has rich working experience. Sb be familiar with sthSth be familiar to sbTell right from wrong2005年11月 81正是那棵树在洪水中救了他们的命。Save ones lifeIt is the tree that saved their lives in the flood. 82我们无法想象在那个遥远的星球上存在什么东西。We can not imagine/We wonder what there is/exists in the faraway/distant planet. 83他今早上学又迟到了。昨晚他肯定是睡得太晚了。 He went to school late again this morning. He must have stayed up late last night. 84父母没有预料到孩子的问题这样难回答。Expect to do sth The parents did not expect their childrens questions so hard to answer. 85然而，在那个国家还有成千上万的年轻人却很难找到工作。However, there are thousands of young people difficult/hard to find jobs in that country.2007年4月 81事实上，水污染的危害远不止这点。 In fact, the harm of the water pollution is far more than this. 82 这个问题不像我们最初想象的那么复杂。This problem is not as complicated as we expected/thought. 83 如果你那时没有及时离开，我无法想象会发生什么情况。If you had not left in time, I can not imagine what would have happened then. 84他们发现在下午6点前不可能完成这项工作。They found it impossible to finish the work before 6 p.m. 85由于我没有读过这本书，所以我无法对此作出评论。 Because I have not read the book, I can not make any comment on it. 2011年5月81.最近发生在日本的地震改变了地球表面。Change, surfaceRecently, the earthquake in Japan has changed the earth surface.82.13岁以下的儿童应坐在后座。Back seats The children under 13 should take the back seats.May I take the seat?83.我星期天从不早起。I never get up early on Sundays. 84.孩子的性格受家庭环境影响很大。Character, affectThe childrens characters are greatly affected by their family surroundings. 85.由于我离开得匆忙，忘记带课本了。SothatI left so hurriedly that I forgot to bring my textbooks.Because I left hurriedly, I forgot.be known as Singapore is known as the Lion City.Egypt is known for its Pyramids.S.Korea is known as an economic dragon in Asia.Keep up withCatch up withLeave/fall behind 81他们试图想出一个解决这个问题的办法。Try ones best to do/try to doFind a solution to the problemThey tried to find/get a solution to the problem. 82你离开教室时，别忘了关灯。 Turn off Dont forget to turn off the light when you leave the classroom. 83他喜欢一边做作业，一边听音乐。 He likes doing homework while listening to music. 84我已了解清楚，他的结论是以事实为依据的。 Be based on I have made it clear that his conclusion is based on the facts. 85对于年轻人来说，独立思考问题的能力很重要。It is important for the youth to have the ability to think independently/think by themselves. II. 英译汉部分： 77. Many high achievers who love their careers feel that they are happiest when they are working hard. Work serves as a bridge between man and reality. By work people come into with each other. 那些热爱自己职业的高成就者认为他们努力工作的时是最幸福的。工作将人与事实间搭建了一座桥梁。人与人通过工作彼此结合在一起。 78. When a hungry man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when a manager gets a new sports car, a big house and a pleasure boat dance into view. (Passage 2) .如果一个饥饿的人能够填饱肚子，他就开始考虑一件外衣；如果一位经理拥有了一辆崭新的跑车，豪宅和游艇就在他的考虑之中。 76. Certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle 某些明星发表的言论和树立的榜样似乎非医疗用途使用药物在生活中是正常并且可以接受的。 76. 某些流行歌手和影星发表了一些言论并且树立了这样一些典范，仿佛非医疗用途服用药物是一个人生活当中正常不过事并且是可以被接受的。 77One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability(残疾). 政府最为关心的事在于，人的寿命越长， 就越有可能患上各种疾病和致残。 77. 政府最为头疼的事情之一在于，人们的寿命越长， 出现疾病和残疾的几率就越高。 78Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society. 另外一个重要的问题对年轻人来说就是去理解和尊重老年人在社会中的价值。 78. 另外一个重要的问题在于，要让年轻人理解和尊重老年人在社会中的价值。 79. Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades. 79. 