辽宁省鞍山市2023-2024学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题 含解析

2023—2024学年度下学期期中考试高一英语（A）时间：120分钟满分：150分考试范围：必二第5单元至必修三第3单元第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Findaspecialgift. B.GiveMary$100. C.Askotherpeople.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:HowmuchdoyouthinkIshouldgiveMaryasagraduationgift?M:Ithinkyoushouldgiveher$100.That’showmucheveryoneelseisgiving.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatgiftdidJennyget？A.Someflowers. B.Asilkdress. C.Ascarf.【答案】C【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomangivetheman？A.Somecakes. B.Therecipeforthecakes. C.Somebooks.【答案】B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandofirst?A.Finishthepaper. B.Seehisparents. C.Seetheprofessor.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:You’renotfinishedwithyourpaperyet?Whatareyougoingtodo?M:I’llgotoseetheprofessorandaskifIcangetpermissiontohanditinlaterThat’stheonlythingIcandorightnow.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydidsomepeoplehandinthepaperearly？A.Theyfinisheditinashorttime.B.Theycouldn'tanswerthequestions.C.Theyhadotherimportantthingstodo.【答案】B【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Dosomecleaning. B.Dosomecooking. C.Getagiftforhismother.7.Howdoesthemanfeelatlast?A.Angry. B.Crazy. C.Sorry.【答案】6A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Pleasehurryupanddosomecleaningaroundhere.W:Whyme?Icleanasmuchasyoudo.M:No,youdon’t!W:Kevin,calmdownplease.Let’stalkaboutthis.M:No,Iwon’tcalmdown.W:Comeon.I’llhelpyouclean.M:Fine.I’msorryIgotangry.YouknowmymumiscomingsoonandIdon’twantthisplacetolooklikeamess.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdidthewomandojustnow?A.Shecollectedsomemoney. B.Shefinishedacyclerace. C.Shetookalonghotbath.9.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Areporter. B.Aracer. C.Abankclerk.【答案】8.B9.A【解析】【原文】M:Now,Lily.You’vehadafewminutestorest.Canyoutellussomethingaboutyourself?Howoldareyouandwhatdoyoudo?W:I’m23andI’mabankclerk.M:Abankclerk!Soyou’reusedtocollectingmoney.Whotaughtyoutocycle?W:Nobody.Itaughtmyself.I’vebeencyclingsinceIwas5.M:Andwhoboughtyouthatbeautifulracingcycleforyou?W:Iboughtitmyself.Iworkedovertime.M:Goodforyou!Andwhatareyougoingtodonow?W:Now?Ifyoumeanthisminute,I’mgoingtohavealonghotbath.M:Youmustneedsomerelaxing.Again,congratulations.ThatwasLilyJames,winnerofthisyear’sLondontoBrightoncyclerace.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Howdidthespeakersknoweachother?A.Theywereclassmates.B.Theywerebusinesspartners.C.Theymeteachothertwomonthsago.11.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At10:00a.m.tomorrow. B.At3:00p.m.tomorrow. C.Itisnotdecided.12.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Makeacall. B.Haveameeting. C.Writesomethingdown.【答案】10.C11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,Adamsspeaking.Whoiscalling?W:Goodmorning,Mr,Adams.ThisisAlice.M:Alice?W:Yes.WemetatMr.Green’sofficetwomonthsago.Doyouremember?M:Oh,yes.Iremembernow.