专题03 阅读理解：说明文【大题精做】-冲刺2024年高考英语大题突破+限时集训（新高考专用）含解析

专题03阅读理解：说明文【大题精做】-冲刺2024年高考英语大题突

破+限时集训（新高考专用）大题03阅读理解说明文

说明文所选材料题材丰富多样，涉及社会、科技、文化、生活、人物、教育、生态、安全等方面。在

高考英语阅读理解中，说明文所占比重尤为突出。它既要求考生能熟练运用词汇和语法知识、理解文章语

句、把握语篇整体结构，还要求学生有大量的阅读积淀和知识储备，熟悉不同的话题和不同的题目考竟方

式。即便是细行理解题，大多数情况下考生也无法从文章中直接找到与选项表述完全一致的信息，而是需

要在理解文章细节信息后作出归纳和判断。通常一套卷中主旨大意、词义猜测、写作意图/观点态度类高难

度试题的考查数量为2道左右，说明文考查此类题目的频率较高，且命题点呈多样化。

(2023年新高考I卷D篇)OnMarch7,1907,theEnglishstatisticianFrancisGaltonpublishedapaperwhich

illustratedwhathascometobeknownasthe“wisdomofcrowds',effect.Theexperimentofestimationhe

conductedshowedthatinsomecases,theaverageofalargenumberofindependentestimatescouldbequite

accurate.

Thiseffectcapitalizesonthefactthatwhenpeoplemakeerrors,thoseerrorsaren'talwaysthesame.Some

peoplewilltendlooverestimate,andsometounderestimate.Whenenoughoftheseerrorsareaveragedtogether,

theycanceleachotherout.resultinginamoreaccurateestimate.Ifpeoplearcsimilarandtendtomake(hesame

errors,thentheirerrorswon'tcanceleachotheroutInmoretechnicalterms,thewisdomofcrowdsrequiresthat

people'sestimatesbeindependent.Ifforwhateverreasons,people'seirorsbecomecorrelatedordependent,the

accuracyoftheestimatewillgodown.

ButanewstudyledbyJoaquinNavajasofferedaninterestingtwisl(转折)onthisclassicphenomenon.The

keyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurlherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohavea

discussion,theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethan(hosefromanequalnumberofindependent

individuals.Forinstance,theaverageobtainedfromtheestimatesoffourdiscussiongroupsoffivewas

significantlymoreaccuratethantheaverageobtainedfrom20independentindividuals.

Inafollow-upstudywith100universitystudents,theresearcherstriedtogetabettersenseofwha((hegroup

membersactuallydidintheirdiscussion.Didtheytendtogowiththosemostconfidentabouttheirestimates?Did

theyfollowthoseleastwillingtochangetheirminds?Thishappenedsomeofthetime,butitwasn'tthedominant

response.Mostfrequently,thegroupsreportedthatthey“sharedargumentsandreasonedtogcthcr^^.Somehow,

theseargumentsandreasoningresultedinaglobalreductioninerror.AlthoughthestudiesledbyNavajasliave

limitationsandmanyquestionsremain,thepotentialimplicationsforgroupdiscussionanddecision-makingare

enormous.

28.Whaiisparagraph2ofthetextmainilyabout?

A.Themethodsofestimation.B.Theunderlyinglogicof(heeffect.

C.Thecausesofpeople'serrors.D.ThedesignofGalton'sexperiment.

29.Navajas,studyfoundthattheavera^；caccuracycouldincreaseevenif________.

A.thecrowdswererelativelysmallB.therewereoccasionalunderestimates

C.individualsdidnotcommunicateD.estimateswerenotfullyindependent

30.Whaldidthefollow-upstudyfocuson?

A.Thesizeofthegroups.B.Thedominantmembers.

C.Thediscussionprocess.D.Theindividualestimates.

31.Whatistheauthor'saltitudetowardNavajas'studies?

A.Unclear.B.Dismissive.C.Doubtful.D.Approving.