广泛新的研究表明，我们的社会已经在最近几十年中，对于减少贫困 方面取得了卓越的成绩。 80. The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. Give me some helpHe makes a wave to everyone. 80. 新型的经济研究，将来也不会终结这一争论。 76. Certain pop stars make statements and set examples as if the use of drugs for non-medicinal purposes were a normal and acceptable part of a persons lifestyle某些明星所做的言论和树立的榜样似乎非医疗用途使用药物在人的生活方式中是正常的可接受的。 76. 某些流行歌手和影星发表了一些言论并且树立了这样一些典范，仿佛非医疗用途服用药物是一个人生活当中正常不过事并且是可以被接受的。 77One of the biggest worries for governments is that the longer people live, the more likelihood there is for diseases and for disability(残疾). 政府最大的担心是人的寿命越长，患上各种疾病和致残的几率就越大。 77. 政府最为头疼的事情之一在于，人们的寿命越长， 出现疾病和残疾的几率就越高。 78Another significant problem is the need for the younger generations to understand and value the older people in their society.另外一个重要的问题对于年轻人来说就是需要理解和尊重老年人在社会中价值。 78. 另外一个重要的问题在于，要让年轻人理解和尊重老年人在社会中的价值。 79. Extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades. 广泛的新研究表明，世界在近几十年中在减少贫困方面取得了卓越的成就。 79. 广泛新的研究表明，我们的社会已经在最近几十年中，对于减少贫困 方面取得了卓越的成绩。 80. The new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. 新的经济研究将不会终结这种争论。 80. 新型的经济研究，将来也不会终结这一争论。 76. Much unfriendly feelings towards computers has been based on the fear of widespread unemployment resulting from their introduction. 人们对电脑的敌意态度一直以来是由于担心使用电脑会造成大范围的失业.Give me some helpGive me a handI do not like the use of chopsticks for dinner.I always take a walk after dinner. 76、人们对计算机的敌视态度是由于人们担心因为使用计算机而导致的大规模失业。77. After the new system has settled down, people in non-computer jobs are not always replaced when they leave, resulting in a decrease in the number of employees. 在新系统完善以后，非计算机岗位的员工在离职后公司并不会总是为此岗位招募新员工，从而减少了用工数量。77、在新系统稳定应用后，如果非计算机的岗位人员离职，公司不再招收新员工，这导致了雇用人数的减少。 78. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.只有人们的饮食受到限制时， 才有必要专门提供维生素来进行补充。/对缺失的维生素给予特殊的补充。 78、只有在人们的饮食结构受限的时候，人们才需要补充缺失的维生素。 79. It used to distress large numbers of Eastern peoples who lived mainly on rice.这种病过去一直困扰许多主食为大米的东方人。这种病过去一直困扰许多东方人， 他们的主食为大米。 79、这种疾病困扰着大多数以米饭为主食的东方人。 80. It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way.年轻人抵制流行趋势, 坚持自己的风格已经越来越难了。对青少年来说，抵制流行趋势走自己的路变得越来越难。 76. Indian energy officials have been seeking ways to use less imported oil to provide energy. 印度能源部门的官员一直在寻找各种方式以求减少进口燃油提供能源。 76. 印度能源官员一直在寻找某些方法使用更少的进口石油来生产能源。 77. Clocks operate with gears. So do cars and so does the device invented by the Indian scientists to produce electricity.钟表靠齿轮来运转，汽车也是如此。由印度科学家发明用来发电的设备亦是如此。 77. 钟表是由齿轮来驱动的。汽车和这种印度科学家发明的用来发电的设备也是一样。 78. When the issue of smoking at the workplace is discussed, perhaps the most important problem is the health risk that smoking causes to both smokers and never-smokers.在谈到工作场所的吸烟问题时，或许最重要的问题就是健康上的风险，这种风险是由于吸烟对于吸烟者和非吸烟者共同造成的。78如果讨论工作场所吸烟的问题时，也许最重要的问题是，吸烟对吸烟者和不吸烟者的健康都会造成危害。 79. Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories.如今，美国的研究人员认为，他们即将会开发出一种药片，它能够帮助人们忘掉不愉快的记忆。79. 如今，美国的研究人员认为他们即将开发出一种药片，这种药可以帮助人们忘掉不好的记忆。 80. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.迄今为止，研究表明，这种药片只能降低记忆中情感的影响，而不能彻底删除这种记忆。 80. 迄今为止，研究已经显示，这种药能够减少的只是记忆的情感影响，而不是删除记忆 。 76. The rest that you get while sleeping enables your body to prepare itself for the next day. （Passage 1）你在/从睡眠中身体获得休息能够使你为第二天的活动做好准备。 你的身体在睡眠时所获得的休息能够让你为第二天的活动做好准备。 76. 你从睡眠中得到的休息能使身体为第二天的活动做好准备。 