四川省绵阳市涪城区绵阳中学2024-2025学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题 含解析

第1页/共1页绵阳中学高2022级高三上期第一学月月考英语试题第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Repairingacomputer.B.Makingapayment.C.Requestingarefund.2.Whydoesthemancometothewoman?A.Toinvitehertodinner.B.Togiveherapresent.C.Toseeksomeadvice.3.Whatisthemangoingtodofirst?A.Makereservations.B.Checkwithhiswife.C.Workoutaplan.4.Whatisthewoman'sopiniononthenewbuilding?A.Unattractive.B.Pretty.C.Unique.5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesmanandcustomer.B.Householderandrenter.C.Colleagues.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?A.Theaccommodations.B.Thedestination.C.Theactivities.7.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardsthewoman'swords?A.Supportive.B.Disapproving.C.Unclear.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whenwillthepresentationtakeplace?A.Onthe15th.B.Onthe16th.C.Onthe22nd.9.HowcanwedescribeMr.Sadik?A.Bossy.B.Forgetful.C.Changeable.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10Whatwasthespeakers'originalplanfortheday?A.Attendingameeting.B.VisitingEthan'shouse.C.Watchingamovie.11.Whydidn'tEthananswerhiscellphone?A.Hehadanaccidentontheroad.B.Hedidnothaveitwithhim.C.Heleftitinthecar.12.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Completeherreport.BWorkovertimeattheoffice.C.EatatanewSpanishrestaurant.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Howdidthemanknowaboutthewoman?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromhisparents.C.Fromhisfriend.14.WhydoesthewomanrecommendJackShin?A.Shehasatimeconflict.B.ShelivesfarfromHalifax.C.Shewantstohelpthemansavemoney.15.WhatcanwelearnaboutJackShin?A.Hischargesarelow.B.Hisscheduleisverytight.C.Hisstyleissimilartothewoman's.16.HowwillJackShinpresentthephotostothemanatfirst?A.Byuploadingthemonline.B.Byprintingthemout.C.Byexhibitingthem.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoprobablyarethelisteners?A.Companyemployees.B.Highschoolstudents.C.Universityseniors.18.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutinterviewing?A.Itrequiresalittletalent.B.Itneedssomepractice.C.Itcanimproveskills.19.Whatisthespeaker'sfirstsuggestion?A.Beingconfident.B.Contactingpotentialemployers.C.Writingasolidrésumé.20.Whatdoesthespeakeraskthelistenerstotake?A.Alistofpossiblequestions.B.Anotebookwithinterviewskills.C.Anoverviewoftheirbackground.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）ABestBooksforCollegeAdmissionsCollegeadmissionsareusuallyacomplexprocess,withweightedGPAs,APscores,volunteerrequirements,andextracurricularactivities.These4booksarethebestguideswecanoffertohelpyouthinkthroughthiscomplexandexpensiveprocesswithyourteens.WhoGetsInandWhybyJeffSelingoBestsellingauthorandeducationjournalist,JeffSelingo,spentmonthsinthecollegeadmissionsdepartmentsofthreedifferentuniversities.Hegainedatrueinsider’sviewofwhatreallygoesonwhendecisionsaremadeaboutwhichstudentstoadmit,andwhichonestodeny.Thisinsightfulbookoffersfamiliesguidanceonhelpingtheirteensdiscoverthefitcollegeoneverylevel,includingfinancialmust-reads!CollegeEssayEssentialsbyEthanSawyerThecollegeapplicationessayisthemostdifficultpartoftheapplicationprocessformanystudents.EthanSawyerisheretohelpwithhiscomprehensiveguidetowritingthecollegeessay.Filledwithtips,exercisesandessaysfromstudentswhogainedadmissiontotheirtopchoiceschools,thisbookwilltakethestingoutoftheessay-writingprocessforyourteenandyou!TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionbyRickClarkandBrennanBarnardRickClarkhaswrittenthisexcellentguide,offeringfamiliesachancetolearnhowadmissionsofficersthinkaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess.Writtenwithco-authorBrennanBarnard,DirectorofCollegeCounselingatTheDerryfieldSchool,thisistheadmissionsguidebookforfamiliesthatwilltakethemthroughtheentirecollegeadmissionsprocess.TheCollegeConversationbyEricJ.FurdaandJacquesSteinbergEricJ.Furda,DeanofAdmissionsattheUniversityofPennsylvania,andbestsellingauthorJacquesSteinberg,provideguidanceforparentsaboutthecrucialconversationstheyneedtohavewiththeircollege-boundteens.1.WhatdoWhoGetsInandWhyandTheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionhaveincommon?A.Theyarebothbestsellersoftheyear. B.Theyareboththeresultoftwoauthors.C.Theycenterontheadmissionsmatter. D.Theyshareadmissionsofficers’opinions.2.Whichbookmightyouturntowhenyouhavedifficultywiththeapplicationletter?A.WhoGetsInandWhy. B.CollegeEssayEssentials.C.TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmission. D.TheCollegeConversation.3.Whoisthetextmostlyintendedfor?A.Highschoolstudents. B.Educationalexperts.C.Collegeadmissionsofficers. D.Parentsofpre-collegestudents.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是四本关于大学录取的书籍的相关信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据WhoGetsInandWhybyJeffSelingo部分“Hegainedatrueinsider’sviewofwhatreallygoesonwhendecisionsaremadeaboutwhichstudentstoadmit,andwhichonestodeny.(在决定录取哪些学生、拒绝哪些学生时，他获得了一个真正的局内人的视角。)”和TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmissionbyRickClarkandBrennanBarnard部分的“RickClarkhaswrittenthisexcellentguide,offeringfamiliesachancetolearnhowadmissionsofficersthinkaboutthecollegeapplicationprocess.(RickClark撰写了这本优秀的指南，为家庭提供了一个了解招生官员如何看待大学申请过程的机会。)”可知，WhoGetsInandWhy和TheTruthaboutCollegeAdmission这两本书的共同之处在于它们集中在招生问题上。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CollegeEssayEssentialsbyEthanSawyer部分“Thecollegeapplicationessayisthemostdifficultpartoftheapplicationprocessformanystudents.EthanSawyerisheretohelpwithhiscomprehensiveguidetowritingthecollegeessay.(对许多学生来说，大学申请论文是申请过程中最困难的部分。EthanSawyer在这里为你提供写大学论文的综合指南。)”可知，当你写申请信有困难时，你会求助于CollegeEssayEssentials这本书。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中的“These4booksarethebestguideswecanoffertohelpyouthinkthroughthiscomplexandexpensiveprocesswithyourteens.(这4本书是我们能提供的最佳指南，可以帮助你和你的孩子一起思考这个复杂且昂贵的过程。)”可知，本文介绍的是四本书是帮助家长和孩子了解这一复杂的招生录取过程的，由此可知，本文是写给即将进入大学的孩子的家长的。故选D项。BAsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitiesforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification(沙漠化).“Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.”Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilizersratherthanchemicals.In2012,Toumiconsolidated(巩固)herdreamoffightingthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.“Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.”BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.4.HowdidToumi’sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?A.Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.B.Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C.Theyarousedherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.D.Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.5.WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia’sfarmland?A.Lowrainfall. B.Soilpollution. C.Coldweather. D.Forestdamage.6.WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A.Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.B.Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.C.Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D.Topromotetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.SavingWaterinTunisia B.HoldingbacktheSaharaC.PlantingTreesofNativeSpecies D.FightingPovertyinNorthAfrica【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公图米在假期陪伴父亲回突尼斯东部的出生地后，激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了AcaciasforAll项目，种植金合欢树，保护当地农田免遭撒哈拉沙漠吞噬，实践其可持续农业的理念。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.(从9岁起，她就开始在假期陪伴她来自于突尼斯的父亲去突尼斯东部的出生地，这激发了她帮助他人的热情。)”可知，图米去突尼斯度假的经历唤醒了她帮助他人的热情。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia’sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.(平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业土地受到沙漠化的威胁。)”可知，降雨量少是突尼斯农田沙漠化的主要原因。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句“ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.(她搬到突尼斯，并建立了一个名为AcaciasforAll的项目，将她的可持续农业理念付诸行动。)”，最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金金合欢。)”可知，她创立AcaciasforAll项目的目的是保护当地的农田。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段中“BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia’sfarmland.(截至2016年9月，在20个试点农场种植了13万多棵金合欢树，农民记录其成活率达到60%。图米估计，为了保护突尼斯的农田，大约需要300万棵金合槐。)”可知，文章讲述的是主人公图米在9岁时，在一次陪伴爸爸回突尼斯家乡时激发了她要帮助当地人的热情，由此创立了AcaciasforAll项目，种植金合欢树，改善保护当地农田，坚持与沙漠化作斗争，实践其可持续农业的理念。B选项“HoldingbacktheSahara(阻挡撒哈拉沙漠)”符合文章标题。故选B项。CWithabrainthesizeofapinheadinsectspossessagreatsenseofdirection.Theymanagetolocatethemselvesandmovethroughsmallopenings.Howdotheydothiswiththeirlimitedbrainpower?Understandingtheinnerworkingsofaninsect’sbraincanhelpusinoursearchtowardsenergy-efficientcomputing,physicistElisabettaChiccaoftheUniversityofGroningenshowswithhermostrecentresult:arobotthatactslikeaninsect.It’snoteasytomakeuseoftheimagesthatcomeinthroughyoureyeswhendecidingwhatyourfeetorwingsshoulddo.Akeyaspecthereistheapparentmotionofthingsasyoumove.“Likewhenyou'reonatrain,”Chiccaexplains.“Thetreesnearbyappeartomovefasterthanthehousesfaraway.”Insectsusethisinformationtoinferhowfarawaythingsare.Thisworkswellwhenmovinginastraightline,butrealityisnotthatsimple.Tokeepthingsmanageablefortheirlimitedbrainpower,theyadjusttheirbehaviour:theyflyinastraightline,makeaturn,thenmakeanotherstraightline.Insearchoftheneuralmechanism(神经机制)thatdrivesinsectbehaviour,PhDstudentThorbenSchoepedevelopedamodelofitsneuronalactivityandasmallrobotthatusesthismodeltofindtheposition.Hismodelisbasedononemainprinciple:alwaysheadtowardstheareawiththeleastapparentmotion.Hehadhisrobotdrivethroughalongpassageconsistingoftwowallsandtherobotcentredinthemiddleofthepassage,asinsectstendtodo.Inothervirtualenvironments,suchasaspacewithsmallopenings,hismodelalsoshowedsimilarbehaviourtoinsects.Thefactthatarobotcanfinditspositioninarealisticenvironmentisnotnew.Rather,themodelgivesinsightintohowinsectsdothejob,andhowtheymanagetodothingssoefficiently.Inasimilarway,youcouldmakecomputersmoreefficient.Inthefuture,Chiccahopestoapplythisspecificinsectbehaviourtoachipaswell.