新世纪研究生公共英语教材听说(上)全原文、解析、答案

.......专业word可编辑.新世纪研究生公共英语教材听说（上）听力原文Lesson1Music1.M:Bytheway,Jane,didyoutalktotheconsultant顾问aboutournewhealthprogram?

W:Icontacted联系hisofficebuthissecretarysaidhewould（beoutfor）试图得到lunchuntiltwo.

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanmean?B.shecouldn’ttalktotheconsultantbeforetwo2.W:Weneedtoleteveryoneknowaboutthecharity[ˈtʃæriti]n.慈爱concert,butwedon'thavemuchmoneyforadvertising.

M:Howaboutusingtheschoolradiostation?Theybroadcastfreepublicservice服务announcements.通告

Q:

Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo?

c.Asktheschoolradiostationforhelp

3.W:Idon'tunderstandwhythisself-study自学bookdoesn'thaveanswerstothequestions.

M:Butitdoes.Youcanfindthematthebackofthebook.Q:Whatdoesthemansayabouttheself-studybook?d.thebookdoesincludetheanswer4.M:Thenewsalesmanagersayshehasnevermetyoubefore.

W:We'vebeenintroducedaboutthreetimes.Heseemsalittleforgetful.Q:Whatdowelearnaboutthenewsalesmanager?B.Heprobablyhasapoormemory5.M:Haveyouhadthebrakes[breik]n制动器;闸;刹车.andtireschecked?Anddoyouhaveenoughmoney?

W:Ihavetakencareofeverything.AndI'msureit'sgoingtobeawonderful极好的,精彩的,绝妙的trip.Q:What'sthewomangoingtodo?D.spendsometimetravelling6.M:I'vehadmynewstereo立体声forawholeweek,butIhaven'tyetfiguredout想到howtorecordmusic.

W:Didn'taninstructionmanual[ˈmænjuəl]手册形式的，像手册的；教范性质的comewithit?Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?Bthemanshouldrefertotheinstructionmanual7.W:Iwanttopayyouforthatlong-distancecallImade.But,Isupposeyouhaven'tgottenyourphonebillyet,

M:Oh,butIhave.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?Ahehasreceivedhistelephonebill.8.M:ProfessorSmithassignedusthreemorenovelstoread.

W:Hemustthinkyoudon'thaveanyotherclasses.

Q:WhatcanbeinferredaboutProfessorSmith?Bheassignstoomuchwork9.M:Let'sgowatchthefireworks烟花tonight.

W:Ihaveticketstothetheater.

Q:

Whatplandoesthemanhasthatnight?Bhe’llgoandwatchthefireworks10.M:Iamexhausted筋疲力尽的.Istayedup熬夜thewholenightstudyingformyhistorymidtermexam.

W:Whydoyoualwayswaittillthelastminute?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredabouttheman?Ahehadbadstudyhabits11.M:I'llbecomingstraightfromwork,soI'llhavetopack包装；捆扎achangeofclothes.

W:It'sonlyabarbecue[ˈbɑ:bikju:](常用于室外的)金属烤架.JeansandT-shirtswillbefine.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?DCasualdresswillbeappropriate12.W:I'mgoingtothesnack[snæk]小吃;点心;快餐barforacupofcoffee.Wouldyoulikemetobringyoubacksomething?M:Notfromthesnackbar,butcouldyoupickupapaperforme?

Q:

Whatdoesthemanmean?Chewantshertogethimanewspaper13.M:Idon'tunderstandhowthisbudgetwascalculated[ˈkælkjuleit]计算,估计,核算.

W:Letmehavealook,OK?

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanmean?Cshe’lltrytoseewhatmethodwasused14.W:Weneedafourthplayerfortennisthismorning.Doyouwanttojoinus?

M:I'vegotaclassatnine,butCarolisfreeandsheisreallygood.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?BaskCaroltoplaytennis15.W:Haveyousavedenoughtobuythatnewprinterforyourcomputeryet?

M:Youknow,moneyseemstobeburningaholeinmypocketlately.Maybenextmonth.

