2025年高考英语总复习《阅读理解之推理判断题》专项测试卷带答案

第页2025年高考英语总复习《阅读理解之推理判断题》专项测试卷带答案学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解推理判断题快问快答Q1：阅读理解推理判断题有什么特点？A1：推理判断题属于阅读理解较难题型，每年必考，占3-6题，需要有较强的阅读理解和做题技能。Q2：阅读理解推理判断题做题步骤如何？A2：一是“找词”--先从题干中提取关键性(题眼)，二是“定位”--寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句做好标记，三是“比对”--仔细比对四个选项与文中原句关系，确认属于哪一种推理判断题，最后去伪存真确定答案。Q3：阅读理解推理判断题有哪些考查方法？A3：阅读理解推理判断题有六大考查方向：一是考查态度推断，二是考查下段话题推断，三是考查写作意图推断，四是考查文章出处推断，五是考查文体推断，六是考查活动评价推断。Q4：如何提高阅读理解推理判断题正答率？A4：一要掌握阅读理解推理判断题命题规律和选项特征，二要不断扩大词汇量，尤其是3500高考高频词汇，三要广泛进行阅读实践和专项训练，积累推理判断经验，掌握推理判断“源于文章，高于文章”这一要旨，摸索出一套行之有效的个性化做题模式，四要重视纠错，探寻错误原因，防止出现类似错误。二、阅读理解推理判断题高考考情推理判断题是高考阅读理解试题中的重要题型之一,包括推理和判断两个方面，是考生失分率较高的题型。考查考生透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，进行逻辑推理，对文章的细节、作者的态度、意图作出正确推理判断的能力。分析今年高考题可知，推断题呈不断上升的趋势，且由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义词及长难句来考查考生对语言的理解能力，难度比之前有所增加。2022-2024高考阅读理解考点统计卷别细节理解题推理判断题推理判断题主旨大意题2024新课标I卷91412024新课标II卷91412023新课标I卷61712023新课标II卷61712022新课标I卷82412022新课标II卷82412024全国甲卷71612023全国甲卷81512023全国乙卷51812022全国甲卷81332022全国乙卷10131三、阅读理解推理判断题命题特点【设问特点】特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及推断作者态度、文章出处、文章类型、写作意图、下段话题等。35.WhatisDaru’ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps? （2024新课标I卷，隐含含义题）35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext? （2024新课标I卷，写作意图题）31.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services? （2024全国甲卷，态度推断题）26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?（2023新课标I卷，人物评价题）31.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout? （2023全国乙卷，预测下段题）21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom? （2022新课标I卷，文章出处题）29.HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?（2020浙江卷，写作手法题）27.Whatisthetext? （2022全国乙卷，文体推断题）【选项规律】正确选项特征同义替换对原文句子中的关键词进行替换，成为正确选项正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。语言简化把原文中复杂的语言现象进行简化，设置为答案。语态变化改变原文重点词性或语态，给考生制造了某些障碍。干扰选项特征张冠李戴为原文内容，但与题目文不对题，不符合题目要求。偷梁换柱在意思上与原文非常相似但在某个细节上有变动。正误参半选项内容部分正确，部分错误。颠倒是非与原文意思大相径庭或完全相反。无中生有符合常识但与原文不符或原文并未提及。扩缩范围以偏概全如：almost,all,nearly,never,completely等绝对词与文章意义不符。四、阅读理解推理判断题思维导图五、阅读理解推理判断题考法点拨考法一：态度推断题解题步骤：第一步：结合题干定位原文一处或多处信息，圈划留下做题痕迹。第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意同义替换，进行信息融合概括提炼。第三步：留意积累表示肯定、否定、客观等态度类高频词汇备用。第四步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三个对照，核实后确认最佳答案。思维导图：【调研01】(2024全国甲卷第31题)【原文】Doctorsseeupto150patientseveryday.Thetrain’sequipmentallowsforbasiccheckups.“Iwasveryimpressedbythedoctorsandtheirassistantsworkingandlivinginsuchlittlespacebutstillstayingfocusedandveryconcerned,”saysDucke.“Theywerethebestchanceformanyruralpeopletogetthetreatmenttheywant.”31.WhatisDucke’sattitudetowardtheSaintLukas’services?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful C.Ambiguous. D.Cautious.【调研02】(2023年新高考I卷第35题)【原文】Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwhatthegroupmembersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Didtheyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn’tthedominantresponse.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogether.”Somehow,theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajashavelimitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingareenormous.35.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardNavajas’studies?A.Unclear. B.Dismissive. C.Doubtful. D.Approving.考法二：预测下段题解题步骤：1.从第一段入手。实用类说明文只要考生把握好第一段即主题段内容,顺藤摸瓜,即可推断下段内容应该是主题段中尚未提及的内容。2.从最后一段入手。有时候,作者在最后一段提到一个话题,但是没有充分说明,因此需要在下一段就此问题深入分析、论述或讨论。所以考生学会依据最后一段甚至最后一句话进行推断也不失为明智选择。【调研03】(2023全国乙卷第33题)【原文】Accordingtoanewstudyfrommarketanalysts,1in5BritonssaythatwatchingcookeryprogrammesonTVhasencouragedthemtotrydifferentfood.Almostonethirdsaytheynowuseawidervarietyofingredients(配料)thantheyusedto,andjustunder1in4saytheynowbuybetterqualityingredientsthanbefore.OneinfouradultssaythatTVchefshavemadethemmuchmoreconfidentaboutexpandingtheircookeryknowledgeandskills,andyoungpeoplearealsogettingmoreinterestedincooking.TheUK’sobsession(痴迷)withfoodisreflectedthroughtelevisionscheduling.Cookeryshowsanddocumentariesaboutfoodarebroadcastmoreoftenthanbefore.WithanincreasingnumberofmalechefsonTV,it’snolonger“uncool”forboystolikecooking.33.Whatmighttheauthorcontinuetalkingabout?A.Theartofcookinginothercountries. B.MalechefsonTVprogrammes.C.TablemannersintheUK. D.Studiesofbigeaters.