“Insteadofusingageneral-purposecomputerwithallitspossibilities,youcanbuildspecifichardware;atinychipthatdoesthejob,keepingthingsmuchsmallerandenergy-efficient.”Shecomments.8.Whyis“atrain”mentionedinParagraph2?A.Toillustratetheprincipleoftrainmotion. B.Tohighlightwhyhumanvisionislimited.C.Toexplainhowinsectsperceivedistances. D.Tocomparethemovementoftreesandhouses.9.WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkaboutconcerningSchoepe’smodel?A.Itsnoveldesign. B.Itstheoreticalbasis.C.Itspossibleapplication. D.Itsworkingmechanism.10.Whatdotheresearchersthinkofthefinding?A.Amusing. B.Discouraging. C.Promising. D.Contradictory.11.WhatwillChicca’sfollow-upstudyfocuson?A.Inventinginsect-likechips. B.Studyinggeneral-purposerobots.C.Creatinginsect-inspiredcomputers. D.Developingenergy-efficienthardware.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了物理学家ElisabettaChicca的最新研究成果：一个模仿昆虫行为的机器人，该机器人能够帮助人们理解昆虫大脑的运作机制，并探讨了这种机制在提高计算机能效方面的潜在应用。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Akeyaspecthereistheapparentmotionofthingsasyoumove.“Likewhenyou'reonatrain,”Chiccaexplains.“Thetreesnearbyappeartomovefasterthanthehousesfaraway.”Insectsusethisinformationtoinferhowfarawaythingsare.(这里的一个关键方面是当你移动时物体的明显运动。“就像你在火车上一样，”Chicca解释道。“附近的树似乎比远处的房子移动得快。”昆虫利用这些信息来推断物体的距离)”可推知，本段提到火车是为了解释昆虫如何感知距离的。故选C项。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Insearchoftheneuralmechanism(神经机制)thatdrivesinsectbehaviour,PhDstudentThorbenSchoepedevelopedamodelofitsneuronalactivityandasmallrobotthatusesthismodeltofindtheposition.Hismodelisbasedononemainprinciple:alwaysheadtowardstheareawiththeleastapparentmotion.Hehadhisrobotdrivethroughalongpassageconsistingoftwowallsandtherobotcentredinthemiddleofthepassage,asinsectstendtodo.Inothervirtualenvironments,suchasaspacewithsmallopenings,hismodelalsoshowedsimilarbehaviourtoinsects.(为了寻找驱动昆虫行为的神经机制，博士生ThorbenSchoepe开发了一个昆虫神经活动模型，并开发了一个小型机器人，利用这个模型来找到昆虫的位置。他的模型基于一个主要原则：总是朝着运动最不明显的区域前进。他让他的机器人穿过一条由两堵墙组成的长通道，机器人就像昆虫一样，站在通道的中间。在其他虚拟环境中，比如有小开口的空间，他的模型也表现出与昆虫相似的行为)”可知，关于Schoepe的模型，本段主要讨论了它的工作机制。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Inasimilarway,youcouldmakecomputersmoreefficient.(同样地，你可以使计算机更有效率)”以及最后一段“Inthefuture,Chiccahopestoapplythisspecificinsectbehaviourtoachipaswell.“Insteadofusingageneral-purposecomputerwithallitspossibilities,youcanbuildspecifichardware;atinychipthatdoesthejob,keepingthingsmuchsmallerandenergy-efficient.”Shecomments.(将来，Chicca希望将昆虫的这种特殊行为也应用到芯片上。“你可以构建特定的硬件，而不是使用具有所有功能的通用计算机；一个微小的芯片就能完成这项工作，让物体变得更小、更节能。”她评论道)”可推知，研究人员认为这一发现可以让物体变得更小、更节能，所以是有前途的。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inthefuture,Chiccahopestoapplythisspecificinsectbehaviourtoachipaswell.“Insteadofusingageneral-purposecomputerwithallitspossibilities,youcanbuildspecifichardware;atinychipthatdoesthejob,keepingthingsmuchsmallerandenergy-efficient.”Shecomments.(将来，Chicca希望将昆虫的这种特殊行为也应用到芯片上。“你可以构建特定的硬件，而不是使用具有所有功能的通用计算机；一个微小的芯片就能完成这项工作，让物体变得更小、更节能。”她评论道)”可推知，Chicca的后续研究重点是将昆虫的这种特殊行为应用到芯片上。故选A项。