Q:

Whatdoesthemanlikelytodothefollowingmonth?Aheislikelytobuyanewprinterthefollowingmonth.PassageII:AmericanMusicOneofAmerica'smostimportantexports出口ishermodernmusic.Americanmusicisplayedallovertheworld.Itisenjoyedbythepeopleofallagesinallcountries.Althoughthelyrics['liriks]歌词areEnglish,peoplenotspeakingEnglishcanenjoyittoo.Thereasonsforitspopularity普遍,流行;areitsfastpace[peis步子；节奏andrhythmic[ˈrɪðmɪk]有韵律的,有节奏的beat[bi:t]节拍,拍子.Themusichasmanyorigins[ˈɔridʒin]起点;来源intheUnitedStates.Countrymusic,comingfromtherural农村的，乡村的areasinthesouthernUnitedStates,isonesource来源,出处.Countrymusicfeatures以…为物色是…特征simplethemes题目，主题，andmelodies曲调,歌曲describingday-to-daysituations形势;情况andthefeelingsofcountrypeople.Manypeopleappreciate欣赏,赏识,thismusicbecauseoftheemotions情感，感情expressedbycountrymusicsongs.AsecondoriginofAmericanpopularmusicistheblues[blu:z]布鲁斯歌曲；蓝调歌曲.Itdepicts描述mostlysadfeelingsreflecting表达;反映thedifficultlivesofAmericanblacks.Itisusuallyplayedandsungbyblackmusicians,butitispopularwithallAmericans.（Rockmusic）摇滚音乐isanewerformofmusic.Thismusicstyle风格,featuring.以…为物色是…特征fastandrepetitious重复的;反复的rhythms节奏,wasinfluencedbytheblues布鲁斯歌曲；蓝调歌曲andcountrymusic.Itwasfirstknownasrock-and-rollinthe1950s.Sincethentherehavebeenmanyformsofrockmusic:hardrock,softrock,

andothers.Manyperformersofpopularmusicareyoungmusicians.Americanpopularmusicismarketed在市场上出售某物toademanding(顾客的)需求、需要audience观众,听众;读者.Nowpopularsongsareheardontheradioseveraltimesaday.Somesongshavebecomepopularallovertheworld.Peoplehearthesesongssungintheiroriginal起初的;原来的Englishorsometimestranslatedintootherlanguages.Thewordsmaydifferbuttheenjoymentofthemusicisuniversal普遍的.1.WhichgroupofpeopleenjoyAmericanmusic?DAlloftheabove2.WhyisAmericanmusicsopopularinallcountries?DBecauseithasafastpaceandrhythmicbeat3.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?CThebluesisusuallyplayedbyblackmusicians4.Whatdoyouknowfromthepassage?CRockmusicwasinfluencedbythebluesandcountrymusic5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?CThewordsofsongsdiffer,andsodoestheenjoymentofAmericanpopmusicPassageIII:MusicinDifferentCulturesInwesternculturemusicisregardedasgoodbybirth在血统上,生来,andsoundsthatarewelcomearesaidtobe"musictotheears".Insomeothercultures文化--forexample,Islamic伊斯兰的,伊斯兰教的culture--itisoflittlevalue,associated(使)发生联系,(使)联合;结交,结伙withsin[sin]罪恶,罪孽andevil罪恶.IntheWestandinthehighculturesofAsia,itissaidthattherearethreetypesofmusic.First,classical古典的,经典的music,composed组成,构成andperformedbytrainedprofessionals具有某专业资格的人,专业人士originally最初underthesupportofcourts宫廷,宫室andreligious宗教的establishments建立,确立;second,folkmusic民间音乐,sharedbythepopulationatlargeandpassedon传递;传授orally口头上地,口述地,andthird,popularmusic,performedbyprofessionals,spread(使)传播,(使)散布throughradio,television,records,film,andprint,andconsumed消耗，耗尽bythemasspublic.Musicisamajorcomponent成分,组成部分,部件,元件inreligious宗教的services,theater剧场,戏院,,andentertainment娱乐,文娱节目,表演会ofallsorts.Themostuniversaluseofmusicisasapartofreligiousrituals仪式.Insometribal[ˈtraɪbəl]部落的societies,musicappearstoserveasaspecialformofcommunicationwithsupernatural超自然的;鬼、神或幻术所引起的beings,anditsprominent显著的;突出的useinmodernChristian基督教徒andJewish犹太人的;犹太教徒的servicesmaybetheleftoverofjustsuchanoriginal原始的purpose.Anotherlessobviousfunctionofmusicissocialadherence遵守;遵循；坚持.Formostsocialgroups,musiccanserveasapowerfulsymbol象征,标志.Membersofmostsocietiessharekeen热衷的,热心的,feelingsastowhatkindofmusicthey"belongto".Indeed,someminorities少数,小部分including,intheU.S.A.,blackAmericansandEuro-Americangroupsusemusicasamajorsymbolofgroupidentity身份.Musicalsosymbolizes象征;作为…的象征military军事的,军用的;,patriotic[ˌpætriˈɔtik]爱国的,有爱国心的andfuneral葬礼,丧礼moods心情,情绪andevents.Inamoregeneral普遍的,全面的;sense,musicmayexpressthecentral最重要的,主要的,首要socialvaluesofasociety.Inwesternculture,theinterrelationship相互关系ofconductorandorchestra[ˈɔ:kistrə]管弦乐队symbolizestheneedforstrongcooperation合作,协作amongvariouskindsofspecialists专家,行家inamodernindustrialsociety.1.Inwhatcultureismusicregardedasgoodbybirth?CInWesternculture2.Whichofthefollowingisperformedbyprofessionals?BClassicalmusicandpopularmusic3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?CMusicisaspecialformofcommunicationwithsupernaturalbeinginAsia4.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemostuniversaluseofmusic?DReligiousritual宗教仪式5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTsymbolized象征bymusic?DFriendship