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Well,Mr.Adams,I’dliketodosomebusinesswithyourcompany.SoIwaswonderingifIcouldcomeandmeetyouat10:00a.m.tomorrowM:I’mafraidIhaveanotherappointmentatten.W:Wellthen,howabout3:00p.m.tomorrow?M:Idon’tthinkso.Whydon’tIcallyouback?W:Oh,that’sverykindofyou.WhencanIexpectyourcall?M:Maybeinaweekorso.Ihaveameetingrightnow.Thankyouforcalling.Goodbye.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatdidthemanthinkofthemovie?A.Interesting. B.Toolong. C.Funny.14.Whatkindofmoviewillthespeakerswatchnexttime?A.Ascarymovie. B.Awarmovie. C.Aromanticcomedy.15.Wheredoesthewomanwanttositnexttime?A.Neartheback. B.Inthecenter. C.Inthefront.16.WhenwillthespeakersmeetonFriday?A.At6:00p.m. B.At7:00p.m. C.At8:00p.m.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.A【解析】【原文】M:Howdidyouenjoythemovie?W:Ithoughtitwasinteresting.Sometimesabitviolent.Howaboutyou?M:Ifellasleep!W:Oh.Soyoudidn’tlikeit?M:Idon’treallyunderstandwhyfilmshavetobesolongthesedays.Itwasjustafilmaboutprions,anditwastwoandahalfhourslong!W:Yes,Iseeyourpoint.M:Ilostinterestabouthalfwaythrough.W:Well,nexttimewe’llhavetogoandseeashortermovie!M:Nexttime?GreatIlovegoingtothemovies.When?W:Let’sseewhat’son.Oh,there’saromanticcomedyon.M:That’sagoodmovieforadate!W:Alright,whydon’tweseeitonFridaynight?M:Wheredoyouwanttosit?W:Neartheback.Notinthecenter.M:OK,done.I’llpickyouupat6:00p.m.Themoviestartsat8:00p.m.Weshouldhaveplentyoftimetohavedinner.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhatdidthespeakergotoLondonfor？A.Toworkthere. B.Tohaveaholiday. C.Tovisitafriend.18.InwhichseasondidthespeakergotoLondon？A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Autumn.19.WhatdidthespeakerlikemostinLondon？A.Thewonderfulplays.B.Thedeliciousfood.C.Thebeautifulscenery.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk？A.It'snecessarytotakeanumbrellainLondon.B.ThespeakerwillgotoLondonagainthisyear.C.MostoftherestaurantsinLondononlyofferEnglishfood.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAfteralongwinter,springistheidealtimeforsightseeingandexploringLondon’sgreenspaces.ExploreLondon’sparksandgardensSpringtimeisoneoftheperfecttimesofyeartoexploreLondon’sparksandgardens,whenthecity’sRoyalParkswillbebloomingwithflowers.Goandadmiretherainbowofazaleas(杜鹃花)atRichmondParkorhireadeckchairinStJames’sParkwithaviewofBuckinghamPalace.Enjoyentertainments(娱乐活动)ataspringfestivalThereareagoodmanyfestivalsandeventsheldinLondonthroughoutspring.MakethemostoftheculturalexhibitionsattheBritishLibrarySpringFestival,theSundanceFilmFestivalortheLondonLiteratureFestival;headtoShakespeare’sGlobe,whichhostsopen-airShakespeareperformancesfromlateApriltoearlyOctober.GetactiveWarmerweathermeansthere’snoexcuseforstayingindoors,sogoforawalkingorcyclingtourofLondon.Alternatively(或者),walktheThamesPath,whichfollowstheriverallthewayfromcentralLondontothecountryside;makethemostofLondon’sBorisBikes,whichareavailableforhireallaroundthecityandarefreeofchargeforthefirsthalfhour.Ifyou’rereallylookingforachallenge,signupforthefamousLondonMarathon,heldannuallyinApril.TaketothewatersWhethercruising(乘船游览)alongtheRiverThames,hiringarowingboatinHydeParkorridingacanalboataroundLittleVenice,therearelotsoffunwaystogetoutonthewaterinLondon.Heldeveryyearsince1829,theOxfordandCambridgeBoatRaceallowsteamsfromEngland’smostfamousuniversitiestocompeteagainsteachother,anddrawshugecrowdsofpeopletowatch.21.