专题07 介词（一）-中考英语语法单项选择题专项突破（解析版）

介词种类繁多，用法复杂。学习介词首先要掌握介词的基本用法及其习惯用法，其次要注意介词与其他词类的搭配。I．常用介词的基本用法常用的介词主要有：at,on,in,for,of,to,but,by,after,before,with,without,during,since,by,till,until,over,under,from,along,into,inside,outside,above,below,beside,near,behind,round,around,across,up,down,besides,except,among,through,against,nextto,becauseof,dueto,onaccountof,incase,asaresultof,inspiteof,regardlessof,infrontof,infavorof等。1.表示时间的介词表示时间的介词主要有：at,on,in,to,of,during,for,after,since,by,till,until等。1.—Whenwillthegraduationceremonybeheld?—Oh,itwillbeheld_________9a.m.nextFriday.Don’tbelate.(哈尔滨)A.on B. at C.in【答案】B【解析】句意：——什么时候举行毕业典礼什么？——哦，下星期五上午九点钟举行。别迟到。在时间点前用介词in。2.April22nd,peoplearoundtheworldcelebrateEarthDayindifferentways.(长沙)A.InB.AtC.On【答案】C【解析】句意：4月22日，世界各地的人们以不同方式庆祝地球日。指具体某一天，用介词on。3.AcouplefromAustraliawelcomedfivehealthybabiesJanuary.(临沂)A.atB.inC.forD.on【答案】B【解析】句意：一月，来自澳大利亚的一对夫妇迎来了五个健康婴儿。在某月、某年前用介词in。4.WealllikewatchingtheTVprogrammeReaders_______Saturdayevening.(扬州)A.in B.on C.at D.for【答案】B【解析】句意：在星期六晚上，我们喜欢看电视节目“朗读者”。表示“在具体某一天上午、下午或晚上”用介词on。5.—Thanks______ourgovernment,wecanplaysportsonthenewplaygroundnextweek.—That’sforsure!Andwe’llhaveasportsmeeting______onemonth.(滨州)A.for;in B.to;in C.for;after D.to;after【答案】B6.Doctorssaythatthefirst10minutes_______atrafficaccidentisimportantforsavingalife.(东营)A.inB.beforeC.afterD.during【答案】C【解析】句意：医生说交通事故发生后的前10分钟对拯救生命非常重要。After意为“在……之后”，符合句意。7.—DidyougetWechatRed(微信红包)____________theSpringFestival?—Yes.It’sactuallythemostpopularwayofsendingtraditionalholidaypresentsnow.(天水)A.with B.for C.during D.after【答案】C【解析】句意：——春节期间你收到微信红包了吗？——是的，确实如此。现在传统节日送礼最流行的方式就是发微信红包了。根据语境，此处指“春节期间”，故用during。8.Moreandmoreyoungpeoplegoskating________winter.(北京)A.atB.inC.onD.to【答案】B【解析】在年、月、季节等名词前用介词in。9.__________2000,thiscompanyhasseenmuchnewdevelopment.Ithasbecomeoneofthebiggestcompaniesinthecountry.(沈阳)A.ForB.InC.ByD.since【答案】D10.Shallwestopandwaitforothers?Theywillcatchup______afewminutes.(大连)A.at B.on C.in D.for【答案】C【解析】句意：我们停下来等等其他人好吗？一会他们就会赶上来。“in+一段时间”表示“一段时间之后”。2．表示地点、方位或方向的介词表示地点、方位或方向的介词主要有：at,in,on,from,along,to,into,inside,outside,over,under,above,below,by,beside,near,nextto,before,after,infrontof,behind,round,around,across,up,down等。1.Ican’tseeLucybecausesheisthetree.(成都)A.infrontofB.behindC.nextto【答案】B【解析】句意：我看不见露西，意为她（藏）在树的后面。由can’tsee可知用介词behind，意为“在……的后面”。2.Justwalkdownthisroadandyou’llseethemuseum_________yourright.(河北)A.on B.in C.at D.by【答案】A【解析】在某人的右侧，用介词on，即onone’sright。学&科网3.Tomypleasure,myfamilyisalways______mewhateverIdecidetodo.(安徽)A.above B.behind C.from D.through【答案】B【解析】句意：使我高兴的是，无论我决定做什么，我的家人都支持我。由句意可知，这里说的是“家人一直在身后我”。4.—Doyouknowthestudent________DavidandJack?一Yeah.It’sJim.（随州）A.among B.inC.betweenD.around【答案】C【解析】句意：——你认识大卫和杰克之间的那个学生吗？——认识，是吉姆。between…and意为“介于二者之间”。5.Noraopenedthebox.Tohersurprise,______itwasagoldwatch.(苏州)A.outside B.inside C.beside D.behind【答案】B【解析】句意：劳拉打开了盒子，令她惊奇的是，里面是一块金表。表示“在……里面”应用inside。6.Awomanstood______thewindow,watchingthechildrenplayinggamesinthegarden.(德州)A.past B.through C.across D.by【答案】D【解析】句意：一个妇女站在窗户旁边，看着孩子们正在花园里做游戏。