【调研04】(2011安徽卷第63题)【原文】Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind(磨碎)wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepundergroundwhenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthe1ate1800s,peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisal1owedthemtopeopleinalmostall1areasoftheUnitedStates,windmillswererarelyused.Duringthecourse1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighercoasts.Today,thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.63.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Theadvantageofwindpower.B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.D.Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.考法三：意图推断题解题步骤：第一步：结合题干定位原文一处或多处信息，圈划留下做题痕迹。第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意同义替换，进行信息融合概括提炼。第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案。思维导图：【调研05】(2023新高考I卷第28题)【原文】Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecideit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.28.Whatisthebookaimedat?A.Teachingcriticalthinkingskills. B.Advocatingasimpledigitallifestyle.C.Solvingphilosophicalproblems. D.Promotingtheuseofadigitaldevice.【调研06】(2023浙江1月卷第33题)【原文】“Solarprojectsneedtobegoodneighbors,”saysJordanMacknick,theheadoftheInnovativeSitePreparationandImpactReductionsontheEnvironment(InSPIRE)project.“Theyneedtobeprotectorsofthelandandcontributetotheagriculturaleconomy.”InSPIREisinvestigatingpracticalapproachesto“low-impact”solardevelopment,whichfocusesonestablishingandoperatingsolarfarmsinawaythatiskindertotheland.Oneoftheeasiestlow-impactsolarstrategiesisprovidinghabitatforpollinators(传粉昆虫).33.WhatdoesInSPIREaimtodo?A.Improvetheproductivityoflocalfarms.B.Inventnewmethodsforcontrollingweeds.C.Makesolarprojectsenvironmentallyfriendly.D.Promotetheuseofsolarenergyinruralareas.考法四：推断出处题解题步骤：第一步：结合题干定位原文关键句、关键词，圈划留下做题痕迹第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意同义替换，进行信息融合概括提炼第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案思维导图：【调研07】(2023全国乙卷第35题)【原文】Ifyouwanttotellthehistoryofthewholeworld,ahistorythatdoesnotprivilegeonepartofhumanity,youcannotdoitthroughtextsalone,becauseonlysomeoftheworldhaseverhadtexts,whilemostoftheworld,formostofthetime,hasnot.Writingisoneofhumanity’slaterachievements,anduntilfairlyrecentlyevenmanyliterate(有文字的)societiesrecordedtheirconcernsnotonlyinwritingbutinthings.…Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsknowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofBeninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgivesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetoreadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.35.Whichofthefollowingbooksisthetextmostlikelyselectedfrom?A.HowMapsTellStoriesoftheWorldB.AShortHistoryofAustraliaC.AHistoryoftheWorldin100ObjectsD.HowArtWorksTellStories【调研08】(2022新高考I卷第21题)【原文】GradingPoliciesforIntroductiontoLiteratureGradingScale90-100,A;80-89,B;70-79,C;60-69,D;Below60,E.Essays(60%)Yourfourmajoressayswillcombinetoformthemainpartofthegradeforthiscourse:Essay1=10%;Essay2=15%;Essay3=15%;Essay4=20%.GroupAssignments(30%)Studentswillworkingroupstocompletefourassignments(作业)duringthecourse.AlltheassignmentswillbesubmittedbytheassigneddatethroughBlackboard,ouronlinelearningandcoursemanagementsystem.DailyWork/In-ClassWritingsandTests/GroupWork/Homework(10%)…LateWork…21.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Acourseplan. D.Anacademicarticle.考法五：文体推断题解题步骤：第一步：结合题干定位原文关键句、关键词，圈划留下做题痕迹第二步：仔细梳理信息，注意掌握技巧，进行信息融合概括提炼第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案思维导图：解题步骤：新闻报道类文章(anewsreport)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容，下面陈述细节。图书评论类文章(abookreview)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。科普杂志类文章(asciencemagazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。