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.YoucanseeBuckinghamPalacefromStJames’sPark.B.London’BorisBikesarefreetouseforawholeday.C.OutdoorShakespeareperformancesareheldonlyinspring.D.TheOxfordandCambridgeBoatRacehasahistoryofover200years.22.IfyouareinterestedinBritishculture,youareadvisedto__________.A.visitRichmondPark B.rowaboatinHydeParkC.attendthefestivalsinLondon D.walktheThamesPath23.Accordingtothewriter,whichofthefollowingactivitieschallengesyoumost?A.WatchingtheBoatRace. B.JoiningintheLondonMarathon.C.CruisingalongtheRiverThames. D.CyclingaroundLondon.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在伦敦春游的一些活动。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据ExploreLondon’sparksandgardens中的“Goandadmiretherainbowofazaleas(杜鹃花)atRichmondParkorhireadeckchairinStJames’sParkwithaviewofBuckinghamPalace.(去里士满公园欣赏彩虹般的杜鹃花，或者在圣詹姆斯公园租一张躺椅，俯瞰白金汉宫。)”可知，从圣詹姆斯公园可以看到白金汉宫。故选A。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Enjoyentertainments(娱乐活动)ataspringfestival中的“MakethemostoftheculturalexhibitionsattheBritishLibrarySpringFestival,theSundanceFilmFestivalortheLondonLiteratureFestival;headtoShakespeare’sGlobe,whichhostsopen-airShakespeareperformancesfromlateApriltoearlyOctober.(充分利用大英图书馆春节、圣丹斯电影节或伦敦文学节的文化展览;前往莎士比亚环球剧院，那里每年4月底到10月初都会举办露天莎士比亚演出。)”可知，如果你对英国文化感兴趣，你可以参加在伦敦举行的节日，故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据Getactive中的“Ifyou’rereallylookingforachallenge,signupforthefamousLondonMarathon,heldannuallyinApril.(如果你真的想要挑战，那就报名参加每年四月举行的著名的伦敦马拉松。)”可知，参加伦敦马拉松最具有挑战性。故选B。B17-year-oldKenanPalahasawealthofexperienceindealingwithhomelessnessandhelpingthoseinneed.TheRanchoBernardostudentbecameoneofthe17youngadultsappointed(任命)tothenewlyrevamped(改进的)SanDiegoYouthCommissionbyMayorToddGloriain2021.“BeingontheCommissionisveryimportantandit’sanexcitingnewstageformyworkinthecommunity,”Palasaid.PalastartedKids4Communityin2017.Thegroupworkswithlocalcharitiesandvolunteerorganizationstoencouragechildren5anduptodocharitywork.Sincethebeginning,amajorfocusofKids4Communityhasbeentohelpthehomeless.Thegroupmeetsregularlytoprovidemealservicesandcarepackages(包裹)tothehomelessandthoseinneed.Palasaidhisinterestinhelpingotherscomesfromtheexamplesetbyhisparents.“MyparentsmovedherefromTurkeyin1998.Lifewasreallyhardatfirst,butmyparentssaidtheygotalotofhelpfromtheSanDiegocommunity.Theytriedveryhardtogivebackwheneverandwhereverhelpwasneeded,”hesaid.PalaisalsochairoftheLuckyDucklingsYouthAdvisoryBoard,partoftheLuckyDuckFoundation,anothercharitywiththemissionofdrivingyouthparticipationincommunityissues,particularlyinhelpingtodealwiththeissueofhomelessyouth.TheyoungmanhasjustbeenadmittedtoYaleUniversity.AtYale,heplanstomajorineconomicsorbusiness,becausepersonalfundsandprivateequity(私募股权)areallhisinterests.