Unit1ArtDiscoverUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版选择性

EB3U1ARTDiscoveringusefulstructuresTask1Observegrammar1.OurgoalistodisplaytheChineseartisticgeniusfromancienttimes.2.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternart

istolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.3.DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.4.Inthiswork,Monet’saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene.5.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolongershowreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart?”infinitives----predictivediscoverusefulstructuresObservegrammarExploregrammarInternalizegrammarApplygrammarTask2ExploregrammarMatchthesentencehalvesandunderlinethenounsorclausesusedasthesubjectineachsentence.非谓语动词之todo动词谓语非谓语donedoingtodo具有动词的特征具有名词的特征具有形容词的特征具有副词的特征主语谓语表语宾语定语状语宾补

todo不定式的时态和语态：类别主动语态被动语态意义一般式todo完成式进行式/完成进行式/tobedonetohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtohavebeendone发生在谓语动词之后发生在谓语动词之前正在进行一直持续找出谓语和非谓语1.ToimprovemyEnglish,Idecidetolearngrammar.2.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisbeneficialtoourhealth.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.4.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participants

wrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.找出谓语和非谓语1.ToimprovemyEnglish,Idecidetolearngrammar.2.Goingtobedearlyandgettingupearlyisbeneficialtoourhealth.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,ourschoollooksbeautiful.4.Thestudy,publishedin2009,foundthatwhenwritingwithapenandpaper,participants

wrotelongeressaysandmorecompletesentencesandhadafasterwordproductionrate.举办2022年冬季奥运会是我们国家巨大的荣幸。Tohostthe2022WinterOlympicsisagreathonorforourcountry.作主语非谓语动词之todo的句法功能习近平主席决定宣布冬奥会开幕。PresidentXidecidedtodeclare

the2022WinterOlympicsopen.作宾语TheBeijingWinterOlmpicswillopenonFebruary4,2022,whichwillfeature7sports,15disciplinesand109events.Inthefollowing16days,therewillbe109eventstobeenjoyed.在接下来的16天里，我们将看到109个精彩的项目。作定语Towinthecompetition,thecompetitorshavetopracticeharddayandnight.为了赢得比赛，运动员们不得不没日没夜地练习。作状语Ourathletesarebelievedtobethebestintheworld.我们的运动员被认为是世界上最棒的。作补语

回归课本1.PerhapsthebestwaytounderstandWesternartistolookatthedevelopmentofWesternpaintingoverthecenturies.2.DuringtheMiddleages,thepurposeofWesternartwastoteachpeopleaboutChristianity.3.Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene.4.Whattheyattemptedtodowasnolonger(to)showreality,butinsteadtoaskthequestion,“Whatisart”?不定式作表语Everyoneseemedtobesatisfiedwiththeopeningceremonyof2022WinterOlympics.每个人似乎都对这次的开幕式很满意。作表语Whatisapredicative?表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、从句来充当，是指说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的词或从句，常位于系动词之后examplesentences:Shelooksmuchyoungerinherreddress.Theyseemtohavemisunderstoodme.Themeatwillstayfreshforseveraldaysinthefridge.Heneverkeepsangryforalongtime.

系动词分为五种1、状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,而且主语不同，be的形式也不同，且有时态的变化。这是我们最常见的系动词。Sheisverybeautiful.她非常漂亮。2、持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,remain,stay,lie,stand等Healwayskeptsilentatmeeting.他开会时总保持沉默。3、感官动词

感官动词主要有feel,sound,seem,smell,sound,taste,appear,look等

Helookstired.