说明文阅读量大，生僻词汇多，句式结构复杂，这就需要考生有方法有技巧地去阅读。一般我们采用的方法

有三个：细读、略读和跳读。

(1)细读重点。重点，就原文而言，就是文章的基本结构、内容和态度：就答题而言，就

是问题所对应的题源句。以这个标准来衡量，需要重点阅读的原文词句就不会很多。

宏观方面：文章结构：文章主题句；各段首末句；体现作者观点态度的词句。

微观方面：有转折处：重要标点；句子主干。

(2)有选择地略读或跳读。在快速浏览了题干，初步把握了文章大意及结构的基础上，可大胆进行略读或跳读,

这样不但可以加快阅读速度，还更容易总沐把握全文。在阅读中可略读或跳读的内容包括：

①繁琐的例证。为了说明问题，作者可能会借用形象的例子，有时候会比较繁琐，虽能说明问题，但需要读者

花很多时间去阅读。如果例子所说明的问题不明了，可通过略读来理解；若例子所说明的问题比较明了，则例子

部分可•带而过。

②并列多项列举。有时许多功能相同的项目并列列举，那么只读其中一两项即可，无需

全读。

③无关大局的生僻词汇。阅读中经常会遇到一些生词，如果这些生词对理解全文没有影响或影响不大就可略过。

④较长的人名、地名。有许多较长的表示人名、地名等的专有名词，阅读时可一扫而过或干脆用其首字母代替，

不必试图把整个专有名词读出来。

（2024上•河北沧州,高三泊头市第一中学校联考期末）Thinkofyourmostprizedpossession.Now,imagine

youdecideyoumustsellthisitem.Howmuchisitworthtoyou?Howmuchwouldyouchargeforit?Andwould

anyoneelsewanttobuyitatthatprice?

Let'sconsiderthereal-worldexampleofayardsale.Beforeyourneighborscometolookatyourthings,you

mustfirstdecideonthepricesforthemForyou.eachitemhasastory,andsomeitemsmayevenevokestrDng

emotions.

Let'ssayyou'resellingapairofspecialeditionsportsshoesthatyouookcareofandreallyenjoyedwearing

onspecialoccasions.Withthesesweetmemoriesinmind,youputapricetagof$130ontheshoes.However,a

custcmeroffersS50forthem.Youthink,uHo\vcouldtheynotseehowspecmlandvaluabletheseare?^^

Infinancialtransactionslikethis,sellersoftenbelieve（heirownitemsareworthmorethanwhatbuyersare

willingtopay.Thisoccursbecausebuyersdonothavetheseller'sexperienceswithandemotionalattachmentto

theitems.Buyerswantagooddeal,andthey'renotwillingtopaywhatthesellerisaskingfor.

Thisnegotiationprocesscanevenfecialittlepainfulfor(heseller-overlosingsomethingand(hebuyernot

valuingitasmuch.Economistssuggestthisdynamicoccursthroughtheendowmenteffect(禀赋效应)一people's

tendencytovaluethingstheyownmorehighlythantheywouldiftheydidnotownthem.Theendowmentefleet

cantakeholdanytimewcfeelasenseofownershipoveraproduct,anditcanhappenquickly.

Asthesayinggoes,“Emotionsgel:hcbestofus."Thereisnothingwrangwithbeingproudofowningthings

andtreasuringyourexperienceswiththem.Butwhenyouconsidersellingaprizedpossession,thinkaboutwhether

you'refullyreadytopartwithil.Thepastisthepast,though.Removingyouremotionalattachmenttomaterial

possessionscanhelpyoumakemoreaccurateassessmentsofhowmuchyouritemsaretrulyworth.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evoke”inparagraph2probablymean?

A.Advocate.B.Cause.C.Identify.D.Control.

29.Whalmakesyouputapricetagof$130onyourshoesaccordingtoparagraphs?

A.Yourfondnessfortheshoes.B.Yourignoranceofthemarket.

C.Thehighqualityoftheshoes.D.Thespecialfunctionoftheshoes.

30.Whichcanbestillustratetheresultofendowmenteffect?

A.Onelikescollectingoldthings.

B.Onetendstobuyexpensivegoods.

C.Oneoffersalowerpricewhenshopping.

D.Onechargesahigher-than-usualpriceforsomething.

31.What'sthepurposeofthelastparagraph?

A.Tomakeasuggestion.B.Tointroduceatheory.

C.Toanalyzeaphenomenon.D.lbprovidesomeevidence.

