天津市天津市北辰区天津市南仓中学高二上学期12月月考英语试题

天津市南仓中学2023至2024学年度第一学期高二年级教学质量过程性监检测与诊断(英语学科)本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷两部分,共120分,考试用时100分钟。答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题纸上。答卷时,考生务必将答案涂写在答题纸上,答在试卷上的无效。祝各位考生考试顺利!第I卷I.听力(共两节,满分20分)第一节听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。(共5小题:每小题1分,满分5分)1.Whatdocsthewomanprefertodo?A.Findaquietplace.B.Checkinatthehotel.C.Avoidthetrafficjam.2.Whoisprobablytheman?A.Anexhibitionvisitor.B.Aticketcollector.C.Apoliceman.3.Whatsubjectdocstheboyshowlittleinterestin?A.Biology.B.Math.C.Physics.4.Whatisthespeakers’opinionaboutthefilm?A.Itmakesthempuzzled.B.Itisn’tworthwatching.C.Ithasasurprisingending.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.AthomeB.Onaplane.C.Atanewspaperstand.第二节听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。(共10小题:每小题1.5分,满分15分)听下面一段对话,回答第6至第8小题。6.Whoisgettingmarried?A.Judy.B.Grace.C.Clara.7.WhatwillthemangoforonSaturday?A.Abirthdayparty.B.Awedding.C.Apicnic.8.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Attendtheweddingalittlelate.B.Callherbestfriendtosaysorry.C.Gototheweddingandtheparty.听下面一段对话,回答第9至第11小题。9.Whatprogramwasputofftonextweek?A.Somenewsreports.B.Atalkshow.C.Afootballgame.10.Howmanystudentsgothurtintheaccident?A.20.B.18.C.2.11.Whatcausedtheaccident?A.Drunkdriving.B.Badweather.C.Speeding.听下面一段独白,回答第12至第15小题。12.WhatcanweseeinJohn’sphoto?A.Arainstorm.B.Amonkey.C.Asleepinglion.13.HowmuchwillJohnreceive?A.$100.B.$500.C.$1,000.14.WhatcanwelearnaboutBen’sphoto?A.ItwastakeninAfrica.B.Ithappenedbyaccident.CItwasinblackandwhite.15.Whatisthespeaker’sadviceintheend?A.Enteringnextmonth’scontest.B.Checkingbackformoreinformation.C.Beingcarefulwhiletakingpictures.II.单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)1.—Now,whereismypurse?—__________!We’llbelateforthepicnic.A.Takeyourtime B.Getamoveon C.Don’tmentionit D.Takeiteasy【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我的钱包在哪？——快点。我们野餐要迟到了。A.Takeyourtime慢慢来；B.Getamoveon快点；C.Don’tmentionit别提了；D.Takeiteasy放松。根据后文“We’llbelateforthepicnic.”可知是在催促快点，故选B。2.Fromwhatshehasdonewecanpredictthatsheis________enoughtomakeherowndecisionandbehaveinaproperway.A.positive B.severeC.mature D.admirable【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从他所做的我们能预测她已经成熟到能能自己做决定和举止得体。A.positive积极的；B.severe严格的；C.mature成熟的；D.admirable令人钦佩的。根据下文提到“makeherowndecisionandbehaveinaproperway.”表示她已经足够成熟了。故选C项。3.Scientistsmakegreateffortsto______theoriginofhumans,whichisstillmysterious.Atakeresponsibilityfor B.ponderoverC.layaside D.adaptto【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：科学家们努力思索人类的起源，这仍然是一个谜。A.takeresponsibilityfor负责；B.ponderover深思，沉思；C.layaside搁置；D.adaptto适应。根据后文“theoriginofhumans,whichisstillmysterious”可知，指思索人类起源应用ponderover。故选B。4.Dr.YuanLongping,togetherwithmanyotherscientists,_____himselftothedevelopmentofthesociety.A.devotes B.devote C.isdevoted D.aredevoted【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：袁隆平博士和许多其他科学家一起致力于社会的发展。本句是叙述现在的客观事实，要用一般现在时，此处的devote和主语是主动关系，因此排除选项C和D。当主语后面有短语togetherwith连接的短语时，谓语动词要遵循就远原则，根据togetherwith连接的短语前的主语确定单复数，此处主语是Dr.YuanLongping，是第三人称单数，谓语动词也要用三单形式，故选A。