2024年初中英语名词性从句的总结归纳

名詞性從句NounClause本章要點宾語從句主語從句表語從句同位語從句名詞性從句語法點分述一、宾語從句引导宾語從句的连接詞that引导(that可以省略)Iknow(that)mostmatterhasthreestates（状态）.♥Attention♥宾語從句中that不可省略的状况宾語從句that常可省略，但在如下状况下不能省略當主句谓語動詞带有两個或两個以上宾語從句時，可以省略第一种that，其他不能省略。Ibelieve(that)youhavedoneyourbestandthatthingswillgetbetter.當it作形式宾語時當宾語從句後跟有宾語补足語時，一般在宾語從句处使用形式宾語it，将真正的宾語從句移至句末。构造公式：构造公式：主語+consider/find/make/regard/think/+it+宾补+that+句子/todosthShemadeitcleartoherparentsthatshewouldlearntodealwithvariousproblems.★小试身手★特朗普說得很清晰他想當總统。(make…clear)我們理所當然的认為父母应當愛我們一辈子。(take…forgranted)consider,we,it,should,that,with,importance,all,of,great,we,theory,combine,practice（连詞成句）whether/if引导在whether……ornot的固定搭配中，不能用if。Idon’tknowwhetherhewillstudyabroadornot.在介詞後，只能用whether和特殊疑問詞，不能用if。Hisfatherisconcernedaboutwhetherhewillbekickedoutofschool.♥Attention♥ifif或whether引导的宾語從句時，虽具有疑問意义，但從句語序应用陈說句語序。在考试中假如确定句子意思表达“与否”，则一定选择用whether。★小试身手★Iwonder________there’sanyneedtospendsomuchmoneyontheparty.Somepeoplebelieve________amonkeypersonissociable.Sheisworriedabout________shecangetpromoted.Teachertoldthestudents________thesun________(have)eightplanets.连接代詞以及连接副詞引导构造公式：连接代詞：who/whom/whose/which/what+陈說語序的句子Idon’tknowwho[whom]youaretalkingabout.连接副詞：where/why/when/how/howmany等一切特殊疑問詞+陈說語序的句子Idon’tknowwhyyouarelate.★小试身手★只有小孩子懂得自已在找什么。ProfessorNelsonwantedtoknow______. A.whenwouldtheconferencebegin B.Whentheconferencewouldbegin C.whenwilltheconferencebegin D.whentheconferencewillbeginI’mnotsure______. A.whatistheassignmentoftomorrow B.whattheassignmentfortomorrowisC.whatwilltheassignmentfortomorrowbeD.whatwillbetheassignmentoftomorrow宾語從句连詞總結连詞阐明例句that1.宾語從句用连詞that,that没故意义仅起连接作用。that可以省略。Ihaveseriousreasontobelievethattheplanetistheasteroid（小行星）knownasB-612.who,whom,what,which2.连接代詞who,whom,what,which，在宾語從句中做重要成分。Igaveupwhatmighthavebeenamagnificentcareerasapainter.how,when,where3.连接副詞how,when,where在宾語從句中作次要成分。Idon’tknowwhereheis.if或whetherif或whether在宾語從句中只起连接作用，不起語法作用，當作“与否”讲。從句中有ornot构造時，要用whether。Idonotknowif(whether)hewillcome.宾語從句的語序宾語從句除個别状况外，所有使用陈說句語序。Idon'tknowwhat'sthematter.Idon'tknowwhat'swrong.Idon'tknowwhat'sontoday.Idon'tknowwhichisthewaytothecinema.★小试身手★Doyouknow__A___?A.whenthesportsmeetingwillbeginB.whenthesportsmeetingbeginsC.whenthesportsmeetingbeginD.whenwillbeginthesportsmeetingWillthissheephavetohaveagreatdealofgrass?Doyouthink…(连接成宾語從句)宾語從句的時态主句宾語從句目前時或未来時時态一般不受主句的時态影响過去時從句用一般過去時或過去進行時表达与主句谓語動詞動作同步发生；從句過去完毕時表达该動作发生在主句谓語動作之前；從句谓語用過去未来時表达该動作发生在主句谓語動作之後★小试身手★Idon’tknowifweeachhaveadestiny,orifwe’realljustfloatingaroundaccidentally,likeonabreeze.Thescientisttoldthestudentthatthesun____________round.(be)Ibelievethatthefriendshipbetweenus_______forever.(last)Iknewthatourteam_____________(win)thecompetition.KateknowswhatJohn_____now. A.doesB.willdoC.hasdoneD.isdoing宾語從句否认转移主句主語人称否认前移例句反义疑問句第一人称YesIdon’tthinktheweatherwillbebettertomorrow,willit?Idon’tbelievehecanfinishthetaskinanhour,canhe?問從句第二，第三人称NoShethoughtthatfilmwasnotinteresting,didn’tshe?Youthinkyoucan'tgetupearly,don’tyou?問主句★小试身手★Wehavetofinishtheworknow.（反义疑問？______________）Younevertolduswhyyouwerelateforthemeeting.（反义疑問？_____________）Nacy,sweeptheclassroom,______？A.don’tyouB.doyouC.willyouD.doesn’tshe--Hedidn’tgotothelecturethismorning,didhe?