高中英语必修7第4单元知识点和填空

Book2Unit4LivingwithtechnologyLanguagePoints1.livewith与……住/生活在一起；忍受，容忍(P43,标题)①liveby以……为生②liveon靠吃……生存，以……为主食；继续活着，继续存在③livethrough经历；经受住④liveupto遵守，实践；符合，不辜负（某人的期望）⑤live(out)one’sdream实现某人的梦想⑥liveout不住在工作/学习的地方；实践，实现⑦liveahappy/hard/miserablelife过着幸福/艰难/痛苦的生活典题赏析：1)Inmoderntimes,peoplehavetolearnto________________（忍受，容忍）allkindsofpressurealthoughtheyareleadingacomfortablelife.【湖北卷】2)Smallbirdslivemainly____________insects.3)Thefishermenlive______________huntingandkillingwhales.4)Hefailedtolive___________________hisparents’expectations.5)Theoldmanhaslived_______________twoworldwars.6)Themoneyenabledthemtolive_____________theirdreams.2.imaginevt.想象，设想；误以为，胡乱猜想，猜测；料想，认为(P44,L1)①imagine(sb./sb.’s)doingsth.想象（某人）干某事②imagine...as...想象/认为……是……③imagine...tobe/todosth想象/认为……是/干……④imaginethat...想象/认为……▲imaginationn.想象，幻想；想象力，创造力[c/u]⑤inone’simagination只存在于/发生于头脑中，幻想的⑥useone’simagination动动脑筋⑦capture/catchone’simagination使某人出神/入迷⑧leavesth.toone’simagination留给某人自己去想象▲imaginativeadj.创新的，富于想象力的典题赏析：1)IcanjustimagineSarah______________(run)herownbusiness.2)IneverknewmygrandmotherbutIalwaysimagineher___________akind,gentleperson.3)Ihadimaginedher___________________olderthanthat.4)Useyour_________________(imagine),youwillsolvethispuzzle.5)Thisisan___________________(imagine)solutiontotheproblem.6)—Canwestillbuyticketsfortheconcert?—________________________（我想可以吧）.7)Idon’timaginethattheywillrefuse,__________________?（改为反义疑问句）3.castlen.城堡；（国际象棋的）车[c](P44,L3)①(build)castlesintheair（建）空中楼阁，幻想，空想，（做）白日梦典题赏析：1)Hisfriendsthoughthewas_______________________（做白日梦）whenhesaidhewouldtraveltotheSahara.2)Thekingusedtovisitthemenwhowereonguardaroundhis__________（城堡）atnight.4.givenprep.考虑到，鉴于(P44,L3)类似的分词作介词有：regarding（关于），concerning（关于），respecting（关于），considering（就……而论，考虑到……），including（包括），accordingto（根据，依据），owingto（由于，因为），judgingfrom/by（由……来判断），talkingof（说到……），comingto（谈到……），settingaside（除开……）等。（其后接名词/代词）类似的分词作连词有：giventhat（考虑到，鉴于），considering(that)（就……而论，考虑到……），provided/providing(that)（如果，假如），supposing(that)（如果，假如），assuming(that)（如果，假如），seeing(that)（既然，鉴于）等。（其后接从句）adj.已经安排好的，规定的；指定的，特定的，所述的（作前置定语）n.认定的事实[c]①begiventodoingsth.经常做某事，习惯于做某事；往往会做某事典题赏析：1)_______________（考虑到）herage,shehasdonequitewell.2)___________________（考虑到）therewassolittletime,Ithinktheyhavedoneagoodjob.3)__________________（关于）yourletter,Ihavereadit.4)Weallwenttothepark,_____________（包括）Tom.5)________________（依据，按照）mywatch,it’s4o’clock.6)__________________（由……来判断）hisaccent,hemustbefromGuangdongprovince.7)_______________（假如）thatmyexpensesarepaid,IwillgotoItaly.8)____________that（既然）sheisoldenoughtogetmarried,Idon’tseehowyoucanstopher.9)Theyweretomeetata_______________（规定的）timeandplace.10)Heisgivento____________(go)forlongwalksonhisown.5.inputn.输入，输入的信息[u]；投入资源，投入，输入(into/to)[c/u](P44,L8)vt.(inputting-input/inputted-input/inputted)（向计算机）输入（信息）(反：output)①inputtext/data/figures把文本/数据/数字输入计算机典题赏析：1)Herspecialistinput_____________thediscussionshasbeenveryuseful.2)Theconferencewouldnothavebeensuchasuccesswithoutyourvaluable_________（投入）.3)Hehadalotoffigures________________（输入）lastnight.6.capacityn.