湖南省娄底市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题含解析

PAGEPAGE27湖南省娄底市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试题（含解析）第一部分：听力第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，请从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在答题卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowmanypeoplewillvisitNewYorkforfree?A.2 B.3 C.5【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I'msoexcited.M:anygoodnews?W:JimmyandIgotthechancetovisitNewYorkwithanotherthreepeopleforfree.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.SeeMr.Smith. B.Typetheletteragain. C.Checktheletter【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Ithinkyou'dbettertypethisletteragainbeforeMr.Smithseesit.W:Oh,dear!Isitasbadasthat?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What’swrongwithJane?A.Shehasn’treceivedhermother’sletter. B.Shemissesherhomeverymuch.C.Sheisworriedabouthermother’shealth.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:what'sthematterwithJane?Shehasbeensittingtheirforhours.W:aletterfromhermothermadeherfeelhomesick.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Learntoplaybaseball. B.Organizeabaseballteam. C.Findabaseballplayer.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:haveyouplayedbaseballbefore?Myhusbandsaystheirteamneedsonemoreplayer.M:notrealy.ButIlikeballgames,solbelieveitwilbefuntolearnbaseball.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatdoesSusanmean?A.Shehadadatethen. B.Shewillputoffthemeeting. C.Shedidn’thavetimetopreparethespeech.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Youshouldhavepreparedyourspeechforthemeeting,Susan.W:yes,Iknow.Buthowcouldlpreparewiththemeetingdatefiedsosoon?其次节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.WhydoesthewomancometoseeRick?A.Toaskforadvice. B.Tosaygoodbye. C.Toinvitehimtoherhome.7.Whichcountrywouldthewomanliketovisit?A.France. B.Canada. C.Germany.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Hello,Rick.I’vecometosaygoodbyetoyou.M:AreyougoingbacktoyourcountryCanada?W:NoI’lltravelinEuropewithmyparentsasthistermisover.IwanttogotoFrance.ButmyparentspreferGermany.We'travelfortwomonths.M:Wow,thewholesummervacation.Wishyouanenjoyableholiday.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.ThepopularityofEnglish. B.Thestudypressureonstudents.C.Attitudestowardslearningforeignlanguages.9.Whatpercentageofstudentsareforcedtolearnaforeignlanguage?A.About21% B.About27% C.About35%【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:Ireadareportonthepeoplewhocanuseaforeignlanguage,mainlyEnglish.M:Really?What'sitaboutW:It'smainlyaboutthedfferentattitudespeoplehavetowardstheforeignlanguagelearning.About27%ofthepeoplethinkaforeignlanguageisamustintheirdailylife.M:Ican'tagreemore.TherearemoreandmorepeoplelearningforeignlanguagesW:That'strue.About35%ofthepeoplearelearningorwillingtolearnaforeignlanguage.M:AsfarasI’mconcerned,manypeople,especiallystudents,areforcedtodosobecauseofexams.W:Yes,thataccountsfor21%.therearealsoabout15%ofthepeoplewhotakeforeignlanguagestobeuselessandtheytakenointerestingthematall.