By意为“在……旁边”，符合句意。7.—Whywouldyouliketowalk________theforest?—BecauseIwanttotry .(安顺)A.across;excitingsomething B.through;excitingsomethingC.across;somethingexciting D.through;somethingexciting【答案】D8.Abirdflewintothekitchen_______thewindow.(徐州)A.acrossB.aboveC.throughD.under【答案】C【解析】句意：一只鸟从窗户飞进了厨房。through指从物体内部穿过，符合句意。9.ShirleyisstillwaitingforherflighttoNewYorkCity_______theairport.(上海)A)atB)underC)onD)with【答案】A【解析】句意：Shirley仍然在飞机场等着飞往纽约的航班。attheairport意为“在机场”。10.ManypeoplelikewatchingChinesePoetryConference(诗词大会)_________TV.(云南)A.in B.of C.at D.on【答案】D【解析】句意：许多人喜欢在电视上观看中国诗词大会。onTV意为“在电视上”。11.—Whyareyouunhappythesedays,Julie?—Ican’tseetheblackboardbecausetwotallboyssits__________me.（丹东）A.behind B.nextto C.infrontof D.between【答案】C【解析】句意：——朱莉，你这些天为什么不开心？——因为两个高个男孩儿坐在我前面，我看不到黑板。infrontof意为“在……前面”。12.Itisreportedthatheadsofthestate29foreigncountriesattendedtheBeltandRoadForumforInternational（一带一路国际合作高峰论坛）May14and15,2017.(营口)A.in；atB.at；forC.from；onD.of；in【答案】C【解析】句意：据报道，来自29个国家的国家领导人在2017年5月14、15日出席了一带一路国际合作高峰论坛。from表示“来自……”。3．表示相关、对象、对比、程度或范围的介词表示相关、对象、对比、程度或范围的介词主要有：about,between,but,by,on,for,to,besides,except,among等。1.Thepopulationofourcityhasincreased_____40%comparedwith_____of3yearsago.（包头）A.by;thatB.to;thoseC.with;onesD.of;it【答案】A【解析】句意：我们城市的人口比三年前增加了40%。表示净增加或减少的数量用介词by；that替代前面的thepopulation。2.Iboughtsomeflowers______mymom______mybestwishesonherbirthday.(攀枝花)A.for;with B.to;for C.of;to D.from;with【答案】A【解析】句意：在母亲生日那天，我为母亲买了些花，代表最美好的祝福。buysth.forsb.意为“为某人买某物”；表示“带有”用with。3.ThisisaprivateletterTom.Nobodyelsecanopenit.（莱芜）A.for B.with C.from D.about【答案】A【解析】句意：这是一封写给汤姆的私人信件。其他任何人都不可以打开它。for意为“为；给”,符合句意。4.There’sonetakenbytheRiverSeine________thesephotos.Canyoufinditout?(无锡)A.except B.including C.between D.among【答案】D【解析】句意：在这些照片中，有一张是在塞纳河边拍的，你能找出来吗？Among表示范围，意为“在（三者或三者以上）之中”。5.—Doyouhaveanythingelsetosayforbeinglateagain?—No,nothingsorry.(宜昌)A.above B.behind C.from D.but【答案】D6.—Whatdoyouusuallyeat__________breakfast?—Iusuallyeatnoodles.（济南）A.forB.inC.fromD.on【答案】A【解析】句意：——你早餐通常吃什么？——我通常吃面条。eat…forbreakfast/lunch/dinner意为“为早餐／午餐／晚餐吃……”。4．表示方式、手段或工具的介词表示方式、手段或工具的介词主要有：as,by,in,on,with,through等。1.Mr.Zhaoisgoingtotheairport_______taxi.(海南)A.in B.on C.by【答案】C【解析】句意：赵先生将乘坐出租车去机场。表示“乘坐某种交通工具”用就by。2.HowdoesJane_________withhermother?________makingphonecallsorchattingonline?(黔西南)A.keepintouch;With B.keepingtouch;ByC.keepintouch;By D.keepingtouch;With【答案】C【解析】句意：Jane怎么跟她母亲保持联系？是通过电话还是网上聊天？keepintouchwith意为“与……保持联系”；by表示“以……方式”。3.—Readingisagoodwaytospendthetimeontheplane.—That’strue.Inevergotravelling________abook.（孝感）A.without B.from C.on D.about【答案】A5．表示原因、条件、目的、结果或让步的介词表示原因、条件、目的、结果或让步的介词主要有：for,of,from,through,by,with,inon,at,becauseof,due1._______thescientists’hardwork,Tiangong=2\*ROMANIIwaslaunched(发射)successfully.(东营)A.AsforB.Thanksto C.Insteadof D.Accordingto【答案】B【解析】句意：多亏科学家辛勤的工作，天宫二号成功发射。thanksto意为“多亏，由于”，符合句意。2.Thankstoourteachers.____________theirhelp,wecouldn’tmakesuchgreatprogress.(新疆建设兵团)A.Without B.With C.About D.For【答案】A【解析】句意：多亏了我们的老师。