DWhilestressisanunavoidableaspectoflife,studiescontinuetoshowtoomuchstresscanhaveabadimpactonbothhealthandwell-being.Morespecifically,excessstresscanleadtohighbloodpressure,increasingheartdiseaserisk.Withallthatinmind,researchersfromtheUniversitiesofMaynoothandLimericksetouttobetterunderstandhowreactionstostressfuleventsimpactourfuturehealth,aswellasifthereareanyfactorsthatcanplaykeystress-buffering(缓解压力)roles.Theresearchteamsuggeststhatpreviousresearchhasshownthatgratitudeandaffect-balance(balanceofpositivetonegativeemotions)playkeystress-bufferingroles.However,upuntilnowtherehavebeenfewstudiesexaminingtheimpactofthesevariablesoncardiovascular(心血管)recoveryfromseverepsychologicalstress.Researcherschosetofocusonthisconsideration,aswellaswhetherornotaffect-balancemoderatestherelationshipbetweengratitudeandcardiovascularreactionstoseverepsychologicalstress.TheactualresearchportionofthisprojecttookplaceatMaynoothUniversityandinvolvedatotalof68undergradstudents(24men,44women)betweentheagesof18and57.Theexperimentfeaturedlabtaskswhichcausedstressamongtheparticipants,whileresearchersmeasuredcardiovascularreactivityandrecoveryinresponsetothestress.Theensuingresultsrevealthatastateofgratitudepredictslowersystolic(收缩的)bloodpressureresponsesthroughoutthestress-testingperiod.Thismeans,researcherssay,thatgratitudepromotesauniquestress-bufferingeffectonbothreactionstoandrecoveryfromseverepsychologicalstress.Theteamalsofoundthataffect-balanceincreasestheeffectsofgratefulfeelings.Inconclusion,researchersbelievethesefindingsholdclinical(临床的)usefulness.Therearemanylow-costwaystodevelopgratefulfeelingsthatcanhelppromoteimprovedwell-being.Forinstance,oneearlierstudyfoundcardiacpatientswhomakeuseofgratitudejournalshavebettercardiovascularoutcomesthanthosewhodonot.Thoseearlierprojects,incombinationwiththeselatestfindings,stronglysuggestthatgratitudeisausefultoolinthefightagainststressandpoorcardiovascularhealth.12.Whatmayhighbloodpressureresultinaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Aheadache. B.Asleepdisorder.C.Heartdisease. D.Difficultbreathing.13.Howmighttheparticipantsfeelaboutthelabtasks?A.Moved. B.Thankful. C.Disappointed. D.Anxious.14.Whydoestheauthorgivetheexampleinthelastparagraph?A.Toshowgratitudeiseasytopractice.B.Tosuggestweshouldlearnmorewaystorelievestress.C.Toexplainwhythefindingsaremeaningful.D.Toshowhospitalsshouldusemoretreatmentways.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theapproachestocopingwithstress.B.Theconnectionbetweenstressandheartdisease.C.Thebenefitsofbeingthankful.D.Theconnectionbetweengratitudeandstressrelief.【答案】12.C13.D14.A15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了感恩能够缓解压力，改善心血管健康。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Morespecifically,excessstresscanleadtohighbloodpressure,increasingheartdiseaserisk.(更具体地说，过度的压力会导致高血压，增加患心脏病的风险)”可知，高血压可能导致心脏病。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theexperimentfeaturedlabtaskswhichcausedstressamongtheparticipants,whileresearchersmeasuredcardiovascularreactivityandrecoveryinresponsetothestress.(该实验的特点是实验室任务会给参与者带来压力，而研究人员则测量了心血管反应性和对压力的恢复情况)”可知，实验室任务会给参与者带来压力，由此可推知，实验参与者对任务可能感到焦虑。故选D。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therearemanylow-costwaystodevelopgratefulfeelingsthatcanhelppromoteimprovedwell-being.Forinstance,oneearlierstudyfoundcardiacpatientswhomakeuseofgratitudejournalshavebettercardiovascularoutcomesthanthosewhodonot.