2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit3Familymatters泛读技能初养成学案外研版必修第一册

PAGEUnit3Familymatters依据P32－33教材课文内容选择正确答案1．Whatcanweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A．AlistairBrownleehadtobepushedbyothersintherace.B．Jonnywasfasterthanhisbrotherbeforefallingdown.C．Itwasextremelyhotthedaythetriathlonwasheld.D．Alistairfoundithardtochoosewhethertohelphisbrotherornot.2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A．Alistairwasthefirstcrossingthefinishline.B．JonnypushedAlistairoverthefinishline.C．AlistairhelpedJonnywinthesecondplace.D．Alistairwasproudofhisownmove.3．WhydoesAlistairthinkthathavingabrotheris“anadvantage”？A．Becausehecan'tleavehisbrotherwhentheytrain.B．Becausehelikesarguingwithhisbrotheroverstupidthings.C．Becausehisbrothersetshimagoodexampletolearnfrom.D．Becausehisbrothercanbringhimpositiveforceineverything.4．FromAlistair'sexplanationforhisdecision，weknowthat.A．AlistairisafraidofhismotherB．AlistairreallytreatshimselfasabrotherC．Alistair'smotherloveshisbothermorethanhimD．Alistairdoesn'tlikeothers'opinionsonhisactions5．Thetextmainlytellsus.A．people'sdifferentopinionsabouttheBrownleebrothersB．loveandcompetitionareequallyimportantinthematchC．thevalueofbrotherlyloveD．loveisprecious[答案]1－5BDDBCWordsAndPhrases学问要点1aimv．力求达到；瞄准；对准；旨在n.目标，目的(教材原句P31)Itaimstodeepenpeople'sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.其旨在加深人们对家庭相关事情的理解。[例1]HewenttoShanghaiwiththeaimoffindingajob.他去上海的目的是找工作。[例2]Theprojectaimstoeducateandpreparestudentsforachallengingcareer.这个项目旨在教化学生使其为一个具有挑战性的职业做好打算。[翻译]开火之前细致瞄准目标。Takecarefulaimbeforefiring.[学问拓展](1)takeaimatsth. 瞄准……；对准……withtheaimof... 目的是……(2)aimat/beaimedat(doing)sth. 瞄准，对准；旨在(做)某事aimtodosth. 目标是做某事(3)aimlessadj. 无目标的；无支配的aimlesslyadv. 漫无目的地[即学即练]单句语法填空①Tomtookaimatthebearandfired.Fortunately，thebearwasjustfrightenedandescapedsoon.②I'maimingtolose(lose)5kgbeforethesummerholidays.③Don'targueaimlessly(aim)．Let'ssitdownandtalkthingsover.④They'reaimingattrainingeverybodybytheendoftheyear.学问要点2(教材原句P31)Withadifferentthemeeachyear，thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganisedatlocal，nationalandinternationallevels.一年一个主题，人们实行很多当地的、全国性的乃至国际标准的活动来庆祝这一天。(1)observev．庆祝，过(节日、生日等)；视察；留意到；遵守[例1]ThanksgivingDayisobservedasageneralholidaybytheAmericanpeople.感恩节是美国人普遍庆祝的节日。[例2]Theteacherstoodatthecorner，observingthebehaviourofeverystudent.老师站在角落里视察每个学生的行为。[翻译]你出国时应当遵守当地的风俗习惯。Youshouldobservethelocalcustomwhenyougoabroad.[学问拓展]observesb.dosth. 视察某人做某事(全过程)observesb.doingsth. 留意到某人正在做某事[名师点津]和observe类似，后面可接动词原形、现在分词或过去分词作宾补的感官动词(短语)有：一感觉feel；二听listento，hear；三使let，make，have；五看lookat，see，watch，notice，observe。[即学即练]单句语法填空①Sheobservedamanwalking(walk)ontheoppositesideoftheway.②Theywereobservedtoenter(enter)theblank.(2)rangen．一系列；范围；射程；山脉vi.改变[例1]Readingshouldbeapleasure，sothetextsshouldbewithinyourrange.阅读是一种乐趣，其内容应当在你的实力范围之内。[例2]Itisoneofthemostdifficultpeakstoclimbinthewholerange.在整个山脉中，这是最难攀登的山峰之一。[翻译]我们等着敌人进入我们的射程。Wewaiteduntiltheenemywithinrange.[学问拓展]awiderangeof 一系列的；大范围的beyond/outofrange 超出……的范围rangefrom...to... 在……和……之间改变[即学即练]单句语法填空③Thestudenthasawiderangeofinterests.④Thepricesofthedollsrangefrom$5to$100.⑤Histheorywasbeyondrangeofhumanunderstandingatthattime.学问要点3apologisev．致歉(教材原句P31)Later，onthephonesheapologisedandexplainedthatshewasbusywithworkbecausesomeonewasoffsick.后来，她在电话里致歉并说明说，她工作很忙是因为有人请了病假。[例1]Ifyou'relate，youshouldapologise.