领悟（理解、办事）能力，才能(for)[c/u]；容量，容积(of)[u]；职位，职责[c]；生产量[u](P44,L12)①haveacapacityfor有……的能力②haveacapacityofdoingsth./fordoingsth./todosth.有干某事的能力③inone’scapacityas以……的身份/职位典题赏析：1)Hehasagreatcapacity_________________(enjoy)himself.2)Thegirlhasanenormouscapacity______________hardwork.3)Iattendedinmycapacity___________aspokesmanofthecompany.7.analys/zevt.分析(P44,L12)▲analysisn.分析[c/u](复：analyses)①inthelast/finalanalysis最终，归根结底▲analystn.分析者，分析家，化验员[c]▲analyticaladj.分析的，解析的，分析性的典题赏析：1)Theteamareworkinghardto_______________（分析）theproblemsothattheycanfindthebestsolution.【湖北卷】2)Thejobinvolvesgatheringand_____________（分析）data.3)Youcanaskforachemical________________（分析）ofyourtapwater.4)Shehasaclear________________（分析的）mind5)_______________________（归根结底）,it’samatterofpersonalchoice.8.coinvt.创造（新词语）；铸（币），造（硬币）n.（统称）硬币[u]；一枚硬币，金属货币[c](P44,L16)①tocoinaphrase套用一句老话，用老话来说，常言道②becoiningit(in)/becoiningmoney暴富，赚大钱，发大财③toss/flipacoin抛硬币（选择/决定某事）④theothersideofthecoin事情的另一面⑤Everycoinhastwosides.任何事物都有两面性。典题赏析：1)Theterm“InformationHighway”___________________（创造）afewyearsago.2)Thenewrestaurantonthecornermust________________________（财源滚滚）.3)Ohwell,everycoinhastwosides,__________________________（常言道）.4)Let’s_____________________（抛硬币）toseewhogoesfirst.5)Childrenshouldlearntorespectthepolice,but________________________（事情的另一面）isthatthepoliceshouldlearnthatrespect.9.breakthroughn.重大进展，突破[c]adj.突破性的(P45,L19)①make/achieveabreakthrough(in)（在……方面）取得突破性进展②breakthroughvi.&vt.突围，突破；克服，战胜类似：breakdownn.（关系）破裂；故障[c/u]breakdownvt.使分解（为），使变化（成）；打破，弄坏；把……分类/成；改变vi.出故障，坏掉，抛锚；失声痛哭；（身体）垮掉，崩溃；失败，遭受挫折breakoutn.逃脱，越狱[c]breakoutvi.爆发，发生breakupn.（婚姻或关系）破裂；分裂，解散；瓦解[c/u]breakupvi.&vt.拆散，打碎，破裂；分裂，分解；（精神）崩溃，垮掉；放假，结束break-inn.闯入[c]breakinvi.&vt.闯入，打断，插嘴；开始活动典题赏析：1)Scientistshavemadeamajorbreakthrough___________thetreatmentofcancer.2)Demonstrators____________________thepolicecordon.示威群众冲破了警方的警戒线。3)Cloningisa____________________technology.克隆是一项突破性的技术。10.financen.财政，金融，资金(for)[u]；财力，财源，财务管理[c]vt.提供资金(P45,L24)financecompany信贷公司，金融公司thefinancedirector/department财务主任/财务科government/public/personalfinances政府/公共/个人财力①raisefinance/moneyfor为……筹集资金②befinancedby由……出资▲financialadj.财政的，财务的，金融的；有钱的afinancialsuccess财务方面的成功，赚钱的事 financialaid助学金，助学贷款financialyear财政年度，会计年度 financialinstitution金融机构financialmarkets金融市场 financialincentive金钱鼓励，奖金▲financiallyadv.财政地，财务地，金融地；有钱地▲financiern.金融家，理财家[c]典题赏析：1)Finance______________educationcomesfromtaxpayers.2)Theseplanswereabandonedbecauseof________________(finance)problems.3)Sheisstill________________(finance)dependentonherparents.4)Itwasawonderfulfilm,butnotexactlya__________________(finance)success.5)Theconcerts____________________theArtsCouncil.音乐会由艺术协会出资举办。