《BIM建模》课件-复杂盾构法施工技术

概念conception01盾构机的分类classificationofshieldmachines03特点peculiarity02CONTENTS施工construction04施工验收规范概述施工验收规范的演变过程目录PART.0101复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology概念Concept盾构法是一种全机械化的隧道施工方法，通过盾构外壳和管片支承四周围岩防止发生坍塌。Shieldtunnelingmethodisafullymechanizedtunnelconstructionmethodthatusestheshieldcasingandpipesegmentstosupportthesurroundingrocktopreventcollapse.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology概念Concept同时在开挖面前方用切削装置进行土体开挖通过出土机械外运出洞，靠千斤顶在后部加压顶进，并拼装预制混凝土管片，形成隧道结构的一种机械化施工方法。Atthesametimeinfrontoftheexcavationwithcuttingdevicesforsoilexcavationthroughtheexcavationmachineryoutofthehole,relyingonjackingattherearofthepressurejacking,andassemblingprefabricatedconcretepipepiecestoformamechanisedconstructionmethodofthetunnelstructure.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology特点：Features:复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology优点：Advantas01.除竖井施工外，施工作业均在地下进行，噪音、振动引起的公害小，既不影响地面交通，又可减少对附近居民的噪音和振动影响。Withtheexceptionoftheshaftconstruction,theconstructionworkiscarriedoutunderground,causinglittlenoiseandvibrationnuisance,whichdoesnotaffectthegroundtrafficandreducesthenoiseandvibrationimpactonnearbyresidents.02.盾构推进、出土、拼装衬砌等主要工序循环进行，施工易于管理，施工人员也较少，劳动强度低，生产效率高。Themainprocessesofshieldadvancement,excavationandassemblyliningarecarriedoutincycles,makingtheconstructioneasytomanageandwithfewerconstructionworkers,thelabourintensityislowandtheproductivityishigh.优点：Advantas复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology03优点：Advantas土方量外运较少。Thevolumeofearthworkislowforoutwardtransport.04优点：Advantas穿越河道时不影响航运。Nointerferencewithnavigationwhencrossingtheriver.05优点：Advantas施工不受风雨等气候条件影响。Theconstructionisnotaffectedbyweatherconditionssuchasrainorwind.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology优点：Advantas06.隧道的施工费用不受覆土量多少影响，适宜于建造覆土较深的隧道。Theconstructioncostofatunnelisnotaffectedbytheamountofoverburdenandissuitablefortheconstructionoftunnelswithdeeperoverburden.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology07优点：Advantas在土质差水位高的地方建设埋深较大的隧道，盾构法有较好的技术经济优越性。Theshieldmethodistechnicallyandeconomicallysuperiorfortheconstructionofdeepertunnelsinareaswithpoorsoilsandhighwatertables.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology08优点：Advantas当隧道穿过河底或其他建筑物时，不影响施工。Whenthetunnelpassesthroughtheriverbottomorotherbuildings,itdoesnotinterferewiththeconstruction.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology优点：Advantas09.只要设法使盾构的开挖面稳定，则隧道越深、地基越差、土中影响施工的埋设物等越多，与明挖法相比，经济上、施工进度上越有利。Aslongaseffortsaremadetostabilizetheexcavationsurfaceoftheshieldtunnel,thedeeperthetunnel,thepoorerthefoundation,andthemoreburiedobjectsinthesoilthataffectconstruction.Comparedwiththeopenexcavationmethod,itismoreadvantageousintermsofeconomyandconstructionprogress.不足disadvantages复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology当隧道曲线半径过小时，施工较为困难。Whentheradiusofthetunnelcurveistoosmall,constructionismoredifficult.02.在陆地建造隧道时，如隧道覆土太浅，开挖面稳定甚为困难，甚至不能施工，而在水下时，如覆土太浅则盾构法施工不够安全，要确保一定厚度的覆土。Whenconstructingtunnelsonland,itisverydifficultorimpossibletostabilisetheexcavationsurfaceifthetunneloverburdenistooshallow,whileunderwater,itisnotsafeenoughforshieldconstructioniftheoverburdenistooshallowandacertainthicknessofoverburdenmustbeensured.01不足disadvantages复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology竖井中长期有噪声和振动，要有解决的措施。Long-termnoiseandvibrationintheshafts,withmeasurestoaddressthem.盾构施工中采用全气压方法以疏干和稳定地层时，对劳动保护要求较高，施工条件差。