2024-2025学年北京市东城区高三下册开学考英语检测试题（附答案）

2024-2025学年北京市东城区高三下学期开学考英语检测试题第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WhenIwasinsixthgrade,Ijoinedthebandprogramtolearntoplaytheclarinet(单簧管).Thebeginningoftheyearhadgone___1___.Butasmoststudentsprogressed,Iseemedtofallbehind.Oneday,whenmyteachertoldustoplayinfrontoftheotherstudents,Iwasfilledwithfear.IknewIwould___2___.WhenIbegantoplay,myrhythmsweregood,butmytonewasanotherstory.“Didyoupracticeyourlesson?”theteacherbarkedatme.Ifeltsoashamedandmyworldcame___3___downinaninstant.Fromthenon,IhatedplayingtheclarinetandIkeptgettingworse.Withthedayofthenewperformanceapproaching,Igrewincreasinglyupset.Inamomentof___4___,Iaskedforsickleave.Itwassorelievingandsuchaneasywayout.Theavoidanceofmylessonscontinueduntilmymumaskedmeaboutit.“Iwanttoquit.”Mytearsstartedflowing.“Ifyoureallywanttoquit,whyareyoucrying?”askedmum.She____5____andIrealizedIwantedtostayinbandand,bynotfacingmyfears,Ihadcreatedablackholethatwouldbedifficultto____6____outof.Imadearesolutionnottohidefrommyfearsandtostanduptoeventheworstofthem,soasolutioncouldbeachieved.ThenextdayImetwithmybandteacherandtoldherIwashavingaproblemandcouldn’t____7____why.Sheaskedmegentlytoplayforher.Itried,butonlyanunpleasantsoundcameout.Shedidn’tshoutatmeandhandedmeanewreed(簧片).Iputitinplaceandtriedagain.Tomygreat____8____Icouldplaywell.Myproblemwassolvedandmyfearwasremovedalotthatyear.Lookingback,I’mgladthatIovercamemyfear.Fearcan____9____everythinginaperson’slife.Hidingfromthoseveryfearsonlycreatesahole,whichmakesapersonstay___10____inside.Afterfacinguptoafear,onemayfindlifeeasierandmuchmoreenjoyable.1.A.badly B.endlessly C.randomly D.smoothly2.A.messup B.moveon C.setout D.takeoff3.A.crashing B.moving C.selling D.bending4.A.joy B.panic C.doubt D.sympathy5.A.hadapoint B.madeachange C.reachedalevel D.tookabreak6.A.send B.bring C.pick D.climb7.A.figureout B.giveaway C.thinkover D.makeup8.A.anger B.sorrow C.disappointment D.surprise9.A.consume B.examine C.reflect D.rescue10.A.unknown B.unpunished C.interested D.trapped第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThere’sanoldsayingaboutreceivingagift:it’sthethoughtthatcounts.Thatmeansthatevenifyoudon’tlikeorneed___11___someonehasgivenyou,it’sbesttofocusonthefactthattheythoughtofyouandtookthetime___12___(find)youapresent.Butafteryou’vegivenyourheartfeltthanks,whatdoyoudowiththegiftitself?Ifyoukeepit,itwillgotowasteandtakeupceinyourhome.Somepeoplethinkit’sOKforyoutopassthegiftalongtosomeone___13___willappreciateit,butotherssaythat’srude.Whatdoyouthink?Isitbadmannerstoregiftapresent?BTakingadeepbreath,Emilysteppedforwardandsaid,“I___14___(learn)CPR.Letmetry.”Shegotdownonherkneesbesidetheoldwomanandcheckedhercondition.Withbutterfliesinherstomach,shebeganCPR.Thememoryofthemeasuresshehadlearnedfloodedintohermindasshedeliveredcompressionstothewoman’schest.Theatmospherewasthickwithtension.Everyone___15___(wait)foramiracletohappen.AfterfiveroundsofCPR,theoldwoman’spalefaceregainedsomecolor,andshebegantobreathe.Emily’s___16___(nervous)finallygavewaytorelief.CAsclimatechangecreateshotter,___17___(dry)conditions,wildfiresarebecomingmorefrequentandsevere,destroyinghomesandecosystems.ResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavedevelopedanewgelthatcanlockinmorewaterinthefaceoffires.When___18___(apply)tothesurfaceofbuildings,thisgelformsawetshield.Eveninveryhightemperatures,thegelwon’tburnoff.Testsshowedthatthisnewgelcanprotectwood___19___oversevenminutes,comparedtothelessthan90secondsprovidedbycurrentlyusedgels.Thegel___20___(make)ofnontoxiccomponents,makingitsafeforbothpeopleandtheenvironment.