没有他们的帮助，我们难以取得如此大的进步。Without意为“没有……”，符合句意。3.thehelpoftheclassmates,hegottothetopofHongjunMountainsuccessfully.(遵义)A.Under B.in C.With【答案】C【解析】句意：在同班同学的帮助下，他成功地到达了红军山的顶部。withthehelpof意为“在……的帮助下”。考点六表示属性、特征、观点或态度的介词1.一I'mthirsty.I’dlikeaglassoforangejuice.Whataboutyou,Dad?一Ipreferacupofcoffee__________nothinginit.(连云港)A.with B.without C.for D.to【答案】A【解析】句意：——我很渴。我想喝杯橘子汁。你呢，爸爸？——我更想喝一杯什么也不加的咖啡。with表示“带有”。2.Everyoneisborntheabilitylearn.(烟台)A.into,to B.with,to C.on,in D.with,by【答案】B【解析】句意：每个人出生就具有学习能力。with意思是“带有，具有”；第二个空用to，与learn一起构成动词不定式，作定语，修饰theability。巩固练习：1.Over10,000runnersjoinedahalfandaminimarathonsinXianlin,Nanjing________May7,2017.(南京）A.in B.on C.at D.by2.It'sgoodforustodrinkmilk________themorning.(重庆)A.at B.on C.in D.from3.—Whatdoyouoftendo________classestorelaxyourselves?—Weoftendosomerunningorlistentomusic.（鄂州）A.in B.through C.between D.among4.—Whattimedoyouusuallygetuponweekends?—Iusuallygetup______7:00o’clockinthemorning.(怀化)A.at B.in C.on5.China’sfirsthome-builtaircraftcarrier(航空母舰)hitthewaterinDalianthemorningofApril26,2017.(镇江)A.in B.on C.at D.to6.ShanghaiDisneylandopened_______June16,2016.Wewanttovisitit.（西宁）A.in B.onC.at D.of7.LastTuesday,LiMingandIdidasurveyaboutourclassmates'birthdays.Mostofthemwereborn__________August,2002.(内江)A.inB.onC.atD.of8.___________April1,ChinaannouncedthatitwouldbuildtheXionganNewAreainHebeiProvince.(盐城)A.OnB.InC.AtD.To9.TheDragonBoatFestivalis_______thefifthdayofMayonthelunarcalendar(阴历).(济宁)A.inB.onC.atD.by10.Myyoungerbrotherwasborn________thenightofJune21st.Heisverycute.(齐齐哈尔)A.in B.on C.at11.—WhereisMaryflying?(遂宁)—SheisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis_________themorningofJuly.A.at B.on Cin D.of12.___________May5th,2017,theC919tookoffsuccessfullyforthefirsttimeatShanghaiPudongInternationalAirport.(重庆)A.On B.In C.At D.Of13.ChinasuccessfullyhostedtheBeltandRoadForum______May,2017.(福建)A.on B.inC.by 14.“DoyouknowwhentheBeltandRoadInternationalDayis?”“Yes,itis_______December16th.”(贵阳) A.at B.on C.in15.MyGrandmagoestobed_________nineeveryday.(重庆渝北)A.inB.onC.atD.for16.Teachers'Dayis_______September10,andtheSpringFestivalisusually_______February.(通辽)A.in;onB.in;inC.on;inD.in;at17.Fatherbroughthislittleboytoaconcert.Buthewastooyoungtosit_____thewholeconcert.（河南）A.forB.withC.duringD.through18.Musichasbecomeabridge_____theEastandtheWest.(淮安)A.inB.atC.amongD.between19.—Ihaven’tfinishedthebookreportofJourneytothewest.It’ssodifficult.—Youshouldhurryup.Thereportisdue_________threedays.(黄冈)A.in B.for C.on D.at20.Mysonlivesalittlefarfromhisoffice,sohealwaysgoesgoworkbus.（资阳）A.onB.byC.withD.in21.—WhichisyournewEnglishteacher?—Theyounglady_________redoverthere.(青岛)A.with B.in C.on D.for22.—WhenistheArtFestivalparty?(贺州)—It’s______seveno’clock______theeveningofNovember18th.A.at;in B.at;on C.on;in D.in;on23.—DoyouknowVictoryDayinChina?—Yes,it’s_____September3rd_____eachyear.IttellstheworldthatChinesepeoplelovepeaceandhatewars.Chinesepeoplewillneverforgetthehistory.(阜康)A.in;onB.on;/C.at;/D.on;in24.—Taiwanisanimportantpartof