高考英语语法填空及完型填空讲义

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载新思维教育学科教师讲义讲义编号:副校长/组长签字：签字日期：学员编号：年级：高三课时数：3课时学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：陶毅森课题高考英语题型分析及示例课型□预习课□同步课□复习课□习题课课次授课日期及时段2014年4月24日19：00—21：00a.m./p.m.（A/B/C/D/E/F）教学目的（1）语法填空解题技巧及题目练习；（2）完形填空解题步骤、技巧及题目练习；（4）高考高频词汇记忆；（5）每日文段背诵。重难点教学内容【语法填空技巧】根据短文前后意思，分析空白处所填词语的词性，如冠词（a/an/the）、介词（in/on/of/after/before,etc）、从句引导词（who/what/where/when/how,etc）及特殊语境词汇，即根据意思填写。把握短文整体时态问题，遇到动词时运用正确时态，无非就是现在进行时（V+ing）、一般现在时（第三人称单数时加s或es）、一般过去时（加ed或特殊词汇过去式）、现在完成时（have/has+done）、一般将来时等，还有就是会运用动词的名词形式。遇到名词时，大部分时候是考察单复数（注意各种名词的单复数问题）。遇到形容词时，注意是否为比较级或最高级的考察，或是副词形式的考察。InAfrica,whentheantelopewakesupeverymorning,thefirstthing___1____comesintohismindis,“Imustbeabletorun___2____(fast)thanthefastestlion,___3____Iwillbekilledbyalion.”Andatjustthesametime,thelion___4____(wake)outofhisdream,andthefirstthing___5____(flash)intohismindis:“Imustbeabletocatchupwiththeslowestantelope,otherwiseIwillstarveto___6____(dead).”Soalmostatthesamemoment___7____theantelopeandthelionjumptotheirfeet,andstart___8____(run)towardtherisingsun.Suchislife___9____youareanantelopeoralion,yououghttodashforwardwithout___10____(hesitate)whenthesunrises1.that2.faster3.or(else)/otherwise4.wakes5.flashing6.death7.both8.running9.whether10.hesitation【完形填空题做题技巧】通览全文了解大意首先要通过浏览全文，跳过空格不看选项地快速阅读，同时注意文中的暗示，努力找出关键词，可以迅速理解文章大意。其次，在通读全文时，应着重注意首尾句对文章的主题的提示，首句有开篇启示的作用，是观察全文的窗口，往往也是演绎型文章的主题句。综合考虑，逐项填空立足语段、语境，放眼语篇——掌握文章大意后，就可以按顺序答题了，但并不意味着要依次一下子填好所有空档，可先借助自己的语感，利用上下文提供的情境（通过上下文语境/暗示已经成为近几年高考完形填空设题的一大特色），推测出可能的答案，然后，再结合备选项进行验证。对那些较难的空档，可试着将备选项一一代入空档，然后从词汇意义及用法、习惯搭配、常识、逻辑推理以及上下文等角度，进行认真分析、比较，力求找出合情合理的答案。遇到疑难空档时应该冷静、谨慎，切忌草率从事。否则，一旦选错一档，还可能影响其他，形成连锁反应。3.复读检验，消除疏漏完成所有空档后，还要再复读一遍短文，检查前后是否贯通、看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。若有不合语感、题意或语言规范之处，应审慎调整答案，力求做到万无一失。应依据文章的中心意思来重新考虑，从意义和语法两个角度仔细权衡，加以改正，以便弥补疏漏。从语法上，检查一下所完成的句子是否主谓一致，时态和语态是否正确，名词、代词的性、格是否一致，动词、形容词、名词与介词的搭配是否准确无误。对于个别难度较大的空项，可以凭着自己的语感，坚持第一感觉选择的答案。Lastyear,Ikepthavingthisnagging(不停地困扰的)feelingthatIwaslivingjustforthe“me,me,me”.Withthisin_1_,Idecidedtovolunteertobreakoutofthismecentricity.Afterreachingouttoanumberof_2_,Igotacallbackfroma_3_studioinNewJersey.Onmyfristday_4_,aremarkableyounggirl_5_myeye.Thatgirlcoulddance!Asidefromher_6_skill,whichwasadelighttowitness,she_7_lituptheroom.ShewasAfricanAmerican,tenyearsoldandsheworethemoreendearing(讨人喜欢的)bigrimmedglasses.Attheendofclass,Ihadtoaskher,”how_8_haveyoubeentakinglessons?Shereplied_9_,”Iwish…Ihavenevertakenaclass.”Iwas_10_.Herteachertoldmeshe_11_inagrouphome,andthenandthereIknew_12_Ifeldcalledtodo.IcalledFamilyServices,_13_herindancelessonsand_14_tobecomehermentortogiveherhelpandadvicerelatedtoherlessons,New,forthepastyearandahalf,Ihaveseenherevery_15_,takinghertoeat,toread,toseemovies,andtovisitstreetfairs.Atonetimeshetoldme“_16_everwantedme;therewasalwayssomethingunpleasanthappeningtome,butIjustcouldtonothingtopreventitsincemy_17_.”Icouldonlyreply,“honey,youarelovable,worthyandunique.Youare_18_withme,andIamnotgoinganywhere!”weboth_19_.Ireallylovethislovelykid.Ihada_20_childhood,andIwanttopayitforward.1.A.headB.HeartC.BrainsD.Mind2.A.schoolsB.factoriesC.organizationsD.companies3.A.singingB.danceC.filmD.television4.A.helpingB.teachingC.volunteeringD.learning5.A.caughtB.tookC.HeldD.got6.A.simpleB.naturalC.practicalD.remarkable7.A.onlyB.QuicklyC.brightlyD.Simply8.A.longB.muchC.farD.well9.A.roughlyB.shylyC.excitedlyD.calmly10.A.disappointedB.worriedC.angryD.speechless11.A.livedB.workedC.studiedD.stayed12.A.howB.whenC.whatD.where13.A.taughtB.watchedC.helpedD.started14.A.trainedB.promisedC.recommendedD.completed15.A.weekB.yearC.monthD.day16.A.everyoneB.nooneC.someoneD.anyone17.A.childhoodB.kindgartenC.birthD.adolescence18.A.satisfiedB.concernedC.caughtD.stuck19.A.criedB.greetedC.laughedD.sighed20.A.longB.greatC.dreamD.terrible【词汇记忆】1.accelerate/æk'seləreıt/vt.加速,促进2.absolute/'æbsəlu:t/a/ə/.绝对的,无条件的；完全的3.liberal/'lıbərəl/a/ə/.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的4.transport/træns'pɔ:t/vt.运输,运送n/en/.运输,运输工具5.mild/maıld/a/ə/.温暖的,暖和的；温柔的,味淡的6.tender/'tendə/a/ə/.温柔的；脆弱的7.nuisance/'nju:sns/n/en/.损害,妨害,讨厌（的人或事物）8.tide/taıd/n/en/.潮汐；潮流9.export/'ekspɔ:t/n/en/.出口（物）v/vi:/.出口,输出10.import/ım'pɔ:t/n/en/.进口（物）v/vi:/.进口,输入11.impose/ım'pəʊz/vt.把...加强(on/ɒn/)；采用,利用12.religion/rı'lıdʒən/n/en/.宗教,宗教信仰13.burst/b\:st/vi./n.突然发生,爆裂14.dispose/dıs'pəʊz/vi.除掉；处置；解决；处理(of/ɒv/)15.blast/blɑ:st/n/en/.爆炸；气流vi.炸,炸掉16.consume/kən'sju:m/v/vi:/.消耗,耗尽17.split/splıt/v/vi:/.劈开；割裂；分裂a/ə/.裂开的18.spit/spıt/v/vi:/.吐（唾液等）；唾弃19.spill/spıl/v/vi:/.溢出,溅出,倒出20.extinct/ıks'tıŋkt/a/ə/.绝灭的,熄灭的slide/slaıd/v/vi:/.滑动,滑落n/en/.滑动；滑面；幻灯片21.breed/bri:d/n/en/.种,品种v/vi:/.繁殖,产仔22.budget/'bʌdʒıt/n/en/.预算v/vi:/.编预算,作安排23.candidate/'kændıdıt/n/en/.候选人24.campus/'kæmpəs/n/en/.校园25.transform/træns'fɔ:m/v/vi:/.转变,变革；变换26.transmit/trænz'mıt/v/vi:/.传播,播送；传递27.transplant/træns'plɑ:nt/v/vi:/.移植28.shift/ʃıft/v/vi:/.转移；转动；转变29.vary/'veərı/v/vi:/.变化,改变；使多样化30.vanish/'vænıʃ/vi.消灭,不见31.swallow/'swɒləʊ/v/vi:/.吞下,咽下n/en/.燕子32.suspicion/səs'pıʃən/n/en/.怀疑,疑心33.suspicious/səs'pıʃəs/a/ə/.怀疑的,可疑的34.boundary/'baʊndərı/n/en/.分界线,边界35.catalog/'kætəlɒɡ/n/en/.目录（册）v/vi:/.编目36.vague/veıɡ/a/ə/.模糊的,不明确的37.vain/veın/n/en/.徒劳,白费38.extraordinary/ıks'trɔ:dnrı/a/ə/.不平常的,特别的,非凡的39.agent/'eıdʒənt/n/en/.代理人,代理商；动因,原因40.alcohol/'ælkəhɒl/n/en/.含酒精的饮料,酒精【文段背诵】1.Itgoeswithoutsayingthat+句子=Itisobviousthat句子=Obviously,S.+V.不用说，很明显Itgoeswithoutsayingthateveryoneshouldkeepabalanceddietforthebenefitofhealth.不用说，为了健康，每个人都应该保持平衡的膳食。2.Iamgreatlyconvinced(that)句子….我深信…Iamgreatlyconvincedthatwecanimproveourwritingifweinsistonrecitingsomeusefulsentences.我深信，只要我们坚持每天背一些有用的句子,我们就可以提高我们的英语写作。3.Itcanbeeasilyproved(that)句子…很容易证明….Itcanbeeasilyprovedthatnothingismorepreciousthantime.4.Thereisnodoubt(that)句子…毫无疑问地¸毫无疑问，近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。Thereisnodoubtthatnearsightednessisaseriousproblemamongtheyouthofourcountry.5.Accordingtomypersonalexperience,…根据我个人经验¸…Accordingtomypersonalexperience,smilehasdonemealotofgood.Accordingtomypersonalexperience,friendsbringmenotonlytrust,understanding,butalsowarmth.6.Take…forexample,…拿…做例子Takemysisterforexample,shestayedinGermanandnowshecanspeakGermanyfluently.7.Asapopularsayinggoes,“….”