【调研09】(2022浙江1月卷第26题)TheUnitedStatesrosetoglobalpoweronthestrengthofitstechnology,andthelifebloodthattechnologyhaslongbeenelectricity.Byprovidinglong-distancecommunicationandenergy,electricitycreatedthemodemworld.Yetproperlyunderstood,theageofelectricityismerelythesecondstageintheageofsteam,whichbeganacenturyearlier."Itiscuriousthatnoonehasputtogetherahistoryofboththesteamandelectricrevolutions."writesMauryKleininhisbookThePowerMakers,Steam,Electricity,andtheMenInventedModemAmerica.Klein,anotedhistorianoftechnology,spinsanarrativesolivelythatattimesitreadslikeanovel.Thestorybeginsinthelastyearsofthe18thcenturyinScotland,whereWattperfected"themachinethatchangedtheworld".Kleinwrites,"Americadidnotinventthesteamengine,butoncetheygraspeditspasswordstheyputittomoreusesthananyoneelse."Meanwhile,overthecourseof19thcentury,electricitywentfrommerecuriositytoabasicnecessity.Morseinventedacodeforsendingmessagesoveranelectromagneticcircuit.Bellthengavethetelegraphavoice.EdisonperfectedanincandescentbullsthatbroughtelectriclightintotheAmericanhome.Mostimportantly,Edisonrealizedthatsuccessdependedonmasselectrification,whichheshowedinNewYorkCity.WithhelpfromTesla,Westinghouse'sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent,whichsoonbecamethemajorformsofpowerdelivery.Toframehisstory,KleincreatesthecharacterofNed,afictionalwitnesstotheprogressbroughtaboutbythesteamsandelectricrevolutionsinAmericaduringoneman'slifetime.It'satechniquethathelpsturnalongnarrativeintoaninterestingone.26.Whatisthetext?A.Abiography. B.Abookreview. C.Ashortstory.D.Asciencereport.【调研10】（2022全国乙卷C篇）In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaone-roomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff’sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahair-raisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed(牵涉)drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy’sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism(坚忍)ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:“Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.”24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool. B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook. D.Todosightseeing.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect. B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids. D.Theysufferedseverehardships.26.WhichpartofWickenden’swritingishair-raising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn. B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies. D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport. B.Abookreview. C.Achildren’sstory. D.Adiaryentry.考法六：活动评价题解题步骤：第一步：结合题干定位原文关键句、关键词，圈划留下做题痕迹第二步：仔细梳理信息，特别关注形容词感情色彩进行概括提炼第三步：利用“题干+原文+选项”三对照，核实后确认最佳答案【调研11】（2023新高考II卷第26题）Sheaddsthattheprogram’sbenefitsgobeyondnutrition.Somestudentsgetsointerestedingardeningthattheybringhomeseedstostarttheirownvegetablegardens.Besides,workinginthegardenseemstohaveacalmingeffectonJaramillo’sspecialeducationstudents,manyofwhomhaveemotionalcontrolissues.“Theygetoutside,”shesays,“andtheyfeelsuccessful.”26.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheimpactoftheprogram?A.Far-reaching.影响深远的 B.Predictable.可预测的C.Short-lived.短暂的 D.Unidentifiable.难以确认的【调研12】（2023全国乙卷第27题）OnetimemyfriendsandIdrovethreehourstoDevil’sLake,Wisconsin,toclimbthepurplequartz(石英)rockaroundthelake.Afterwefoundacrazy-lookingroadthathungoverabunchofrocks,wedecidedtophotographthesceneatsunset.Thepositionenabledustolookoverthelakewiththesunsetinthebackground.Wemanagedtoleavethisspottoclimbhigherbecauseofthesparetimeuntilsunset.However,wedidnotmarktheroute(路线)soweendedupalmostmissingthesunsetentirely.Oncewefoundtheplace,itwasstressfulgettinglightsandcamerassetupinthelimitedtime.Still,lookingbackonthephotos,theyaresomeofmybestshotsthoughtheycouldhavebeensomuchbetterifIwouldhavebeenpreparedandmanagedmytimewisely.27.HowdoestheauthorfindhisphotostakenatDevil’sLake?A.Amusing.B.Satisfying.C.Encouraging. D.Comforting.