专题44 语法填空之自由填空（讲案）原卷版

15/21高考一轮复习知识清单专题44语法填空之自由填空满分策略（讲案）原卷版（快问快答+思维导图+考法点拨+真题再练+名校模拟）目录一、语法填空快问快答P2二、语法填空高考考情P2三、语法填空解题策略P3四、语法填空思维导图P4五、语法填空考法点拨P4考法一：自由填空如何确定填介词P4考法二：自由填空如何确定填冠词P5考法三：自由填空如何确定代词P7考法四：自由填空如何确定并列连词P9考法五：自由填空如何确定定语从句关系词P11考法六：自由填空如何确定名词性从句连接词P14考法七：自由填空如何确定状语从句连接词P15六、语法填空真题演练(2023题组6篇)P16七、语法填空名校模拟(6篇)P19一、语法填空快问快答Q1：语法填空有什么特点？A1：在一篇200词左右的语篇中留出10处空白，给词填空占6—7个小题，每空最多填写三个单词，自由填空题设3—4个小题，每空只填一词。Q2：语法填空做题步骤如何？A2：第一，通读全文、明确大意。在通读全文的过程中，弄清文章的体裁、题材(话题)、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等，这不仅有利于读懂全文大意，也有利于填空时必要的逻辑推理。第二，细读全文、逐项填空、先易后难。分出有提示词和无提示词两类，分析提示词词性。重点分析空格句子的语法结构。先易后难，利用下文，或在核查时进一步联系上、下文推理解答。第三，复读全文、清除难点。将所有答案填进短文中并进行通读。通读时注意上下文间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。Q3：语法填空有哪些命题趋势？A3：高考英语语法填空命题注重通过精选语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴，引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀，坚定文化自信，拓展国际视野，在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解，推动世界文明共同发展。一是考查中国传统文化，二是考查生活故事，三是考查科学技术进步。Q4：如何提高语法填空正答率？A4：一要掌握语法填空命题规律，熟能生巧，二要不断扩大词汇量，尤其是3500高考高频词汇变形和固定搭配，三要广泛进行专项训练，积累做题经验，摸索出一套行之有效的个性化做题模式，四要重视纠错，探寻错误原因，防止出现类似错误。二、语法填空高考考情2020-2024年高考语法填空考点统计年份卷别词数给词提示型无提示词型谓语非谓语名词形容词副词代词介词冠词数词并列句复合句2024新课标I卷2431231111新课标Ⅱ卷220232111全国甲卷22321211122023新课标I卷203421111新课标Ⅱ卷21111221111全国甲卷2201311211全国乙卷20123111112022新课标I卷22922111111新课标Ⅱ卷2252212111全国甲卷2191312111全国乙卷222131111112021新课标I卷20011131111新课标Ⅱ卷22012121111全国甲卷1862212111全国乙卷204122111112020新课标I国I卷210311212全国Ⅱ卷2081312111全国III卷235321211点评：1.文章长约200个词，设空10个。设空密度科学合理；2.给词填空占6-7空，自由填空占3-4空；3.谓语和非谓语动词是每年必考点，并列句和复合句也是高考热点；4.实词为主，虚词为辅；介词考查相对比较频繁。三、语法填空解题策略1.浏览全文，明确大意浏览全文的目的是尽快把握其大意，利用“大意”这条“主线”来引导自己，为下一步填空作好准备。除大意之外，在通读全文的过程中，考生有必要弄清该文的体裁、题材、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等。了解这些问题，有利于考生真正读懂全文大意，也有利于在填空时进行必要的逻辑推理。2.细读全文，逐项填空了解文章大意之后，就可以着手填空了。考生填空的过程实际上是一个判断空缺部分的语义（已给出词语的除外）和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到无法确定的题目，可以先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。对于这些没有答出的题目，后面的内容有可能会给出提示，或者在核查时联系上下文进行推理。 3.实用技能，反复验证语法填空两个重要理念：一是同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查todo,-ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇一般只考查一次。二是括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。括号内给动词的三种填法：一是谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；二是非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；三是动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：一看句子明确的时间状语，如inthepastthreemonths;二看句子特定的句型，如Thisisthefirsttimethat…;三看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；四看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。4.复读全文，调整答案在答题时间充裕的情况下，复查是必要的。复查的方法是将所有答案代入短文中进行检查，以最后确定答案。通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的问题。一旦理顺全文信息且多数空也已填好，一开始感到棘手的难点很可能此时已迎刃而解。四、语法填空思维导图五、语法填空考法点拨考法一：自由填空如何确定填介词当空格后出现的是名词、代词或者动名词，且这些词不作主语、宾语或者表语时，需要考虑填介词。【思维导图】【解题技法】类别解题思路时间名词前的介词年月周前要用in，日子前面却要禁。遇到几号要用on，上午下午又是in。要说某日上下午，用on换in才能行。午夜黄昏须用at，黎明用它也不错。at也用在时分前。地点和方式名词的介词在……里，用in；在……上，用on；穿过……，用through/across；通过……方式，用by；借助……工具，用with等。