俗话说得好….Asapopularsayinggoes,“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”俗话说，事实胜于雄辩。8.AsfarasIamconcerned,…..就我而言，在我看来AsfarasIamconcerned,kids’lyingisanaturalandnormalbehavior.在我看来，孩子撒谎是一种自然，正常的行为。9.Asforme/Personallyspeaking,…在我看来就我来说，我喜欢住在乡下。因为我可以呼吸到新鲜的空气，这对我们的健康很有好处。Asforme,Iprefertoliveinthecountryside,becauseIcanbreathefreshair,whichisbeneficialtoourhealth/fromwhichwebenefitalot/whichbenefitsusalot.10.Asforsth/doingsth,至于…./Whenitcomestosth……当谈到、涉及到…..Asforadvertisements,manyconsumers/costumersaren’tsatisfiedwiththemandthinkmostofthemareuntruthful.至于广告，许多消费者对它们表示不满，认为它们大多数是不真实的。当谈到青少年出国留学的问题，许多家长认为孩子们可以有更多的机会接受到良好的教育。Whenitcomestotheproblemofteenagersstudyingabroad,manyparentsthinktheirchildrencanhavemorechancestoreceivebettereducation.【课后强化巩固练习】语法填空题目练习Youmaywonderwhywehaveaholidayinsummer___1___winter,butnotinspring___2___autumn.Therearesomereasons__3__it.Likemostpeople,yourintelligence（智力）changesfromseasontoseason.Youareproperlyalotsharperinthespring____4_youare___5___anyothertimeoftheyear.EllsworthHuntington,who’swellknowntousallconcludedfromothermen’sworkandhisownamongpeopleindifferentclimatesthatclimateandtemperaturehaveacleareffect__6___ourintelligence.Hefoundthatcoolweatherisfarbetterforcreativethinkingthanwarmweather.This___7___meanthatallpeoplearenot__8___quickatlearninginthesummerasthey___9___duringtherestoftheyear.Ittellsus,__10__,thatintelligenceoflargenumbersofpeopleseemstobelowestinthesummer.完形填空题目练习Itisnotsomuchwhathappenstoeachofusthatdeterminesourqualityoflife,butratherourreactiontowhathappens.Thoughwemayhaveno36inunexpectedeventsthathappentous,wemostcertainlyhavechoicein37weinterpretwhathappens,andinwhatwechoosetodoaboutit.Thesechoicesmakeallthe38inhowweexperienceourworldandverymuchdetermineour39Neitherdoeswhatweown40amajorroleinqualityoflife.Onepersonwithallthemoneyandpossessionsintheworldmayhavea41life,whileanotherinthelowestincomeclassesmay42lovetheirlife.Itiswhatwedowithwhatweownthat43ourlevelofsatisfactionandjoyinlife.It'snotwhatyou44orwhathappenstoyouinlifethat45,butratherwhatyoudowithit。Every46somethingishappeninginourlives.Andeverymomentwe47orajudgmentaboutwhathappens.Bychoosingtobecomemore48ofhowwereacttowhathappens,wecan49towardswhatwereallywantinourlives.50followinghabitual,reactivepatternswhich51moreofthesame,wecanrecognizeand52ouroldhabitstomovepowerfullyinthe53ofcreatingthelifewereallywant.Yettodothis,wemustfirstfindthe54tolookatsomeofthedisempowering,oftenunconscious55whichgetinthewayanddon'tservetoincreaseourqualityoflife.Butbycontinuallyremindingourselvesofourintentiontobecreators,wecantransformourlife。36．A．need B．courage C．choice D．necessity37．A．what B．whether C．that D．how38．A．difference B．troubles C．decisions D．measures39．A．type B．quality C．amount D．level40．A．take B．play C．make D．get41．A．miserable B．accessible C．acceptable D．adaptable42．A．practically B．privately C．absolutely D．adequately43．A．creates B．investigates C．affects D．