福建省厦门科技中学高二下学期3月月考英语试题

20202021高二（下）科技中学3月月考第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.SunnyB.RainyC.Cloudy2.Whatdayisittoday?A.December23rd.B.December24th.C.December25th.3.Howwillthemangotowork?A.Bytaxi.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inabookstore.C.Inalibrary.5.WhyisthemanunabletogobackfortheSpringFestival?A.Heneedstostayinhospital.B.Hehastogoabroad.C.Heneedstoworkovertime.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatisthewomanreporting?A.Amedicalemergency.B.Abreakin.C.Acaraccident.7.Howsoonwillthepolicearrive?A.In5minutes.B.In10minutes.C.In15minutes.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whatwasthemandissatisfiedwithabouthistrip?A.Theweather.B.Theviews.C.Theacmodation.9.Whatdidthewomandoforthewinterholiday?A.Shejuststayedathome.B.ShetraveledtoHarbin.C.Shedidaparttimejob.10.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Classmates.C.Relatives.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewomandoingprobably?A.Playingavideogame.B.Shoppingonline.C.Watchingaprogram.12.HowlonghasthemanhadhisTV?A.For2years.B.For5years.C.For10years.13.What’sthewoman’sattitudetothe“throwawayculture”?A.Supportive.B.Neutral.C.Opposed.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whydoesthewomanwanttobuyabookshelf?A.Sheaccidentallybroketheoldone.B.Shejustmovedtoanewhome.CSheispreparingabirthdaygift.15.Whatpreventsthewomanfrombuyingthefirstbookshelf?A.Theprice.B.Thecolor.C.Thematerial.16.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodointheend?A.Makethepayment.B.Askherbrother’sopinion.C.Browseinsomeotherstores.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoputpressureontheparktoissuetheban?A.Theanimalactivistgroups.B.Thegovernmentauthorities.C.Thesympathetictourists.18.Howmanyelephantsarestillwaitingtoberelocated?A.2B.12C.1419.Whatcausedtheelephant’sdeath?A.Disease.B.Illegalhunting.C.Tiredness.20.What’stheeffectofthebanonvisitornumbers?A.Itisstillunknownyet.B.Itwilldecreasethemgreatly.C.Italmosthasnoinfluenceonthem.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThenewLivelyFlipfromthemakersofJitterbug®ThenewLivelyFlipmakesiteasytocall,text,andhelpsyoustaysafeandhealthy.EASYTOUSEAlargescreen,bigbuttonsandlistbasedmenumaketheLivelyFlipaneasywaytostayconnectedtofriendsandfamily.Alonglastingbatteryandpowerfulspeakermakeconversationsloudandclear.Plus,withAmazonAlexayoucanuseyourvoicetomakecalls,writetexts,andmore.EASYTOSTAYSAFEFeelpreparedandprotectedanytime,anywherewithourEmergentResponseService.AndwithEmergentCare,youcanspeaktoalivenurseordoctorrightfromthefortofyourhome.WiththeLivelyFlip,helpisavailablewheneveryouneedit.EASYTOALERTLOVEDONESTheLivelyFlipkeepsallyourlovedonesinformedaboutyourwellbeingwhentheydownloadtheJitterbug®Linkapptotheirsmartphones.Youcanstayactiveandindependentwhiletheyfeelmoreconnectedandreassured(放心的).BuynowandgetaFREECarCharger,a$25value!Toorderorlearnmore,cal1.WhatistheLivelyFlip?A.Aputer. B.Acellphone. C.Acarcharger. D.Anewatch.2.WhatcanyoudowiththeLivelyFlip?A.Keepinformedofyourlove’swellbeing.B.DownloadtheJitterbug®Linkappsforfree.C.Buildalongtermrelationshipwithadoctor.D.Sendmessagesormakecallsbyusingyourvoice.3.WhoistheLivelyFlipprobablyintendedfor?A.Teenagerswhoseekonlinefriendships.B.Nursingworkerswholookafterpatients.C.Sickpeoplewhoarestayinginhospital.D.Elderlypeoplewholivebythemselves【答案】1.B2.D3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Jitterbug®制造商推出了新款LivelyFlip，这是一款便于打、发短信，并能帮助使用者保持安全和健康的。文章对其进行了广告宣传。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThenewLivelyFlipmakesiteasytocall,text,andhelpsyoustaysafeandhealthy.(新的LivelyFlip很容易打、发短信，并帮助你保持安全和健康)”和倒数第二段第一句“TheLivelyFlipkeepsallyourlovedonesinformedaboutyourwellbeingwhentheydownloadtheJitterbug®Linkapptotheirsmartphones.(当Jitterbug®链接应用程序到他们的智能上后，LivelyFlip可以让你所有的亲人了解你的健康)”可推知，LivelyFlip是一款。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Plus,withAmazonAlexayoucanuseyourvoicetomakecalls,writetexts,andmore.(此外，有了亚马逊Alexa，你可以用你的声音打、写短信等等)”可知，用LivelyFlip可以用自己的声音发短信或打。故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Alargescreen,bigbuttonsandlistbasedmenumaketheLivelyFlipaneasywaytostayconnectedtofriendsandfamily.Alonglastingbatteryandpowerfulspeakermakeconversationsloudandclear.Plus,withAmazonAlexayoucanuseyourvoicetomakecalls,writetexts,andmore.(大屏幕、大按钮和基于列表的菜单使LivelyFlip成为与朋友和家人保持联系的简单方式。一个持久的电池和强大的扬声器使对话响亮而清晰。此外，有了亚马逊Alexa，你可以用你的声音打、写短信等等)”，第三段“Feelpreparedandprotectedanytime,anywherewithourEmergentResponseService.AndwithEmergentCare,youcanspeaktoalivenurseordoctorrightfromthefortofyourhome.WiththeLivelyFlip,helpisavailablewheneveryouneedit.(随时随地使用我们的应急响应服务，感受准备和保护。有了紧急护理，你可以在舒适的家中与护士或医生交谈。有了LivelyFlip，你随时都可以得到帮助)”和第四段“TheLivelyFlipkeepsallyourlovedonesinformedaboutyourwellbeingwhentheydownloadtheJitterbug®Linkapptotheirsmartphones.Youcanstayactiveandindependentwhiletheyfeelmoreconnectedandreassured(放心的).(LivelyFlip让您所有的亲人了解您的健康，当他们Jitterbug®链接应用程序到他们的智能。你可以保持积极和独立，而他们会感到更有联系和放心)”可推知，LivelyFlip的目标客户可能是独居老人。故选D。BMozartwasagenius,buthestruggledlikeanaveragepersonduringearlytwenties.Hehadtoworktomakeendsmeet.Underpaidandunsatisfiedbyhisaverageperformances,hefeltaburningdesiretodevotemoretimeandenergytohisart.Soafteraperiodofdoubtandthinking,that'sexactlywhathedid.Hequithisjobandbeganwhatturnedouttobethemostcreativeperiodofhislife.EvenifyouneverhopetoreachMozart’slevelofmastery,youmayrelatetohisneedtobreakfreefromconvention(传统).Maybeyou’vedoneeverythingright—stoodoutatschool,andgotahighpayingjob—butyou’retiredofbeingjustlikeeveryoneelse.Maybeyoulongtoachievesomethingthatisunmistakablyyou.What,then,isholdingyouback?RichKarlgaard,thepublisherofForbesmagazineandauthorofLateBloomers,arguesthatourculture’sobsession(痴迷)withearlyachievementdiscouragesusfromgoingafterwhatwelove.Insteadofhavingvariedinterests,studyingwidely,andtakingourtime—essentials(要素)forselfdiscovery—we’reencouragedtopasstests,beespecialistsrightaway,andpursuesafeandsecurecareers.Asaresult,mostofusendupchoosingprofessionalexcellenceoverpersonalachievement,andoftenweloseourselvesintheprocess.Asyoumoveforward,thereareafewthingstokeepinmind.First,it’snevertoolateto“bee”yourself.Aristotle,forexample,didn’tfullydevotehimselftowritingandphilosophyuntilhewasnearly50.Therearealsobenefitstotakingalong,windingpathtoachievement.Rememberthatageusuallybringswisdom,selfknowledge,andcreativity.Thisisonereasontheaverageageoffoundersofhighgrowthstartupsis45.Ifyouevergetstuck,thinkofJoanne,atalentedandcreativewomanwhobouncedfromjobtojobthroughouthertwenties.Shefeltlikeatotalfailure.Butshetookthatfeelingofhopelessnessandchosetodowhatshe’dalwayswantedtodo:writefantasynovelsforchildren.Asshewouldlaterrecount,“IstoppedpretendingtomyselfthatIwasanythingotherthanwhatIwas.”You’veprobablyheardofher.HerpennameisJ.K.Rowling.Nowgettowork.4.WhatdoestheexampleofMozart(inthefirstparagraph)show?A.Geniusisnothingbutlabor.B.Sufferingmakesamanwise.C.YoushouldsticktowhatinspiresyouD.Youneedtobedifferentfromothers.5.InRichKarlgaard'sopinion,whatpreventspeoplefromgoingafterwhattheylove?A.Desireforearlyachievement.B.Toowidearangeofinterests.C.Awasteoftimeonselfdiscovery.D.Awrongchoiceinprofessions.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefourthparagraphimply?A.Agecanbeanadvantageinone'slife.B.Failureisofgreatvaluetosuccess.C.45istherightageforonetostartbusiness.D.Thepathtoachievementisfullofdifficulties.7.What'sdiemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Tosharesuccessstoriesofsomefamouspeople.B.Tostresstheimportanceofprofessionalexcellence.C.Toanalyzethereasonsforfailuretomakeearlyachievements.D.Toencouragepeopletobeethemselveswhatevertheage.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了几个名人成功的曲折过程以及他们无论何时都坚持做自己的故事。鼓励我们无论在什么年纪都要坚持走自己的路，做自己喜欢的事。【4题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“Underpaidandunsatisfiedbyhisaverageperformances,hefeltaburningdesiretodevotemoretimeandenergytohisart.Soafteraperiodofdoubtandthinking,that'sexactlywhathedid.Hequithisjobandbeganwhatturnedouttobethemostcreativeperiodofhislife.(报酬低，对自己的平均表现不满意，他强烈地想把更多的时间和精力投入到自己的艺术上。所以经过一段时间的怀疑和思考，他就是这么做的。他辞掉了工作，开始了他一生中最有创造力的时期)”可知，莫扎特把更多的时间和精力投入到自己的艺术上，才开启了他一生中最有创造力的时期。由此推知，通过莫扎特的例子，说明人应该坚持去做激励自己的事情。故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第三段“RichKarlgaard,thepublisherofForbesmagazineandauthorofLateBloomers,arguesthatourculture’sobsessionwithearlyachievementdiscouragesusfromgoingafterwhatwelove.(《福布斯》杂志的出版人、《大器晚成》一书的作者RichKarlgaard认为，我们的文化对早期成就的痴迷，阻碍了我们追求自己喜欢的东西)”可知，渴望早日取得成就阻止了人们追求他们所爱的东西。故选A项。【6题详解】句意猜测题。通过划线句上文“First,it’snevertoolateto“bee”yourself.Aristotle,forexample,didn’tfullydevotehimselftowritingandphilosophyuntilhewasnearly50.(首先，“成为”你自己永远不嫌晚。例如，亚里士多德直到将近50岁才完全投身于写作和哲学)”可知，亚里士多德为了成功也经历了许多。以及后文“Rememberthatageusuallybringswisdom,selfknowledge,andcreativity.