11.tonamebutafew略举几例，（表示列举）等等(P45,L25)①forexample例如，举例来说②forinstance例如③suchas比如，例如④take...forexample/asanexample以……为例典题赏析：1)Lotsofindustriesarespringingup,petscaring,distancelearning,bigdataanalysis,_________（等等）.2)Iwantmycafetohaveaspecialtheme__________________（比如）“TangDynasty”.3)Manycountries,__________________（例如）,MexicoandJapan,havealotofearthquakes.4)Youdon’tneedloadsofqualifications—_________________________（以我为例）,Ifailedmyexams,butIstillfoundajob.12.threatenvt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓，扬言要；预示凶兆，有……危险(P45,L40)①threatensb.withsth.用某物威胁某人②threatentodosth.威胁干某事③threatensb.todosth.威胁某人干某事④threatenthat...威胁说……▲threatn.威胁，恐吓[c/u]；凶兆，不祥之兆[c/u]；构成威胁的人/事[c]death/bombthreat死亡/炸弹威胁 emptythreat虚张声势的威胁⑤athreatof……的威胁 athreatto对……（构成）威胁⑥underthreat受到威胁，面临威胁⑦underthreatof受到……的威胁，面临……的威胁⑧make/issueathreatagainst对……发出/进行威胁⑨poseathreatto对……构成威胁⑩carryoutathreat把威胁付诸行动▲threateningadj.威胁的，恐吓的；阴沉沉的，乌云密布的athreateningletter恐吓信▲threatenedadj.受到威胁的典题赏析：1)Theboysufferedathreat____________violenceatschool.2)Themurdererwasathreat____________everyoneintown.3)Tomthreatened___________(report)hisneighbourtothepoliceifthedamageswerenotpaid.4)Theoldhouseseemedmore___________________(threaten)inthecoldlightofthenight.5)Theblackclouds________________（预示）rain.6)Thesurvivalofcivilizationis_____________________（受到威胁）.7)Theprogramis______________________（受到……威胁）closureduetolackoffunding.8)Nuclearweaponscontinueto______________________（对……构成威胁）humanbeings.9)Theattacker______________them______________agun.袭击者用枪威胁他们。13.commitvt.承诺，保证；犯（错误、罪行），做出（错事）；花（钱或时间）忠于，全心全意投入；把……交付给/押给……（常用被动）(commit-committed-committed-committing)(P45,L42)①commitsb./oneselftodoingsth./dosth.保证某人干某事，承诺干某事②commit…to…把……投入到//交付给/押给……③commitanerror/acrime/murder/suicide犯错误/犯罪/犯谋杀罪/自杀▲committedadj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的④becommittedto(doingsth./todosth.)致力于/坚信/忠诚于……▲commitmentn.承诺，保证[c/u]；投入，奉献，献身[u]；花费，使用[c/u]⑤makeacommitment(to)（对……）作出承诺/保证⑥makeacommitmenttodoing/dosth.承诺/保证干某事典题赏析：1)Theseriousfault________________(commit)inanger.2)Thecontractcommittedhimto________________(play)fortheteamforthenextthreeyears.3)Oftenthehardeststepinlifeismakingareal____________(commit)tofollowyourheart.4)Thecompanyhasmadeacommitment______________equalpayandopportunities.5)Thegovernmenthas____________alargeamountofmoney___________thisproject.政府把一大笔钱投入到这个工程中。14.crimen.罪，罪行[c]；犯罪活动，不法行为[u]；不道德行为，罪过[c](P45,L42)petty/serious/violentcrime轻微的/严重的/暴力的犯罪 crimeprevention/rate/wave/novels/figures犯罪预防措施/率/高潮/小说/数字alifeofcrime犯罪生涯 thesceneofthecrime犯罪现场crimeagainsthumanity反人类罪 crimedoesn’tpay违反犯罪没有好处①commitacrime犯罪②confessacrime供认罪行③turntocrime走上犯罪道路④wipeoutcrime消除犯罪⑤Itisacrimethat………是罪过/不道德的。▲criminaladj.犯罪的，犯法的；刑法的，刑事的；不道德的n.犯罪者，罪犯[c]典题赏析：1)Mostcrimes____________________bymalesundertheageof30.大部分案件的作案者是30岁以下的男子。2)He_______________________whenhedroppedoutofschool.他辍学后走上了犯罪的道路。3)Crimes_____________elderlyarebecomingmorecommon.针对老人的犯罪更为常见。4)Itissaidthatamurderalwaysreturnsto__________________________.据说凶手总是会回到犯罪现场的。5)Itisacrime_________________(waste)somuchmoney.6)Theboyhasshown___________________(crime)tendenciessinceearlyadolescence.15.murdern.谋杀，凶杀[c/u]；困难的事，讨厌的事[u]vt.谋杀，凶杀；糟蹋，毁坏，弄坏；彻底打败，打垮(P45,L42)①commit(a)murder犯谋杀罪②getawaywithmurder逍遥法外，为所欲为，（做了错事而）安然无事③Itismurderdoingsth.