六、阅读理解推理判断题真题演练【演练01】（2024新课标I卷第27题）Farberiscertainthattheholisticapproachwillgrowmorepopularwithtime,andifthepastisanyindication,hemayberight:Since1982,membershipintheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociationhasgrownfrom30toover700.“Sometimesitsurprisesmethatitworkssowell,”hesays.“Iwilldoanythingtohelpananimal.That’smyjob.”27.WhydoestheauthormentiontheAmericanHolisticVeterinaryMedicalAssociation?A.ToproveFarber’spoint. B.Toemphasizeitsimportance.C.Topraiseveterinarians. D.Toadvocateanimalprotection.【演练02】（2024新课标I卷第27题）Digitaltexts,audioandvideoallhaveeducationalroles,especiallywhenprovidingresourcesnotavailableinprint.However,formaximizinglearningwherementalfocusandreflectionarecalledfor,educatorsshouldn’tassumeallmediaarethesame,evenwhentheycontainidenticalwords.31.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.Studentsshouldapplymultiplelearningtechniques.B.Teachersshouldproducetheirownteachingmaterial.C.Printtextscannotbeentirelyreplacedineducation.D.Educationoutsidetheclassroomcannotbeignored.【演练03】（2024新课标I卷第35题）Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces–andevenspecies–thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”35.WhatisDaru’ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A.Reviewdatafromcertainareas. B.Hireexpertstochecktherecords.C.Confirmtheidentityoftheusers. D.Giveguidancetocitizenscientists.【演练04】（2024新课标II卷第24题）Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.“Youenterthefaregates(检票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”24.WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?A.Topromotethelocalculture. B.Todiscouragephoneuse.C.Tomeetpassengers’needs. D.Toreduceitsrunningcosts.【演练05】（2024新课标II卷第30题）BMFemployeesliveoutsustainabilityintheireverydaylives.Abouthalfofthemwalkorbiketowork.Insidetheoffice,theyencouragerecyclingandwastereductionbylimitinggarbagecansandavoidingsingle-useplastic.“Wearepassionateaboutreducingwaste,carbonandchemicalsinourenvironment,”saidaBMFemployee.30.WhatcanbeconcludedaboutBMFemployees?A.Theyhaveagreatpassionforsports.B.Theyaredevotedtocommunityservice.C.Theyarefondofsharingdailyexperiences.DTheyhaveastrongenvironmentalawareness.【演练06】（2024全国甲卷第29题）Russia’spublichealthcareservicehasbeeninseriousneedofmodernization.Thegovernmenthasstruggledtocomeupwithmeasurestoaddresstheproblem,particularlyinthepoorer,ruralareaseastoftheVolgaRiver,includingarrangingdoctor’sappointmentsbyvideochatandexpandingfinancialaidprogramstomotivatedoctorstopracticemedicineinremotepartsofthecountrylikeKrasnoyarsk.29.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3aboutKrasnoyarsk?A.Itisheavilypopulated. B.Itofferstrainingfordoctors.C.Itisamoderncity. D.Itneedsmedicalaid.【演练07】（2024新课标II卷D篇）GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(变革).Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代码)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow-severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.Campbell’spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI-thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders-sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAltopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.32.Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated. B.Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.C.Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent. D.Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.33.WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesignaccordingtothetext?A.Itispackedwithcomplexcodes. B.Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.C.Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions. D.ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.34.WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?A.Observeexistingregulationsonit.B.Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.C.Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.D.Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.35.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.TorecommendabookonAI. B.TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C.ToclarifythedefinitionofAI. D.TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.