(记住，阅历通常带来智慧、自知之明和创造力)”可推知，划线句的意思是“走一条漫长曲折的道路取得成就也有好处”，即年龄在一个人的生活中可能是一个优势。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。文章主要讲述了几个名人成功的曲折过程以及他们无论何时都坚持做自己，没有迷失自我的故事。由此推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是鼓励人们在任何年龄都成为自己。故选D项。CModernmedicine’sabilitytokeepusalivemakesittemptingtothinkhumanevolutionmayhavestopped.ButifwelookattherateofourDNA’sevolution,wecanseethathumanevolutionhasn’tstopped–itmayevenbehappeningfasterthanbefore.EvolutionisagradualchangetotheDNAofaspeciesovermanygenerations.Itcanoccurbynaturalselection,whencertaintraitscreatedbygeneticchangeshelpanorganismsurviveorreproduce.Suchgenesarethusmorelikelytobepassedontothenextgeneration,sotheyincreaseinfrequencyinapopulation.Gradually,thesechangesandtheirassociatedtraitsbeemoremonamongthewholegroup.BylookingatglobalstudiesofourDNA,wecanseeevidencethatnaturalselectionhasrecentlymadechangesandcontinuestodoso.Thoughmodernhealthcaredisruptsakeydrivingforceofevolutionbykeepingsomepeoplealivelonger,incountrieswithoutaccesstogoodhealthcare,populationsarecontinuingtoevolve.Survivorsofinfectiousdiseaseoutbreaksdrivenaturalselectionbygivingtheirgeneticresistancetooffspring.OurDNAshowsevidenceforrecentselectionforresistanceofkillerdiseaseslikeLassafeverandmalaria.Selectioninresponsetomalariaremainsinregionswherethediseaseremainsmon.Humansarealsoadaptingtotheirenvironment.GenechangeallowinghumanstoliveathighaltitudeshavebeemoremoninpopulationsinTibet,Ethiopia,andtheAndes.ThespreadofgeneticchangesinTibetispossiblythefastestevolutionarychangeinhumans,occurringoverthepast3,000years.Thisrapidincreaseinfrequencyofamutatedgenethatincreasesbloodoxygencontentgiveslocalsasurvivaladvantageinhigheraltitudes,resultinginmoresurvivingchildren.Dietisanothersourceforadaptations.Studiesshowthatnaturalselectionfavoringachangeallowingadultstoproducelactase–theenzyme(酶)thatbreaksdownmilksugars–iswhysomegroupsofpeoplecandigestmilk.Over80percentofnorthwestEuropeanscan,butinpartsofEastAsia,wheremilkismuchlessmonlydrunk,aninabilitytodigestlactoseisthenorm.Likehighaltitudeadaptation,selectiontodigestmilkhasevolvedmorethanonceinhumansandmaybethestrongestkindofrecentselection.Yet,despitethesechanges,naturalselectiononlyaffectsabout8percentofourgenome.Butscientistscan’texplainwhysomegenesareevolvingmuchfasterthanothers.WemeasurethespeedofgeneevolutionbyparinghumanDNAwiththatofotherspecies.Onefastevolvinggeneishumanacceleratedregion1(HAR1),whichisneededduringbraindevelopment.ArandomsectionofhumanDNAisonaveragemorethan98percentidenticaltothechimpparator,butHAR1issofastevolvingthatit’sonlyaround85percentsimilar.Thoughscientistscanseethesechangesarehappening–andhowquickly–westilldon’tfullyunderstandwhyfastevolutionhappenstosomegenesbutnotothers.8.