干某事是困难的。④Icouldmurdera...我非常想吃/喝……⑤Sb.willmurderyou.某人会宰了你（表示某人会很生气）。▲murderern.杀人犯，杀人凶手[c]典题赏析：1)Shemurderedhimforhismoney.意为：_____________________2)Itisabeautifulsong,buttheymurderedit.意为：_____________________3)Theymurderedusinthefinal.意为：_____________________4)Heischargedwiththemurderoftwoyoungboys.意为：_____________________5)It’smurder______________(try)tofindsomewheretoparkinBeijingthesesdays.6)4,600murders_______________________intheUSin1975.1975年美国发生了4,600宗谋杀案。7)Icould______________apizzanow.现在我非常想要吃一张披萨。8)Youdadwill_____________youwhenhehearsaboutit.要是你爸听说这事，他会宰了你。16.urgevt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张，强烈要求；驱赶，鞭策n.强烈的欲望，冲动[c](P45,L43)①urgesb.todosth.催促/力劝某人干某事urgesb.intodoingsth.催促/力劝某人干某事②urgethat+s+(should)+v.竭力主张……③urgesb.on为某人加油；鼓励/激励某人④have/feelanurgetodosth.有做某事的欲望/冲动▲urgentadj.紧急的，紧迫的，迫切的；催促的，急切的⑤beinurgentneedof急需⑥Itisurgentthat+s+(should)+v.……是紧急的。▲urgentlyadv.紧急地，紧迫地，迫切地；催促地，急切地▲urgencyn.紧急，迫切；强求，催促[u]典题赏析：1)Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildren__________________(seize)theopportunitytojoinsportsgames.2)Thereportsurgedthatallchildren________________________(teach)toswim.3)Hehadanurge_____________________(open)acompanyofhisown.4)Thepeopleinthatareaarein_______________(urge)needoffoodandwater.5)Shecouldhearhimurgingher_____________assheranpast.6)Itwasurgentthathe__________________(talk)itoverwiththem.7)Inthisboxaresomestemcellsthatare_______________(urgent)neededforapatient.17.posevt.造成，产生；提问，质询；佯装，冒充，假扮vi.摆好姿势n.姿势(P45,L44)①poseaquestion/athreat(/challenge/danger/risk)提出问题/构成威胁（/挑战/危险/风险）②posefor为（照相或画像）……摆好姿势③poseassb.假装成某人，装扮成某人④strikeapose摆个姿势典题赏析：1)Weposed____________photographsafterthegraduationceremony.2)Thiscouldposeathreat_____________theenvironment.3)Thebangenteredthebuilding_______________________（冒充）workmen.4)Mary______________________________（摆好姿势）andsmiledforthecamera.18.warningn.警告，先兆[c/u]；警戒[c](P45,L47)①advancewarning预先通知/警告②withoutwarning毫无征兆③giveawarning发出警告▲warnvt.警告，提醒;预告，预先通知④warnsb.of/aboutsth.警告某人某事⑤warnsb.todosth.警告某人干某事⑥warnsb.nottodosth.=warnsb.againstdoingsth.警告某人不要干某事⑦warnsb.that…警告某人……典题赏析：1)Thepatient____________（警告，提醒）nottoeatoilyfoodaftertheoperation.【全国卷】2)Iwarnedyou___________________(notwalk)homealoneatnight.3)Iwarnedhim_________________thosestairs.4)Wewarnedthem______________therewasabullinthefield.5)Thepolicehavewarnedtourists______________goingtoremoterregions.19.demandvt.需要；强烈要求(P45,L47)n.要求，所需之物[c]；需求，需要[u]①demandtodosth.要求某人干某事②demandsth.of/fromsb.要求某人某事③demandthat+s+(should)+v.要求……④a/thedemandfor对……的需求/要求⑤indemand有需求的，有需要的，受欢迎的⑥ondemand一经要求，在要求时⑦meet/satisfyone’sdemands满足某人的要求⑧makedemandson对……提出要求▲demandingadj.要求高的；苛求的典题赏析：1)Shedemanded____________________(tell)everythingindetailaboutit.2)Thefindingsdemandedmoreresearch________________thephysicians.3)TheUNhasdemandedthatalltroops_______________________(withdraw).4)Flyingmakesenormousdemands______________pilots.5)Herbooksare____________greatdemandatthemoment.6)Thereisanincreasingdemand_____________organicproductsthesedays.20.victimn.