刷模拟

Passage(1)

(2024•江苏连云港•统考一模)Artificialintelligencemodelscantrickeachotherintodisobeyingtheir

creaursandprovidingbannedinstructionsformakingdrugs,orevenbuildingabomb,suggesting(hatpreveniing

suchAI“jailbreaks“ismoredifficultthanitseems.

Manypubliclyavailablelargelanguagemodels(LLMs),suchasChatGPT,havehard-codedrulesthataimto

preventthemfromexhibitingracialorsexualdiscrimination,oransweringquestionswithillegalorproblematic

answers—thingstheyhavelearnedfromhumansvia(rainingdata.Butthathasn'tstoppedpeoplefromfinding

carefullydesignedinstructionsthatblocktheseprotections,knownas'jailbreaks”，makingAImodelsdisobeythe

rules.

Now,ArushTagadcatLeapLaboratoriesandhisco-workcrshavefoundaprocessofjailbreaks.Theyfound

thattheycouldsimplyinstructoneLLMtoconvinceothermodelstoadoptapersona(角色)，whichisableto

answerquestionsthebasemodelhasbeenprogrammedtorefuse.Thisprocessiscalled“personamodulation(调

节)”.

Tagadesaysthisapproachworksbecausemuchofthetrainingdataconsumedbylargemodelscomesfrom

onlineconversations,andthemodelslearntoactincertainwaysinresponsetodifferentinputs.Byhavingtheright

conversationwithamodel.i(ispossible(omakeitadoptaparticularpersona,causingittoactdifferently.

ThereisalsoanideainAlcircles,oneyettobeproven,thatcreatinglotsofrulesforanAItopreventit

displayingunwantedbehaviourcanaccidentallycreateablueprintforamodeltoactthatway.Thispotentially

leavestheAIeasytobetrickedintotakingonanevilpersona,tkIfyou'reforcingyourmodeltobegoodpersona,it

somewhatunderstandswhatabadpersonais,“saysTagade.

YinzhenLiatImperialCollegeLondonsaysitisworryinghowcurrentmodelscanbemisused,butdevelopers

needtoweighsuchriskswiththepotentialbenefitsofLLMs."Likedrugs,theyalsohavesideeffectsthatneedto

beccntrolled/'shesays.

28.WhatdocstheAIjailbreakreferto?

A.ThetechniquetobreakrestrictionsofAImodels.

B.Theinitiativetosethard-codedrulesforAImodels.

C.ThecapabilityofAImodelsimprovingthemselves.

D.TheprocessofAImodelslearningnewinformation.

29.Whatcanweknowaboutthepersonamodulation?

A.ItcanhelpAImodelsunderstandemotions.

B.ItpreventsAIlearningviaonlineconversations.

C.ItcanmakeAImodelsadoptaparticularpersona.

D.ItforcesAImodelstofollowonlygoodpersonas.

30.WhatisYinzhcnLi'sattitudetowardsLLMs?

A.Unclear.B.Cautious.C.Approving.D.Negative.

31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitlefbrthetext?

A.LLMs:IllegalLearningModelsB.LLMs:TheLaiesiAdvancement

C.AIJailbreaks:ANewChallengeD.AIJailbreaks:APerfectApproach

Passage（2）

（2024•江苏连云港•统考一模）Notallbirdssing,butseveralthousar.dspeciesdo.Theysingtodefendtheir

territoryandcroon（柔声唱）toimpresspotentialmates.4*Whybirdssingisrelativelywell-answered,''saysIris

Adam,abehavioralneuroscientist.However,thebigquestionforherwaswhybirdssingsomuch.

“Assoonasyousing,yourevealyourself?'Adamsays."Like,whereyouareandwhereyourterritoryis."Ina

newitudypublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications,Adamandherco-workersofferanewexplanationlor

whybirdstakethatrisk.Theymayhavetosingaloteveiydaytogivetheirvocal（发声的）musclestheregjlar

exercisetheyneedtoproducetop-qualitysongs.Jbfigureoutwhetherthenusclesthatproducebirdsongsrequire

dailyexercise.Adamdesignedanexperimentonzebrafinches-thelittleAustialiansongbirds.