Whenusingfullairpressuremethodtodrainandstabilizetheformationduringshieldtunnelingconstruction,thereisahighdemandforlaborprotectionandpoorconstructionconditions.0304复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology05盾构法隧道上方一定范围内的地表沉陷尚难完全防止，特别在饱和含水松软的土层中，要采取严密的技术措施才能把沉陷限制在很小的限度内，目前还不能完全防止以盾构正上方为中心土层的地表沉降。Surfacesubsidencewithinacertainareaabovetheshieldtunnelisstilldifficulttopreventcompletely,especiallyinsaturatedwater-bearingsoftsoils,andstricttechnicalmeasureshavetobetakentolimitsubsidencetoaverysmalllimit,anditisnotyetpossibletocompletelypreventsurfacesubsidenceinthesoillayercentreddirectlyabovetheshield.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology06在饱和含水地层中，盾构法施工所用的拼装衬砌，对达到整体结构防水性的技术要求较高。Insaturatedwater-bearingstrata,thetechnicalrequirementsforachievingoverallstructuralwaterresistancearehighforthepatchworkliningsusedinshieldconstruction.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾构的外形就是指盾构的断面形状。从采用过的盾构来看，其断面形状有圆形、双圆、三圆、矩形、马蹄形、半圆形或与隧道断面相似的特殊形状等。Theshapeofashieldistheshapeofitssection.Fromtheshieldsthathavebeenused,theshapeofthesectioncanbecircular,double,triple,rectangular,horseshoe,semi-circularoraspecialshapesimilartothetunnelsection.盾构机的外形及分类Theshapeandclassificationofshieldmachines外形：Shape:复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology分类：Classification（1）土压盾构Earthpressureshieldtunneling把土料（必要时添加泡沫等对土壤进行改良）作为稳定开挖面的介质，刀盘后隔板与开挖面之间形成泥土室，刀盘旋转开挖使泥土料增加，再由螺旋输料器旋转将土料运出，泥土室内土压可由刀盘旋转开挖速度和螺旋输出料器出土量（旋转速度）进行调节。Thesoilmaterial(foamisaddedwhennecessarytoimprovethesoil)isusedasthemediumtostabilizetheexcavationsurface,andasoilchamberisformedbetweenthediaphragmbehindthecutterheadandtheexcavationsurface.Thecutterheadrotatestoexcavateandincreasethesoilmaterial,andthenthescrewfeederrotatestotransportthesoilmaterialout.Thesoilpressureinthesoilchambercanbeadjustedbytherotatingexcavationspeedofthecutterheadandtheamountofsoil(rotationspeed)producedbythescrewfeeder.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology分类：Classification（1）土压盾构Earthpressureshieldtunneling把土料（必要时添加泡沫等对土壤进行改良）作为稳定开挖面的介质，刀盘后隔板与开挖面之间形成泥土室，刀盘旋转开挖使泥土料增加，再由螺旋输料器旋转将土料运出，泥土室内土压可由刀盘旋转开挖速度和螺旋输出料器出土量（旋转速度）进行调节。Thesoilmaterial(foamisaddedwhennecessarytoimprovethesoil)isusedasthemediumtostabilizetheexcavationsurface,andasoilchamberisformedbetweenthediaphragmbehindthecutterheadandtheexcavationsurface.Thecutterheadrotatestoexcavateandincreasethesoilmaterial,andthenthescrewfeederrotatestotransportthesoilmaterialout.Thesoilpressureinthesoilchambercanbeadjustedbytherotatingexcavationspeedofthecutterheadandtheamountofsoil(rotationspeed)producedbythescrewfeeder.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology分类：Classification（2）泥水加压平衡盾构Mudandwaterpressurisedandbalancedshield泥水式盾构机是通过加压泥水或泥浆（通常为膨润土悬浮液）来稳定开挖面，在机械式盾构的刀盘的后侧，其刀盘后面有一个密封隔板，把水、粘土及其添加剂混合制成的泥水，经输送管道压入泥水仓，待泥水充满整个泥水仓，并具有一定压力，形成泥水压力室，开挖土料与泥浆混合由泥浆泵输送到洞外分离厂，经分离后泥浆重复使用。Mudwatershieldtunnelingmachinestabilizestheexcavationsurfacebypressurizingmudwaterormud(usuallybentonitesuspension).Atthebackofthemechanicalshield'scutterhead,thereisasealingpartitionbehindthecutterhead,whichmixeswater,clay,andtheiradditivestomakemudwater.Themudwateristhenpressedintothemudwatertankthroughatransmissionpipeline,andwhenthemudwaterfillstheentiremudwatertankandhasacertainpressure,itformsamudwaterpressurechamber,Themixtureofexcavatedsoilandmudistransportedbyamudpumptotheseparationplantoutsidethetunnel,andthemudisreusedafterseparation.