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Evolutionoccursamongseveralpeopleovernight.B.Genesmaychangeandsomearebeneficialtopeople’slives.C.Evolutionisdonewhenthewholepopulationpossessesacertaingene.D.Thechangedgenesleadingtohighersurvivalratesarechosendeliberately.9.Theunderlinedword“disrupts”inparagraph3canbebestreplacedby________.A.explains B.causes C.upsets D.heals10.Theauthorillustrateshumans’ongoingevolutionwiththefollowingexamplesEXCEPTthat__________.A.somepeoplecanresistinfectiousdiseaseslikemalariaB.childreninTibettoleratelivingenvironmentswiththinairC.northwesternEuropeansdigestlactosebetterthanEastAsiansD.thehumangeneHAR1resemblesthatofachimptoalesserextent11.Whichofthefollowingmayserveasthetitle?A.WhatIsNaturalSelection?B.AreHumansStillEvolving?C.WhyWillCertainGenesEvolve?D.HowDoMutatedGenesFunction?【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章作者通过分析研究和例子告诉读者：人类的进化还在进行，并没有停止。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“EvolutionisagradualchangetotheDNAofaspeciesovermanygenerations.Itcanoccurbynaturalselection,whencertaintraitscreatedbygeneticchangeshelpanorganismsurviveorreproduce.Suchgenesarethusmorelikelytobepassedontothenextgeneration,sotheyincreaseinfrequencyinapopulation.Gradually,thesechangesandtheirassociatedtraitsbeemoremonamongthewholegroup.”（进化是一个物种的DNA在许多代中逐渐改变的过程。它可以通过自然选择发生，当遗传变化产生的某些特征帮助生物体生存或繁殖时。这样的基因更有可能传递给下一代，因此它们在种群中出现的频率会增加。渐渐地，这些变化及其相关特征在整个群体中变得更加普遍。）可知，基因可能会改变，其中一些对人们的生活有益。故选B项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。划线后提及到“akeydrivingforceofevolution”（进化的一个关键驱动力）在此应指代前文提及的“naturalselection”（自然选择）。根据常识，人类通过现代医疗保健的方式来延长了一些人的寿命却也是对“自然选择”这一进化关键驱动力的“破坏”。故选C项。10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Survivorsofinfectiousdiseaseoutbreaksdrivenaturalselectionbygivingtheirgeneticresistancetooffspring.OurDNAshowsevidenceforrecentselectionforresistanceofkillerdiseaseslikeLassafeverandmalaria.Selectioninresponsetomalariaremainsinregionswherethediseaseremainsmon.”（传染病爆发的幸存者通过将他们的基因抗性传给后代来推动自然选择。我们的DNA显示了对致命疾病如拉沙热和疟疾的抗性最近选择的证据。在疟疾仍然普遍的地区，针对疟疾的选择仍然存在。），文章第四段“Humansarealsoadaptingtotheirenvironment.GenechangeallowinghumanstoliveathighaltitudeshavebeemoremoninpopulationsinTibet,Ethiopia,andtheAndes.ThespreadofgeneticchangesinTibetispossiblythefastestevolutionarychangeinhumans,occurringoverthepast3,000years.Thisrapidincreaseinfrequencyofamutatedgenethatincreasesbloodoxygencontentgiveslocalsasurvivaladvantageinhigheraltitudes,resultinginmoresurvivingchildren.”（人类也在适应环境。在西藏、埃塞俄比亚和安第斯山脉，允许人类生活在高海拔地区的基因改变已经变得越来越普遍。西藏基因变化的传播可能是人类进化中最快的变化，发生在过去3000年里。这种增加血液含氧量的突变基因频率的快速增加，使当地人在高海拔地区具有生存优势，从而产生更多存活下来的孩子。）和文章第五段“Dietisanothersourceforadaptations.Studiesshowthatnaturalselectionfavoringachangeallowingadultstoproducelactase–theenzyme(酶)thatbreaksdownmilksugars–iswhysomegroupsofpeoplecandigestmilk.Over80percentofnorthwestEuropeanscan,butinpartsofEastAsia,wheremilkismuchlessmonlydrunk,aninabilitytodigestlactoseisthenorm.Likehighaltitudeadaptation,selectiontodigestmilkhasevolvedmorethanonceinhumansandmaybethestrongestkindofrecentselection.”（饮食是适应的另一个来源。研究表明，自然选择有利于使成年人产生乳糖酶(一种分解牛奶糖的酶)的变化，这就是为什么某些群体的人能够消化牛奶。超过80%的西北欧人可以吃到乳糖，但在东亚部分地区，牛奶饮用的普及率要低得多，无法消化乳糖是常见现象。