Lesson2Holidays1.M:Doyoustillwanttogotothegraduate研究生的schoolafteryougetoutofcollege?

W:I'vechangedmymindaboutthat.IwanttostartworkingbeforeIgobacktoschool.

Q:

Whatdoesthewomanmean?BShe‘snotgoingtograduatedschoolimmediatelyaftergraduation.2.M:We'vegotawholehourbeforetheBrownscomeby来串门,来访topickusup安排接取;使搭乘;搭救.

W:Yeah.Butwe'dbettergetmoving赶快；快些开始.

Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheydo?AHurry3.M:I'mthinkingofgettinganewprinter.

W:I'dinvestin在…上投资,在…投入(时间、精力等)alaser[ˈleizə激光]printer.Theprintqualityismuchbetter.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?CThemanshouldbuyahigh-qualityprinter.4.W:I'vegotacoupon[ˈku:pɔn]配给券；（购物）票证；（购物）优惠券forhalf-off五折dinneratthatnewrestaurantdownthestreet.IthinkI'lluseitwhenmycousin[ˈkʌzn]堂[表]兄弟[姊妹]comesforavisitthisweekend.

M:Wheredidyougetit?Iwouldn'tmind（tryingthatplaceouttoo）试验.

Q:Whatdoesthemanwanttoknow?CWherethewomangotcoupon5.W:What'sLauradoingheretoday?Ithoughtshewassupposed料想;猜想;以为tobeoutof离开了theofficeonMondays.

W:Shedecidedshe'dratherhaveFridaysoffinstead.

Q:WhatcanbeinferredaboutLaura?AShehaschangedherschedule6.M:Ineedtofindanewroommate<英>室友,住在同室的人.

W:SoJohn'sgoingtoCaliforniaafterall.

Q:Whatcanbeinferredfromtheconversation?Btheman’scurrentroommateismoving7.M:Mymathassignment's工作,任务due到期的tomorrowmorningandIhaven'tevenstartedityet.

W:I'llmiss想念,惦记youatthepartytonight.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?Dthemanwon’tbeabletogototheparty8.W:Thosepackages包,包裹,包在一起的东西tookforever长久地；（与动词进行时连用）老是，没完没了地toarrive.

M:Buttheydidarrive,didn'tthey?Q:Whatdoesthemansayaboutthepackages?BTheyeventuallyarrived9.M:Myparentsarecomingtoseeourapartment一套房间,一户thisweekend.

W:LooksasifI'dbetterlendyoumyvacuum[ˈvækjuəm]〈口〉真空吸尘器cleaner净化器then.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?DTheman’sapartmentisdirty10.M:Sarah,didyouhaveachancetobuythatnewnovelyouwanted?

W:No,butIhadDorisgetitforme.

Q:

WhatdoesSarahsayaboutthenovel?DDorispurchaseditforher11.M:I'vebeenwaitingallweekforthisconcert.Thephilharmonic[filɑ:ˈmɔnik]交响乐团issupposedtobeexcellentandwithourstudentdiscoun[ˈdiskaunt]数目,折扣ttheticketswillbereallycheap.

W:Uh--uh,I'mafraidIleftmystudentIDinmyotherpurse钱包.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?暗示,暗指CShewon’tbeabletogetthestudentdiscount12.M:Theuniversitybookstoreopensat9inthemorning.