(有许多低成本的方法可以培养感激之情，这有助于促进幸福感的改善。例如，一项早期的研究发现，使用感恩日记的心脏病患者比不使用的患者有更好的心血管结果)”可知，作者在最后一段举例是为了说明感恩之情很容易练习。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thoseearlierprojects,incombinationwiththeselatestfindings,stronglysuggestthatgratitudeisausefultoolinthefightagainststressandpoorcardiovascularhealth.(那些早期的项目，结合这些最新发现，强烈表明感恩是对抗压力和心血管健康不良的有用工具)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了感恩能够缓解压力，改善心血管健康，即感恩与减压之间的联系。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。NewinventiontogetastronautsmovinginspaceNASAsaysthatastronautscanloseasmuchas10%oftheirbonedensity(骨密度)whenthey’reinspace.That’sbecausethereisnogravityfortheirbodiestopushagainst.___16___.Itisamachinethatallowsthemtojumpinzerogravity.Jumpinginzerogravitywouldhelpbuildupbonedensityandmusclemassratherthanastronautslosingthiswhileinspace.___17___.Thisistomaintainahealthylifestyleandpreventthemfromlosingtoomuchmuscleandbonedensity.JohnKennett,theengineerofthisproject,saysthathismachinewouldcuttheworksdowntojustsixminutesaday!Itwillallowastronautstotakepartinashortbutintenseworkoutdesignedtobuildbothmusclemassandbonedensity.Johnsaysthatjumpingisimportanttomaintaingoodbonedensity.___18___.Sohethinkshisinventionistheperfectsolution.FormerNASAastronautLeroyChiaosaysthatexercisingwhileinspaceisveryimportantforasuccessfulrecoveryoncebackonearth.Hesayshewouldwelcomeshorterworkoutstoensureotherdutiesonthespacecraftcanstillbecompleted.___19___.“Whenyou’rejumpingonthisyoucanreallyfeelitfromyourtoesrightthroughyourshoulders,”shesays.Expertssaythismachinecouldalsosavemuch-neededspaceonboard.___20___.Andit’shopeditwilljoinsomeastronautsinspaceby2026!A.However,jumpinginzerogravityisreallyhard.B.Now,astronautsdon’tspendmuchtimeexercising.C.Nextyearthemachinewillbetestedinzerogravity.D.Somepeoplewonderwhetherthemachinewillworkinspace.E.Atthemomentastronautsspenduptotwohoursaday,sixdaysaweekexercising.F.AnengineerfromLondonhasfoundthesolutiontokeepingastronautsfitandhealthyinspace.G.TessMorris-Paterson,whohasbeentestingthemachine,saystheworkoutgivesherfull-bodybenefits.【答案】16.F17.E18.A19.G20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种可以让宇航员在太空中移动的新发明。【16题详解】上文“NASAsaysthatastronautscanloseasmuchas10%oftheirbonedensity(骨密度)whenthey’reinspace.(美国国家航空航天局表示，宇航员在太空中可能会失去高达10%的骨密度)”说明宇航员在太空中可能会失去部分骨密度，身体变得不健康，F项“一位来自伦敦的工程师找到了让宇航员在太空中保持健康的解决方案。”就上文所说明的情况给出对应的解决方法，并引出下文“Itisamachinethatallowsthemtojumpinzerogravity.(这是一种让他们在零重力下跳跃的机器)”，It指代选项中的solution，说明具体的解决方法是可以让宇航员在零重力下跳跃的机器，F项承上启下，符合题意。故选F。【17题详解】下文“Thisistomaintainahealthylifestyleandpreventthemfromlosingtoomuchmuscleandbonedensity.(这是为了保持健康的生活方式，防止他们失去太多的肌肉和骨密度)”说明宇航员会做某种活动，以保持健康生活方式，E项“目前，宇航员每周锻炼六天，每天锻炼两个小时。”具体介绍宇航员所做的活动是锻炼，并且介绍锻炼进行的时间，引出下文，符合题意。故选E。【18题详解】上文“Johnsaysthatjumpingisimportanttomaintaingoodbonedensity.(约翰说跳跃对于保持良好的骨密度很重要)”说明跳跃对于良好骨密度的重要性，A项“然而，在零重力下跳跃真的很难。”与上文形成转折关系，说明在太空的零重力条件下，跳跃很困难，由此引出下文内容“Sohethinkshisinventionistheperfectsolution.(所以他认为他的发明是完美的解决方案)”，A项承上启下，符合题意。故选A。【19题详解】下文““Whenyou’rejumpingonthisyoucanreallyfeelitfromyourtoesrightthroughyourshoulders,”shesays.(她说：“当你跳上这个时，你真的可以从脚趾到肩膀感受到它。”)”说明这种机器可以让人感受到它的益处，G项“TessMorris-Patterson一直在测试这台机器，她说这项锻炼对她的全身都有好处。”说明机器对身体有好处，引出下文内容，且选项中TessMorris-Patterson由下文中she进行指代，G项符合题意。