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGoldie’sSecretSheturnedupatthedoorstepofmyhouseinCornwall.NowaycouldIhavesentheraway.Noway,notmeanyway.Maybesomeonehadkickedheroutoftheircarthenightbefore.“We’removinghouse.’;“Noceforheranymorewiththebabycoming.”“Weneverreallywantedher,butwhatcouldwehavedone?Shewasapresent.”Peoplefindallsortsofexcusesforabandoningananimal.AndshewasoneofthemostbeautifuldogsIhadeverseen.IcalledherGoldie.IfIhadknownwhatwasgoingtohappen,Iwouldhavegivenheramorecreativename.Shewassounsettledduringthosefirstfewdays.Shehardlyateanythingandhadsuchanairofsadnessabouther.TherewasnothingIcoulddotomakeherhappy,itseemed.Heavenknowswhathadhappenedtoheratherpreviousowner’s.Buteventuallyattheendofthefirstweekshecalmeddown.Alwaysbymyside,whetherwewereoutononeofourlongwalksorsittingbythefire.That’swhyitwassuchashockwhenshepulledawayfrommeonedaywhenwewereoutforawalk.Wewerealongwayfromhome,whenshestartedbarkingandgettingveryrestless.EventuallyIcouldn’tholdheranylongerandsheracedoffdowntheroadtowardsafarmhouseinthedistanceasfastasshecould.BythetimeIreachedthefarmIwasverytiredandupsetwithGoldie.ButwhenIsawherlickingthefourpuppiesIstartedtofeelsympathytowardsthem.“Wedidn’tknowwhathadhappenedtoher,”saidthewomanatthedoor.“Itookherforawalkoneday,soonafterthepuppieswereborn,andshejustdisappeared.”“Shemusthavetriedtocomebacktothemandgotlost,”addedaboyfrombehindher.ImustadmitIdomissGoldie,butI’vegotNuggetnow,andshelooksjustlikehermother.AndI’velearntagoodlesson:nottojudgepeople.21.HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutGoldiewhenGoldiecametothehouse?A.Shocked.B.Sympathetic.C.Annoyed.D.Upset.22.Inherfirstfewdaysattheauthor’shouse,Goldie.A.feltworriedB.wasangryC.atealittleD.satbythefire23.Goldierushedofftoafarmhouseonedaybecauseshe.A.sawherpuppiesB.heardfamiliarbarkingC.wantedtoleavetheauthorD.foundherwaytoheroldhomeBOpenLettertoanEditorIhadaninterestingconversationwithareporterrecently--onewhoworksforyou.Infact,he’soneofyourbestreporters.Hewantstoleave.Yourreportergavemeacopyofhisresumeandphotocopiesofsixstoriesthathewroteforyou.Theheadlinesshowedyouplayedthemproudly.Withgreatenthusiasm,hetalkedabouthowhefindsissues,approachesthem,andwritesaboutthem,whichtellsmeheisoneofyourbest.I’msureyouwouldhatetolosehim.Surprisingly,yourreporterisnotunhappy.Infact,hetoldmehereallylikeshisjob.Hehasagreatassignment,andsaidyourunagreatpaper.Itwouldbeeasyforyoutokeephim,hesaid.Heknowsthatthepapervalueshim.Heappreciatestheresponsibilityyou’vegivenhim,takesownershipofhisprofession,andenjoyshisfreedom.Sowhyishelookingforawayout?Hetalkedtomebecausehewantshiseditorstodemandsomuchmoreofhim.Hewantstobepushed,challenged,coachedtonewheights.Thereporterbelievesthatgoodstoriesspringfromgoodquestions,buthiseditorsusuallyaskhowlongthestorywillbe,whenitwillbein,whereitcanplay,andwhatthebudgetis.Helongsforconversationswithaneditorwhowillhelphimturnhisgoodideasintogreatones.Hewantssomeonetogetexcitedaboutwhathe’sdoingandtohelphimturnhisstoryideaupsidedownandinsideout,exploringthebestwaystoreportit.Hewantstobemorevaluableforyourpaper.That’swhatyouwantforhim,too,isn’tit?Soyourreporterhassetmethinking.Ourbesthopeinkeepingourbestreporters,copyeditors,photographers,artists--everyone--istoworkhardertomakesuretheygetthehelptheyaredemandingtoreachtheirpotential.Ifwecan’tdoit,they’llfindsomeonewhocan.24.Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthereporter?A.Optimistic.B.Imaginative.C.Ambitious.D.Proud.25.Whatdoesthereporterwantmostfromhiseditorsintheirtalks?A.Findingthenewsvalueofhisstories.B.Givinghimfinancialsupport.C.Helpinghimtofindissues.D.Improvinghisgoodideas.26.Theletteraimstoremindeditorsthattheyshould.A.keeptheirbestreportersatallcostsB.givemorefreedomtotheirreportersC.beawareoftheirreporters’professionaldevelopmentD.appreciatetheirreporters’workingstylesandattitudesCThedigitalrevolutionhasarrived.Asautomationbecomesevermorecommon,eventhoseprofessionsoncethoughttobeinsulatedfromtechnologicaldisruptionfaceanuncertainfuture.Giventhatstateofuncertainty,NortheasternUniversityPresidentJosephAounarguesthatcollegegraduatescannolongerbeconfidentthatthejobtheyholdwillbefinanciallysustainableforthelongterm.Automation,longathreattolow-skilledjobs,isnowcost-effectiveinallrepetitivework,includinghigh-skilledjobsinhealthcare,law,andresearch.Thus,formanytheprospectofbeingreplacedbyarobotismorepressing.Toaddressthis,itfallstohighereducationtopreparegraduatesforchangesthataresweepingthroughtheworldofwork.Buthowcaninstitutionspreparethenextgeneration,whenit’snotclearwhatprofessionswillexisttoemploythem?Aounarguesthatuniversitiesmustreinventthemselvestoaddressthisageofdisruptionandtoprovidetheirstudentswiththeeducationalfoundationthatensurestheiremployabilityinthecomingdecades.Todoso,hecallsforhighereducationtofocusonthosefeaturesthatseparatehumansfrommachines.Henamedthisnewframework“Humanics”.Aoundetailsatwo-tieredstructureforHumanicsandexplainshowthesetiersworktogethertodevelopcreativityinstudents.Thefirsttierconsistsof21st-centuryliteraciesthathearguesmustbecentraltoanyforward-thinkingeducationalprogram.Inadditiontoreading,writing,andarithmetic,Aounarguesthatallstudentsmustbecompetentindatainterpretationandanalysis,technicalfunctionslikeengineering,andhuman-centricstudiessuchasdesignthinkingandcommunication.ThisfirsttierofliteraciesformsthebasisforAoun’ssecondtierofcognitivecapacities.Systemsthinking,criticalthinking,andculturalawarenessconstitutethemind-setsthatAounarguesarecriticaltodistinguishinghumanemployeesfrommachines.Astudentwiththesemind-setscansolveproblemscreativelywhilemakinglogicaljudgments.Havingdefinedwhatarobot-proofeducationmustinvolve,Aounlooksintohowthateducationshouldbeofferedandwhatcollegesanduniversitiesmustdotomeettheneedsofamodernstudentbody.Hecallsforhighereducationtofullyacceptexperiential,lifelonglearning.Hearguesthatitisonlythroughrichexperiencesthatstudentscanapplytheir21st-centuryliteraciestocomplexproblems,whichwilleventuallyshapetheirmind-sets.Thistypeoflearningmustbelifelongbecausetherapidrateofchangethataccompaniesautomationwillrequirethatstudentsconsistentlyrefreshtheirskillsets.Aounacknowledgesthateducationwillneverbeacure-allforsociety’sills.AmorepracticalapproachmightbetoseeHumanicsnotasanewmedicinebutratherasasupplementtoourcurrenteducationalsystem.Inanautomatedworld,topreparefortheeconomicdisruptionsuchautomationmaycause,highereducationmustcreateagenerationofgraduatesthatisliberatedtothinkcreativelywhilecontinuingtofunctioninmoretraditionalcapacities.Perhapsthatwillensureworkersandtheuniversitiesthateducatethemareindeedrobotproof.