“Iwanttopursue(追求)acareerpath,butlinkitwithmycommunityandsocialwork,”hesaid.Meanwhile,PalasaidtheCommissionmembershavealreadybeencommunicatingwitheachotherthroughemail,andheisveryexcitedtoworkwithlike-mindedpeoplewhowanttomakeadifference.24.WhatdidKenanPaladoin2021?A.Hesetuphisfirstcharityorganization.B.HemovedtoSanDiegowithhisparents.C.HestartedtoworkwithSanDiegoYouthCommission.D.HeenteredYaleUniversitymajoringinsocialscience.25.WhatcanwelearnaboutKids4Community?A.Itwassetupmorethansevenyearsago.B.ItwascreatedbyKenanPalaandToddGloria.C.Itencourageschildrentogetinvolvedincharity.D.Itoffershomelesspeoplefoodandjobopportunities.26.Paladevelopedaninterestincharitywork________.A.afterreceivinghelpfromhisneighborsB.fromseeingwhathisparentshadbeendoingC.afterworkingwiththeLuckyDuckFoundationD.bylearningfromthelovingcommunityhelivedin27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“link”meaninparagraph7?A.Connect. B.Compare. C.Share. D.Replace.【答案】24.C25.C26.B27.A【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。KenanPala自幼热衷于慈善事业，并在2017年创立了自己的慈善组织，为无家可归的人提供帮助。近期，他又开启了自己慈善事业的新篇章。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“TheRanchoBernardostudentbecameoneofthe17youngadultsappointedtothenewlyrevampedSanDiegoYouthCommissionbyMayorToddGloriain2021(2021年，市长托德·格洛里亚任命了17名年轻人加入新成立的圣地亚哥青年委员会，这名兰乔·贝尔纳多学生就是其中之一)”可知，Pala在2021年成为了圣地亚哥青年委员会的一员，故选C项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thegroupworkswithlocalcharitiesandvolunteerorganizationstoencouragechildren5anduptodocharitywork(该组织与当地慈善机构和志愿者组织合作，鼓励5岁及以上的儿童从事慈善工作)”可知，该组织鼓励孩子们参与慈善工作，故选C项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Palasaidhisinterestinhelpingotherscomesfromtheexamplesetbyhisparents(帕拉说，他对帮助他人的兴趣来自于父母树立的榜样)”以及“myparentssaidtheygotalotofhelpfromtheSanDiegocommunity.Theytriedveryhardtogivebackwheneverandwhereverhelpwasneeded(我父母说他们从圣地亚哥社区得到了很多帮助。无论何时何地需要帮助，他们都尽力给予回报)”可知，Pala的父母热衷慈善事业，他受父母感染也爱帮助他人,故选B项。【27题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文“Iwanttopursue(追求)acareerpath(我想走职业道路)”以及下文“withmycommunityandsocialwork(……我的社区和社会工作)”可知，Pala热爱慈善工作，同时又想将来从事自己喜欢的职业。因此可推断，他希望将来自己的职业能跟他的社会服务工作联系起来。link意为“联系；相关联”，故选A项。CAnunpleasantsmellfloatedintomynoseasthebowloffriedstinkytofusettledontomygrandmother’sdinnertable.Iimmediatelysatback.ThesmellruinedmyappetiteandIpushedthedishaway.“It’ssupposedtostink.Justgiveitatry!”mygrandmothersaid.Holdingmybreath,Iunwillinglytookabite.Tomysurprise,thetofubeneaththefriedskinwaswarm,soft,andmouthwatering.Thus,stinkytofubecamemorethanahouseholdtradition.Itbecamemyfavoritedish.Alongwiththestinkytofu,IwouldmeetmyUncleChanoneveryvisit.Asanimmatureboy,Ineverunderstoodmyuncle’sconditionofDownsyndrome(唐氏综合征).Hewasanunfriendlyandterriblecreatureinmyeyes.Heconstantlywalkedaroundthehouse,talkingtohimself.Wheneverhewaswithinview,Iwouldrunawayinfear.However,oneday,myviewofmyunclesuddenlychanged.IwasjustgettingoutofmybedwhenIheardsoftstepsapproaching.Itwasmyuncle.Mymusclesfroze.Heslowlysatnexttomeandtouchedmyfacegently,asamotherwouldstroke(抚摸)ababy.Awidesmileemergedfromhisblankexpression.Howbeautifulhissmilewas!Icouldnothelpbutsmileback.Myfeardisappearedgradually,andmymusclesrelaxed.Myuncleverymuchresemblesstinkytofu.Stinkytofusmellsunpleasantontheoutside,yetfeelswarmandsoftintheinside.Likestinkytofu,myuncle’sDownsyndromemademekeepmydistanceatfirst.Yet,Ilearnedthatdeepinside,heisharmlessandhasalovingnature.Theoutsideandinsideofthestinkytofuexistastwoextremelydifferentworlds.Perhapsthatiswhatmakesitsuchatastydish.Notonlyisitdelicious,stinkytofuoffersavaluablelesson:neverjudgepeopleatfirstglance,fortruebeautycomesfromtheinside.28.Whydidstinkytofubecometheauthor’sfavoritedish?A.Itwasrelatedtofamilytradition. B.Itturnedouttobequitedelicious.C.Grandmaencouragedhimtotryit. D.Hisappetiteforfoodhadincreased.29.Theauthor’sattitudetowardsUncleChanchangedwhen________.A.Chan’sfootstepswokeuptheauthorB.ChanshowedhisfriendlinesstotheauthorC.ChandisplayedhislovetowardshismotherD.Chan’sblankexpressionmadetheauthorsmile30.Whatispurposeincomparinghisuncletostinkytofu?A.TohighlightthenatureofUncleChan B.ToanalyzethefamilyrelationshipC.Todescribeachildhoodmemory D.TointroduceatraditionalChinesefood31.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinthepassage?A.Weshouldn’tjudgebyappearances. B.Aperson’stastechangesovertime.C.Bloodisthickerthanwater. D.Youarewhatyoueat.【答案】28.B29.B30.A31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者通过讲述吃臭豆腐和对患有唐氏综合征的叔叔他的态度转变的经历告诉我们不能用表面判断一个人，因为真正的美是发自内心的。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Tomysurprise,thetofubeneaththefriedskinwaswarm,soft,andmouthwatering.Thus,stinkytofubecamemorethanahouseholdtradition.Itbecamemyfavoritedish.”（令我惊讶的是，炸皮下面的豆腐是温暖的，柔软的，令人垂涎。因此，臭豆腐不仅仅是一种家庭传统。它成了我最喜欢的菜。）可知，臭豆腐成为作者最喜欢的一道菜是因为它很好吃。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Heslowlysatnexttomeandtouchedmyfacegently,asamotherwouldstroke(抚摸)ababy.”（他慢慢地坐在我旁边，轻轻地抚摸着我的脸，就像母亲抚摸婴儿一样。）以及“Myfeardisappearedgradually,andmymusclesrelaxed.”（我的恐惧渐渐消失了，我的肌肉也放松了。）可知，当陈叔叔对作者表示友好时，作者对他的态度发生了变化。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Myuncleverymuchresemblesstinkytofu.Stinkytofusmellsunpleasantontheoutside,yetfeelswarmandsoftintheinside.Likestinkytofu,myuncle’sDownsyndromemademekeepmydistanceatfirst.Yet,Ilearnedthatdeepinside,heisharmlessandhasalovingnature.”（我叔叔很像臭豆腐。臭豆腐外面闻起来很难闻，但里面却很温暖柔软。就像臭豆腐一样，我叔叔的唐氏综合症一开始让我和他保持距离。然而，我了解到，在内心深处，他是无害的，有一个爱的本性。）可推知，作者把叔叔比作臭豆腐是为了突出陈叔叔的本性。故选A项。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Notonlyisitdelicious,stinkytofuoffersavaluablelesson:neverjudgepeopleatfirstglance,fortruebeautycomesfromtheinside.”（臭豆腐不仅美味，还给我们上了宝贵的一课：永远不要第一眼就对人做出判断，因为真正的美是发自内心的。）可知，本文作者想以臭豆腐和叔叔的故事告诉我们不要以貌取人，心里美才是真的美。故选A项。