洞门加固Cavedoorreinforcement洞门凿除Cavitydoorcutting反力架安装Anti-frameinstallation盾构机托架安装Installationofshieldmachinebracket盾构机下井Shieldmachinedownwell盾构机就位Shieldmachineinposition初始掘进Initialdigging参数调整Parameteradjustment接收托架安装Receivingbracketinstallation洞门密封圈安装Installationofcavitydoorseals洞门处车站围护桩凿除Excavationofthestationenclosurepilesatthecaverndoor盾构机到达Theshieldarrives洞门施工Constructionofcavitydoors正常掘进Normaldigging复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾构机的施工Constructionoftheshieldmachine复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology01适用于各种复杂的工程地质和水文地质条件，从淤泥质土层到中风化和微风化岩层。Suitableforawiderangeofcomplexengineeringandhydrogeologicalconditions,fromsiltysoilstomoderatelyweatheredandslightlyweatheredrockformations.盾构机的适用范围Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine盾构法施工隧道应有足够的埋深，覆土深度不宜小于6m。隧道覆土太浅，盾构法施工难度较大；在水下修建隧道时，覆土太浅盾构施工安全风险较大。Shieldtunnelsshouldbeconstructedatasufficientdepthofburial,withanoverburdendepthofnotlessthan6m.Ifthetunneloverburdenistooshallow,theshieldconstructionmethodismoredifficult;whenconstructingatunnelunderwater,thesafetyrisksofshieldconstructionaregreateriftheoverburdenistooshallow.02复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾构机的适用范围Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾构机的适用范围:Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine03.地面上必须有修建用于盾构进出洞和出土进料的工作井位置。Theremustbealocationonthegroundfortheconstructionofworkingshaftsfortheshieldentryandexitholesandfortheexcavationandfeedingofmaterial.04.隧道之间或隧道与其他建(构)筑物之间所夹土(岩)体加固处理的最小厚度为水平方向1.0m，竖直方向1.5m。Theminimumthicknessofsoil(rock)reinforcementbetweentunnelsorbetweentunnelsandotherbuildings(structures)is1.0mhorizontallyand1.5mvertically.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾构机的适用范围Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine03地面上必须有修建用于盾构进出洞和出土进料的工作井位置。Theremustbealocationonthegroundfortheconstructionofworkingshaftsfortheshieldentryandexitholesandfortheexcavationandfeedingofmaterial.04隧道之间或隧道与其他建(构)筑物之间所夹土(岩)体加固处理的最小厚度为水平方向1.0m，竖直方向1.5m。Theminimumthicknessofsoil(rock)reinforcementbetweentunnelsorbetweentunnelsandotherbuildings(structures)is1.0mhorizontallyand1.5mvertically.复杂盾构法施工技术Complexshieldtunnelingconstructiontechnology盾构机的适用范围Scopeofapplicationoftheshieldmachine05从经济角度讲，盾构连续施工长度不宜小于300m。Fromaneconomicpointofview,thelengthofcontinuousshieldconstructionshouldnotbelessthan300m.盾构机的施工Constructionoftheshieldmachine工程案例Projectexamples图17号线7306标段示意图Figure1Schematicdiagramofsection7306ofLine7图2深圳地铁7号线7306标段八卦岭站至黄木岗、红岭北站盾构区间Figure2ShieldintervalfromBaguaLingStationtoHuangmugangandHonglingNorthStation,Section7306ofShenzhenMetroLine7深圳地铁7号线7306标是叠线隧道最多（5段），最长（1029m），净距最小（约2m）的标段，地面环境复杂,盾构施工难度大，风险高。ShenzhenMetroLine7,Bid7306hasthelargestnumberoftunnels(5sections),thelongest(1029m)andthesmallestcleardistance(about2m)onthestackedline,thegroundenvironmentiscomplex,theshieldconstructionisdifficultandtheriskishigh.工程案例Projectexamples首次建立了叠线隧道盾构始发与接收综合技术，包括采用门式模板支架浇筑中板的下隧道盾构吊装井封井技术、场地受限与不受限条件下叠线盾构始发技术、叠线上隧道盾构接收技术，探明了叠线盾构区间与始发车站之间的施工相互影响关系，总结出一套系统的叠线隧道施工组织管理技术。Forthefirsttime,acomprehensivetechnologyforthestartandreceptionofshieldstructuresinstackedlinetunnelswasestablished,includingthetechnologyforsealingthelowertunnelshieldliftingshaftusingportalformworksupportsforpouringthecentreslab,thetechnologyforthestartofshieldstructuresinstackedlinetunnelsunderrestrictedandunrestrictedsiteconditions,andthetechnologyforthereceptionofshieldstructuresinstackedlinetunnels,whichexploredtheconstructioninteractionbetweenshieldintervalsandstartstationsinstackedlinetunnelsandconcludedasetofsystematicconstructionorganisationandmanagementtechniquesforstackedlinetunnels.盾构机安装现场Figure3Shieldmachineinstallationsite施工验收规范概述

OverviewofConstructionAcceptanceSpecifications施工验收规范的演变过程

theevolutionofconstructionacceptancespecifications谢谢聆听Thankyouforlistening《建筑施工新