受害者，罹难者，患者，牺牲品；受骗者，上当者；祭品[c](P45,L48)murder/rapevictims谋杀案/强奸案受害者accident/earthquake/faminevictims事故/地震/饥荒罹难者AIDS/cancer/strokevictims艾滋病/癌症/中风患者fashion/stylevictims盲目追求时尚者①fallvictimto受伤，受损，被害，成为……的牺牲品/受害者②beavictimofitsownsuccess因成功而反受其害▲victimizevt.使受害，使受苦典题赏析：1)Theyarethe_________________（受害者）ofthecivilwar.2)Peopleinbigcitiesare____________________（成为……的受害者）airpollution.3)Nowadays,manyyoungpeopleare_______________________.如今，许多年轻人盲目追求时尚。4)Theonce-peacefulvillagehasattractedsomanytouriststhatithasbecome________________.那个曾经宁静的村子吸引了如此众多的游客，结果反受其害。21.greedyadj.贪心的，贪婪的，渴望的；贪吃的，贪喝的(P45,L50)①begreedyfor对……贪婪/渴望(~profit/power/fame)②begreedytodosth.渴望干某事▲greedilyadv.贪心地，贪婪地▲greedn.贪心，贪婪，贪食[u]典题赏析：1)Theshareholdersaregreedy_____________profits.2)Theyweregreedy________________(know)howwisetheirfriendswere.3)Youshouldadjustyourdietandshouldn’tbeso___________（贪吃的）forthefoodfulloffat.4)Helookedattheshopwindowwith______________（贪婪的）eyes.5)Hisactionsweremotivatedby__________________（贪婪）.22.recognitionn.识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识，奖赏[u](P47,L2)①beyondrecognition=outof(all)recognition认不出来；无法辨认②inrecognitionof表彰；作为对……的奖赏▲recognizevt.认识/出，辨别出；承认，意识到；认可，接受，赞成；赞赏，赏识，公认③recognizesb./sth.(by/from...)（从……）认出某人/某物④recognize…tobe/as…承认/认出/公认……是……⑤recognizethat…承认……典题赏析：1)Thebookisnowrecognized______________aclassic.2)Thefilmstarwearssunglasses.Therefore,hecangoshoppingwithout___________________(recognize).【北京卷】3)Ihaven’tseenSarasinceshewasalittlegirl,andshehaschanged_____________________（认不出）.【安徽卷】4)Lisa,Ididn’t______________（认出）you—you’vehadyourhaircut!【全国卷】5)Hereceivedtheaward______________________（表彰）hissuccessoverthepastyear.23.alternativen.可供选择的事物[c](P47,L5)adj.可供替代的，可供选择的；非传统的，另类的（仅用于名词前）alternativeenergy/fuel替代能源/燃料alternativemedicine替代医学，非正统疗法alternativeways/methods可供选择的方法alternativecomedy/lifestyles/values非传统喜剧/生活方式/价值观①analternativeto...……的替代品②havenoalternativebuttodosth.除了干某事别无选择③thereisnoalternative别无选择▲alternativelyadv.（引起第二种选择或可能的建议）要不，或者典题赏析：1)Newwaystotreatthisdiseasemayprovideanalternative_____________painkillers.2)Ihadnoalternativebut____________________(report)himtothepolice.3)I’msorry,thereisnoalternativebut_________________(sell)thecar.4)Theagencywillmaketravelarrangementsforyou.__________________(alternative),youcanorganizeyourowntransport.5)Shelikesan_________________________（另类的生活方式）.24.breakintovt.强行闯入，撬开；突然开始（笑、唱等）；顺利打入(P47,L16)①breakintotears/laughter突然大哭/笑起来②breakup断开，打碎；停止，制止；（关系）破裂，解散，瓦解；散开，散场；（精神）崩溃，垮掉；开始放假；结束；捧腹大笑；把……分成几部分③breakdownvt.使分解（为），使变化（成）；打破，弄坏；把……分类/成；改变vi.出故障，坏掉，抛锚；失声痛哭；（身体）垮掉，崩溃；失败，遭受挫折④breakinvi.闯入，打断，插嘴；开始活动⑤breakoff折断，打断；断绝，结束；解除；休息一下；突然停止讲话⑥breakout爆发，发生⑦breakthrough突围，突破⑧breakawayfrom摆脱，脱离⑨breakwith与……中止关系，与……断绝关系，与……决裂；破除典题赏析：用break短语的正确形式填空1)Hedecidedto_________________________theparty.2)Onmywaytothestationmycar______________________.3)Hishouse_____________________________lastnight.4)TheJuly7thIncident,orLugouqiaoIncident____________________in1937.5)Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmust_________it_________intoparts.6)Oursoldiersquickly________________________theenemy’sdefenceworkslastnight.7)Hehasjust______________________withhisgirlfriend.8)Suddenly,aman_____________________andfrightenedthelittleboy.9)Hetookabarofchocolateand_____________it_______________.10)Heneedto____________________thepastcompletely.25.distributionn.