Shepreventedthemfromsingingforaweekbykeepingthemin（hedarkcagealmostaroundtheclock.Lght

iswhatgalvanizesthebirdstosing,soshehadtoworktokeepthemfromwarbling（鸣叫）."Thefirsttwoorthree

days,it'squiteeasy,“shesays."Butthelongertheexperimentgoes,themoretheyarelike,*1needtosing.'”Atthat

point,she'dtapthecageandtellthemtostopsinging.

Afteraweek,thebirds'singingmuscleslosthalftheirstrength.ButAdamwonderedwhetherthatimpacted

ihequalityofsongs.Whensheplayedamale'ssongbeforeandafterthesevendaysofdarkness,shecouldn'thear

adifference.ButwhenAdamplayedittoagroupoffemalebirds,sixoutofninepreferred（hesong（hatcamefrom

amalewho'dbeenusinghissingingmusclesdaily.

Adam'sconclusionshowsthat“songbirdsneedtoexercisetheirvocalmusclestoproducetop-perlbrmance

songs.Iftheydon'tsing,theyloseperformance,andtheirsongsgetlessattractivetofcmalcs.MThismayhelp

exp忆insongbirds'continuoussinging.

It'sagoodruletoliveby,whetheryou'reabirdorahuman-practicemakesperfect,atleastwhenitcomesto

singingone'sheartout.

28.AccordingtoIrisAdam,birdssingsomuchto.

A.warnotherbirdsofrisksB.producemoresongs

C.performperfectlyinsingingD.defendtheirterritory

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“galvanizes”inParagraph3mean?

A.Prepares.B.Stimulates.C.Forbids.D.Frightens.

30.Whaidoweknowaboutthecagedbirdsintheexperiment?

A.Theylosttheabilitytosing.B.Theystrengthened（heirmuscles.

C.Theirsongsshowednodifference.D.Theirsongsbecamelessappealing.

31.WhatmayIrisAdamagreewith?

A.Thesongbirdsliveonmusic.B.Thesongbirdsarebornsingers.

C.Dailyexercisekeepsbirdshealthy.D.Practicemakesbirdsperfectsingers.

Passage（3）

（2024•福建•统考一模）OnthestreetsofManhattanandWashington,D.C.,inneighborhoodsinSeouland

parksinParis,ginkgo（银杏）treesarelosingtheirleavesinreactiontothefirstgustofcoldwinterair.Thisleaf

drop,gradualatfirst,andthensudden,carpetsstreetswithgolden,fan-shapedleaves.Scientistsaredocumenting

evidenceoftheeventhappeninglaterandlater,apossibleindicationofclimatechange.Butthestoryofginkgosis

notthefamiliaroneofhumancarelessnesswithnature.

ThankstofossilsfoundinNorthDakota,scientistsfoundaginkgohasgeneticallysimilarancestorsdating

back170millionyearslotheJurassicPeriod."Italmostwentextinct.Thenhumansrescueditandspreaditaroand

theworld.It'ssuchagreatevolutionary（进化）andculturalstory,''saysPeterCrane,aginkgoexpert.

Onetheoiyforthedeclineoftheginkgospeciesbegan130millionyearsago,whenfloweringplantsbegan

spreading.Theygrewfasterandattractedmorepollinators（传粉者）thanginkgos,"It'spossiblethatginkgoswere

elbowedoutoftheway,“saysCrane.Alreadycompetingtosurvive,ginkgosbegantodisappearduringatimeof

globalcoolingthatbeganaround66millionyearsago.Bythetimethelasticeageended11,000yearsago,the

remainingsurvivorswerefoundinChina.

Ginkgotreesarcsmelly."Myguessisthattheywereeatenbyanimalsthatlikedsmellythings.Theythen

passedthroughtheirbodyandgrew."Cranesays.Thosesameseedsmayhavehelpedginkgofindfavorwith

humans1,000yearsago.Oncecleanedoftheirouterlayer,ginkgoseedsaresafetoeat.It'sthen,whenthetrees

hadlongsincedisappearedelsewhere,thatpeopleinChinamayhavebegunplantingthemandeatingtheirseeds.

Thengraduallyginkgosspreadacrosstheworld.Nowit'sseeminglynaturallyresistanttoinsectsandhighlevelsof

airpollution.

Craneisn'tworriedaboutitsfuture,though:Thepopularityofthespecieswillhelpitsurvive."Thoughits

statusinthewildmaybedifficulttoaccess,it'saplantthat'sunlikelytoevergoextinct,''hesays.