5.Iam_____thatPeterisguiltlessunlessyoucanshowme_____evidence.A.convincing;convincing B.convinced;convincedC.convinced;convincing D.convincing;convinced【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：我相信彼得是无罪的，除非你能向我展示令人信服的证据。convinced意为“确信的，深信的”，是形容词，形容人的感受；convincing意为“有说服力的，令人相信的”，是形容词，一般形容事物是令人信服的，因此第一空是convinced，第二空是convincing，故选C。6.Thedoctorwillhaveamonitor________toyourstomachsothatshecanlistentothebaby'sheart.A.attaching B.beingattached C.attached D.tobeattached【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：医生会在你的胃上放一个监视器，这样她就能听到婴儿的心脏了。本题主要是考查have的复合宾语机构，“have＋人或物＋过去分词”，此结构常表示“让人做某事”，宾语和宾语补足语之间是被动关系；“have＋宾语＋现在分词”，此结构表示“让(使)某人做某事”、“让(使)某物处于某种状态”，宾语补足语的动作是宾语发出，它们是主动关系；“have＋人＋不带to的不定式”，此结构意为“让(请)某人干某事”。这个结构中，宾语补足语和宾语之间是主动关系。本句中monitor与attach之间是被动关系。故选C。7.Accordingtomanyscientists,theearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet________lifehasdevelopedgradually.A.where B.that C.whose D.which【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多科学家认为，地球不太可能是唯一一个出现生物进化现象的星球。分析可知，该句先行词是theonlyplanet，定语从句中缺少地点状语，故选A项。8.SusanisaclerkinanITpanynow,butshe________Englishinahighschoolfor3years.A.teach B.hadtaught C.hastaught D.taught【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：苏珊现在是一家IT公司的职员，但她曾在一所高中教过三年英语。分析句子可知，在高中教英语是过去的事，所以用一般过去时。故选D项。9.Recentheadlineshaveseenmoreandmoreteens________theirparents’creditcardsongamesandotheronlineactivities.A.maxingout B.missingout C.checkingout D.puttingout【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：最近的头条新闻显示，越来越多的青少年在游戏和其他网络活动中使用父母的信用卡。A.maxout（钱）花光，（信用卡）刷爆；B.missout遗漏[忘]，（被）略去，错过机会；C.checkout结账离开(旅馆等)；D.putout生产，伸出，出版，扑灭。分析句子结构和“theirparents’creditcardsongames”可知，这里需要表示“花光，刷爆”意思的动词短语。故选A。10.________fooddeliveryservicesbringconvenience,theyletstudentsformsomelazyhabits.A.As B.While C.If D.Whatever【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然外卖服务带来了方便，但也让学生养成了一些懒惰的习惯。A.As当……时；B.While虽然，尽管；C.If如果；D.Whatever无论什么。根据句意分析句子可知，逗号前的部分是让步状语从句，所以空格处应该填入一个连词，且意义为“虽然，尽管”；as虽然可以引导让步状语从句，但是从句必须倒装，所以排除A项。故选B项。11.—Whatdoyouusuallydointheafternoon,Mrs.Smith?—Myafternoon______includesdoingsomeshoppingandwalkingmydogs.A.appointment B.action C.routine D.reservation【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Mrs.Smith，你通常下午干什么？我下午的日常行为包括购物和遛狗。A.appointment约会；B.action行动；C.routine日常行为；D.reservation预订，预约。根据上文“Whatdoyouusuallydointheafternoon”可知应是问日常做什么，故选C。12.—Anewairportisreported__________inthecountrysideofourhometown.—Yes,andithasbroughtgreateconomicbenefitstoourhometown.A.tobuild B.tobebuiltC.tohavebuilt D.tohavebeenbuilt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——据报道，在我们家乡的农村已经建了一个新机场。——是的，它给我们的家乡带来了巨大的经济效益。短语bereportedtodo表示“据报道……”。根据“ithasbrought”可知机场已经建好，且airport与build为被动关系，故用tohavebeendone形式。故选D。13.Johntriedhardtofigureout______hehaslefthisschoolbagbutinvain.A.what B.which C.where D.that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：约翰努力想弄清楚他把书包忘在哪里了，但一无所获。分析句子可知，figureout后是宾语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where，表示“在哪里；……的地方”；what引导宾语从句，从句中做主语、宾语或表语；which“哪一个”；that不做成分，无词义，仅起引导作用，根据句意，故选C。