W:Oh,dear.Ineedatextbook教科书,课本formyeighto'clockclasstoday.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?AShewon’tbeabletogetthebookbeforeclass13.M:Thestorm暴风雨[雪]lastnightdamagedsomeoftheneighbor'sroofs.

W:nowonder不足为奇.

Q:Whatisthewomanreactiontothemansays?CSheisn’tsurprised14.M:You'vecertainly无疑地;确定地；肯定地beenreadingthatonepageforalongtimenow.

W:Well,I'mbeingtestedonittomorrow.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply暗示?Csheneedstoreadthepagecarefully15.W:Anotherthingweneedtodoisshowthenewstudentsaroundtown.Youknow,showthemallthesights视野；风景ofthearea.

M:Idon'tseewhyweneedtodothatourselves.Iunderstandthevisitors'centeroffersawonderfulbustour旅行,观光

Q:

Whatdoesthemansuggesttheydo?BSendthenewstudentsonabustourofcityPARTBPassageI:

PeopleintheUSgetatwo-weekpaid有报酬的;领取报酬的vacationfromtheirjobeveryyear.MostBritishpeoplehavefourorfiveweekspaidholidayayear.Americansoftencomplain抱怨,诉苦;投诉thattwoweeksisnotenoughespeciallywhentheyhearaboutthelongerholidaysthatEuropeansenjoy.Inaddition,thereareeightdaysineachEuropeancountry,whicharepublicholidays(theBritishcallBankHoliday)andmanyofthesefallon落到,轮到aMondaygivingpeoplealongweekend.

WhatdopeopledoinBritainandtheUSwhentheyareonholidays?IntheUS,outdoorvacationsarepopular,forexample,attheGrandCanyon峡谷orYellowstoneorothernationalparksorforests.Youngpeoplemaygowalkingorcamping宿营,露营inthemountains.Manypeoplehavesmalltrailers拖车,挂车inwhichtotravel,oriftheyareinacar,theymaystayatmotels汽车旅馆onthejourney旅行;行程;.DisneylandandDisneyworldarealsopopularandpeoplecangoskiingintheRocky洛矶MountainsofColorado科罗拉多州,Wyoming怀俄明州andMontana蒙大纳(美国州名).

Somechildrengotosummercampforaholidayduringthesummervacationfromschool,wheretheydospecialactivities,suchassportsorcrafts技巧；技能；技艺.WhenAmericanswantaholidayforfuninthesun,theyusuallygotoFlorida,Hawaii,MexicoortheCaribbean.TheymaygotoEuropeforculture,forexample,toseeart,plays,andplacesofhistoric历史上著名（或重要）的interest.

InBritain,manypeopleliketogototheseasideforholidays.Thereareplacesnearthesea,suchasBackpool,Scarborough斯卡波罗andBournemouth伯恩茅斯,wherethereisplenty充裕,大量,富庶todoevenwhenitrains.Peoplealsoliketogotothecountry,especiallytowalk,inplaceslikeScotland,WalesandtheLake湖泊District.WhentheBritishgoabroadtheyusuallywanttogosomewherewarm.SpainandtheSpanishislandsofMajoreaandIbiza伊比沙岛arepopularasareotherplacesinsouthernEurope.Forskiing,peopleoftengototheAlps阿尔卑斯山.1.HowlongapaidvacationcanAmericansenjoyeveryyear?ATwoweeks2.HowmanydaysarethereaboutpublicholidaysforEuropeansinayear?CEightdays3.

WheredoAmericansusuallygoforfuninthesun?DFlorida4.WheredoAmericansusuallyspendtheirholidaysforculture?CEurope5.BritishpeopleusuallygotoSpainforholidays.Whatfor?BForskiingPassageII:EverycountryintheworldcelebratesNewYearbutnoteveryonedoesitonthesameday.ThecountriesofNorthandSouthAmericaandEuropewelcometheNewYearonJanuary1.ThispracticebeganwiththeRomans.JuliusCaesar,aRomanruler,changedthedateoftheNewYearfromthefirstdayofMarchtothefirstdayofJanuary.IntheMiddleEast,NewYearisonthedaywhenspringbegins.PeopleinChinacelebrateitontheSpringFestival,whichisthefirstdayoftheirlunar[ˈlju:nə]月的,月球的;按阴历的calendar[ˈkælində]日历,月历.TheSpringFestivalusuallycomesbetweenJanuary21andFebruary19.RoshHashana犹太新年,whichistheJewishNewYear,comesattheendofsummer.