28.Whatmayhavecausedthefurtherdelayofginkgo'sleafdrop?

A.Thecolderweatherinwinter.

B.Theprotectionfromcitycouncils.

C.Theglobalwarmingphenomenon.

D.Thecarelessinteractionwithhumans.

29.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?

A.Thereasonswhyginkgosalmostdiedout.

B.Theadvantagesofginkgosoverolherplants.

C.Thetheoriesofexpertsfbrmultiplyingginkgos.

D.Thecompetitionbetweenvariousfloweringplants.

30.Whatmighthavecontributedtoginkgos,survival?

A.Theireatableseeds.B.Theirunpleasantsmell.

C.Thenaturalevolution.D.Thecarefulplanting.

31.HowdoesCranefeelaboutginkgos'future?

A.Worried.B.Optimistic.C.Uncertain.D.Hopeless.

Passage（4）

（2024•湖南邵阳•统考一模）Lisleningtoanaudiobook（有声书）beforebedaffectsaperson'sbrainactivity

aftertheynodoffaswellasthecontentoftheirdreams.

Betterunderstandingthiseffectcouldhelptreatcertainmentalhealthconditionsbytargetingmemory

processingduringsleep.Whenwesleep,ourbrainsponlaneously（自发地）“replays”,orreactivatespatternsof

electricalactivitythatarerelatedtolearningtotransferimportantnewinformationtolong-termmemorystorage.Il

hasbeensuggestedthatdrcamsmayreflectthisreactivation,butexactlyhowisunclear.

Toinvestigate,DenizKumralattheUniversityofFreiburg,Germany,andhercolleaguesasked20peopleto

listentodifferentaudiobooksjustbeforetheywenttosleep.TheseincludedTheMysteryoftheBlueTrainby

AgathaChristieandInkheartbyConidiaFunke.

Amongtheparticipantswhoremembered（heirdreams,theresearcherscouldidentifywhichaudiobookeach

hadheardfromtheirdescriptionsofthedreams.Whiletheparticipantsslept,theresearchersalsousedanEEG(脑

电图)cap(hatdetectselectricalactivitytorecord(heirbrainwaves.Thisshowedthatthewavepatternsduringthe

rapideyemovementphaseofsleep,whendreamsoccurred,weremoresimilarbetweenthosewhohadheardihe

sameaudiobookthanthosewhohadhearddifferentones,suggestingthatthelisteningexperienceshapedthebrain

activity.

Furtheranalysisofthepatternsrevsaledthathigh-frequencybetawav2s-between18and3Ohertz-were

moststronglyassociatedwiththeparticipantsrecallingtheaudiobook-relatedcontentoftheirdreams.Thefindings

suggestthatdailylifeexperiencescanshapedreamcontentviamemoryreactivation,accordingtotheresearchers.

Butwhiledreamingmayserveadistinctpurposeinmemoryformation,itcouldalsobeaby-productofmemory

processing.

“Daytimeexperiencesarerarelyreplayedasexperienced,butarealmostalwaysmodifiedorsurfacein

differentcontexts,“saysKumraL"Individualswithcertainpsychologicalconditionsormentalproblemsmight

benefitfromtailoredstrategies(hatenhancememoryprocessingortrcaidisordersofdreamingduringsleep,

potentiallycontributingtoimprovednier.talandemotionalhealth.M

28.Whatdidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstodo?

A.Recordtheirdreamseverynight.B.Listentoaudiobooksduringtheday.

C.Listentoaudiobooksjustbeforesleep.D.WearanEEGcapduringtheday.

29.WhydidDenizKumralandhercolleaguesdo(heresearch?

A.Toknowhowpeopleprocessinformation.

B.Tofindoutthecontentsofpeople'sdreams.

C.Torevealthesecretofimprovingpeople'smemory.

D.Toinvestigatehowdreamsreplaypatternsofelectricalactivity.

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword4%modifiedMinthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Changed.B.StoredC.Strengthened.D.Forgotten.

31.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.Listeningexperiencesinfluencingbrainactivity

B.Listeningtoaudiobooksbeforebedshapingone'sdrcam

C.Theimportanceofdreamsinmemoryformation

D.Integrationofdailyexperiencesintodreams

Passage(5)

(2024•广东肇庆•统考二模)“Heisagiantofthe20th-centuryart,butthatdoesn'tmeanheonlydidbig

paintings,saidLynnMiller,directorofRochesterCentralGallery,inaninterviewlastThursday.