14.Ithasbeenannouncedthatallstudents________putonmasksbeforegoingtoschoolincasetheyareinfectedwithnovelcoronavirus.A.shall B.will C.need D.may【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：已经宣布所有的学生在上学前要戴口罩以免感染新冠病毒。shall用于第二，第三人称表示允诺，警告，规定；will表示意愿；need“必要，需要”；may表示或许。根据句意，此处表示按照规定要求，所有的学生在上学前要戴口罩。故选A。15.Ithinklifeasaboarderwillbeoneofyourmostvaluablememories._____Ireallywanttomakethemostofmytimeatboardingschool.A.Ican’tbelieveit! B.Ihopeso! C.Doyouthinkso? D.It’seasytosay.【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为寄宿生的生活将是你最宝贵的回忆之一。——希望如此，我真的想充分利用我在寄宿学校的时间。A.Ican’tbelieveit!我不敢相信！B.Ihopeso!我希望如此！C.Doyouthinkso?你这样认为吗？D.It’seasytosay.说起来容易。根据回答句意可知，回答的内容是对上句话的肯定，所以选项B符合题意，故选B项。III.完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Iwasbornwithnoarms.Iwon’tpretendmylifeis___16___butthroughtheloveofmyparents,Ihaveovereadversity(逆境)andmylifeisnowfilledwith___17___andpurpose.Iloveseeingpeople’s___18___changedforthebetter.Itismyhopethatyourlifeis___19___affectedbymystory.Iwasn’t___20___duringmyentirechildhood,butIdidhaveupsanddowns.WhenIwasthirteen,I___21___myfoot,whichIusetodomanythingsliketyping,___22___andwashing.TheinjurymademerealizethatIneedtobemore___23___formyabilitiesandlessconcentrateduponmy___24___.Ateacherencouragedmetostart___25___aboutmyfaithandoveringadversitywhenIwas17.ThefirsttimeImadeaspeech,Iwasvery___26___.Withinthefirstthreeminutesofmytalk,halfofthegirlsonthespotwere___27___,whilemostboyswerestrugglingtocontroltheir___28___.Onegirlinparticularwassobbinghard.Suddenlysheputher___29___up,saying,“Iwassosorryto___30___,butcanIeupandhugyou?”Shecameand___31___mebeforeeveryone,and___32___inmyear,“Thankyou.NoonehasevertoldmethattheylovedmeandthatIambeautifulthewayIam.”Hergratitude___33___metogoacross44countriesandspeak2,000times.Irealizedthatweallneedloveandhope.Then,Iwasinauniquepositionto___34___thisviewwithpeoplearoundtheworld.Whoeveryouare,Ihopeyouwillbeinspiredbymystoryandmy___35___:Dreambig,myfriend,andnevergiveup!16.A.hard B.tiring C.easy D.important17.A.love B.challenge C.energy D.hardship18.A.quality B.life C.experience D.activity19.A.differently B.positively C.generally D.hardly20.A.depressed B.impressed C.excited D.lonely21.A.witnessed B.destroyed C.weakened D.hurt22.A.sleeping B.sailing C.writing D.climbing23.A.responsible B.ready C.thankful D.suitable24.A.disabilities B.hobbies C.difficulties D.features25.A.plaining B.worrying C.memorizing D.speaking26.A.wild B.sensitive C.exhausted D.nervous27.A.smiling B.crying C.sighing D.shouting28.A.sadness B.thought C.emotion D.passion29.A.face B.hand C.book D.note30.A.interrupt B.conclude C.explain D.entertain31.A.followed B.seized C.hugged D.pushed32.A.screamed B.informed C.slapped D.whispered33.A.expected B.inspired C.intended D.allowed34.A.relate B.connect C.debate D.share35.A.message B.role C.report D.ability【答案】16.C17.A18.B19.B20.A21.D22.C23.C24.A25.D26.D27.B28.C29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者虽然出生时没有胳膊，他却用自己的故事激励了很多的人，作者希望人们追逐远大梦想，永不放弃。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不会假装我的生活很容易，但通过我父母的爱，我克服了逆境，我的生活现在充满了爱和目标。A.hard困难的；B.tiring累人的；C.easy容易的；D.important重要的。由“pretend”可知，句子表示“我不会假装我的生活很容易”，故选C。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不会假装我的生活很容易，但通过我父母的爱，我克服了逆境，我的生活现在充满了爱和目标。