故选G。【20题详解】下文“Andit’shopeditwilljoinsomeastronautsinspaceby2026!(希望到2026年，它能与一些宇航员一起进入太空！)”说明人们的期望，并结合常识可知，在正式使用机器之前，机器需经历一系列测试，C项“明年，这台机器将在零重力下进行测试。”符合逻辑，引出下文的期望，符合题意。故选C。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwaslearningatWesternUniversityinLondonwhenIwas20yearsold,anditwasmythirdyearthere.Ihad____21____acourseintheDepartmentofEnglishtaughtbyDonaldS.Hair.Afewweeksintotheclass,theprofessor____22____ourfirsttest.Ididn’tthinkIhadanythingtoworryabout—untilhehandedmyexambackthefollowingweekwitha67writtenonitinredink.Sixty-seven!I’dneverreceivedsuchalowmark.Iwasdependentona____23____,andanygradebelow80putmyfutureintrouble.Myseatmate’sannoyedexpressionsuggestedhermarkhadbeenpainfultoo.It____24____us:ProfessorHairwasanoldweirdo(怪人)!Howdarehe____25____ourGPAs?Whatwastheoldboy’sproblem,anyway?Buttherealproblemwasthis:Hewasright.IknewitassoonasI’d____26____offandtakenthetimetodigesthis____27____.Mywritingwascareless,myunderstandingofkeyconcepts____28____.Likemanyofmypartners,Iwasusedtoearningtopgrades.Now,forthefirsttime,ateacherhadintroducedanuncomfortablequestion.Wereweactually“____29____”them?Thenextday,Iwenttohisoffice.Withburningcheeks,ItoldhimIknewI’d_____30_____theexam.Tomy_____31_____,hewasn’ta“weirdo”intheleast.Hewasfunny,warmand_____32_____patient.HeassuredmeifIworkedhard,I’dachievemy_____33_____inthecourse,andhe’dbeavailabletohelpme.Iwentaway,readingandreadingsomemore.ThemoreIread,themoreinterestinghisclassesbecame,andsoon,hiscomplex,absorbinglectureswerethe_____34_____ofmyweek.Isparednoeffortinthatcourse.ThegradeIearnedinhisclasswasthelowestI’dreceivedthatyear.ButIhadearnedthatgrade.Nearly30yearslater,I’mstill_____35_____ofthat.21.A.checkedin B.registeredfor C.loggedon D.tookup22.A.took B.specified C.clarified D.organized23.A.scholarship B.victory C.score D.recognition24.A.whistled B.resolved C.angered D.surveyed25.A.drill B.ruin C.remind D.alarm26.A.cooled B.dropped C.took D.broken27.A.honesty B.fairness C.complaint D.comments28.A.shallow B.dramatic C.severe D.resistant29.A.passing B.possessing C.earning D.holding30.A.transformed B.overtaken C.overcame D.bombed31.A.surprise B.curiosity C.confusion D.regret32.A.slightly B.uncommonly C.unavoidably D.casually33.A.dream B.potential C.submission D.reputation34.A.pursuit B.struggle C.highlight D.meaning35.A.shy B.suspicious C.guilty D.proud【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.A27.D28.A29.C30.D31.A32.B33.B34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为一个引以为傲的优等生，在大三那年遇到一位教授给自己的英语测试打出了历史最低分。经过反思，作者找出了自己的症结并得到教授的帮助从而不断努力获得了理想的分数，也意识到脚踏实地，勤奋努力的重要性。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在英语系注册了一门由DonaldS.Hair教授的课程。A.checkedin登记入住；B.registeredfor注册；C.loggedon登录；D.tookup从事。根据后文“acourse”可知，作者注册了一门课程。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：上课几周后，教授组织了我们的第一次考试。A.took带走；B.specified指定；C.clarified澄清；D.organized组织。根据前文“Afewweeksintotheclass”及后文“ourfirsttest”可知，几周后，教授组织了第一次考试。故选D项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我依靠奖学金生活，任何低于80分的成绩都会给我的未来带来麻烦。A.scholarship奖学金；B.victory胜利；C.score分数；D.recognition识别。根据前文“dependenton”及后文“anygradebelow80putmyfutureintrouble”可知，低于80分的成绩都会给作者带来麻烦，说明作者的生活与学术成绩密切相关，说明他依靠奖学金生活。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这激怒了我们：Hair教授是一个