分发，分送[u]；分配，分布[c/u]；运销，经销，分销[u](P48,L7)distributioncosts经销成本 distributionboard配电板，配电盘marketing,salesanddistribution营销、销售和经销①thedistributionof……的分布/分发▲distributevt.分发，分配；分布，分散；分销②distribute...to...把……分发给……③distribute...among...在……中分配……▲distributiveadj.经销的，分销的▲distributorn.经销商，批发商，销售者；分电器典题赏析：1)Themapshowsthe______________（分布）ofthisspeciesacrosstheworld.2)Theorganization________________food________________theearthquakevictims.这个机构向地震灾民分发了食品。3)Themoney____________________________schoolsinthisarea.这笔款项是在本地区的学校中分配的。26.predictvt.预言，预告，预报(P48,L8)①predictthat...预测……②Itispredictedthat...据预测……▲predictionn.预言，预测，预告[c/u]③makeaprediction作出预测▲predictiveadj.预测的，预言的，前瞻的▲predictableadj.可预见的，可预料的；老套乏味的典题赏析：1)Hemadea______________(predict)aboutwhichbookswouldsellwellinthecomingyear.2)It_____________________(predict)thatitwillrainonSundaynightinLondon.3)Theendingofthebookwasentirely__________________(predict).27.decrease[dɪ'kriːs]vt.&vi.减少，降低(P48,L12)['diːkriːs]n.减少，降低[c/u](反：increase)①decreaseto减少/降低到（+数字）②decreaseby减少/降低了（+百分数）③decreasefrom...to...从……减少/降低到……④decreasein在……方面减少/降低⑤onthedecrease在减少，在下降典题赏析：1)Theysaythenumberofpenguinshasdecreased____________30%since1987.【湖南卷】2)Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreased____________210______________160thisyear.3)Thisspeciesofbirdisdecreasing______________numberseveryyear.4)Thepopulationinthiscountryis_______________thedecrease.28.denyvt.否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受；拒绝，拒绝给予；节制，克制(P48,L17)①denydoingsth.否认干某事②Thereisnodenyingthat...不可否认……③Therecanbenodenyingthat...不可否认……④Itcan’tbedeniedthat...不可否认……⑤denysb.sth.=denysth.tosb.拒绝给予某人某物；不允许某人拥有某物或做某事⑥denyoneself克制自己典题赏析：1)Hedeniedthemoney______________hisson.2)Ican’tdeny_______________weneedtodevotemoreresourcestothisproblem.3)_______________can’tbedeniedthatthishasbeenadifficultyearforthecompany.4)Thereisno______________(deny)thatquickeractioncouldhavesavedthem.5)Tomdenies_________________(break)thewindow.6)Hedenied________________(him)allpleasuresandluxuries.29.quantityn.数量；大量[c/u](P49,B2,L6)①alargequantityof+不可数名词/可数名词复数+动词单数注：有的语法书上说：alargequantityof+可数名词复数+动词复数②largequantitiesof+不可数名词/可数名词复数+动词复数③inquantity大量，大批(=inlargequantities)；在数量方面辨析：1)修饰可数名词复数的短语有：agreat/goodmanyalargenumberofquiteafewdozensof+名复+动复scoresofmany2)修饰不可数名词的短语有：agreat/gooddealofagreat/largeamountofquitealittle+不可数名词+动单much3)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的短语有：alotoflotsofplentyof+可数名词复数或不可数名词agreat/largequantityofgreat/largequantitiesof典题赏析：1)Alargequantityofmoney______________________(spend)inbringinguphischildreninthepastfewyears.2)Largequantitiesofmoney______________________(spend)inbringinguphischildreninthepastfewyears.3)Wegrowlarge_________________(quantity)ofpotatoesintheseareas.4)There_____________(be)onlyasmallquantityofflowersleftinthegarden.5)Itischeapertobuygoods___________quantity.30.spyvi.