A.love爱；B.challenge挑战；C.energy能量；D.hardship艰苦。由上文的“throughtheloveofmyparents”可知，作者的生活充满了爱和目标，故选A。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢看到人们的生活变得更好。A.quality质量；B.life生活；C.experience经历；D.activity活动。由后文的“yourlifeis_____affectedbymystory”可知，此处意思是作者喜欢看到人们的生活变得更好，故选B。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我希望我的故事能对你的生活产生积极的影响。A.differently不同地；B.positively积极地；C.generally普遍地；D.hardly几乎不。由上文的“changedforthebetter”可知，作者希望他的故事能对读者的生活产生积极的影响，故选B。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的整个童年都没有抑郁，但我确实有过起起落落。A.depressed抑郁的；B.impressed印象深刻的；C.excited激动的；D.lonely孤独的。由后文的“butIdidhaveupsanddowns”可知，句子表示“我的整个童年都没有抑郁，但我确实有过起起落落”，故选A。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：13岁的时候，我的脚受伤了，我用脚做很多事情，比如打字、写作和洗衣服。A.witnessed目击；B.destroyed破坏；C.weakened（使）虚弱；D.hurt伤害。由后文的“Theinjury”可知，作者的脚受伤了，故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：13岁的时候，我的脚受伤了，我用脚做很多事情，比如打字、写字和洗衣服。A.sleeping睡觉；B.sailing航行；C.writing写；D.climbing爬。由第一段的“Iwasbornwithnoarms”和“myfoot,whichIusetodomanythingsliketyping,_____andwashing”可知，作者天生没有胳膊，所以用脚做很多事情，比如打字、写字和洗衣服，故选C。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次受伤让我意识到，我应该更多地感谢自己的能力，而不是过于关注自己的残疾。A.responsible负责的；B.ready准备好的；C.thankful感激的；D.suitable适当的。由后文的“formyabilities”可知，句子表示“我应该更多地感谢自己的能力”，故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次受伤让我意识到，我应该更多地感谢自己的能力，而不是过于关注自己的残疾。A.disabilities残疾；B.hobbies爱好；C.difficulties困难；D.features特点。由前文的“formyabilitiesandlessconcentrateduponmy”可知，作者觉得应该更多地感谢自己的能力，而不是过于关注自己的残疾。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我17岁的时候，一位老师鼓励我开始谈论我的信仰和克服逆境。A.plaining抱怨；B.worrying担心；C.memorizing记住；D.speaking说。由后文的“Imadeaspeech”可知，老师鼓励作者开始谈论自己的信仰和克服逆境，故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我第一次做演讲时，我很紧张。A.wild狂乱的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.exhausted筋疲力尽的；D.nervous紧张的。由上文的“ThefirsttimeImadeaspeech”及常理可知，作者第一次做演讲时，应该觉得很紧张，故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我演讲的前三分钟里，在场的一半女孩都哭了，而大多数男孩都在努力控制自己的情绪。A.smiling笑；B.crying哭；C.sighing叹气；D.shouting大声喊。由后文的“Onegirlinparticularwassobbinghard”可知，在场的一半女孩都哭了，故选B。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我演讲的前三分钟里，在场的一半女孩都哭了，而大多数男孩都在努力控制自己的情绪。A.sadness伤心；B.thought想法；C.emotion情绪；D.passion热情。由上文的“halfofthegirlsonthespotwere_____,whilemostboyswerestrugglingtocontroltheir____”可知，在场的人被感动了，一半女孩都哭了，而大多数男孩都在努力控制自己的情绪，故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，她举起手说:“很抱歉打断你，我能上来拥抱你吗？”A.face脸；B.hand手；C.book书；D.note便条。由后文的“saying,“Iwassosorryto_____,butcanIeupandhugyou?””可知，她是举手，然后说......，故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，她举起手说:“很抱歉打断你，我能上来拥抱你吗？”A.interrupt打断；B.conclude总结；C.explain解释；D.entertain娱乐。由“Iwassosorryto”可知，作者正在进行演讲，女孩是打断他的话，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她走了过来，当着大家的面拥抱了我，并在我耳边轻声说:“谢谢你。从来没有人对我说过他们爱我，说过我现在这样就很美。”A.followed跟随；B.seized抓住；C.hugged拥抱；D.pushed推。由上文的“hugyou”可知，那个女孩是拥抱作者，故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她走了过来，当着大家的面拥抱了我，并在我耳边轻声说:“谢谢你。从来没有人对我说过他们爱我，说过我现在这样就很美。”A.screamed尖叫；B.informed通知；C.slapped拍打；D.whispered低语。由后文的“inmyear”可知，她是在作者耳边低语，故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的感激激励我跨越44个国家，演讲2000次。