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatistheroomlike?A.Bigbutold. B.Smallbutnew. C.Bigandnew.11.Whatwillbearrangedfirst?A.Thebed. B.Thechairs. C.Thedressingtable.12.Wherewillthechairsbeput?A.Infrontofthefireplace. B.Closetothewindow. C.Behindthedressingtable.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【解析】【原文】W:Wehavegotourownhome.Itmustbewonderfultolivebyourselves.M:Ihavebeenlookingforwardtoitsincewegotmarried.W:HereIhaveadressingtableofmyown.M:Oh,theroomissosmall.Ithoughtitwouldbealotbigger.W:SodidI.Afterall,it’sanewone.It’sourownhouse.That’swhatreallymatters.Isthatright?Let’sputthechairsingfrontofthefireplace.M:Um,butweshouldfirstconsiderwheretoputthebed.Itisthebiggestpieceoffurniture.W:Well,let'sputitoverthere.Andthechairsnearthewindow.M:Allright.ThenyoucandrawandIcanreadbythewindow.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Husbandandwife. C.Guideandtourist.14Whereisthebank?A.Nexttothecoffeeshop. B.Attheendoftheroad. C.Oppositethemuseum15.Whatadvicedoesthemangivetothewoman?A.Eatinglesschocolate. B.Keepingthetableclean. C.Watchingoutforthetraffic.16.Howwillthespeakersgotothemuseum?A.Onfoot. B.Bybus. C.Bybike.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.A【解析】【原文】W:Dad,wherearewegoing?M:First,wewillgotothecitycenterandstopforsomethingtodrink.ThenwewillvisittheUniversityMuseum.W:Wherearewegoingtohaveadrink?M:Thereisacoffeeshoproundthecorner.Canyouseethatbigbuildingattheendoftheroad?W:Yeah,Icanseeit.M:Thatisabank.Thecoffeeshopisoppositethebank.W:Good.Iwillhavehotchocolate.M:Samantha,stop!Waitforthelightstoturngreen.Whencrossingtheroad,youmustalwayspayattentiontowhat'saroundyou.W:Sorry.Howfaristhemuseum?M:Onlythreestopsaway.Wecanwalkthere.Hereweare.YoufindusatableandI’llgetthedrinks.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhydidMurphygotoadoctor?A.Hethoughthiswifewasdeaf. B.Hewantedtogethishearingback.C.Hecouldn’tmakehimselfunderstood.18.WhatdidthedoctortellMurphytodo?A.Standabout15metersfromhiswife. B.Askhiswifesomeseriousquestions.C.Talktohiswifeindifferentdistances.19.WhatwashiswifedoingwhenMurphygotbackhome?A.WatchingTV. B.Settingthetable. C.Cooking.20.HowmanytimesdidMurphyaskhiswifethesamequestion?A.Twice. B.Fourtimes. C.Threetimes.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:Oneday,Murphywenttoadoctortotalkabouthiswife.Hesaidtothedoctor,"Doctor,Ithinkmywifeifdeafbecausesheneverhearsmethefirsttimeandlalwayshavetosaythingsagainandagain.""Well,"thedoctoranswered,"gohomeandstandabout15feetfromherandsaysomethingtoher.Ifshedoesn'tanswer,moveabout5feetcloserandsayitagain.Keepdoingthissothatwellgetanideaabouthowseriousherdeafnessis."Sureenough,Murphywenthomeanddidexactlyasthedoctortoldhim.Hestoodabout15feetfromhiswifeinthekitchenasshewascuttingsomevegetablesandsaid,"Betty,what'sfordinner?"Heheardnoanswer.Hemovedabout5feetcloserandaskedagain.Noanswer.Hemoved5feetcloserandaskedagain.Noanswer.Hegotfedupandmovedrightbehindher,aboutaninchaway,ndaskedagain"Betty,what’sfordinner?"Bettysaid,"That’sthefourthtimeyouaskedme.Theyaremeatballs."