Inallofthesecultures,thereisatraditionofmakingnoise.Peoplemadenoiseinancienttimestodriveawaytheevil邪恶的,坏的，恶毒的spirits神灵,幽灵fromhome.Today,manypeopledoitwithfire-works.InJapan,peoplegofromhousetohousemakingnoisewithdrums鼓,鼓状物andbamboo竹,竹竿sticks棍,棒.YoungpeopleinDenmark丹麦throwbrokenpiecesofjars罐子,广口瓶orpotsagainstthesidesoffriends'houses.

IntheUnitedStates,manypeoplestayupuntilmidnightonNewYear'sEve前日,前夕towatchtheclockpassfromoneyeartothenext.FriendsoftengathertogetheratapartyonNewYear'sEve,andwhentheNewYearcomes,allring环状物,圆圈bells钟,铃,电铃,blow吹horns[hɔ:n]号,号角,blowwhistle哨子,汽笛songs,andkisseachother.

InmanyEuropeancountries,familiesstartthenewyearbyfirstattendingchurchservices,whichisfollowedbypayingcallsonfriendsandrelatives.ItalianboysandgirlsreceivegiftsofmoneyonNewYear'sDay.NewYear'sDayismorejoyful快乐的,高兴的thanChristmas圣诞节inFranceandScotland.InthesecountriesChristmasisareligiousholidayonly,whiletheNewYearisthetimeforgifts-giving,parties,andvisits.1.WhochangedthedateoftheNewYearfromMarch1toJanuary17ARomanruler2.WhendoestheJewishNewYearbegin?DAttheendofsummer3.WhydidpeoplemakenoiseinancienttimeswhentheycelebratedtheNewYear?DTodriveawayevilspiritsfromtheirhome4.Accordingtothespeaker,howdothechildreninDenmarkcelebratetheNewYear?ATheythrowbrokenpieceofjarsorpotsagainstthesidesoffriends’houses5.InwhichcountrydochildrenreceivegiftsofmoneyonNewYear'sDay?BItalyimportantfestivaloftheyearinFrance.