他看起来很累。Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.我好像听到某处水龙头流水的声音。Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.她仿佛觉得她的头要裂开了。Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.那条河好像笼罩在烟雾之中。4、变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.Hebecamemadafterthat.自那之后,他疯了。Shegrewrichwithinashorttime.她没多长时间就富了。

5、终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,trunout,表达"证实","变成"之意.Therumorprovedfalse.这谣言证实有假。Thesearchproveddifficult.搜查证实很难。Hisplanturnedoutasuccess.他的计划终于成功了。2.功能①

Hisplanistocleantheroom.他的计划是打扫房间。Thestudentsaretomeetattheschoolgatetomorrow.明天学生们将在学校大门口见面。DiscoverandFindPresentation主语(事物)＋be＋不定式(作表语)表示主语的具体内容主语(人)＋be＋不定式(作表语)表示将来，为“即将”之意。Function1.表示将来或预计Idon’tknowwhatistohappentousifwegoonlikethis.如果我们这样下去,我不知道我们会发生什么事。IwenttohavealookattheroomwhereIwastotalkthatafternoon.我去看了一下那个房间,那天下午我要在那里讲话。Function2.表示目的Thenextstepistomakesurethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.下一步你要弄清楚真正需要的是什么。Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinchildren.教育的目的是发展孩子们美好的品格。Function3.表示计划或意图Theyaretobemarriednextweek.他们打算下周结婚。Theyaretofinishtheworkbeforethemanagercomesback.他们计划在经理回来前完成工作。注意:该结构也可用于条件状语从句。IfI’mtobethereontime,Imustleaveatonce.如果我要想准时赶到那儿,我就必须马上动身。Function4.表示命令或规定Visitorsaretoleavewhenthebellrings.来访者必须在铃响时离开。YouaretofinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.你得做完了作业才能看电视。Shecangototheparty,butshe’snottobebacklate.她可以去参加聚会,但不能晚归。常用不定式作表语的情况

（1）当主语是建议:suggestion,advice,proposal目标与计划:aim,goal,purpose,plan梦想与希望:dream,wish,hope职责:duty3.【用法】常用动词不定式作表语，表示主语的内容例句Thepurposeofeducationistodevelopafinepersonalityinstudents.Thedutyofthepoliceistokeep

ussafe.Thesuggestion

foryouistostudy

hard.Mydreamis___________(become)apainter.MysuggestionaboutimprovingEnglishis________(memorize)wordseveryday.Mydutyis____________(help)mystudentsimprovetheirEnglish.Mynextplanis____________(take)partinacompetition.tocometomemorizetohelptotake（2）以What引导的主语从句，常用不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。WhatIsuggest

is

toaskyourfriendsandteachersforhelp.Whathewants

is

tosolvetheproblem.Whatmatters/countsmost

is

toconcentrateonyourfavouritethings.Tip2：当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词_____或者主语被___________________或形容词________修饰时，其后可接“系动词+不定式”作句子的表语。ObserveandDiscoverAllhewantedwas_______________.

他只想一个人待着。TheleastIcandotohelpis________________.

我所能帮的最起码的事是借给她一辆车。tobeleftalonetolendheracarallonly,first,one,least最高级动词不定式（4）表“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、愿望、意愿、禁止、预期的结果等”

Theyaretomarrynextweek.Youmustbepatientandpersistentifyouaretosucceed.Youare

tohaveaface-to-facetalkwiththem.Studentsarenottousemobilephoneinschool.（表安排）（表禁止）（表劝告）（表愿望）Wearetotravelintwoyears.(表想法)Asplanned,wearetoholdthetalentshowtoday.(表计划，安排)Youaretofinishyourhomeworkontime.(表义务)（5）动词不定式作表语可用于被动语态，相当于___________________________________，具有情态意义。

Theregulationsare__________________.=Theregulationsmustbeobserved.Youare_______________.=Youshouldberewarded.tobeobservedtoberewardedcan/could,should,oughtto,must（6）某些动词不定式(短语)作表语时，需用主动形式表示被动

Whois_____________thefire?谁应为这场大火承担责任？Thehouseis_________.此房出租。toblamefortolet⁠

⁠完成句子①Findingasmallneighbourhoodinavastcountryproved

tobeimpossible

⁠.