就像高原适应性一样，消化牛奶的选择在人类身上已经进化了不止一次，而且可能是最近最强烈的一种选择。）可知，抵抗某些传染病，适应环境以及饮食适应都是人类正在进化的例子。因此可以依次排除A，B和C。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Modernmedicine’sabilitytokeepusalivemakesittemptingtothinkhumanevolutionmayhavestopped.ButifwelookattherateofourDNA’sevolution,wecanseethathumanevolutionhasn’tstopped–itmayevenbehappeningfasterthanbefore.”（现代医学让我们存活下来的能力让我们很容易认为人类的进化可能已经停止了。但如果我们看看我们DNA的进化速度，我们可以看到人类的进化并没有停止——甚至可能比以前更快。）可知，作者提出观点：人类的进化并没有停止。接着作者分别从抵抗传染病，适应环境以及饮食适应等例子来告诉读者，人类正在进化。因此B选项“人类还在进化吗”符合题意。故选B项。DWeallexperience“ohcrap”moments.Runningintothepersonyoucanceledadatewith—whileyou’reonanotherdate.Realizingyouhit“replyall”onanemailthatyou’ddoanythingtohaveback.Whateverthesituation,thefirstthingyouprobablydoisfreakout.Everybodydoes.Whilemanyofusthinkthatwe’recoolinacrisis,sciencetellsusthatweseldomare.Atthemomentweneedtobekeenlyawareofoursurroundings,ourattentioncantunnelinonthescariestthinginthescene,leavingusunawareoftheothersights,sounds,andevensmellsaroundus.Armedrobbersgounidentifiedbecausewitnessesrememberlittlemorethantheguns.Ourabilitytorememberthethingswedonoticealsobeespromised;wecanbetoldsomething,andtwosecondslaterwe’llforget.Andwejumptoconclusions.Whenwe’refreakedout,we’reanythingbutatourbest.Thesenormalhumanreactionscanbereversed.Onceyoucalmdown,you’llfacethemostroutinelyignoredchallengeofanycrisissituation—identifyingwhatthecrisisisreallyabout.Wetendtomisdiagnoseproblemsbecausewedon’tpracticeforthem.Dothethinkingaheadoftimesoyoucanjustfindthesolutionwhenit’sshowtime.Thisiswhyflightattendantssuggestyoufindtheclosestexitbeforeyoudepart—soyoudon’thavetogoexitshoppingaftertheplanehascaughtfireorissinkingintoariver.Performinginacrisisisbeingmoreimportantforallofus,fortworeasons.Backinthegoodolddays,thereliabilityofmostanythingweusedordidwasfarlessthanitistoday.Nowthinkaboutwhathappenstoourpreparednessasthepossibilityofsomethingbadhappeningshrinks.Unlesswepracticewhathardlyeverhappens,ourabilitytorespondwhenitdoeshappentendstoslipaway.Reliabilitycankillyou.Also,thesystemsweusetodayaremoreplex.Thereareseldommovingpartsinplainviewthatallowustoseewhenthingsareabouttogowrong.Whenplexsystemslacktransparency(透明度,显而易见),serioussituationscan“eoutofnowhere.”Weshouldalllearntobreathe,recognizethesituation,andcarryouttheplanthatweweresmartenoughtopreparewellinadvance.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“freakout”mean?A.Beatone’sbest. B.Calmdowngradually.C.Runawayimmediately. D.Panicorbescared.13.Whydoarmedrobbersgounidentified?A.Becausethewitnessesjumptoconclusions.B.Becausethewitnessesfocusontheirscariestthing.C.Becausethewitnessesforgetwhattheyhavebeentold.D.Becausethewitnessesarekeenlyawareofthesurroundings.14.Whyisitmoreimportantforustoperforminacrisistoday?A.Becauseoflessreliabilityandlessplexity.B.Becauseofmorereliabilityandmoreplexity.C.Becauseofworsetransparencyandlesspreparedness.D.Becauseofbettertransparencyandmorepreparedness.15.Whatwouldthepassagesuggestdoingincaseafirebreaksout?A.Takingadeepbreathanddialing119.B.Stayingcoolandignoringthechallenge.C.Calmingdownandrememberingthesituation.D.Performingescapingandrescuingbeforehand.