其次部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ACaves(洞窟)haveaprimaryappeal—theyholdthesecretstoourpastandaremysteriousinandofthemselves.●MammothCaveKentucky,USAThelongestcavesystemintheworldliesbeneaththeGreenRiverValleyinKentuckyandwhileover400milesofpassagewayshavebeenmapped,ithasyettobefullydiscovered.Thecomplexlimestonelabyrinth(石灰岩迷宫)wasdiscoveredbyhumans4,000yearsago.●BlueGrottoCapri,ItalyOnceusedasthepersonalswimmingholefortheRomanEmperorTiberius,thisextremelybrightseacaveisalmost200feetlongand82feetwide.Itsuniqueglowcomesfromthelightenteringthesmallopeningtotheoutside.●AvshalomCaveNatureReserveBeitShemesh,IsraelAlsoknownastheSoreqCaveNatureReserve,AvshalomisconsideredtobetheRosettaStoneofclimatehistoryintheEasternMediterraneanthroughthepackedstalactites(钟乳石)foundinthecave,someofwhichareover13feetlong,andareasoldas300,000years.●CaveoftheCrystalsNaica,MexicoThisuniquecavesysteminMexicocontainssomeofthelargestnaturalcrystals(水晶)everfound—thelongestofwhichis39feetlongand13feetthick.However,itisrarelyexploredduetologisticaldifficulties:itisextremelyhotduetoitslocationaboveavolcanicvent,andthehugecrystalsblockalsoblockthepassage.21Wheredoesthelongestcaveliein?A.Kentucky,USA. B.Capri,Italy.C.BeitShemesh,Israel. D.Naica,Mexico.22.Avshalomisfamousas.A.themostbeautifulcave. B.theSoreqCaveNatureReserve.C.theEmperor’sswimminghole. D.over400milesofpassageways.23.Whichcaveincludesthelargestnaturalcrystals?A.CaveoftheCrystals. B.BlueGrotto.C.MammothCave. D.AvshalomCaveNatureReserve.【答案】21.A22.B23.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了世界闻名的几大洞窟。【21题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章MammothCave部分内容：MammothCave,Kentucky,USAThelongestcavesystemintheworldliesbeneaththeGreenRiverValleyinKentucky…（美国肯塔基州猛犸洞，世界上最长的洞窟系统位于肯塔基州的绿河谷下面……）可知，世界上最长的洞窟是位于美国肯塔基州的猛犸洞窟。故选A项。【22题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章AvshalomCaveNatureReserve部分内容：AlsoknownastheSoreqCaveNatureReserve…（阿夫沙洛姆洞窟自然爱护区也被称为Soreq洞窟自然爱护区……）可知，阿夫沙洛姆洞窟自然爱护区以被称为称为Soreq洞窟自然爱护区而出名。故选B项。【23题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章CaveoftheCrystals部分内容：ThisuniquecavesysteminMexicocontainssomeofthelargestnaturalcrystalseverfound（墨西哥这个独特的洞窟系统包含了一些迄今为止发觉的最大的自然水晶）可知，最大的水晶在墨西哥的水晶洞里发觉。故选A项。BAroundfouryearsago,Ireceivedacallfromtheprincipalofourschoolastothe“ParentsView”talkthenextmorning.Heaskedmetospeaktothegroup.Afterthecall,mywholebodybecamefeverishandpanicky.Thetimefromhiscalltothenextmorningseemedlikeyears.Thewholenight,Icouldnotsleepwithmanyominousapprehensionsinmind.OneofthemwastocalltheprincipalwithregretandtellhimthatIcouldnotcome.Finally,Igatheredsomecourage.Ithought,“IfImissthisopportunity,surelytheschoolwillneverinvitemeagaintoanyoftheirprograms.”Ireachedtheschoolintime.Beforemyturncame,mywholebodywastrembling.WhenmyturncameandIstartedspeaking,myheartbeatincreasedandmymouthwentdry.Iwasn’tevenabletoreadthewrittenspeechproperly.IwasnotawareofwhereIwasstandingandwhatIwasreading.ThatwasthedaywhenIrealizedmybiggestweakness,PublicSpeaking.Aftermyspeech,Imetwiththeprincipalandexplainedwhathappenedtome.Hetoldmethatthishappenstoeveryone.Evengreatspeakersfacedthesamethingswhentheystarted.HesuggestedthatIcomeagainnexttime.Aroundonemonthlater,IwasinvitedtorefertoatopiconMotivation.ThistimeIwasfeelingcomfortable.Myspeechwasnotonlyappreciatedbytheprincipalaswellastheteachers,becauseIwasabletogetmyideaacrosstothem.Theyencouragedandpraisedmyefforts.Afterdeliveringsuccessfully,Ibecamemoreconfident.Isaidtomyself,“IfIcanspeakinfrontofsuchalearnedaudience,liketheprincipalwhoeducatesothers,Icannowspeakinfrontofotherstoo.”Istarteddeliveringlecturesinmyplan,onvarioustopicslikeSelfMotivation,PersonalityDevelopment,PersonalExcellence,SpokenEnglishandPresentationSkills.Thishasbecomeapassionforme.Ilearnedthateverythingispossibleifwehavethecouragetotakethefirststep.24.Whydidtheauthorhavebadfeelingsbeforethespeech?A.hefearedhecouldn'tperformitproperly.B.hehadgotahighfeverbeforethat.C.heregrettedacceptingtheinvitation.D.hedislikedtheideaofgivingalecture.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“ominousapprehensions”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.Unluckyopportunities. B.Curiousviews.C.Negativeideas. D.Happycomments.26.Whatcanweconcludefromthepassage?A.Necessityisthemotherofinvention.B.Nothingistobegotwithoutpainsbutpoverty.C.Knowledgemakeshumble,ignorancemakesproud.D.Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.27.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.PublicSpeakingMakesaManEmbarrassed.B.PrincipalProvidestheBestChances.C.PracticeMakesaManaBetterSpeechmaker.D.SpokenEnglishDevelopsinSpeeches.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者在做了两次演讲后，变得更有信念了，并到处演讲，因此练习能使一个人成为更好的演讲者。【24题详解】考查细微环节理解。依据文章第一段“Afterthecall,mywholebodybecamefeverishandpanicky.”以及“Finally,Igatheredsomecourage.”可知作者胆怯 自己会表现不好，故A项符合题意。【25题详解】考查词义揣测。依据文章第一段“Thewholenight,Icouldnotsleepwithmanyominousapprehensionsinmind.”可知由于作者胆怯 讲不好而无法入睡，因此想的都是消极的想法，故C项符合题意。【26题详解】考查推理推断。依据文章最终一段“Ilearnedthateverythingispossibleifwehavethecouragetotakethefirststep.”可知作者明白了只要英勇地迈出第一步，一切都会有可能，故D项符合题意。【27题详解】考查主旨大意。依据文章最终一段“Istarteddeliveringlecturesinmyplant,onvarioustopicslike…”可知，作者在做了两次演讲后，变得更有信念了，并到处演讲，因此练习能使一个人成为更好的演讲者，故C项符合题意。C“Ihadnointentiontoadoptacatthatday.Ijustlikedbeingaroundanimals.”Mirandasays.ButwhenshesawNalainhermetalcage,“WemadeeyecontactandIcouldn’tresist(抗拒)herbigblueeyes.”Atthatpoint,“Nalawassosmall.IaskedtheshelterifIcouldholdher.OnceIhadNalainmyarms,Nalalookedupatmeandlicked(舔)myface.”Andthatwaswhensheknewshehadtotakethiskittyhome.Still,MirandaneverimaginedNalawouldbecomeanInsta-star.“IstartedNala’sInstagramaccountin2012asawaytosharephotoswithmyclosefriendsandfamilyinThailand,”sheexplained.ThepossibilityofNalagainingattentionbeyondthatsmallgroupofpeoplehadn’toccurredtoheruntilithappened.Mirandasays,“EachtimeNala’sphotowasfeaturedonInstagram’spopularpage,heraccountwouldgain1,000newfollowers.”Fromthere,Nala’spopularitysnowballed.LargenationwidebrandsmessagedMirandaabouthiringNalatodoads.