在一个辽阔的国家里找一个小社区被证明是不可能的。②

WhatamItosay

⁠iftheyaskmethequestion？

要是他们问我这个问题，我该怎么回答呢？③Thesebooks

arenottobesold

⁠.

这些书不应该被卖掉。④Inmyopinion，

sheistoblame

⁠.

在我看来，她应该受到责备。tobeimpossible

WhatamItosay

arenottobesold

sheistoblame

不定式作表语，可以省略to的情况

动词不定式(短语)作表语时，一般情况下不定式to不能省略，但当前面的主语中有do的某种形式时，作表语的不定式可以省略to。

eg:

Whatyoushoulddonextis(to)helphimwithhisEnglish.Theonlythinghecandonowis

(to)giveup

theplan.Allyouneedtodois(to)readyourbookcarefully.前有do,后省to

对比填空P11①Myambitionis___________(work)inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.②WhatIwanttodois_______(work)inthecomputerindustrywhenIgrowup.③Themostimportantthingtodois_______(conquer)yourself.④Themostdifficultthingis_______(get)thiscompanyrunningsmoothly.

toworkworkconquertoget37.用于seem,appear,remain,prove,turnout等之后。Severalproblemsremain

.WhenIenteredtheroom,sheseemed

(read)anovel.tobereadingSomethingproved

(go)wrongwiththatwashingmaching.tohavegonetobesettled【造句练习】1.是否参加比赛还有待讨论。2.他好像在来上学前就已经感冒了。3.科学家们似乎在这个领域正在不断取得进步。Whethertoparticipateinthecompetitionremainstobediscussed.Heseemedtohavecaughtacoldbeforegoingtoschool.Thescientists

appeartobemakingconstantprogressinthisfield.Exploregrammar8.Togothereatthishourwastoriskone’slife.Toaskhimesuchquestionsistoirritatehims.Toseeistobelieve.Tohearistoobey.Tip1:当句子的主语是___________时，系动词后可接不定式作表语，用于解释主语所描述的________或说明该行为带来的________。不定式行为结果

辨析

不定式做表语和动名词做表语的区别不定式作表语强调的是________________________的动作动名词作表语强调的是_______________________的动作①Ourworkis

(serve)thepeople.②Myjobtodayis___________(clean)theclassroom.Hisjobistopaintthewallswithintwohours.Hisjobispaintingwalls.暂时的工作日常的工作servingtoclean一次性、具体的、将要发生一般性、抽象的、经常发生⁠

⁠完成句子①Myjobis

teachingyouEnglish

⁠.

我的工作是教你们英语。②Hisdreamis

tobeadoctor

⁠afterhegrowsup.

他的梦想是长大后当一名医生。teachingyouEnglish

tobeadoctor

原则1:形式上，最好保持一致

Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.

眼见为实原则2:表达某一特定的行为，尤其是将来的行为，通常用todo作表语

Herdreamistobeanartist.Myplanistopurchaseanewrealisticpainting.

原则3:表达经常性的行为，常用doing作表语Myhobbyispainting.Myfavoritethingispaintingportraits.

动词不定式作表语1.

当主语是建议、目标与计划、梦想与愿望、职责时，表示主语的内容，2.以What引导的主语从句，说明主语的内容。6.

主动形式表示被动意义4.

表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等3.

当主语包含定语从句且其先行词为代词all5.

用于被动语态，相当于can/could,should,oughtto,must,具有情态意义Summary1.Themottoofthelittleboywhowassufferingfromamusclediseasewas_______(live)oneday.2.Itisyou,includingyourcousin,that____________(blame)forthelossofthegoldenchance.tolivearetoblame3.Thenextstepis________surethatyouknowexactlywhatisrequired.4.Thepurposeofeducationis___________(develop)afinepersonalityinchildren.tomaketodevelop5.Oneofthemostdamagingthingsaparentcoulddowas___________(punish)theirchildrenforpoormarks.6.Youappear__________