【答案】12.D13.B14.B15.D【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。主要讲述了我们为什么在危机中很难冷静下来以及遇到危机我们应该做什么。【12题详解】词义猜测题。通过上文的事例Runningintothepersonyoucanceledadatewith—whileyou’reonanotherdate.Realizingyouhit“replyall”onanemailthatyou’ddoanythingtohaveback.(当你在另外一个聚会时遇到了你之前取消聚会的那个人。意识到你在一封邮件上点击了“回复全部”，你会不惜一切代价要回来。)可知，这两件事都是我们人生中不想遇到的事，遇到之后会让我们很担忧和害怕。那么D项Panicorbescared(惊恐或者害怕)满足词义。故此题选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三自然段Atthemomentweneedtobekeenlyawareofoursurroundings,ourattentioncantunnelinonthescariestthinginthescene,leavingusunawareoftheothersights,sounds,andevensmellsaroundus.Armedrobbersgounidentifiedbecausewitnessesrememberlittlemorethantheguns.(在我们需要敏锐地意识到周围环境的时候，我们的注意力可以集中在场景中最可怕的东西上，让我们不知道周围的其他景象、声音甚至气味。持枪抢劫犯身份不明，因为目击者只记得枪)通过这两句话可知，抢劫分子身份不明的原因是因为最令人害怕的枪让我们忽视了周围的其他事物。所以B项Becausethewitnessesfocusontheirscariestthing.(因为目击者的专注力都在最令人害怕的事物上)满足题意。故此题选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的performinacrisistoday定位到第四自然段第一句，我们可知原因有两个。根据Backinthegoodolddays,thereliabilityofmostanythingweusedordidwasfarlessthanitistoday.(在过去的美好时光里，我们使用或做过的大多数事情的可靠性都远远低于今天)和Also,thesystemsweusetodayaremoreplex.(而且，我们今天使用的系统更为复杂)我们可以知道危机中表现得越来越重要的原因是可靠性和复杂性。故此题选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三自然段Dothethinkingaheadoftimesoyoucanjustfindthesolutionwhenit’sshowtime.Thisiswhyflightattendantssuggestyoufindtheclosestexitbeforeyoudepart—soyoudon’thavetogoexitshoppingaftertheplanehascaughtfireorissinkingintoariver.(提前思考，这样你就可以在展示时间找到解决方案。这就是为什么乘务员建议你在起飞前找到最近的出口——这样你就不必在飞机着火或坠入河里之后寻找出口)以及最后一句话Weshouldalllearntobreathe,recognizethesituation,andcarryouttheplanthatweweresmartenoughtopreparewellinadvance.(我们都应该学会呼吸，认清形势，并执行我们足够聪明的计划，提前做好准备)我们可以推断出在遇到紧急情况之前，我们就应该做好思考，以便找出最好的解决方案。所以遇到火灾时，最好就是提前预想如何逃生和营救。故D项Performingescapingandrescuingbeforehand.(预先进行逃生和营救)满足推断。故此题选D。第二节（共5题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有两项为多余选项。ThingsIWishSomeoneHadToldMeAboutHighSchoolAsateenager,yougetalotofthingsshoutedatyoufromalldifferentdirectionsandit'softenoverwhelming.1.Highschoolisneverlikeitisinthemovies.Asafreshman,everythingissonewandyou'redealingwiththeconstantfeelingofapathyallwhilecaringwaytoomuch.It'sadelicatebalancethatIthinkonlyteenagersaloneeverunderstandfully.___16___Expectchange,butdon'ttrysohardtofantasizeit.2.Makefriendswithyourteachers.Notalloftheteacherswillbefair,oreventolerable,andwhilethatmayinspireyoutowanttotakeyourfirstdignifiedstandagainsttoday'seducationsystem,itwon'tpreventyoufromfailing.___17___Payattentioninclassbecauseno,you'renot"toocoolforschool."3.