DInastudypublishedinNatureCommunications,researchersfromtheUniversityofZurichtold50peoplethey’dbereceivingabout$100.Halfofthepeoplewereaskedtospendthatmoneyonthemselves,andhalfwereaskedtospenditonsomeonetheyknew.Beforegivingoutanymoney,theresearchersbroughteveryoneintothelabandaskedthemtothinkaboutafriendthey’dliketogiveagifttoandhowmuchtheywouldspend.TheythenperformedfunctionalMRIscans(扫描)togettoknowactivityinthreepartsofthebrainrelatedtosocialbehavior,generosity,happinessanddecision-making.Theirchoices—andtheirbrainactivity—seemedtodependonhowtheyhadpromisedtospendthemoneyearlier.Thosewhohadpromisedtospendmoneyonotherpeopletendedtomakemoregenerousdecisionsthroughouttheexperiment(实验).Theyalsohadmoreinteractionbetweenthepartsofthebrainrelatedtoaltruism(无私)andhappiness,andtheyreportedhigherlevelsofhappinessaftertheexperimentwasover.Anotherpieceofgoodnewswasthatplanningtogiveawayjustalittlebitofmoneyhadthesameeffectsonhappinessasgivingawayalot.“Atleastinourstudy,theamountspentdidnotmatter,”saysleadauthorPhilippeTobler.“Evenlittlethingshaveabeneficialeffect—likebringingcoffeetoone’sworkmates.”It’snotyetclearhowlongthesewarmfeelingslastafterbeinggenerous.Butstudieshaveshownthatolderpeoplewhoaregeneroustendtohavebetterhealth,saysTobler,andotherresearchhassuggestedthatspendingmoneyonotherscanbeeffectiveatloweringbloodpressure.“Moreover,thereisapositiveconnectionbetweenhelpingothersandlifeexpectancy(预期寿命),”headds.Nexttimeyouthinkthatthebestwaytomakeyourselffeelbetteristobuyyourselfatreat,considerthattheoppositeislikelytrue.“Itisworthgivingitatry,evenifyouthinkitwouldnotwork,”Toblersays.“Repeatedpracticeisprobablyneededsothatgivingbecomessecondnature.”32.Whatdidtheresearchersfindoutaboutthosepromisingtospendmoneyonotherpeople?A.Theyweremuchhappier.B.Theyhadlessbrainactivity.C.Theyweresloweratmakingdecisions.D.Theyexperiencedhigherlevelsofstress.33.WhatdoesToblerwanttoexplainbymentioningbringingcoffeetoworkmates?A.Itisn’thardtobehavegenerously.B.Beinggenerouswillpayoffintheend.C.Theamountofgenerositydidnotmatter.D.Smallactsofgenerositycanbeseeneverywhere.34.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?A.Waystoshowgenerosity.B.Healthbenefitsofbeinggenerous.C.Reasonsforperformingactsofgenerosity.D.Influencesgenerouspeoplehaveonothers.35.WhatdoesToblersuggestpeopledointhelastparagraph?A.Practicegivingandmakeitahabit.B.Don’texpectanythinginreturnwhengiving.C.Don’tbelievehappinessdependsonagoodtreat.D.Performsomethinggoodevenifitmayhaveabadresult.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。研究发现，慷慨使人更快乐、更健康。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thosewhohadpromisedtospendmoneyonotherpeople(那些曾经承诺在别人身上花钱的人)theyreportedhigherlevelsofhappinessaftertheexperimentwasover(实验结束后，他们报告说幸福感更高)”可知，那些承诺将钱花给他人的人感觉更快乐，幸福感更强，故选A项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Anotherpieceofgoodnewswasthatplanningtogiveawayjustalittlebitofmoneyhadthesameeffectsonhappinessasgivingawayalot(另一个好消息是，计划只捐一点点钱和捐很多钱对幸福感的影响是一样的)”及Tobler所说的“theamountspentdidnotmatter(花费多少并不重要)”和“Evenlittlethingshaveabeneficialeffect(即使是小事也会产生有益的效果)”可知，Tobler认为慷慨的程度并不会影响快乐，他通过给同事带咖啡的例子说明即使微小的慷慨之举也能带来快乐，故选C项。