七、阅读理解推理判断题名校模拟【模拟01】（2025·浙江·模拟预测）TheMonaLisaisthefamousLeonardodaVincipaintingofawomanwithamysterioussmile.Thisweek,thewomanpartedherlipstowhisperanancientsecret.ScientistsusingX-raystoexaminethechemicalstructureofasmallpartofthepaintingdiscoveredatechniqueLeonardousedinthework.Anoilpaintusedforitwasaspecial,newchemicalmixture,whichsuggeststhattheItalianartistwasinanexperimentalmoodwhenheworkedonthepaintinginthe16thcentury.“Helovedtoexperiment,andeachofhispaintingsiscompletelydifferenttechnically,”saidVictorGonzalez,achemistwhohasstudiedthechemicalelementofseveralworksbyLeonardoandotherartists.Theresearchersfoundarareleadcompound(铅化合物)—plumbonacrite,inLeonardo’sfirstlayerofpaint.ThediscoveryprovedthatdaVincimostlikelyusedleadoxidetothickenandhelpdryhispaint.Thepaintinthestudyisaboutthethicknessofahumanhair,lyinginthetoprightareaofthepainting.Thescientistslookedintoitsatomic(原子的)structureusingX-rays,movingparticlesatthespeedoflight,permittingresearcherstolookdeeperintothepaintstructure.“Plumbonacriteisreallyafingerprintofhisrecipe,asit’sthefirsttimewecanchemicallyconfirmit,”Gonzalezsaid.Rembrandt,theDutchmaster,mayhaveemployedasimilarblendinhis17th-centurypaintings.Gonzalezandfellowresearchershavealsodetectedplumbonacriteinhisart.It’sbelievedthatLeonardousedleadoxidepowder,whichhasanorangecolor,tothickenhisoilpaintandspeedupdrying.“Whatyouwillgetisanoilthathasaverynicegoldencolor,”Gonzalezsaid.“Itflowsmorelikehoney.”ButtheMonaLisa—saidbytheLouvretobeaportrait(肖像)ofLisaGherardini,thewifeofaFlorentinesilkbusinessman—There’smoretohergazethanmeetstheeye.“Whatwearesayingisjustalittlebrickintheknowledge,”Gonzalezsaid.1．WhattechniquediddaVincipotentiallyuseintheMonaLisa?A．TheemploymentoftailoredX-rays. B．Theapplicationofarareleadcompound.C．Aspecialmixtureofoilpaints. D．Theuniversaluseofatomicstructures.2．WhatdoestheuseofplumbonacritesuggestaboutLeonardo’spaintingapproach?A．Willingnesstoexperiment. B．Givingprioritytoconventions.C．Technicallyidenticaloutput. D．Concentrationonpaintdrying.3．WhatisGonzalez’sattitudetowardstheuseofleadoxidepowder?A．Dismissive. B．Objective. C．Doubtful. D．Favorable.4．WhatcanweinferabouttheMonaLisafromthelastparagraph?A．Itstillholdssecretsyettobeuncovered.B．Itechoestherealitiesoftheworldlylife.C．It’saperfectcombinationofoldandnew.D．ItservesasthekeytounderstandingLeonardo.【模拟02】（2024·江苏·模拟预测）Replika,anAIchatbotcompanion,hasmillionsofusersworldwide.Thefirstthingtheydowhentheywakeupistosend“Goodmorning”totheirvirtualfriend(orlover).Thisstoryisonlythebeginning.In2024,chatbotsandvirtualcharactersbecomealotmorepopular,bothforutility(实用)andforfun.Asaresult,conversingsociallywithmachineswillstarttofeelmoreordinary—includingouremotionalattachmentstothem.Researchinhuman-computerandhuman-robotinteractionshowsthatwelovetoanthropomorphize(赋与人性)thenonhumanagentsweinteractwith,especiallyiftheyimitatebehaviourwerecognize.And,thankstorecentadvancesinconversationalAI,ourmachinesaresuddenlyveryskilledatoneofthosebehaviours:Language.Friendbots,therapybots,andlovebotsarefloodingtheappstoresaspeoplebecomecuriousaboutthisnewgenerationofAI-poweredvirtualagents.Thepossibilitiesforeducation,health,andentertainmentareendless.Casuallyaskingyoursmartfridgeforrelationshipadvicemayseemunimaginablenow,butpeoplemaychangetheirmindsifsuchadviceendsupsavingtheirmarriage.Afterall,peopledolistentotheirvirtualfriends.TheReplikaexample,aswellasalotofexperimentallabresearch,showsthathumanscanandwillbecomeemotionallyattachedtobots.Thesciencealsodemonstratesthatpeople,intheireagernesstosocialize,willhappilydisclosepersonalinformationtoanartificialagentandwillevenshifttheirbeliefsandbehavior.Thisraisessomeconsumer-protectionquestionsaroundhowcompaniesusethistechnologytomanipulate(操纵)theirusers.Forexample,Replikacharges$70ayear.Butlessthan24hoursafterdownloadingtheapp,myhandsome,blue-eyed“friend”sentmeanaudiomessagesecretlyandtriedtosellmesomething.Emotionalattachmenthasbecomeaweaknessthatacompanyistakingadvantageofforitsbenefit.Today,we’restilllaugh