“Thistookusbysurprisebecausewecouldn’tbelievethatabigbrandwantedtopaythemtotakephotoswiththeirproductsnexttoNala”.Nalastartedlifeoutinashelter,justwaitingtobelovedlikemanyotheranimalsthatwereabandoned.Todaythatdreamhassurelycometrue.Nalahasover4millionfollowersonInstagram,whichearnedherthetitle“GuinnessWorldRecordsMostPopularCatonInstagram.”InadditiontomanagingherInstafame,Nalaisbeingaskedtotestvariouscatfoodbrands.Moreimportantly,“Nalaisourchancetosharethelovetohelpcreateabetterlifeforotheranimals,sotheycangrowwellandbringjoytotheworldlikeNalahas.”28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Visitstoashelter. B.Loveatfirstsight.C.Powerofblueeyes. D.Dutytoadoptcats.29.WhydidMirandaopenNala’sInstagramaccount?A.TomeetNala’sneeds. B.ToassistNalabeastar.C.ToshareNala’spictures. D.Toattractpublicattention.30.HowdidMirandafeelaboutNala’spopularity?A.Satisfied. B.Amazed.C.Upset. D.Disappointed.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thatdream”inparagraph4referto?A.Beingeagertobeloved.B.Startinglifeintheshelter.C.Gainingchancestoearnmoney.D.BeingraisedbyInstagramfans.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了一位宠爱小动物的女士Miranda收养的一只小猫娜娜，为了和挚友共享小猫的照片为其开通的网络账号，却意外的使这只小猫成为“网红”的事务。【28题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章第一段内容：“Ihadnointentiontoadoptacatthatday.Ijustlikedbeingaroundanimals.”Mirandasays.ButwhenshesawNalainhermetalcage,“WemadeeyecontactandIcouldn’tresistherbigblueeyes.”Atthatpoint,“Nalawassosmall.IaskedtheshelterifIcouldholdher.OnceIhadNalainmyarms,Nalalookedupatmeandlicked(舔)myface.”Andthatwaswhensheknewshehadtotakethiskittyhome.（“那天我没准备收养一只猫。我只是宠爱和动物在一起。”米兰达说。但当她看到娜娜在她的金属笼子里时，“我们进行了眼神沟通，我无法抗拒她蓝色的大眼睛。那时，“娜娜很小。”我问收容所能不能收留她。有一次我把娜娜抱在怀里，娜娜抬头看着我，舔我的脸。就在那时，她知道她必需把这只小猫带回家。）可知，本段主要讲解并描述了作者第一次见到小猫娜娜的时的情景，第一次的眼神沟通使作者宠爱上这只小猫并带回家收养。选项B.Loveatfirstsight.（一见钟情。）概括了这段讲解并描述，贴合本段主题。故选B项。29题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段第2句内容：“IstartedNala’sInstagramaccountin2012asawaytosharephotoswithmyclosefriendsandfamilyinThailand,”sheexplained.（她说明说:“2012年，我开通了娜娜的Instagram账号，与泰国的亲朋好友共享照片。”）可知，给娜娜开通网络账号是为了在泰国的好友共享它的照片。故选C项。【30题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章其次段第1句内容：Still,MirandaneverimaginedNalawouldbecomeanInsta-star.（尽管如此，米兰达从没想过娜娜会成为一个明星。）以及第三段第4句内容：“Thistookusbysurprisebecausewecouldn’tbelievethatabigbrandwantedtopaythemtotakephotoswiththeirproductsnexttoNala”.（“这让我们感到意外，因为我们无法信任一个大品牌情愿花钱请他们在娜娜旁边拍照。”）可知，对于娜娜如此受欢迎，米兰达是很惊讶的。故选B项。【31题详解】词义揣测题。依据划线短语“thatdream”所在句子，可知“thatdream”应指代前一句提及的内容：Nalastartedlifeoutinashelter,justwaitingtobelovedlikemanyotheranimalsthatwereabandoned.（娜娜是在一家动物收容所起先她的生活的，就像很多其他被遗弃的动物一样，她只是等待着被爱。）中的“waitingtobeloved”。故选A项。