假如你迟到了，你应当致歉。[例2]Iapologisedforlosingmytemper.我致歉我不应当发脾气。[翻译]特别对不起，我真心致歉。I'msosorry，Idoapologise.[学问拓展](1)apologisevi. 致歉apologiseforsth. 因某事致歉apologisetosb.for(doing)sth. 因(做了)某事向某人致歉(2)apologyn. 致歉，谢罪accept/refuseanapology 接受/拒绝致歉demandanapology 要求致歉make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.＝offer/givesb.anapologyfor(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而向某人致歉[即学即练]单句语法填空①Hemadeanapologytomeforhisnotbeingabletoinformmeofthechangeintheplan.②I'mafraidshe'sstillangryandrefusestoaccept(accept)myapology.③Imadeanapologytoherforsteppingonherfoot.学问要点4admirev．敬佩，赞美，艳羡[例1]MydeskmateadmiresmyfluentEnglishverymuchandIusuallyfeelencouragedbyhiscompliments.同桌特别艳羡我流利的英语，我常常被他的赞美所鼓舞。[例2]WhenIwasyoung，Iadmiredcleverpeople.NowthatIamold，Iadmirekindpeople.少时喜爱聪慧人，老来喜爱仁厚人。[造句]中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月。在中国，人们还品尝月饼。BothChinaandJapanhaveMid­AutumnFestivals，whenpeopleadmirethemoonandinChina，enjoymooncakes.[学问拓展](1)admiresb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而敬佩某人(2)admirationn. 敬佩；艳羡with/inadmiration 敬佩地(3)admirableadj. 可敬佩的；值得赞许的；令人艳羡[即学即练]单句语法填空①Weadmiretheoldscientistforhisgreatcontributiontohiscountry.②I'dliketoexpressmyadmiration(admire)forhiscourageanduncomplainingspiritofthefirefighters.③Hisbraveryisadmirable(admire)sowealllikehim.学问要点5judgev．认为，推断n.裁判员；法官[例1]Whenweplaytabletennis，weshouldjudgethedirectionoftheball，andhititbackwithgreatstrength.打乒乓球时，我们须要推断球的方向，并用力把它打回去。[例2]Iaminnopositiontojudgewhetherwhatsheisdoingisrightorwrong.我无权评判她在做的事是对还是错。[造句]我认为他四十岁左右。Ijudgedhimtobeaboutforty.[学问拓展](1)judgesb./sth.by/from 通过……推断……asfarasIcanjudge 据我推断(2)judgingfrom/by... 从……来看；依据……推断[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Astheoldsayinggoes，“Youcan'tjudgeabookby/fromitscover.”②Judging(judge)fromherlastletter，theyarehavingawonderfultime.③据我推断，李明更牢靠。AsfarasIcanjudge，LiMingismorereliable.学问要点6settlev．使定居；安静；安定；解决；和解，结束(争辩)；安家；定居；停留[例1]Withtheproblemsettled，hewenthomehappily.问题解决了，他兴奋地回家了。[例2]ManyJewishpeoplesettledintheLowerEastSide.很多犹太人在下东区定居。[造句]孩子们静下来后，布朗小姐给他们发新的故事书。Whenthechildrenhadsettled，MissBrowngaveoutthenewreadingbooks.[学问拓展](1)settlefor 牵强接受，将就settlein/into 安排下来；习惯于；适应settledown (使)安定；定居settledowntosth. 着手细致做某事(2)settlementn. 解决；定居settlern. 移居者；殖民者[即学即练]单句语法填空①Mr.andMrs.Brownwouldliketoseetheirdaughtersettledown，getmarried，andhavekids.②Havingsettledin/intoabeautifulvillage，hesettleddowntohisresearch.③Herefusedtosettleforanythingthatwassecondbest.学问要点7detailn．细微环节，微小之处vt.详述，具体说明(教材原句P32)Featuresarewritteninanindividualstyle，withextradetailandbackground.特写是用一种独特的风格写的，带有额外的细微环节和背景。[例1]Dadplannedourvacationdowntothesmallestdetail.爸爸把我们度假的事情支配得极为细致周到。[例2]Thebrochuredetailsallthehotelsintheareaandtheirfacilities.这本小册子具体介绍了这个地区全部的旅馆及其设施。[造句]今日的报纸具体报道了这起谋杀案。Today'snewspapergivesallthedetailsofthemurder.[学问拓展](1)indetail 具体地gointodetail(s) 详述forfurtherdetails 欲知详情(2)detailedadj. 具体的；详尽的[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Youdon'thavetowritedowneverythingindetail.②Somebuildingsareknownfortheirartisticbeauty，somefortheirdetailed(detail)design，andothersfortheirarchitects'imagination.③简要地告知我所发生的事情，不要详述。Tellmewhathappenedinafewwords，anddon'tgointodetail(s)．学问要点8containvt.包含，含有；容纳(教材原句P32)Themiddlepartcontainsthe“meat”ofthestory，withtheendingbeingasummary，apowerfulquoteorevenasurpriseforthereader.中间部分是故事的“肉”，结尾是一个总结，一句有力的引言，甚至是给读者的一个惊喜。