Lesson3Economy1.W:ThereportsaysalldepartmentsaremakingaprofitexcepttheAsiandepartment.M:Well,Mr.Smithseemstobethewrongpersontoheadthatdepartment.Onemorestepwrongandhewillberemovedfromthatoffice.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Mr.Smithwillbereplacedifhemakesanothermistake.2.W:Duringthelastthunderstorm,Inoticedseveralleaksinmybedroomceilingandtheyreallycausedamess.M:Maybeyouhavesomebrokentiles.Ihavethephonenumberofagoodroofingcompanythatcoulddoagoodrepairjobforyouatareasonableprice.Q:Whatcanweconcludefromthisconversation?A.Theroofofthewoman’shouseneedstoberepaired.3.W:Howdidyoudoonthemathexam,John?M:Ibarelymadeit.ItwasjustapassingscorebutbetterthanIhadexpected.Q:Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?B.Johndidbetterthanhethoughthewasableto.4.M:IwonderwhatmakesMothersoupsetthesedays?W:Fatheriscancelinghisvacationtrip.Hepromisedtotakeherabroadlastyear,butthecompanyisagainaskingfathertopostponehisvacation.Q:Whyistheirmotherunhappy?A.Theirfatherisunabletokeephispromise.5.W:Friday'sspeakerissupposedtobewonderful.Areyouattendingtheseminarthatday?M:Yes,butIhaven'tbeenabletogetaticketyet.Sincethelectureisopentothepublic,Iimaginetheticketsmayhavealreadybeensoldout.Q:Whyisthemanafraidhewon'tbeabletoattendtheseminar?D.Hethinksthattheremightnotbeanmoreticketsavailable.6.M:Couldyoulendmeyourbiologynotes?W:Doyouthinkyou'llbeabletomakeoutmyhandwriting?Q:Whatdoesthewomanimplyaboutthenotes?C.Theymightbehardtoread.7.W:DidyoupickupmybooksfromRon'shouse?M:Sorry.Itslippedmymind.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?B.Heforgottogetthebooks.8.W:Wouldyouliketogotothemovieswithustonight?M:Tothemovies?Tonightisthebiggestconcertoftheyear.Q:Whatdoesthemanlikelytodoatthatnight?A.Heislikelytogototheconcert.9.M:JustonepersoninthewholeclassgotanAonthetest!YOU!W:ALLRIGHT!!!Q:Whatdoesthewomanfeelonhearwhatthemansays?D.Sheisverypleased.10.W:Wearehavingapartyatourhouseontheweekendofthe30th.Wouldyouliketojoinus?M:Thatsoundslikealotoffun.ButI'llneedtocheckmycalendarfirst.Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?B.Hemayalreadyhaveplans.11.M:I'vebeenrunningamileeveryafternoonforthepastmonth.ButIstillhaven'tbeenabletolosemorethanapoundortwo.Iwonderifit'sworthit.W:Oh,don'tgiveupnow.Italwaysseemshardwhenyouarejuststartingout.Q:Whatdoesthemandoaccordingtothewoman’sadvice?D.Continuehisexerciseprogram.12.M:I'mgoingtothevegetablestandtoday.CanIpickupanythingforyou?W:No,thanks.Ijustcamebackfromthemarketmyself.Q:Whydoesthewomandeclinetheman’soffer?C.Shehasbeentothemarket.13.M:Idon'tunderstandwhyIreceivedsuchalowgradeonmytermpaper.W:Youshouldmakeanappointmentwiththeprofessortodiscussit.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Seehisprofessoraboutthepaper.14.M:Thesoundofallthattrafficisdrivingmeoutofmymind.W:Itishad.Butthehighwaywillreopentomorrow,thenwewon'thaveallthosecarspassingbyanymore.Q:Whatdoesthewomanimply?D.Thetrafficwon’tdetourafterthefollowingday.15.W:Iinvitedyourmothertolunchyesterday.Butshesaidshedidn'thaveanyfreetime.M:Yeah.Shejustgotanewjob.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?D.Hismother’snewjobkeepsherbusy.PassageI:EstablishedonJanuary1,1995,WorldTradeOrganizationisthesuccessortotheGeneralAgreementonTariffs（关税）andTrade(GATT).Itexiststopromoteafree-marketinternationaltradesystem.TheWTOpromotestradeby:1.reducingtariffs;2.prohibitingimportorexportbansorquotas（定量）;3.eliminatingdiscriminationagainstforeignproductsandservices;4.eliminatingotherimpedimentstotrade,commonlycalled"non-tarifftradebarriers''.WithChina'ssuccessfulentryintoWTOinNov2001,itcurrentlyhas135membercountries,accountingforover90%ofworldtrade.Over30othersarenegotiatingmembership.TheWTO'stop-leveldecision-makingbodyistheministerialconferencewhichmeetsatleastonceeverytwoyears.Overthree-quartersofWTOmembersaredevelopingcountries.SpecialprovisionsforthesemembersareincludedintheWTO'sagreements.GATTisnowtheWTO'sprincipalrule-book.Decisionsaremadebytheentiremembershipbyconsensusormajorityvote.TheWTO'sagreementshavebeenratifiedinallmembers'parliaments.Ifatradebarrierisfoundtobeunfair,theWTOcanauthorizetheimpositionoftradesanctionstoforceachangeinthatcountry'slaw.TheWTOexemptstradebarrierswhicharedesignedtoconservenaturalresourcesorprotecthealth.CriticssaytheWTOcreditsagreementsareskewedinfavorofrichcountries.Thewestmaypreachtradeliberalization,butithasusednegotiationstoprizethirdworldmarketwhilekeepingitsownbarriersintact.1.WhenwastheWorldTradeOrganizationestablished?B.OnJanuary1,1995.2.WhatistheaimofestablishingtheWTO?D.Topromoteafree-marketinternationaltradesystem.3.Accordingtothepassage,howmanymembercountriesdoestheWTOcurrentlyhave?A.134.