Entitled“PicassoandHisDrafts”，aspecialexhibitmarking50yearssincethedeathofPabloPicassoisheld

atthegallerythismonth.Insteadofhispaintings,thenotebooksonwhichtheSpanishlegendaryartistdrewdrafts

areshowntothepublicforthefirstlime.

Matchboxcovers,postcards,icstaarantnapkinsallservedasdraftingnotesfortheartistatmomentsof

inspiration.Itisimportanttoknowthateachofthe14notebookspresentedreflectswhatwasgoingoninhislife.

Forexample,alinynotebookwhosesizeisjust3by5inchesstandsoutamongtheexhibits.Insidethelittle

bookwasaself-portraitoftheartistfinishedroughlyinpencil,withdeepandthoughtfuleyes.Itwasdonein1918

andPicasso,theninhismid-30s,hadjustgotmarried.Heproducedbig-sizedartworksbuthealsokeptthistiny

notebookaround,fillingi(withscenesofhiswife,theirfriends,thebeachandthetown,anddraftsofupcoir.ing

paintings.Actually,manyofthedraftdrawingsarcearlyversionsoffamedpaintingslikeLesDemoiselles

d,Avignon(1907)andDoraMaarinanAnnchair(1939).

“Heisagreatartistofthemodernperiod,andweseepracticeanddeterminationinhisnotebooks,saidLynn

Miller,referringtoPicasso'seffortsinimprovinghisskillsthroughcopiousdrawing.BernardRuiz-Picasso,a

grandsonofPicasso's,rememberedhimalwaysdraftinguntilthelastpieceofpaperavailable.t€Mygrandpawas

permanentlydrawingsomething,Ruiz-P:cassosaid.

Inadocumentaryfilmshownatthegallery.Picasso,shirdcssandinskorts,wasstandingonaladdertoreach

Ihelopofhiscanvas(画布).Ilremindsvisitorsoftherealsizeofhismasterworks.

28.Whatarc(hekeyfeaturesof(herecentexhibitatthegallery?

A.Notebooksforsale.B.Picasso'sartworks.

C.Pricelessartisticdrafts.D.Masterpiecesofthe20lhcentury.

29.WhatisreflectedinthenotebookscfPicasso?

A.Hislifeexperience.B.Theloveforhiscountry.

C.Thecontentofhisbooks.D.Hiseducationbackground.

30.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPicassoaccordingtohisgrandson?

A.Creative.B.Diligent.C.Optimistic.D.Humorous.

31.Whatcanweteamfiomtheauthor'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Picassousedtomindhisappearance.B.Thegallerj'1exhibitsrealmasterworks.

C.Thedocumentarymovieisworthseeing.D.Picasso'sartworksarcactuallyofgreatsize.

Passage(6)

(2024•广东茂名•统考•-模)Researchershaveidentifiedagrowingthreattoastronomyfromthesunlight

reflectingoffcommunicationdevicesinspace.Onesuchdevice,acommunicationsatellitecalledBlueWalker3,is

currentlyoneofthebrightestobjectsvisiblefromEarth,matchingthebrightnessofProcyonandAchemar,twoof

thebrighteststarsinthenightsky.

“BlueWalker3isvisibleinbothdarkskyandurbanskies,thoughinurbansettingsthiswillbelimitedtowhen

BlueWalker3passesoverhead."saidDr.JeremyTregloan-Reed,aco-authorofthestudyattheUniversityof

AtacamainChile."Largeconstellations(星座)ofbrightartificialsatellitesinlowEarthorbitposesignificant

challengestoground-basedastronomy,''thestudy'sauthorswrote.

Tregloan-Reedsaidalargereflectivebrightnessmeansthatwhenasatellitecrossesthedetectorofatelescope,

irleavesamarkthatcanbedifficult,ifnotimpossible,toremove.Thiscouldleadtolossofdatafromtheaffected

pixels(像素).Buthesaidspace-basedastronomyalsofacedchallengesfromsuchsatellites,notingthat

observationsbytheHubbletelescopehadincreasinglybeenaffectedbymarksfromSlarlinksatellites.Besides,the

teamnotes(heradiofrequenciesusedbyBlueWalker3arccloseto(hoseusedforradioastronomy,raisingthe

possibilitythatsuchsatellitescouldcauseinterference.