A.expected期待；B.inspired鼓舞；C.intended打算；D.allowed允许。由后文的“metogoacross44countriesandspeak2,000times”可知，她的感激激励我跨越44个国家，演讲2000次，故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，我处于一个独特的位置，可以与世界各地的人分享这一观点。A.relate联系；B.connect连接；C.debate辩论；D.share分享。由后文的“thisviewwithpeoplearoundtheworld”可知，作者是与世界各地的人分享这一观点。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：无论你是谁，我希望你能从我的故事和我的信息中得到启发:远大的梦想，我的朋友，永不放弃！A.message信息；B.role角色；C.report报道；D.ability能力。由后文的“Dreambig,myfriend,andnevergiveup”可知，作者这是在传达一个信息，就是“Dreambig,myfriend,andnevergiveup”，故选A。IV.阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)AWhenyou’rechoosingacollegealotoffactorsprobablymaybeconsidered:theschool'sreputationtheclassesoffered,andtheprofessorsinyourmajor,tonameafew.However.consideringtheincreasingpetitivenessofuniversitiestoattractmoreandmoreapplicants,manyschoolsnowofferextrabenefitstobeenjoyedbyalloftheirstudents.Herearesomeofthecoolest:UniversityofMissouriWhenyouthinkofacampusgym,youprobablypicturearoomequippedwithoutofdatemachines.However,attheUniversityofMissouri,youcanenjoyoneofthebestcampusfitnesscentersinthecountry.Itfeaturesan“indoorbeach”withawaterfallandalazyriver,aswellasafullservicespa.Evenifyoudon'tnormallyenjoyworkingout,Missouri'sfitnesscenterwillgiveyouareasontogotothegym.HighPointUniversityIfyouseeyourselfquicklytiredofdininghallfood—somethingthathappenstoalmostallofus—HighPointUniversityinNorthCarolinahasagreatchoiceforyou:aprivatesteakhouseforstudents.It'safirstclassrestaurant,and,bestofall,youdon'thavetopayforthemealoutofyourownpocket.Youcanuseyourdiningdollarsinstead.SetonHallUniversityIfyou'reworryingabouttheextracostoftechnologywhenyoustartcollege,SetonHallhasgreatnewsforyou:allfreshmenaregivenfreelaptopsthroughtheuniversity'sMobileputingProgram.Asafreshman,you'llreceivealaptopalreadysetupwithallofthesoftwarethatyou'llneedasastudent.Thenaftertwoyears,you’llreceiveanewandupdatedlaptopdesignedtoearyouthroughuntilafteryougraduate.NewYorkUniversity“Ifyou'reafanofmuseums,NewYorkUniversityistheperfectuniversityforyou:notonlyareyoulocatedintheheartofacityfeaturingsomeofthebestmuseumsintheworld,buttheuniversitywillevenprovideyouwithfreeadmissiontomanyofthem.Youcantakeadvantageofvisitingfreemuseumsatanytimeyouwant—andyou’llneverbeboredontheweekends.36.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph1?A.Itishardtobeadmittedtoauniversity.B.Auniversity'sfameisthetopconsideration.C.Thepetitivenessofuniversitiestoattractapplicantsisincreasing.D.Extrabenefitsmakesnodifferencetoapplicants.37.WhatcanwelearnaboutthefitnesscenterintheUniversityofMissouri?A.Itsequipmentisoutofdate. B.Itisthebestoneintheworld.C.Ithasarealbeachthere. D.Itcanarousestudents'interestinworkout.38.Whichuniversityoffersextrabenefitoffood?A.UniversityofMissouri, B.HighPointUniversity.C.SetonHallUniversity. D.NewYorkUniversity.39.WhatcanbeguaranteedforstudentschoosingSetonHallUniversity?A.Freetuition. B.Freeacmodation.C.Freeputers. D.Highgraduationrate.40.WhichofthefollowingistrueofNewYorkUniversity?A.Itislocatedinthecenterofthecity. B.Ithousesallthebestmuseumsintheworld.C.Allthemuseumsareopentoitsstudentsforfree. D.Museumsareusuallyclosedontheweekends.