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insulated”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Generated.B.Sheltered.C.Prohibited.D.Separated.28.Whatcanwelearnaboutautomationfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Ithasposedathreattoemployment.B.Ithasmadehigh-skilledjobsdemanding.C.Ithelpstofueltheprocessofdigitalization.D.Itpromotesthedevelopmentofnewprofessions.29.AccordingtoJosephAoun,institutionsshould_____.A.setthetrendforautomationB.providearobot-proofeducationC.redefinetheframeworkofHumanicsD.valuecognitivecapacitiesoverliteracies30.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Whereisautomationleadingus?B.WhatdoesHumanicsmeantouniversities?C.Whyisitcriticaltoacquirehighereducation?D.Howcanwegetreadyforanuncertainfuture?DSearch“toxicparents”,andyou’llfindmorethan38,000posts,largelyurgingyoungadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.Theideaistosafeguardone’smentalhealthfromabusiveparents.However,asapsychoanalyst,I’veseenthattrendinrecentyearsbecomeawaytomanageconflictsinthefamily,andIhaveseenthesevereimpactsestrangement(疏远)hasonbothsidesofthedivide.Thisisaself-helptrendthatcreatesmuchharm.ResearchbyKarlPillemer,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,indicatesthat1in4Americanadultshavebecomeestrangedfromtheirfamilies.Ibelievethat’sanundercount,becauseothershavestoppedshortofcompletelycuttingoffcontactbuthaveeffectivelybrokentheties.“Canceling”yourparentcanbeseenasanextensionofaculturaltrendaimedatcorrectingimbalancesinpowerandsystemicinequality.Certainlythefamilyisonesysteminwhichpowerhasneverbeenbalanced.In1933,thepsychoanalystSándorFerencziwarnedthateventhesimpleindicationthatsomeonehasmorepowerthanwedocouldpotentiallybedamaging.Today’ssocialjusticevaluesrespondtothisreality,callingonustocriticizeoppressiveandharmfulfiguresandtogainpowerforthosewhohavebeenpowerless.Butwhenadultchildrenusethemosteffectivetooltheyhave—themselves—togainasenseofsecurityandbantheirparentsfromtheirlives,therolesaresimplyswitched,andthepainonlydeepens.Often,whatIseeinmypracticearecasesoffamilyconflictmismanaged,powerdynamicsturnedupsidedownratherthannegotiated.Iseetheterribleeffectofthattrend:situationswithnowinners,onlyisolatedhumanswholongtobeknownandfeelsafeinthepresenceoftheother.Thecatchisthatafterestrangement,adultchildrenarenotsuddenlylessdependent.Infact,theyfeelabandonedandbetrayed,becauseintheunconscious,itdoesn’tmatterwhoisdoingtheleaving;thefeelingthatremainsis“beingleft.”Theycarrytheghostsoftheirchildhood,tacklingtheemotionalrealitythatthosewhoraiseduscannevertrulybeleftbehind,nomatterhowhardwetry.WhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneedrepair,notpermanentbreak-up.Howelsecanonelearnhowtonegotiateneeds,tocreateboundariesandtotrust?Howelsecanweloveothers,andourselves,ifnotthroughacceptingthelimitationsthatcomewithbeinghuman?Goodrelationshipsaretheresultnotofaperfectlevelofharmonybutratherofsuccessfuladjustments.Topursuedialogueinsteadofestrangementwillbehardandpainfulwork.Itcan’tbeasingleprojectof“self-help,”becauseattheendoftheday,realintimacy(亲密关系)isachievedbyworkingthroughtheinjuriesofthepasttogether.Inmostcasesoffamilyconflict,repairispossibleandpreferabletoestrangement—andit’sworththework.31.Whydoyoungpeoplecuttieswiththefamily?A.Togainanindependentlife.B.Torestoreharmonyinthefamily.C.Toprotecttheirpsychologicalwell-being.D.Tofollowatendencytowardssocialjustice.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catch”inParagraph6mean?A.Response.B.Problem.C.Operation.D.Emphasis.33.Tomanagefamilyconflict,theauthoragreesthatyoungadultsshould_______.A.breakdownboundariesB.gainpowerwithinthefamilyC.liveuptotheirparents’expectationsD.acceptimperfectionoffamilymembers34.