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“studieshaveshownthatolderpeoplewhoaregeneroustendtohavebetterhealth、otherresearchhassuggestedthatspendingmoneyonotherscanbeeffectiveatloweringbloodpressure(研究表明，慷慨大方的老年人往往健康状况更好，其他研究表明，在他人身上花钱可以有效地降低血压)”及“thereisapositiveconnectionbetweenhelpingothersandlifeexpectancy(帮助他人与预期寿命之间存在着积极的联系)”可知，本段主要讲述慷慨有益于健康，故选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Nexttimeyouthinkthatthebestwaytomakeyourselffeelbetteristobuyyourselfatreat,considerthattheoppositeislikelytrue(下次当你认为让自己感觉更好的最好方法是给自己买一份款待时，考虑一下事实可能恰恰相反)”及Tobler所说的“Repeatedpracticeisprobablyneededsothatgivingbecomessecondnature(可能需要反复练习，这样给予才能成为第二天性)”可知，Tobler认为人们在生活中应该尝试给予，并让它成为一种习惯，故选A项。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thesciencesaretraditionallyviewedasasetofdifficultsubjectsforstudents,butinrealitytheyareincreasinglyimportantforyoutounderstand.____36____Andsciencemaybeanimportantpartofyoureducationupthroughcollege.Learningscientificconcepts(概念)throughcreativeclassroomexperiencesmayhelpyoubetterenjoyandunderstandthesubject.Makeagroup.Tryformingacluborgroupthatmeetsonceortwiceaweekbeforeschoolorduringlunchforscience-relatedactivities.____37____Useclubtimetoplayscientificgames,watchdocumentaries,andtrydifferentexperiments.____38____SimpleexperimentssuchasMagicBottleareeasilydoneathomeinyoursparetime.Morecomplexexperimentscanbedoneforclassprojectsandsciencefairs.Ifyouaredoingyourexperimentforclassorasciencefair,itisimportanttofollowthescientificmethodsothatyoucanproperlyrecordandreportyourexperiment.Drawapicture.Ifyouareavisual(视觉的)learner,turnyourstudiesintoart.____39____Bedetailedandincludelabels.If,forexample,youaredrawingaplantcell(细胞),identifythecellwall,chloroplast(叶绿体),etc.Makesurethereisinformationtomatchthevisuals.____40____Creativityhasbeenshowntohelpstudentsactivelyengageinthelearningprocess.Getcreativeandcolorfulwithyourdrawings,eveniftheydon’texactlymatchthemodelsinthetextbooks.A.Becolorful.B.Performexperiments.C.Useitasaformofgroupstudy.D.Drawpicturestohelpyoufollowyourcoursematerial.E.Askyourteacherifanymodelsareavailabletotheclass.F.Understandingsciencehelpsyoubetterunderstandtheworldaroundyou.G.Gettingtheconceptsrightisn’tasimportantassimplyencouragingpositivethinking.【答案】36.F37.C38.B39.D40.A【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了学习科学学科的方法。【36题详解】根据上文“Thesciencesaretraditionallyviewedasasetofdifficultsubjectsforstudents,butinrealitytheyareincreasinglyimportantforyoutounderstand.(传统上，科学对学生来说是一组困难的科目，但事实上，它们对你的理解越来越重要。)”和下文“Andsciencemaybeanimportantpartofyoureducationupthroughcollege.(科学可能是你整个大学教育的重要组成部分。)”可知，作者在本段主要说明的是学习科学学科的重要性，F项“了解科学有助于你更好地了解周围的世界。”和上下文意思一致。故选F。【37题详解】根据本段的主旨句“Makeagroup.(组建一个小组。)”可知，作者在本段主要说明的是小组学习在科学学科学习中的重要性，C项“将其作为小组学习的一种形式。”和上文意思一致。故选C。【38题详解】根据下文“SimpleexperimentssuchasMagicBottleareeasilydoneathomeinyoursparetime.Morecomplexexperimentscanbedoneforclassprojectsandsciencefairs.Ifyouaredoingyourexperimentforclassorasciencefair,itisimportanttofollowthescientificmethodsothatyoucanproperlyrecordandreportyourexperiment.