【答案】36.C37.D38.B39.C40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了为了吸引更多的申请者，很多大学给学生提供了一些额外的好处来增强竞争力。文章详细介绍了UniversityofMissouri、HighPointUniversity、SetonHallUniversity和NewYorkUniversity这四所大学给学生提供的有吸引力的福利。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“However.consideringtheincreasingpetitivenessofuniversitiestoattractmoreandmoreapplicants,manyschoolsnowofferextrabenefitstobeenjoyedbyalloftheirstudents.（然而，考虑到大学日益增强吸引越来越多的申请者的竞争力，许多学校现在提供额外的福利给所有的学生。）”可知，各大学为了吸引更多的申请者，给学生提供了一些额外的好处来增强竞争力。可知，大学之间吸引申请者的竞争很激烈。故选C项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据UniversityofMissouri部分的“Evenifyoudon'tnormallyenjoyworkingout,Missouri'sfitnesscenterwillgiveyouareasontogotothegym.（即使你平时不喜欢锻炼，密苏里健身中心也会给你一个去健身房的理由。）”可知，密苏里大学的健身中心能够激发学生锻炼的兴趣。故选D项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据HighPointUniversity部分的“It'safirstclassrestaurant,and,bestofall,youdon'thavetopayforthemealoutofyourownpocket.Youcanuseyourdiningdollarsinstead.（这是一家一流的餐厅，最重要的是，你不必自掏腰包。你可以用你的餐费来代替。）”可知，HighPointUniversity学校提供的额外的食物福利。故选B项。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据SetonHallUniversity部分的“allfreshmenaregivenfreelaptopsthroughtheuniversity'sMobileputingProgram.（通过该大学的移动计算项目，所有大一新生都可以免费获得笔记本电脑。）”可知，SetonHallUniversity大学的大一新生可以使用免费的笔记本电脑。故选C项。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据NewYorkUniversity部分的“notonlyareyoulocatedintheheartofacityfeaturingsomeofthebestmuseumsintheworld,buttheuniversitywillevenprovideyouwithfreeadmissiontomanyofthem.（你不仅位于城市的中心，拥有一些世界上最好的博物馆，而且这所大学甚至会为你提供免费入场券。）”可知，纽约大学在纽约市中心，A项正确。故选A项。BDuringmycareerinthepastyears,I’vebeenfiredafewtimes.Thelasttimewasaboutfiveyearsago.Atthetime.Icoownedaliteraryagency.Iagreedtotakeonagiantprojectforamajorclient.Iworkedmytailoffaboutayear,focusingjustonthisoneclient.Meanwhile,mypartnerandassociatestookcareofeveryoneelse.Weallthoughtitwasagoodbet.Butintheend,theclientfiredmeandpairedwithanagencywhopromisedtogethimamajorbookdealwithaNewYorkpublishinghouseandanappearanceonOprahWinfrey’stelevisionshow.Iwaslefthighanddrywithnothingtoshowformyyearlonginvestment.TheworstpartwasthatIdidnotseeiting.IthoughtIhaddoneagreatjob,andwehadenjoyedalongtermpersonalrelationship.ButmyclienthadhiseyeonbiggerthingsanddecidedIcouldn’ttakehimthere,soheabandonedmewithoutdiscussion.ThethingIfinallylearnedfromthisexperiencewasthatclientsandcustomerscanbechangeable.Soneverputallyoureggsinonebasket.Thiswasn’ttheonlymistakeI’dmadeinmycareer.SomeofthemistakesIhadmadegotmefired.Thatgotmyattentionandfurtheredmyeducationintheschoolofhardknocks.Chancesarethatyouaregoingtobefiredatsomepointinyourcareer.LastMay,1.7millionworkersinAmericawerelaidofforfired.AndaccordingtotheLaborDepartment,thatwasduringmonthofgenerallygoodeconomicnews.Thetrick—afterbeingfired—istotrytopushbitternessasideandlearnfromit.Failurecanbeagreatteacher,butwehavetolisten.41.Whydidtheauthoronlyfocusononeproject?A.Hisclientrequiredhimtodoso.B.Heconsidereditwouldbeasafebet.C.Itcouldgivehimanappearanceontheshow.D.Therewerenootherprojectsinhisagency.42.Whywastheauthorabandoned?A.Hecausedsometroubleforhisclient.B.Hisclientwantedtoteachhimalesson.C.Hecouldn’tsatisfyhisclient’sdemands.D.Hisclientwasafraidofdestroyingtheirfriendship.43.Whatlessondidtheauthorprobablylearn?A.Heshouldhavespreadhisrisk.B.Heshouldhavetiredhisbesttodobetter.C.Heshouldn’thaveworkedongiantprojects.DHeshouldn’thavemadefriendswithhisclients.44.Whattrickdidtheauthorlearnfrombeingfired?A.Don’tkeepsuffering,andlearnfromfailure.B.Studyfurthertoobtainahigherdegree.C.Endurefailure,don’tresistandwelesuccess.D.Getridofdifficultcustomersassoonaspossible.45.Whatdoestheauthormainlywritethetextfor?A.Toshowtheimportanceoffailure.B.Totellushowtofacegettingfired.C.Toshareamosthorribleexperience.D.Toexplainwhypeopleeasilygetfired.【答案】41.B42.C43.A44.A45.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者主要讲了自己职场失败的经历，以此告诉读者如何应对被解雇的困境。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Iworkedmytailoffaboutayear,focusingjustonthisoneclient.Meanwhile,mypartnerandassociatestookcareofeveryoneelse.Weallthoughtitwasagoodbet.(我累死累活了一年，只关注这一个客户。与此同时，我的搭档和同事们照顾其他人。我们都认为这是一个很明智的事。)”可知，作者只关注一个项目是因为他认为这是一个很明智的事。故选B。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“ButmyclienthadhiseyeonbiggerthingsanddecidedIcouldn’ttakehimthere,soheabandonedmewithoutdiscussion.(但我的委托人有更大的目标，并且他认为我不能带他去那里，所以他没有和我商量就抛弃了我。)”可知，作者被抛弃了是因为他不能满足委托人的要求，故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“ThethingIfinallylearnedfromthisexperiencewasthatclientsandcustomerscanbechangeable.Soneverputallyoureggsinonebasket.(我从这次经历中学到的是，客户和顾客可能是易变的。所以不要把所有的鸡蛋放在一个篮子里。)”可知，作者可能学到的是他本应该分散风险的。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Thiswasn’ttheonlymistakeI’dmadeinmycareer.SomeofthemistakesIhadmadegotmefired.Thatgotmyattentionandfurtheredmyeducationintheschoolofhardknocks.(这并不是我职业生涯中犯下的唯一错误。我犯的一些错误让我被解雇了。这引起了我的注意，并进一步加深了我在逆境中的教育。)”和最后一段的“Thetrick—afterbeingfired—istotrytopushbitternessasideandlearnfromit.(在被解雇之后，诀窍是试着把痛苦放在一边，并从中吸取教训。)”可知，作者从被解雇中学到了不要继续痛苦，要从失败中吸取教训。故选A。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thetrick—afterbeingfired—istotrytopushbitternessasideandlearnfromit.Failurecanbeagreatteacher,butwehavetolisten.(在被解雇之后，诀窍是试着把痛苦放在一边，并从中吸取教训。失败可能是一位伟大的老师，但我们必须倾听。)”可知，作者通过讲自己职场失败的经历来告诉读者如何应对被解雇的困境，故选B。CIt’sgoodtomakemistakes,andhereiswhy.Firstofall,mistakesareaclearsignthatwearetryingnewthings.It’salwaysgoodtotrynewthingsbecausewhenwearetryingnewthings,wearegrowing.Ifwenevertryanythingnew,howcanweimprove?Howcanweexpand?Thesimpleansweris“Wecan’t.”Lookaroundus.Withveryfewexceptions,eithereverythingyouseeinyourphysicalworldoreverysingledetailofeverysinglethingistheresultofsomeonetryingsomethingnew.Anothergoodthingaboutmistakesisthis:Whenwearemakingmistakes,wearelearning.Considerthis—Edisonfailed10,000timesbeforeheperfectedthelightbulb.Whenaskedhowitfelttofailthatmanytimes,hesaidthathehadlearned10,000thingsthatdidn’twork.Finally,whenwemakeamistake,wearemuchclosertosuccess.Why?Becausewhenallissaidanddone,wewillhavetriedsomenumberofthingsbeforewesucceeded.Everytimewemakeamistake,weeliminateoneofthosethingsandareonestepcloser.Butallthisdoesn’tmeanthatweshouldgothroughlifewithoutconsideringtheconsequencesofamistake.Quitethecontrary,whenwetrysomethingnew,wehavetobewillingtosetsomereasonablelimitssothatintheeventthatitdoesn’tworkoutthewaywewantitto,wewillbeinapositiontotryagain.weallhavelimitedresources—intheformoftimeandmoney—soweshouldn’tblowthemallononeapproachtoaproblem.Realizethatitprobablywon’tbeperfectthefirsttimeandallocatetheseresourcesappropriatelysowecanlearn,makecorrections,andtryitagain.Onlybyacceptingandusingourmistakesinthiswaycanwemakesignificantadvancesinourlives.Thereisanoldsayingthatgoes,“Ifyou’renotmakingmistakes,you’renottryinghardenough.”Sogoforthandmakemistakes.Andlearn.Andgrow.Andprosper.46.Fromthesecondparagraph,wecanconcludethat________.A.mistakesareunnecessaryfordevelopment B.mistakesletusseeourownlimitsC.it’smonforpeopletomakemistakes D.makingmistakesisbetterthannottrying47.Accordingtothepassage,ifwetrynewthings,wecan________.A.moveforward B.neverfailC.obtainnothing D.beclosertomistakes48.Theunderlinedword“eliminate”means________.A.makeupfor B.getridof C.avoid D.solve49.Accordingtothearticle,onethingweshouldpayattentiontoaboutmakingmistakesis________.A.avoidingmakingthesamemistakesB.acceptingtheoutewillinglyC.makingproperarrangementsforournexttryD.reflectingontheconsequencesaftereachmistake50.Thearticleismainlyabout________.A.howtodealwithmistakes B.whatbenefitsmakingmistakesbringsC.howtoachievesuccess D.howtomakeuseofourmistakes【答案】46.D47.A48.B49.C50.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了犯错误的三个好处。【46题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Firstofall,mistakesareaclearsignthatwearetryingnewthings.It’salwaysgoodtotrynewthingsbecausewhenwearetryingnewthings,wearegrowing.Ifwenevertryanythingnew,howcanweimprove?(首先，错误是我们尝试新事物的明确信号。尝试新事物总是好的，因为当我们尝试新事物时，我们就在成长。如果我们从不尝试新事物，我们怎么能进步呢?)”可推知，犯错误总比不去尝试好。故选D项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“It’salwaysgoodtotrynewthingsbecausewhenwearetryingnewthings,wearegrowing.Ifwenevertryanythingnew,howcanweimprove?Howcanweexpand?Thesimpleansweris“Wecan’t.”(尝试新事物总是好的，因为当我们尝试新事物时，我们就在成长。如果我们从不尝试新事物，我们怎么能进步呢?我们如何扩张?简单的回答是：“我们不能。”)”可知，如果我们尝试新事物，我们就能前进。故选A项。【48题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词下文“onestepcloser(更接进一步)”可知，此处是指每一次我们犯了错误，我们就“摆脱了”其中一个失败的事情，就离目标更接近了一步，所以划线词是“摆脱”的意思。故选B项。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Butallthisdoesn’tmeanthatweshouldgothroughlifewithoutconsideringtheconsequencesofamistake.Quitethecontrary,whenwetrysomethingnew,wehavetobewillingtosetsomereasonablelimitssothatintheeventthatitdoesn’tworkoutthewaywewantitto,wewillbeinapositiontotryagain.(但这一切并不意味着我们可以一辈子不考虑错误的后果。恰恰相反，当我们尝试新事物时，我们必须愿意设定一些合理的限制，以便在事情没有按照我们希望的方式进行时，我们能够再次尝试。)”可知，我们犯错误后，再尝试新事物时要为我们的下一次尝试做适当的安排。故选C项。【50题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“It’sgoodtomakemistakes,andhereiswhy.(犯错误是好事，原因如下。)”和第二段“Firstofall,mistakesareaclearsignthatwearetryingnewthings.(首先，错误是我们尝试新事物的明确信号。)”和第三段“Anothergoodthingaboutmistakesisthis:Whenwearemakingmistakes,weareleaning.(错误的另一个好处是：当我们犯错误的时候，我们是在学习。)”和第四段“Finally,whenwemakeamistake,wearemuchclosertosuccess.(最后，当我们犯错误的时候，我们离成功更近了。)”和最后一段“Thereisanoldsayingthatgoes,“Ifyou’renotmakingmistakes,you’renottryinghardenough.”Sogoforthandmakemistakes.Andlearn.Andgrow.Andprosper.(有句老话说：“如果你不犯错误，你就没有足够的努力。”所以，要