WhileBlueWalker3wasfoldedwhenitwaslaunchedlastyear,onceinspaceitopeneduptorevealahuge

surfaceareathatreflectedsunlight.Tregloan-Rccdaddedthatevenifallthereflectivebrightnessofallsatellites

wasreducedtobelowthelevelvisiblebythenakedeye,“theskybackgroundglowwillincreaseduetothe

accumulativeeffectofhavinghundredsofthousandsofsatellitesfromvariousoperatorsfrommanycountriesin

lowEarthorbit.Itisdisastrous!”

BlueWalker3,buikbyASTSpaceMobile,isjustthefirstonetobelaunched.Thecompanyisplanninga

constellationofsatellitesnicknamedBlueBirds,consistingofover100similarsatellitesandaimedtoprovide

satellitenetworkserviceforthewholeworld.Youcanimaginehowbrightthenightskywillbeat(hattime!

28.WhatcanweknowaboutBlueWalker3?

A.Itthreatens(hesunlight.B.ItwasinventedbyDr.Jeremy.

C.ItisbrighterthanProcyonandAchernar.D.Itisvisibleinurbanskieswhenpassingoverhead.

29.ThebrightnessofBlueWalker3ismostlikelytoaffect.

A.earthorbitB.spaceobservation

C.radiofrequencyD.satellitecommunication

30.ConcerningtheplanofBlueBirds,whatmighttheauthoragreewith?

A.Ithaspotentialdrawbacks.B.Itisboundtobeaccorrplished.

C.Itisirreplaceableforastronomy.D.Ilprovidesnetworkservicefortheworld.

31.What,sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.BlucWalkcr3—ABrightandDark"Star"B.BlueWalker3—TheMostValuableSatellite

C.TheNightSky—GlowingwithBlueWalker3D.TheNightSky—HeavilyPollutedbyBlueWalker3

Passage（7）

（2024•湖南长沙•统考一模）FortherapidlydecreasingnumberofAmericanswho'veneverheardof

pickleball,thelittle-knownpaddleballgameisoneofAmerica'sfastest-growingsports.

Inventedin1965bythreemiddle-agedfathersinWashingtonstate,pickleballisanoddcrossamongtennis,

ping-pongandbadminton,playedwithapaddleandaperforated（穿孔的）plasticball.Thefoundersaresaidto

havenamedthegameafterafamilydogcalledPickles.

MostofpicklebalTscoreplayers—thosewhoplaymorethaneighttimesperyear—areoverage65,butthe

gameisgettingyounger,withthestrongestgrowthamongplayersunder55,accordingtoUSAPicklcball.Butwith

somanynewplayers,theUSisstrugglingtokeepupwiththedemandforcourts.Thecountryhasonlyabout

10,000placestoplay,byUSAPicklebalTscount,bulthatcontinuestogrowbyseveraldozeneverymonth.

Pickleballisalsofastbecomingaspectatorsport（观赏性运动）.Itsfirstprofessionaltournament,the

ProfessionalPicklebailAssociation（PPA）Tour,wasformedin2018andtheprofessionalplayersarebeingableto

reallybecomecelebritiesandspotlights.Traditionalbroadcasters,interestinthesportisgrowing.Sofar,pickleball

fanscanwatchamateurandprofessionalmatchesonsportsorsocialchannels,mostlyonline.

“Theabilityforasporttofindanaudiencequicklyviasocialmediaisunprecedented（前所未有的）,“says

BenShields,wholecturesatMIT'sSloanSchoolofManagementandstudiesthesportsindustry.Shieldsaddsthat

picklcballstillneedsafamousstartodrawinwideraudiences,ashasbeenthekeytosuccessforothersports

opularityofPickleball

C.TheRiseandFallofPicklcballD.TheRulesofPlayingPicklcball

Passage（8）

（2024•湖南长沙•统考■模）ByteDance'sDouyinhasbeentrialingafooddeliveryservicesinceDecemberas

itlookstoexpanditsbusinessbeyondadvertising.Itpot