(像魔术瓶这样的简单实验可以在业余时间在家里轻松完成。可以为课堂项目和科学博览会做更复杂的实验。如果你是为课堂或科学博览会做实验，遵循科学的方法是很重要的，这样你就可以正确地记录和报告你的实验。)”可知，作者在本段主要介绍的是通过做实验学习科学学科，B项“进行实验。”和下文意思一致。故选B。【39题详解】根据本段的主旨句“Drawapicture.(画一幅画。)”可知，作者在本段主要建议学生通过画图的方式学习和掌握科学概念，D项“画画来帮助你学习课程材料。”和上文意思一致。故选D。【40题详解】根据下文“Creativityhasbeenshowntohelpstudentsactivelyengageinthelearningprocess.Getcreativeandcolorfulwithyourdrawings,eveniftheydon’texactlymatchthemodelsinthetextbooks.(创造力已被证明可以帮助学生积极参与学习过程。让你的画富有创意和色彩，即使它们与课本上的模型不完全匹配。)”可知，作者在此处建议学生在画图时要让图画富有创意和色彩，A项“要丰富多彩。”和下文意思一致。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Youneverknowwho’shavingabadday.One____41____canturnastranger’sentiredayaround.I____42____thiswhileIwasinBrisbanebackinFebruary.Iwaswalkingononeofthemainstreets.Astrangerwaswalkingtowardsmeonthesidewalk.Helooked____43____andseemedtobehavingaterribleday.I____44____toshowhimalittlekindness.SoIbrieflymadeeyecontactandsmiledforafewseconds.Hestoppedandsaid,“I’mvery____45____toyou.Irecentlygotmaderedundant(被裁员)andfeelterribleaboutmy____46____.Youmademefeelalittlebitbetter.”ThetruthisthatIwasn’t____47____tohaveaconversationaboutsomeone’s____48____inlife.Ijustwantedtosmile.Butweendedup____49____forseveralminutes.Afterward,heseemedtobeinamuchhappiermood(心情).A_____50_____isjustafriendthatyouhaven’tmetyet.Bethetypeofpersonwhoshowssmallkindnessestostrangers.Becomeabeacon(灯塔)of_____51_____duringmomentswhenpeoplefeelhopeless.Becomeaguidinglightwhensomeoneis_____52_____oneofthedarkesttimesoftheirlife.Smileateveryoneyouseeonthestreet.The_____53_____itcanhaveisincrediblyprofound(深远的).Smallactsof_____54_____canachievesomuch.Asthesunmakesicemelt(融化),kindnesscausesmisunderstanding,mistrust,andunfriendlinessto_____55_____.41.A.smile B.sign C.decision D.gift42.A.learned B.heard C.imagined D.mentioned43.A.old B.sleepy C.unfriendly D.unhappy44.A.refused B.wanted C.promised D.forgot45.A.open B.important C.grateful D.similar46.A.history B.life C.progress D.health47.A.helping B.expecting C.agreeing D.remembering48.A.plans B.secrets C.problems D.examples49.A.cheering B.waiting C.running D.chatting50.A.customer B.neighbor C.stranger D.traveler51.A.freedom B.hope C.success D.truth52.A.goingthrough B.dependingon C.thinkingabout D.lookinginto53.A.impact B.respect C.connection D.challenge54.A.patience B.courage C.encouragement D.kindness55.A.happen B.disappear C.work D.matter【答案】41.A42.A43.D44.B45.C46.B47.B48.C49.D50.C51.B52.A53.A54.D55.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者在大街上对一个看上去不高兴的人微笑，改变了他一天的情绪。作者感慨小小的善举可能产生的影响非常深远。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个微笑就能让陌生人发生一整天的转变。A.smile微笑；B.sign手势；C.decision决定；D.gift礼物。根据下文“SoIbrieflymadeeyecontactandsmiledforafewseconds.(于是我简短地进行了眼神交流，并微笑了几秒钟)”可知，作者认为微笑的力量很强大，能使人一整天的情绪发生改变，空白处应填表示“微笑”含义的名词，故选A项。【42题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我二月份在布里斯班时学到的。A.learned学习；B.heard听见；C.imagined想象；D.mentioned提到。根据上文“Onesmilecantur