从事间谍活动vt.突然看见，发现n.间谍，密探[c](P49,B2,L12)①spyon暗中监视，窥探②spyout查明，了解清楚③spyouttheland摸清情况，窥察虚实典题赏析：1)He_____________forhisgovernmentformorethantenyears.他做过十多年的政府间谍。2)Inthedistance,we____________thePacificforthefirsttime.在远处，我们突然第一次看到了太平洋。3)Theywereaccusedof_________________arivalcompany.他们被指控监视公司竞争对手。4)Theyweretryingto_________________theenemy’sposition.他们正在设法查明敌人的位置。31.illegaladj.不合法的，非法的，违法的(反：legal)(P49,B2,L12)①Itisillegalforsb.todosth.对某人来说干某事是违法的。▲illegallyadv.不合法地，非法地，违法地典题赏析：1)Itis_____________（违法的）foreveryonetodrivewithoutalicence.2)Theywerecaughtsellingwildanimals______________（非法）.32.highlightn.最好/最精彩的部分[c](P51,L3)vt.突出，强调；使醒目，将……用彩笔作标记，将……增强亮度典题赏析：1)Thereport_____________（突出，强调）themajorproblemsfacingsocietytoday.2)Ihave______________（标出）theimportantpassagesinyellow.3)The_______________（最精彩的部分）ofthematchwillbeshownlaterthisevening.33.buryvt.埋藏；埋葬，安葬；覆盖；遮盖；使陷入(P51,L6)①bury...in/at...把……埋藏/埋葬在……②buryoneselfin/beburiedin埋头于，专心致志于③buryone’shead/facein...把头/脸埋在……④buryone’sheadinthesand自欺欺人；逃避现实▲burialn.埋葬[c/u]aburialground/service葬地/礼典题赏析：1)Heburiedhimself____________hisworkeveryday.2)Thehouse___________________(bury)undertenfeetofsnowlastnight.3)Hewalkedslowly,hishands_____________(bury)inhispockets.4)Intheeveningsheburied________________(he)inhisbooks.34.concludevt.&vi.断定，推断出；达成，订立；结束，终止(P51,L23)①conclude(…)withsth./bydoingsth.以……结束（……）②conclude…from…从……中得出……结论③toconclude最后④Itisconcludedthat…结论是……▲conclusionn.结论，推论；结束，结尾，结局，结果；签订，达成[c]⑤draw/reach/cometo/arriveataconclusion得出结论⑥jumptoconclusions匆忙下结论；贸然断定⑦jumptotheconclusionthat…匆忙下结论……；贸然断定……⑧bring…toaconclusion使……结束⑨inconclusion最后，总之▲concludingadj.结束的，最后的concludingspeech结束演讲，闭幕词concludingremark结束语典题赏析：1)Theeveningparty_______________________cheers.晚会在欢呼声中结束。2)He_______________________wishingeveryoneasafetriphome.他讲话结束时祝愿大家回家一路平安。3)Thosearethefacts;whatdoyouconclude____________them?4)Ihavecometotheconclusion____________heisnottherightpersonforthejob.5)___________conclusion,shewishedhercomradeseverysuccessintheirwork.6)Somepeoplejumpedhurriedlytothe___________(conclude)thatsomethingmustbewrong.35.justifiedadj.合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的(P51,L24)①bejustifiedindoingsth.干某事有正当理由的②right/leftjustified右/左侧对齐的▲justifyvt.证明……正确/正当/有理；对……作出解释，为……辩解；将（打印的字行）调整为边缘对齐③justifydoingsth.证明干某事是正当的/正确的④justifysth./oneselftosb.向某人为某事/自己解释/辩解▲justificationn.正当理由[c/u]⑤injustificationof解释，说明；为……辩护典题赏析：1)Shewasfullyjustified__________askingforhermoneyback.2)Idon’thavetojustifymyself___________youoranyoneelse.3)Nothingjustifies______________(make)suchamistake.4)AllIcansay______________________（为……辩解）heractionsisthatshewasundergreatpressureatwork.36.superiorityn.优越感；优越性，优势[u](P51,L25)①thesuperiorityof……的优越性②superiorityin在……方面的优势③superiorityto/over比……优越④anairofsuperiority神气活现的样子▲superioradj.