[例1]Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.这本书包含你所需的一切信息。[例2]Thehallcancontain3,000people.这个大厅能容纳3000人。[造句]听到这个消息，我抑制不住我的兴奋。WhenIheardthenews，Icouldnotcontainmyexcitement.[学问拓展](1)contain“包含，含有”，侧重于“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时态。(2)include“包括”，侧重于被包含者只是整体中的一部分。include常以including(名词/代词前)或included(名词/代词后)的形式出现。[即学即练]选词填空(contain/include)①Therearethreeboxesintheroom，includingaredone，whichcontainstenbooks.②Thiskindoffruitcontainslotsofvitamins，vitaminDincluded.学问要点9inthelead领先(教材原句P32)Withjust700metrestogo，AlistairBrownleewasinthirdplaceandhisyoungerbrother，Jonny，wasinthelead.离终点只有700米了，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利名列第三，他的弟弟约翰尼领先。[例1]Atfirst，wewereintheleadthroughout，buttheygraduallycaughtupwithus.原来我们始终领先，可是后来他们渐渐赶上来了。[例2]Shewasintheleadduringtherace.她在赛跑中领先。[造句]尽管难受难忍，这位运动员还是在整个竞赛中处于领先地位，最终赢得了金牌。Despitethepain，theathletewasintheleadthroughouttheentirerace，andfinallywonthegoldmedal.[学问拓展](1)takethelead(indoingsth.) 带头(做某事)playthelead 演主角(2)leadto 导致；造成(后果)；通向leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事lead/livea(n)...life 过……样的生活leadtheway 引路；带路[即学即练]单句语法填空①Whatwasitthatledyoutosay(say)that?②IfIcouldrelivemylife，Iwouldleadquiteadifferentlife，leavinglessregrets.③Yourlazinesswillfinallyleadtofailing(fail)theexam.④Shewasintheleadfromstarttofinish.SentencePatterns重点句式1过去分词(短语)作状语(教材原句P33)Watchedbymillions，theendingtotheracehasdividedopinions：shouldthebrothershavebeendisqualifiedorhighlypraisedfortheiractions?这场竞赛有百万观众收看，人们对竞赛结果存在分歧：是应当取消兄弟俩的竞赛资格，还是对他们的举动大加赞扬？句式分析：过去分词(短语)作状语时可以表示让步、条件、方式、缘由、时间、伴随，表示方式或伴随时一般可转换为并列分句，其他状况下通常可转换为相应的状语从句。[例1]Givenafewminutes，I'llfinishit.再给几分钟，我就会完成它。[例2]Askedaboutthematter，shekeptsilent.当被问及那件事时，她保持缄默了。[造句]由于被这个故事深深地感动，孩子们哭了起来。Deeplymovedbythestory，thechildrencried.[学问拓展]过去分词作状语时，构成分词的动词与分词的逻辑主语之间为动宾关系，且过去分词的逻辑主语为句子的主语。[翻译]①尽管被很多人讪笑，他还是接着他的探讨。Laughedatbymanypeople，hecontinuedhisstudy.②那位女士回家了，福尔摩斯先生跟在她后面。Theladyreturnedhome，followedbyMr.Holmes.[即学即练]单句语法填空①Ordinarysoap，used(use)correctly，candealwithbacteriaeffectively(有效地)．②Raised(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow，hehadalong，hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.③Ordered(order)overaweekago，thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.重点句式2be＋adj.＋动词不定式(教材原句P33)ButforAlistair，hisdecisionwaseasytoexplain：“Mumwouldn'thavebeenhappyifI'dleftJonnybehind.”但对阿利斯泰尔来说，他的确定很简单说明：“假如我把约翰尼落下，妈妈是不会兴奋的。”句式分析：该句型是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中hisdecision和及物动词explain构成动宾关系。在该句型中常常运用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。常用于该句型的形容词多为表示主语性质、特征的词，如easy，hard，difficult，interesting，comfortable等。[例1]Thismachineisveryeasytooperate.这台机器很简单操作。[例2]Thepieceofmusicispleasanttohear.这首乐曲听起来很悦耳。[造句]早上的簇新空气呼吸起来真好。Themorningairissogoodtobreathe.[学问拓展](1)在上面结构中，动词不定式和主语在逻辑上是动宾关系；当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，要加适当的介词。(2)不定式有时会带上自己的逻辑主语。[翻译]①他很简单相处。He'seasytogetalongwith.②这个长句对你来说很难记。Thelongsentenceisdifficultforyoutoremember.[即学即练]单句语法填空①However，inotherregionsoftheworld，e.g.EasternEurope，waterisnowmostlysafetodrink(drink)．②Thebikewastooheavyanddifficulttocontrol(control)．词义揣测题可以是对一个单词的意义的推断，也可以是对一个短语或句子的意义的推断；既可以考查生词的意义，也可以考查熟词的新意，还可以是对替代词所替代内容的推断。要做好词义揣测题，必需娴熟驾驭《考试大纲》规定的词汇，在平常的训练中还要留意积累生词和短语，驾驭构词法的基本学问，对于各种前、后缀的改变形式了然于心。还要学会依据上下文语意进行合理推想。[例题剖析]KyleSchwartz，anewteacheratDoullElem