--______.Toughhewasnotfeelingverywell.A.No,hedidn’tB.Yes,hedidC.No,hedidD.Yes,hedidn’t宾語從句和動詞不定式转换类似Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.=Idon’tknowwhattodo.whattodowith;howtodealwith固定詞组使用方法。Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddowiththismessysituation.=Idon’tknowwhattodowiththismessysituation.★小试身手★宾語從句和不定式转换练习：Ibelievethatheisanhonestman.(保持原句意思) Ibelieve_____to_____anhonestman.Heexpectedtobeforgiven.(保持原句意思) Heexpectedthathe__________forgiven.Heisn’tintheofficenow,Ithink.(保持原句意思)I__________he_____intheoffice.Hewillpasstheexam.Wethinkitpossible.(合并為一句)Wethink__________hewillpasstheexam.主語從句主語從句可以直接放在句首；也可用主語從句可以直接放在句首；也可用it作形式主語，而将從句放在句末。主語從句的引导詞主語從句主語從句一般由连詞that和whether、连接代詞或连接副詞引导。that引导Thatasinglemaninpossessionofagoodfortunemustbeinwantofawifeisatruthuniversallyacknowledged.(用it改写)♥Attention♥that引导的主語從句出目前句首時，that不可省略。whether引导Whetherchewinggumhelpspreventtoothdecayisunknowntome.(用it改写)♥Attention♥用whether引导主語從句，而不用if。连接代詞引导所有值得做的事情都值得做好。♥Attention♥连接代詞引导，不能用it改写Whoeverleaveslastturnsoffthelight.连接副詞引导doesn’tmatter.wasamystery.♥Attention♥谓語動詞一律用第三人称單数what引导(相称于中文的“的字构造”)，主谓一致問題“看後”Whatwehaveisknowledge,butwhatweneedarechances.★小试身手★沙漠之因此漂亮，是由于在它的某個角落隐藏著一口井。主語從句与形式主語it常見的用it作形式主語的复合构造：构造详细状况中文Itis+n./adj.+thatItisapity/shamethat...Itisasurprisethat…Itisafactthat…Itiscommonknowledgethat…It’scertainthat…Itispossible/likelythat...Itisobvious/clearthat…Itistruethat…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…可惜的是……令人吃惊的是…事实是……是常识肯定…很也許……很明显…确实…It+不及物動詞+thatIthappenedthat...Itoccurredtomethat…Itappears/seemsthat…Itturnedoutthat…碰巧……我忽然想起…似乎，仿佛…本来…It+be+過去分詞+從句Itissaidthat...Itisknowntoallthat...Itisreportedthat...Itisbelievedthat...Itissuggestedthat+(should)do...听說……众所周知……据报道……据相信…；人們相信…提议……★小试身手★紙是中国首先造出来的，這是事实。人类不也許受机器人的控制。我們此前似乎在哪儿見過。据报道，到目前為止，已經有91個孩子在洪水中失去了生命。♥Attention♥主語從句中that位于句首時不可省略；不過假如主語從句放在背面，that可以省略。水可以被用来发電是事实。主語從句放在前面只能用whether，而不能用if；不過假如主語從句放在背面，whether和if都可以使用。他与否能安然無恙的回来還是個問題。三、表語從句表語從句的连接詞That连接表語從句，既没有含义也不在從句中担任成分。人生值得欣慰（solace）之处便是，每一天均有結束的時候。今天亦不例外。附属连詞whether,as,asif/though引导的表語從句，有含义，但在從句中不充當任何成分。Itseemsasiftheballoonisfilledwithhelium（氦气）.because,why引导的表語從句，一般置于be動詞之後的表語從句。Thatiswhyglobalclimateisbecomingwarmerandwarmer.连接代詞who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever。连接副詞where,when,how,why這些连詞都既有含义也充當一定的句子成分。ThemostdistantwayintheworldisnotwhenIstandinfrontofyou,youarenotsureIloveyou.Itiswhenmyloveisbewildering（痴迷的）thesoul,butIcan’tspeakitout.表語從句只用whether不用if表达“与否”。問題是許多国家与否可以维护国家主权（statesovereignty）。當主語是reason時，表語從句的连接詞用that。我媽媽难過的原因是丢了一种包，這個包裏装了诸多重要的文献。四．同位語從句同位語從句的连接詞引导同位語從句的詞語引导同位語從句的詞語一般有连詞that，whether，连接代詞和连接副詞等。that引导同位語從句主句中有些詞义比较抽象的名詞主句中有些詞义比较抽象的名詞,如belief,doubt,evidence,idea,fact,hope,possibility,thought等，可以用that引出的從句做同位語，叫做同位語從句，that不可以省略。That從句的内容即為這個名詞的内容，that在從句中不充當成分。whether可引导同位語從句，但if不能引导同位語從句同位語從句与定語從句的区别意义的不一样:Wearegladatthenewsthathewillcome.（news的内容就是thathewillcome，故that引导的是同位語從句。）Wearegladatthenewsthathetoldus.（that從句是限制thenews的内容的，即我們快乐只是由于他告诉的這個news而不是他的news，故that從句為定語從句。）引导詞的功能上的不一样：thatthat引导同位語從句時，它不充當句子成分，而引导定語從句時，它作為关系代詞，要么充當定語從句的主語，要么充當定語從句的宾語。Todaythereisevidencethattheresourcesoftheseaareasseriouslythreatenedasthoseoftheland.ThereisnodoubtthatPremierWenJiabaoisanexcellentleader.