更好的，占优势的；更高的(to)典题赏析：1)Thesettlersremainedconvincedoftheirsuperiority__________thenativepopulation.2)TheUShasabsolutesuperiority__________airpower.3)Janetalwaysspokewith_________________________（神气活现的样子）.37.at/in/totheforefrontof处于最前列，进入重要/主要地位(P53,L1)典题赏析：1)Ourcompanyhasalwaysbeen_________________________scienceandtechnology.我们公司在科技方面一直处于领先地位。2)Thecourtcasewasconstantly________________________mymind.这个诉讼案件一直萦系在我的心头。38.definitionn.定义[c]；释义，解释[c]；清晰度，鲜明度[u](P53,L4)①thedefinitionof……的定义②bydefinition根据定义，从定义上讲③lackdefinition缺乏清晰度，清晰度不够▲definiteadj.清楚的，明确的；确切的，确定的④bedefiniteabout对……很明确/肯定▲definitelyadv.确切地，肯定地▲definevt.给……下定义，解释；阐明，说明；界定；标明……界限⑤define...as...把……解释为/界定为……典题赏析：1)Amessagethatcan’tbeseenorheardis,__________________,noteffective.一个看不见、听不着的信息，根据定义来说是无效的。2)Thephotograph_____________________.这张照片缺乏清晰度。3)People_______thedictionary_______abookwhichgivesthedifferentmeaningsofwords.人们把字典定义为一本能给出词语的不同解释的书。4)Shewasverydefinite____________howshefelt.39.ahostof(=alargenumberof)许多，大量(P53,L12)典题赏析：1)Lifeisajourneywith___________________possibilities.生活是一场充满各种可能的旅行。40.engagevt.&vi.吸引住；雇佣，聘用；与……建立密切关系；参加，参与(P53,L17)①engageone’sinterest/attention吸引某人的兴趣/注意力②engagesb.todosth.雇佣/聘用某人干某事③engagesb.as...雇佣/聘用某人为……④engagewith与……建立密切关系⑤engagein参加，参入⑥engagesb.insth.使某人参加/入某事▲engagedadj.忙于，从事于；已订婚的；被占用的，电话占线的；使用中的⑦get/beengagedin/on忙于/从事于……⑧beengagedtosb.和某人订婚⑨beengaged被占用的，电话占线的；使用中的⑩beotherwiseengaged另外有约，另外有事▲engagementn.订婚，婚约；约定，约会[c]⑪breakoffone’sengagement解除婚约典题赏析：1)Thechild’sattention____________________（吸引）bythenewtoy.2)Theyare_____________(engage)intalkswiththegovernment.3)Ican’tgetthrough—theline__________________（占线的）4)Thewomanwhoisengaged______________mybrotherispretty.5)Eveninprison,hecontinuedtoengage____________criminalactivities.6)Shehasbrokenoffher_______________(engage)toCharles.7)Shehastheabilitytoengage______________youngpeople.8)Heiscurrentlyengaged______________aconsultant.9)Shetrieddesperatelytoengagehim____________conversation.10)Weareabletoengagelocalpeople______________(help)theorganization.二、重点句型：1.WhatifItoldyouthatdoctorscouldcreateavirtual“twin”inordertopractisedelicatesurgerybeforeattemptingitonthepatient?(P53,L24-26)如果我告诉你，医生可以创造一个虚拟的患者“双胞胎”，先进行精确的手术练习，然后才在病人身上做手术，你觉得怎么样？分析：句中whatif…的用法如下：1）表示对未来的假设，意为“如果……怎么办，要是……将会怎么样”，从句可以使用虚拟语气（用一般过去时或should＋v.）；也可以用陈述语气（用一般现在时）。Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren’tthatinterestedin?如果他们花很长时间谈论一幅你不感兴趣的画怎么办？Whatifitshouldrainheavilytomorrow?要是明天下大雨该怎么办？Whatifshefindsoutthatyou’velostherbook?如果她发现你把她的书丢了怎么办?2）表示邀请或建议，意为“如果……怎么样/如何？”。Whatifyoujoinusforlunch?同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？Whatifwemovedthesofaoverhere?Wouldthatlookbetter?要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？看上去会不会好一些？3）表示不重要，此时通常与so连用，意为“就算……那又怎样？”。Sowhatifwe’realittlelate?就算我们迟到一会儿那又怎样？Sowhatifnobodyelseagreeswithme?就算没有一个人赞成我的意见，那又怎么样？典题赏析：1)_______________Ishouldfailagain?万一再失败了，我该怎么办呢？2)_______________yourspearhitsagainstyourshield?如果用你的矛刺你的盾，结果会怎么样呢？3)_________________theyhavemyna