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?C.TheWTO’stopleveldecision-makingbodymeetsatleastonceeachyear.5.WhatdoestheWTOdoifatradebarrierisfoundtobeunfairinacertaincountry?A.TheWTOauthorizestheimpositionoftradesanctionsonthecountry.1.GATT,2.over90%,3.theministerialconference,4.conservenaturalresources,protecthealth,5.infavorofrichcountries.PassageIIWorldfinancialcirclesaffirmthatthisyearhaswitnessedthemostforcefuleconomicgrowthoverthepast13years.Thegrowthrateisexpectedtoreach4.7percent,muchhigherthanthe2.5percentin1998andthe3.3percentin1999.Theaverageeconomicgrowthrateofdevelopedcountriesmayreach4.2percentthisyear.TheUSeconomycontinuestoleadthetideoftheworldeconomicgrowth,withitseconomicgrowthrategettingcloseto5.2percent.TheEuropeaneconomicsituationisalsobetterthanthatinpreviousyears,andtheaveragegrowthrateofthe11countriesintheEurozoneistoreach3.5percent.TheJapaneseeconomyhasfreeditselffromaslump,anditsgrowthratethisyearmayreach1.9percent,higherthantheaveragegrowthrateinthepast10years.Theaverageeconomicgrowthrateofthedevelopingcountriesthisyearcanreach5.6percent.TheeconomicdevelopmentintheAsiandevelopingregionshasattractedpeople'sattention.Theirgrowthratethisyearmayreach7.1percent.TheRussianeconomyhashadanunexpected,strongrecoveryfromthe1998crisis,withthegrowthratepossiblyreaching6percent.Amongthemanyfactorsthathaveboostedworldeconomicgrowth,thegrowinginformationtechnologicalindustryisplayinganincreasinglyoutstandingrole.Theinformationtechnologicalindustryisbecomingaleadingindustryinthenationaleconomyandaneweconomicgrowthpoint.Accordingtoexperts'estimate,filecurrentcontributionrateoftheinformationtechnologicalindustrytotheworldeconomicgrowthis18.2percent.ItsratiointhegrowthoftheUSeconomyisevenhigher,standingatone-third.Theinformationtechnologicalindustryiscurrentlytheworld,economicsectorexperiencingrapiddevelopmentandiscreatingever-morewealth,Theintegrationofthetraditionaleconomyandthewebeconomyhasbecomethepresentdevelopmenttrendoftheworldeconomy.1.Theyaffirmthattheyear2000haswitnessedthemostforcefuleconomicgrowthoverthepast13years.2.TheRussianeconomy.3.18.2%.4.Theinformationtechnologicalindustry.5.Thepresentdevelopmenttrendoftheworldeconomyistheintegrationofthetraditionaleconomyandthewebeconomy.1)4.2%,2)5.2%,3)3.5%,4)1.9%,5)5.6%,6)7.1%,7)6%PassageIII:PresidentJiangZeminsaidonNovember16,2000thatinthedevelopmentofa"NewEconomy",itisessentialtotakeadvantageofthelatestdevelopmentsinscienceandtechnology.HemadethisaddressattheeighthinformalmeetingofleadersoftheAPECforum.Heexplainedthatthe"NewEconomy"referstothekindofeconomyinitiatedandsustainedbynewtechnologiesandhi-techindustries.Theadvancementoftechnology,ledbyITandbiotechnologyindustries,isgivingrisetoanewindustrialrevolution,Jiangsaid.Developingcountriesarefacedwiththedifficulttaskofbothtransformingtheirtraditionalindustriesanddevelopingnewindustries,Jiangnoted,addingthatcontinuedexpansionofthe'digitaldivide"haswidenedthewealthgapbetweenNorthandSouthandmaytriggernewimbalancesintheworldeconomy."Againstthebackgroundofacceleratedeconomicglobalizationandthedynamicprogressofscienceandtechnology,wemustfacilitatecooperationbetweendevelopedanddevelopingcountriesonexchangesofhumanresources,technologyandinfrastructure,andwemusthelpcountriesdevelopindependentlytonarrowtheNorth-Southgap."Today,thedevelopment,applicationandimpactofscienceandtechnologyfartranscendsnationalboundaries.Forexample,everymajorbreakthroughmadeinthehumangenomeprojectisacrystallizationofcooperationbetweenscientistsfromanumberofcountries.Onlywhenappliedinaglobalcontextcantheachievementsofscienceandtechnologybenefitpeople",Jiangsaid.Healsonotedthateconomicglobalizationshouldstressthepopularizationofscientificandtechnologicalknowledge.Theprotectionofintellectualpropertyrightsshouldbeguidedbymarketrulesinsuchawaythattheruleswillbehelpfultothespreadofscientificandtechnologicalknowledge,sothatallcountriesmaybenefit,headded.1.OnNovember16,2000.2.Itisessentialtotakeadvantageofthelatestdevelopmentsin