2024高考英语一轮复习第一部分教材知识突破选修8Unit4Pygmalion课时跟踪一练而就含解析新人教版

PAGE第一部分教材学问突破选修八Unit4Pygmalion———————————◄课时跟踪·一练而就►———————————Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2025届辽宁省五校高三联考)Howoldistoooldtogotrick­or­treating?ChesapeakeofVirginiasaystheanswertothatquestionisanyoneovertheageof12.Cityofficialsrecentlyannouncedthatdoorbell­ringingcandyseekersovertheageof12couldfaceacharge,uptosixmonthsinjail,and$25to$100fines.They'refarfromalone.MeridianofMississippi,BishopvilleofSouthCarolina,andBoonsboroofMaryland,alsohavesettheageat12.Thephenomenonisn'tlimitedtotheUS:In2024,Bathurst,atowninCanada,bannedanyoneolderthan16.Officialssaytheywon'tbeactivelylookingtocatchteenagetrick­or­treatersintheact.Theagelimitsarepartofabroaderpushtolimitpranksandtricks.SomeparentsthinkthatpreventingolderkidsfromparticipatinginHalloweentraditionswillhavetheoppositeeffect.AFacebookpostlastyeararguedthatallkids,regardlessofage,shouldbeallowedtotakepartintrick­or­treating.Itwassharedmorethan4，000times,withcloseto700comments.Someparentsarguedthatkidsshouldn'tbespoiled.Alotmorearguedthatevenolderkidsshouldbeencouragedtotakepartinitinthesenseofwonderandexcitement,andmostsaidtheywerewillingtogivecandytowhoeverdressedup.Thatseemsconsistentwiththescientificstudiesthatplayisessentialtohelpchildrendevelopintohealthy,well­adaptedpeople,andthatplayencourageskidstodevelopcollaborationandcreativity.Givenhowover­scheduled,anxious,andunhappytoday'steensare,maybealittleHalloweenmagicisexactlyinorder.【语篇解读】美国的一些城市给万圣节的传统活动trick­or­treating设立了年龄限制，年龄在12岁以上的青少年不能参与此项活动。大多数人对此持反对看法。1．HowmanyAmericancitiesthathavesetthelimitongoingtrick­or­treatingarementioned?A．Onecity. B．Twocities.C．Threecities. D．Fourcities.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第一段和其次段中的Chesapeake，Meridian，Bishopville和Boonsboro可知，文中一共提到四座城市设立了trick­or­treating的年龄限制。故选D。2．Whydidtheofficialsdecidetopreventteensfromgoingtrick­or­treating?A．Becausetheteensaretoooldtogotrick­or­treating.B．Becauseitisthoughtthattheteenswilldosomethingharmful.C．Becausesomeparentsareafraidthatkidscanbespoiled.D．Becausethatseemsconsistentwiththescientificstudies.解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Theagelimitsarepartofabroaderpushtolimitpranksandtricks.”可知，市政府官员确定阻挡青少年参与trick­or­treating是因为人们认为青少年会做一些有害的事情。故选B。3．Whatmaymostpeopleagreewithaccordingtothepassage?A．AllpeopleshouldtakepartintheHalloweentraditionalactivities.B．Halloweentraditionisnolongerasattractiveasbefore.C．It'snotagoodideatolimittheageofgoingtrick­or­treating.D．Playisnecessarytohelpchildrendevelopintohealthyandwell­adaptedpeople.解析：选C细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的“Alotmorearguedthatevenolderkidsshouldbeencouragedtotakepartinitinthesenseofwonderandexcitement,andmostsaidtheywerewillingtogivecandytowhoeverdressedup.”可知，大部分人认为限制参与trick­or­treating活动的人的年龄不是一个好办法。故选C。4．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardstheagelimitofgoingtrick­or­treating?A．Disapproving. B．Objective.C．Favorable. D．Indifferent.解析：选A观点看法题。依据最终一段“Givenhowover­scheduled,anxious,andunhappytoday'steensare,maybealittleHalloweenmagicisexactlyinorder.”可知，作者对限制参与trick­or­treating活动的人的年龄是不支持的。故选A。B(2025届湖北省武汉市外国语学校高三质检)What'ssmall,buzzeshereandthereandvisitsflowers?Ifyousaidbeesorhummingbirds,yougotit.Youwouldn'tbethefirstifyoumixedthetwoup.Nowagroupofresearchersevensayweshouldembraceourhistoryofconsideringthetwotogetherinthesamegroup.Thewayscientistsstudybeescouldhelpthemstudyhummingbirdbehavior,too.Scientistsfirstcomparedthetwobackinthe1970swhenstudyinghowanimalssearchforfood.Theideaisthatanimalsuseakindofmathtomakechoicesinordertominimizetheworkittakestoearnmaximumrewards.Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules,liketheorderinwhichtheyvisitedflowers,andwhereflowerswerelocatedrelativetoothers.Itwas“almostlikeanalgorithm(算法)”forefficientsearching,saidDavidPritchard,abiologistattheUniversityofSt.AndrewsinScotland.Hummingbirdsandbeeshadsimilarsolutions.Asthefieldofanimalcognition(认知)appeared,hummingbirdandbeeresearchparted.Neuroscientistsandbehavioralecologistsdevelopedwaystostudybeebehaviorinnaturalisticsettings.Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.Tobefair,hummingbirdsandbeesdiffer.Forexample,hummingbirdshavemoreadvancedeyesandbrainsthanbees.Honeybeesandbumblebeesaresocial;hummingbirdstypicallyaren't.Buthowevertheyperceive(感知)orprocessinformation,theybothexperiencesimilarinformation,Dr.Pritchardsaid.Inday­to­daysearchingforfood,forexample,hummingbirdsmayrelyonmoreofabee's­eyeviewthanabird's­eyeview.Likeotherbirds,theyrelyonlandmarks,distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravelinglongdistances,buttheydon'tusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower'soriginallocation.Dr.Pritchardisinvestigatingif,likebees,hummingbirdsengageinviewmatching—hovering,scanningsnapshotsofaplacetoitsmemoryandusingthoseasreferenceslater.【语篇解读】科学家们从运动规律、认知、感知或处理信息等方面对比了蜜蜂和蜂鸟的相同点和不同点。5．Whatisthecenterofresearchonhummingbirdsandbeesinthe1970s?A．Memory. B．Movementrules.C．Rewardcalculating. D．Informationprocessing.解析：选B细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Scientistsfirstcomparedthetwobackinthe1970s...Researchersatthetimefocusedonmovementrules...”可知，B项正确。6．Whichsubject'sresearchmethodswereadoptedtostudythelearningabilityofhummingbirds?A．Math. B．Biology.C．Ecology. D．Psychology.解析：选D细微环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Hummingbirdresearcherscomparedhummingbirdstootherbirdsandborrowedmethodsfrompsychologytostudytheirabilitytolearninthelab.”可知，D项正确。7．Howdoresearchersfindoutthathummingbirdsarenotlikebirds?A．Bysettingthemfree. B．Bymovingflowers.C．Bymatchingview. D．Bymakingmaps.解析：选B推理推断题。依据最终一段中的“Likeotherbirds，theyrelyonlandmarks，distancesanddirectionstomakemapswhentravelinglongdistances,buttheydon'tusethesecuestofindflowers.Moveaflowerjustaninchorsoawayfromwhereahummingbirdthoughtitwasanditwillhoverovertheflower'soriginallocation.”可知，在长途飞行时，蜂鸟和其他的鸟类一样，依靠地标、距离和方向绘制地图，但它们不用这些信息找花。将一朵花从蜂鸟认定的位置挪开一英寸左右，那只蜂鸟还是悬停在这朵花的原始位置上方。故B项正确。Ⅱ.七选五(2025届贵州省贵阳市高三适应性考试)Takingnotesquicklyisavaluableadvantagewhetheryou'reinclassoratameeting.1.However,thequalityofyournotesdoesn'thavetodecreasejustbecauseyourspeedincreases.Therearesimpletipstofollowtoincreaseyourspeedofnote­takingwithoutsacrificingquality.Printoutanyavailablematerials.Sometimesprofessorsorspeakersuploadorsharetheirnotes.2.Ifyouhaveaccesstothesedocuments,printthemout,readthemaheadoftime,andbringthemtoclass.Thisway,someofthenotesarealreadytakenforyouandyoucansimplyaddadditionalthoughtsduringthelecture.Listenforkeyconcepts,don'ttranscribe(抄录).Writingdowneverythingtheteachersayswillwastetime.Instead,pickuponlarger,mainissues.3，nomorethanfivewords.4.Youcanalwayscomebacktoaconceptoraskaquestion.Youwillwastetimeifyoumoveatyourownpace,sodon'tspendtimefinishingupasectiontoyoursatisfactionwhileyourprofessormoveson.Instead,switchconceptswhentheydo.5.Takeamomentafterthelectureorclassandrevisityourwriting.Thistimeiswhentheinformationwillbefreshestinyourmind.A．GettheconceptstraightB．RevisityournotesafterclassisoverC．MoveonwhentheprofessormovesonD．YoushouldbewritingoutshortsentencesE．YoucanlearnalotfromtheusefulmaterialsF．ItmayseemchallengingtotakenotesquicklywhilekeepingkeyinformationG．The