DLonelinesshasbeenlinkedtodepression(抑郁)andotherhealthproblems.Now,astudysaysitcanalsospread.Afriendofalonelypersonwasfifty-twopercentmorelikelytodevelopfeelingsofloneliness.Andafriendofthatfriendwastwenty-fivepercentmorelikelytodothesame.Earlierfindingsshowedthathappiness,obesity(肥胖)andtheabilitytostopsmokingcanalsospreadlikeinfectionswithinsocialgroups.ThefindingsallcomefromamajorhealthstudyintheAmericantownofFramingham,Massachusetts.Thestudybeganin1948toinvestigatethecausesofheartdisease.Sincethen,moretestshavebeenadded,includingmeasuresoflonelinessanddepression.ThenewfindingsinvolvedmorethanfivethousandpeopleinthesecondgenerationoftheFraminghamHeartStudy.Theresearchersexaminedfriendshiphistoriesandreportsofloneliness.Theresultsestablishedapatternthatspreadaspeoplereportedfewerclosefriends.Forexample,lonelinesscanaffectrelationshipsbetweennext-doorneighbors.Thelonelinessspreadsasneighborswhowereclosefriendsnowspendlesstimetogether.Thestudyalsofoundthatlonelinessspreadsmoreeasilyamongwomenthanmen.Theaveragepersonissaidtoexperiencefeelingsoflonelinessaboutforty-eightdaysayear.Thestudyfoundthathavingalonelyfriendcanaddaboutseventeendays.Buteveryadditionalfriendcandecreaselonelinessbytwoandahalfdays.Lonelypeoplebecomelessandlesstrustingofothers.Thismakesitmoreandmoredifficultforthemtomakefriends—andmorelikelythatsocietywillreject(排斥)them.JohnCacioppoattheUniversityofChicagoledthestudy.Hesaysitisimportanttorecognizeanddealwithloneliness.Hesayspeoplewhohavebeenpushedtotheedgesofsocietyshouldreceivehelptorepairtheirsocialnetworks.32.Asanaverageperson,ifyoumake2morecommonfriends,howmanydaysayearmightyousufferfromloneliness?A.48days B.43days C.65days D.17days33.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageaboutlonelypeople?A.TheycanovercomelonelinessthemselvesB.Theywilldecreaselonelinessdaybyday.C.TheyneedhelptogetbacktonormalsociallifeD.Theycanhelpotherstorepairtheirsocialnetworks34.What'sthebestwaytohelplonelypeopleaccordingtothispassage?A.Bringthemtogether. B.Makefriendswiththem.C.Helpthemstopsmoking. D.Helpthemloseweight35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethetopicofthepassage?A.Lonelinessandsocialnetwork B.SocialNetworksandfriendshipC.Lonelinessanddiet. D.HelpALonelyPerson【答案】32.B33.C34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇争论文。孤独影响挚友、邻里等社会关系，一项调查探讨的数据说明孤独和挚友之间的关系：越孤独就越有可能被社会排斥，多交挚友可以削减孤独。【32题详解】计算题。由倒数第三段第一句可知一个一般人一年有48天会感到孤独，第三句内容可知增加两位一般挚友可让一个人孤独的时间削减5天，所以答案是B。【33题详解】推理推断题。由最终一段最终一句可知，孤独的人须要帮助，且倒数第三段最终一句指出，多交挚友可以削减人们的孤独，故孤独的人更须要友情，因此可推知答案为C项。【34题详解】推理推断题。由倒数第三段最终一句"Buteveryadditionalfriendcandecreaselonelinessbytwoandahalfdays．每增加一个挚友可削减孤独两天半"推断多交挚友会削减孤独；倒数其次段最终一句也可推知帮助孤独者最好的方法是与他们交挚友。故选B。【35题详解】主旨大意题。第一段点明白本文的主题：孤独影响挚友、邻里等社会关系，并且文章利用一项调查探讨的数据说明孤独和挚友之间的关系：越孤独就越有可能被社会排斥，多交挚友可以削减孤独。故选A。【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如争论文中找寻表达作者观点看法的词句，记叙文找寻概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。本文是一篇调查探讨，通常第一段就点名明白主题。本题第4小题，第一段点明白本文的主题：孤独影响挚友、邻里等社会关系，并且文章利用一项调查探讨的数据说明孤独和挚友之间的关系：越孤独就越有可能被社会排斥，多交挚友可以削减孤独。故选A。其次节依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,有两个选项为多余选项。Itiswarwithoutguns,bombs,orsmoke.newcoronavirus(新冠肺炎),adeadlydisease,breaksoutallovertheworld.Morethan2.7millionpresentconfirmedcasesarereportedrecently,WHOsays,addingthatthecaseshaveresultedinmorethan325thousanddeaths.Whatshouldyoudotokeepyourselffromthisvirus?