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toadvocateaself-helptrend.B.Tojustifyacommonsocialvalue.C.Toargueagainstacurrentpractice.D.Todiscussameansofcommunication.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Picturethis:you’vejustsettledintoyourworkdayandpulledupthatbigreportyouneedtofinish,whenafriendsendsyouacoupleofcelebrityvideosonWeChat.35Andthenthenextthingyouknow,anhourhasgonebywhilethatbigreportsits,ignored,onyourdesk.Sohowdoesthathappen?Tounderstandthis,weconductedaseriesofstudieswith6,445people.Throughthisresearch,weidentifiedthreefactors:theamountofmediathepersonhasalreadyviewed,thesimilarityofthemediathey’veviewed,andthemannerinwhichtheyviewedthemedia.Wefoundtheorderandtypesofcontentweconsumecanaffectourdecisiontokeepconsumingsimilarcontent.Butwhatdrivesthiseffect?36Whensomethingfeelsmoreaccessible,itbecomeseasiertoprocess,leadingustoenjoyitmore.Theseresultsalsoexplainwhyit’ssoeasytogetdistractedbyappsonsocialmediaatwork.37Theyofferbite-sizedcontentthatmakesiteasytoquicklyconsumeseveralvideosinarow.Theyoftenautomaticallysuggestsimilarcontent,andmanyofthemevenautomaticallystartplayingsimilarvideos,reducingthepotentialforinterruptions.38Tofightthepull,makeanefforttojustwatchonevideo.Ifyoureallywanttowatchmultipleinarow,choosevideosthatseemunrelated.Youcanalsouseasocialmediatimerthaturgesyoutotakeabreakafteracertainamountoftime,orevenjustconsciouslyremindyourselftoconsumedifferentkindsofcontent.So,ifyou’restrugglingtoclimboutofarabbithole,trytofindwaystoreducethesimilarity,repetitiveness,andrelatednessofthecontentyou’reconsuming.39Onceyoumanagetobreakfree,you’llbebackatthatbigreportinnotime.A.Itcanbedifficult,butit’snotimpossible.B.Youfigureyou’lljusttakeafewminutestowatchthem.C.Accessibilityreferstohowfamiliaragivenkindofcontentfeels.D.Theseplatformsaredesignedtotrapviewersinasocialmediarabbithole.E.Priorresearchsuggeststhatthethreefactorsallincreasetheaccessibilityofsimilarmedia.F.Thegoodnewsis,abetterunderstandingoftheproblemcangiveusthetoolstoescapeit.G.Thiswillbecomeaproblemifitkeepsyoufromdoingthethingsyouactuallywanttobedoing.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第45、46题各2分，第47题3分，第48题5分,共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。It’saftermidnightandyou’vebeenstudyingallday.Emptyenergydrinkslinethetableandyousigh,“Tomorrow,I’mgettingicecream.Ideservetotreatmyself.”Thisyear,theso-called“treatyourselfculture”hasexpandedfarbeyondwhatwasonceareward-basedmindset.Now,“treatingyourself”hasbecomemoreaboutstress-causedindulgence(放纵).Itrepresentsthemoredeep-seatedissueswiththestressweregularlyputourselvesunder.Therootoftheproblemliesinourbeliefthatiftheworkisn’thardenough,weshouldbedoingmore.Especiallyatatopuniversity,Iconstantlyfindmyselfwantingtodomore.Iwantmorecredits,ahigher-gradepointaverage,andmoreresponsibilitiesI’lllateruseasconversationtopicsininterviews.Thisdriveisbynomeansabadthing.Weallaretryingtoeventuallylandinaplacewherewecanrelaxandliveamoreenjoyablelife.However,therearealotofproblemswiththislogic.Withoutsoundingcompletelyhopelessandpessimistic,itispossiblethatthefutureweimagineinourtwentieswillnotbecomereality.Therefore,itisimportanttointegratethingsthatmakeushappywithwork,schoolorlife-inducedstress.Psychologycertainlysupportsthisbelief.Whilehavinggoodself-controlwaspositivelyassociatedwithhappiness,beingabletoenjoylife’slittlepleasureswithoutfeelingasham