___18___You'regoingtomeetpeoplewhoaredealingwithallkindsofproblems.Maybeyou'llbetheoneexperiencingthesethings,andinthatcase,whatwouldyouwantyourfriendtodoforyou?Sometimesyouwon'tfeellikebeingthere,maybeyou'llbetootiredtolisten,butit'llbeworthitintheendifyoureallyjustmakeyourselfreliable.4.DonotsinkinselfpityOfcourse,feelingsorryforyourselfisokay,it'sevenhealthy!Butwhenyou'rethepersonwho'salwaysplainingaboutyourselfandyourlifeandquestioningallthebadthingsthathappentoyou,nooneisgoingtowanttotalktoyou.___19___5.Youarebeautiful,intelligent,andworthit.___20___You'resurroundedbyhundredsofotherpeoplewhoareevenbetteratthethingsyouthoughtyouwerebestat.Stopparingyourself.You'renotstupidbecauseyoufailedahistorytest.Youareyourselfandthat'sallyoueverwillbe.A.Respectyourteachers.B.Loweryourexpectations.C.Haveapityonyourfriends.D.Nobodyisgoingtofeelsorryforyou.E.Mostteenagersexperiencelowselfesteem.F.Manyteensoftenshowemotionalmoods.G.Bethekindoffriendyouwouldwant.【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.D20.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作为中学，生最希望别人告诉自己的五件事——高中从来不像电影里那样；与你的老师交朋友；成为你想要的朋友那样的人；不要自怨自艾；不要自卑。【16题详解】B由本文的小标题“Highschoolisneverlikeitisinthemovies.”高中从来不像电影里那样。以及本段最后一句“Expectchange,butdon'ttrysohardtofantasizeit.”，期待改变，但不要想尽办法去幻想。可知与expectation有关的只有Bloweryourexpectations.，而expect与名词expectation是同义词复现。故选B。【17题详解】A本段的小标题是“Makefriendswithyourteachers.”与老师交朋友。以及下文“Payattentioninclass”上课要认真听讲，由此可推断出此处讲是关于如何对待老师或课堂表现的，即：要尊重老师，故选A。【18题详解】G由本段内容“You'regoingtomeetpeoplewhoaredealingwithallkindsofproblems.Maybeyou'llbetheoneexperiencingthesethings,andinthatcase,whatwouldyouwantyourfriendtodoforyou?Sometimesyouwon'tfeellikebeingthere,maybeyou'llbetootiredtolisten,butit'llbeworthitintheendifyoureallyjustmakeyourselfreliable.”：你会遇到有各种问题要处理的人，也许你也会经历那些事。如果是这样的话你想让你朋友为你做点什么？有时你不想呆在那儿，也许你会累和不想听，但如果你真的让自己可靠的话，最终还是值得的。由此可推断出本段主要是说要站在朋友的角度，成为你想要的朋友那样的人。故选G。【19题详解】D本段的小标题“.Donotsinkinselfpity”不要自怨自艾。以及空前一句“nooneisgoingtowanttotalktoyou.”也没有人会和你说话，可知，D项nobodyisgoingtofeelsorryforyou.与上一句句式一致，是对上文的进一步说明，故选D。【20题详解】E根据本空后内容“You'resurroundedbyhundredsofotherpeoplewhoareevenbetteratthethingsyouthoughtyouwerebestat.Stopparingyourself.You'renotstupidbecauseyoufailedahistorytest.Youareyourselfandthat'sallyoueverwillbe.”：你周围有成百上千的人，他们在你认为自己最擅长的事情上做得更好。别再拿自己作比较了。你不是因为历史考试不及格而愚蠢的。你就是你自己，这就是你永远的样子，可知与别人比较会让自己自卑。选项中的lowselfesteem是关键词。故选E。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。InthetownofWhitesburg,Kentucky,MickPolly,knownasthebikeman,hasbuilthundredsofbicyclesforneedykids.Onedayin2011,a13yearoldboywitha(n)___21___bikewalkedbyMick’shouse.“Iwasworkinginmygarage,andheaskedifIcould___22___it,”saidMick.Theboy___23___hisbike,whichhadabrokenbracket(支架),withMick,whoaskedfriendsonFacebookiftheyhadthe___24___part.Apolicemansawthepostanddonatedtwoused___25___.Micktookpartsfromeachto___26___anewsetofwheelsfortheboy.Soonafter,Mick___27___abikefortheboy’sbrotherandassembled(装配)oneforhissister.Withintheyear,hehadfixedupdozensofbikesforthe___28___kidswhoseparentscouldn’t___29___tobuynewones.“Peoplewere____30____offusedbikeseveryday,”saidMick,“andItakeoffthe____31_