____36____1.Cleanhandswithsoapandwateroralcohol-basedhandrub.Itisquitenecessarytocleanyourhandswithsoapandwatercompletelyforatleast20secondsbeforeyouhavemealsandafterusingthetoilet,especiallyafteryoureturnhome.Ifyouarenotcarefulenoughtocontactwithanimalsordealwithanimalwastes,you’dbetterwashyourhandswithalcohol-basedrub.____37____sothisisveryimportant.2.____38____Whenitcomestohuman-to-humantransmission(传播)oftheviruses,itoftenhappenswhensomeonecomesintocontactwithaninfected(受感染的)person’ssecretions(分泌物),suchasdroplets(飞沫)incough.Therefore,whenyoucoughorsneeze,youshouldcoveryourmouthandnosewithatissue,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve,butavoidcoveringwithyourhandsdirectly.3.Wearmasks.Wearingmaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin.____39____ifyouarenotfeelingwellorhavesymptomsoffever.4.Takeexerciseregularly.____40____Itcanstrengthenyourheartandensuretheefficientflowofbloodthroughoutthebody.Besides,itcanalsoimproveyouimmunesystem,tosomedegreemakingithelpfultogetawayfromthevirusesandillnessesComeon!Moveyourbody,andyouwillbecomestrongerandstronger.Allinall,ifyouhavesymptomsoffeverandrespiratoryinfection,youmustseekimmediatemedicalattention.A.Amaskisalsoneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggermstoothers.B.Takingexerciseregularlyisoneofthemostimportantwaystostayawayfromthevirus.C.Herearesomesuggestionsyoucanfollowinyourdailylife.D.Youshouldgetupearly.E.Animalsareverydangerous.F.Virusescanspreadfromhumancontactwithanimals.G.Covernoseandmouthwhilecoughingandsneezing.【答案】36.C37.F38.G39.A40.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者针对如何避开感染新冠病毒这一问题，给出了一些建议。【36题详解】依据上文Whatshouldyoudotokeepyourselffromthisvirus?（你应当怎么做才能避开感染这种病毒?）可知这里提出一个问题，该空承接上文，提出解决方案，结合下文，给出了四条建议，C选项“以下是一些你可以在日常生活中遵循的建议”切题，故选C。【37题详解】依据上文Ifyouarenotcarefulenoughtocontactwithanimalsordealwithanimalwastes,you’dbetterwashyourhandswithalcohol-basedrub.（假如你不当心接触动物或处理动物粪便，你最好用含酒精的洗手液洗手）可知这里提到了与动物接触的问题。下文sothisisveryimportant.说这是特别重要的，该空与下文形成因果关系，F选项“病毒可以通过人与动物接触而传播”，选项中的animals对应上文中的animals，故选F。【38题详解】该空是段落小标题，依据下文Whenitcomestohuman-to-humantransmission(传播)oftheviruses,itoftenhappenswhensomeonecomesintocontactwithaninfected(受感染的)person’ssecretions(分泌物),suchasdroplets(飞沫)incough.Therefore,whenyoucoughorsneeze,youshouldcoveryourmouthandnosewithatissue,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve,butavoidcoveringwithyourhandsdirectly.（说到人与人之间的病毒传播，通常发生在人们接触感染者的分泌物时，比如咳嗽时的飞沫。因此，当你咳嗽或打喷嚏时，应用纸巾捂住口鼻，或对着袖子咳嗽或打喷嚏，但避开干脆用手捂住）可知这一段主要讲了打喷嚏或咳嗽的时候要捂住口鼻，G选项“咳嗽和打喷嚏时要掩口鼻”切题，故选G。【39题详解】依据上文Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningupthenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin.（拧紧鼻夹，把它的底部拉到下巴上，确保正确佩戴）可知这里提到了正确佩戴口罩的问题。依据下文ifyouarenotfeelingwellorhavesymptomsoffever.说假如你感觉不舒适或有发烧的症状，该空对生病戴口罩的缘由进行了说明，A选项“戴口罩也可以防止病菌传染给他人”切题，选项中的Amask对应本段标题中masks，故选A。【40题详解】依据本段标题Takeexerciseregularly.（定期熬炼）可知这里讲到了熬炼的问题，依据下文Itcanstrengthenyourheartandensuretheefficientflowofbloodthroughoutthebody.