77. If you have trouble falling asleep, some people recommend breathing very slowly and very deeply. （Passage 1）如果你入睡困难，则建议你做缓慢的深呼吸. 77. 如果你入睡有困难的话，建议你缓慢地做深呼吸。 78. In the first place, television is not only a convenient source of entertainment, but also a comparatively cheap one. （Passage 2）首先，电视不仅是一种方便的娱乐形式，而且相对便宜。 78. 首先，电视是一种很方便的娱乐形式，而且相对便宜。 79. We get so used to looking at the movements on it, so dependent on its pictures, that it begins to control our lives. （Passage 2）我们如此地习惯于电视上的各种节目，如此地依赖于电视的各种画面，以至于电视开始控制我们的生活。 79我们是如此习惯地享乐于电视中的节目，如此依赖于电视节目中那些令人快乐的画面 ，以至于电视已控制了我们的生活。 80. Our school leavers face so much competition that they seldom care what they do as long as they can earn a living. （Passage 3我们学校的毕业生面临如此激烈的竞争，以至于只要能够谋生，他们很少在乎做什么。 80. 我们的毕业生们要面对的是如此激烈的竞争，这就使得他们只要能够谋生，并不在乎自己做的是什么职业。 76. If they try hard to do something and fail, they may conclude that they will never be able to accomplish a task.如果他们努力地做了某件事却失败了，或许他们会得出这样的结论，他们将永远不会做成任何事。 （Passage 1） 76. 如果他们努力做什么但又没有成功，或许他们会得出这样的结论，他们将永远不会完成某项特定的任务。 77. Water is so low in the canals of northern France that waterway traffic is forbidden except on weekends. （Passage 2） 法国北部运河中的水位如此之低，以至于除周末外，水路处于禁航状态。 77. 法国北部运河中的水位如此之低，以至于水路运输除周末外其他时间采取禁航措施。 78. Governments in drought-spread countries are taking severe measures. Authorities in hard-hit areas of France have banned washing cars and watering lawns. （Passage 2） 干旱地区的政府正采取严格的措施。法国旱灾严重地区的当局已经禁止当地居民洗车和灌溉草坪。 78. 遭受干旱严重的国家正采取严厉措施。法国受旱严重地区的当局已禁止民众洗车和浇灌草地。 79. Burning garbage is not a new idea. Some cities in Europe and the United States have been burning garbage for years. （Passage 3） 79焚烧垃圾替代能源并不是一个全新的概念。在美国和欧洲的一些城市多年来一直以焚烧垃圾的形式节约能源。 80. Our fossil fuel supplies are limited. Burning garbage might be one kind of energy source that we can use to help meet our energy needs. （Passage 3）焚烧垃圾或许是一种能源形式，这种能源我们可以用来满足我们对能源的需求。 80. 地球上的化石燃料是有限的。利用焚烧垃圾作为一种能源或许能够满足我们的能源需求。 76. Thus, those who ran the most ate the most, yet lost the greatest amount of body fat.（ Passage1）因此，活动量大的人饭量就大，消耗的脂肪量就越大。 76. 因此，活动量大的人饭量就大，消耗的脂肪就最多。 的回答家长阅读的内容，孩子的语言能力就会提高。 77. How parents talk to their children makes a big difference in the childrens language development. If a parent encourages the child to actively respond to what the parent is reading, the childs language skills increase.（ Passage2） 父母如何与孩子交流在孩子语言能力发展方面有着重大的影响。如果家长鼓励孩子积极回应其所读的内容，孩子的语言能力就会提高。 78. 同时指导实验小组中家长们帮助孩子如何查找答案，如何建议相似答案，如何对孩子做出的正确答案给予表扬。 78. The parents in the experimental group were also instructed in how to help children find answers, how to suggest alternative possibilities and how to praise correct answers.（ Passage2） 实验小组中的家长们同时也受到了指导如何帮助孩子找到答案，如何建议可选择的其他答案，如何对孩子所做出的正确答案给予表扬。 77. 家长与孩子的沟通方式对孩子语言的发展有着很大的影响。如果家长鼓励孩子积极地 79发生在19世纪的农业革命涉及到两个方面：发明了省力的机械和发展了科学农业。 79. The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things： the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. 80. 到1860年以前, 我们如今使用的大部分机械都是以早期样式发展而来的。 80. By 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form.（ Passage3）2005年4月 76. For instance, when in a new situation, an intelligent person thinks about the situation, not about himself or what might happen to him. (Passage 1)比如说, 在新的环境中, 聪明人往往考虑的是这种环境本身, 而并非考虑他本人会如何或对其会发生什么. 比如说，如果面对某种新情况，聪明人往往考虑的是这种情况本身，而并非是考虑自己这种情况会对自己有何不利影响