五、名詞性從句的注意事项語序問題连接詞的选用問題that,whether,if,asif都不作句子的任何成分。因此，它們所引导的句子构造必须完整。因此，它們所引导的句子构造必须完整。that一般用于确定的語气中，引导宾語從句時，口語中的that可省略，而其他状况中的that一般不可省；而whether,if一般用于不确定的語句中。如：ThathelearntEnglishbeforeiscertain.他學過英語是肯定的。Idon’tknowwhether/ifhewilllearnEnglish.我不懂得他与否會學英語。HelooksasifheknowsEnglish.看起来他仿佛懂得英語。★小试身手★Itseemsaperpetual（永恒的）rulethatflops（失败）areproducedelatedly（兴高采烈的）andmasterpiecespainstakingly（辛劳的）.Thisiswherealldreamsbegin.Whatweshouldcareaboutisnotwhereit’sheadedbutwhatweseeandhowwefeel.Iloveyounotforwhoyouare,butforwhoIamwithyou.Thenewsgotaroundthatthegeneralmanagerwouldmarryhissecretaryinthecompany.Itstillremainsamysterywhathewillassignfortheclass.Happinessdoesn’tdependonwhoyouareorwhatyouhave;itdependssolelyonwhatyouthink.Pleaserememberwhatyoudonowwilldecideyourfuturedirectly.Whatweanticipateseldomoccurs;whatweleastexpectgenerallyhappens.Youwillneverknowwhatyouwillbe.Review一、选择題(中考題型)：1. Doyouthink______anAmericanfilmtomorrow? A.isthereB.there'sgoingtobe C.willtherebeD.there'sgoingtohave2. Whatdoyouthink______theseyoungpeoplesoexcited? A.makingB.tomakeC.makesD.thatmakes3.--Wheredoyouthink______he______thecomputer?--Sorry,Ihavenoidea. A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.does;buy4. Iwastold______BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputer. A.thathowB.howthatC.whenthatD.thatwhen5. Iwanttoknow______. A.whatishisnameB.what'shisname C.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis6.--Weneverknow______theoldmanis.--Thatsayheisateacher. A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where7. Wouldyoupleasetellme______next,MrWang? A.whatshouldwedoB.weshoulddowhat C.whatweshoulddoD.shouldwedowhat8. Theywereallpleasedwith______them. A.whatyousaidB.whatdidyousayto C.whatyouspokeD.whatyouhadtold9. Doyouknow______duringthecomingsummerholiday? A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdo C.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid10.--Idon'tknow______.Couldyoushowmetheway?--Certainly. A.wherethepostofficeisB.whereisthepostoffice C.whereIcangettothepostofficeD.howcanIgettothepostoffice11. Idon'trememberwhere______inthecitywhenhewasyoung. A.didheworkB.heworked C.hehadworkedD.hehasworked12. Theyaskedme______duringtheMayDayholidays. A.wherehadIgoneB.whereIhadbeen C.wherehadIbeenD.whereIhadgone13. Canyoutellme______?I'mhisoldfriend. A.wheredoesJimliveB.whenwillJimcomeback C.whereJimhasgoneD.howisJim14. -I'mwaitingforthemail.Doyouknow______itwillarrive? -Usuallyitcomesby4:00. A.howB.whenC.whereD.what15. -Doyouknow______? -Nextyear. A.whenhecamehereB.whendidhecomehere C.whenhewillcomeD.whenwillhecomehere16. --Doyouknow______? --Theymovedheresoonaftertheirsonwasborn. A.whenwouldtheGreenmovehereB.whentheGreensmovedhere C.theGreenswouldmovedhereD.whentheGreenswouldmovehere17. Couldyoutellme______? A.whenwillTomcomebackB.whendoesTomcomeback C.whenTomwillcomebackD.whenTomcomesback18.--Ireallywanttoknow______LiLeiis.--Itissaidthatheismuchbetterthesedays. A.whatB.howC.whereD.who19.--Doyouknow______?--Yes,Ido.Shecamehereonfoot. A.whereKatecamefromB.howKatecamehere C.whenKatecomeshereD.whyKatedidn'tcomehere20. Couldyoutellme______thebikewithoutanyhelpthismorning? A.howdoeshemendB.howhemends C.howhemendedD.howdidhemend二、按规定改写句子