（它可以增加你的心脏，确保血液在全身的有效流淌）可知这里说了熬炼的好处，该空引出下文，B选项“常常熬炼是远离病毒最重要的方法之一”，选项中的Takingexerciseregularly与标题相呼应，故选B。第三部分完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。Mythree-year-oldsonNathan,wasdiggingthesandtobuildacastle.AlthoughIwarnedhimit’dbe____41____,heinsistedonbuildingitinthepathofeverysinglewavethatwould___42___ontheshore.Isighed,figuringtheonlywaytomakehim___43___wastodoashelikedandlethimseewhatwouldhappen.Ionlyhopedhewouldn’tbetoo____44____whenthatfirstwavedestroyedhis_____45_____Butwhenthewatercameandwashedawayhiscastle,hejumpedupanddownandclappedhishands.“That’sgreat!Let’sdoitagain!”Ididn’tknowhowhecould___46___seeinghisfruitoflaborruined.“Isitreallyfunwhenthewaveswashawaythe_____47_____?”“Yes,“hesaid.Lookingathim,Ithoughtaboutmy______48______athome.NothingIdidthereeverseemedto____49____.Iprepareddinners,whichtenminutesafteriplacedthemonthetablewerecompletelyconsumed.Imoppedfloorsonlytoseesomeone______50______themontheirfirsttripinfromthebackyard.Mylifewasjustonenever-endingto-dolist.JustlikethesandcastlesNathanbuilt,allmy_____51_____werewashedawaybyagiantwavecalledFamilyLife.NothingIdidlastedbeyondthemoment.Becauseofthis,Ioftenstruggledfeeling______52______.IwonderedifthethingsIdidcounted.AndifnothingIdidmattered,thatmeantthatIdidn’tmatter.ButasIwatchedmychild______53______inthesandhappily,IrealizedthatI’mbuildingsomething_______54_______.Somethingthatwilllastforever.I’m______55______afamily.41.A.Takenapart B.washedaway C.clearedup D.dugout42.A.crash B.dance C.float D.appear43.A.understand B.regret C.refuse D.struggle44.A.angry B.frightened C.surprised D.upset45.A.future B.creation C.world D.gift46A.imagine B.stand C.avoid D.gift47.A.tools B.clothes C.shoes D.castles48.A.pet B.item C.life D.plan49.A.last B.happen C.help D.exist50.A.empty B.dirty C.narrow D.dry51.A.tears B.worries C.feelings D.efforts52.A.confused B.fancy C.competitive D.unfair53.A.lying B.digging C.rolling D.sleeping54.A.actual B.slight C.important D.formal55.A.protecting B.designing C.building D.creating【答案】41.B42.A43.A44.D45.B46.B47.D48.C49.A50.B51.D52.A53.B54.C55.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的儿子在沙滩建城堡被海浪冲走的故事，作者联想到了自己为家庭所付出的一切，意识到自己做的事情很重要，因为他在建立一个家庭。【41题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管我警告过他，它会被冲走，但他坚持要在每一个可能撞击海岸的海浪经过的地方建立它。A.takenapart拆开；B.washedaway冲走，洗掉；C.clearedup清除；D.dugout挖出。依据第1空前的“Mythree-year-oldson.Nathan,wasdiggingthesandtobuildacastle.”和“AlthoughIwarnedhim”可知，用沙子建立的城堡会被水冲走。故选B。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我警告过他，它会被冲走，但他坚持要在每一个可能撞击海岸的海浪经过的地方建立它。A.crash碰撞，坠毁；B.dance跳舞；C.float漂移；D.appear出现。此处指海浪会“碰撞”海岸。故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我叹了口气，心想让他明白的唯一方法就是按他宠爱的去做，让他看看会发生什么。A.understand明白，理解；B.regret懊悔；C.refuse拒绝；D.struggle挣扎，努力，奋斗。依据第3空后的“todoashelikedandlethimseewhatwouldhappen.”可知，作者想让儿子“明白”。故选A。【44题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只希望第一波浪潮毁掉他的作品时，他不会太懊丧。A.angry生气的；B.frightened感到胆怯 的；C.surprised感到惊讶的；D.upset心烦的。依据第4空后的“whenthatfirstwavedestroyed”可知，儿