“介词＋n.”搭配byaccident，introuble，inspiteof，inhonourof，insearchof，invain，inturn，inreturn，atrisk，onboard，onaverage等。“vi.＋介词”搭配remindsb.ofsth.，robsb.ofsth.，gobackto/datefrom，exchange...for...，runoutof，accountfor，agreewith等。“adj.＋介词”搭配beknownas，becuriousabout，beproudof，berichin，bedevotedto等。【真题调研】【调研01】（2024新课标I卷）TheGlasshousestandsagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute…【调研02】（2024全国甲卷）Thisarea,withitsuniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreserved__________allpeopleofthenationtoenjoy-asanationalpark.【调研03】(2024九省联考卷)Hefeelsthatneathandwritingisstillanimportantskill,sohehashisstudentswritenotonlybyhandbutalso__________oldfashionedfountainpens.【调研04】(2023浙江1月卷)ThankstoBeijing’slonghistory___________capitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoricevents.【调研05】（2022新课标I卷）Giantpandasalsoserve__________anumbrellaspecies(物种),bringingprotectiontoahostofplantsandanimalsinthesouthwesternandnorthwesternpartsofChina.【调研06】（2022全国甲卷）Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers_________Xi’antoKashgaronseat20,planningtohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.【调研07】(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourismhasitsoriginwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconcept__________thelate1980s.【调研08】(2020新课标卷)Museumsmustcompete__________people’ssparetimeandmoneywithotheramusements.Mostmuseumsalsowelcomeschoolgroupsandarrangespecialactivitiesforchildren.考法二：自由填空如何确定填冠词若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。【思维导图】【解题技法】考查方向解题思路不定冠词a/an1.在文中第一次提到可数名词单数时，一般为泛指，用不定冠词a/an。2.在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”时，用不定冠词a/an。3.a一般用于发音以辅音音素开头的名词前，an一般用于发音以元音音素开头的名词前(注意：并不是指辅音字母或者元音字母开头的单词)。定冠词the1.第二次及以后提到时表特指，用定冠词the。2.当名词后有定语修饰时，多数情况用定冠词the。3.用在序数词或最高级前或有only，very，same等修饰的名词前。4.用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。5.用于表示姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇俩”。6.用于世界上独一无二的事物前。7.用于被演奏的西洋乐器前。固定搭配与定冠词the连用的常用短语：ontheotherhandbythewaytaketheplaceof...inthefrontof...allovertheworldattheendofthesame(...)asbytheendof...inthebeginningatthesametimeatthebeginningof...atthemoment【真题调研】【调研01】（2024新课标I卷）Further,theSilkRouteGardenaroundthegreenhousewalksvisitorsthroughajourneyinfluencedbytheancientSilkRoad,bywhichsilkaswellasmanyplantspeciescametoBritainfor61firsttime.【调研02】（2024浙江1月卷）Overthelasttwoyears,somesupermarketshavestartedsellingchickenorsaladinpacksdesignedwithtwohalvescontainingseparateportions(份).Then,whenyouuseonesection,____________otherstaysfresh.【调研03】（2023新高考I卷）Themeatshouldbefreshwith43touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.【调研04】（2023新高考II卷）Notthepandas,eventhough39languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.【调研05】（2023浙江1月卷）Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflectcultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.【调研06】（2022新高考I卷）Coveringanareaaboutthreetimes___________sizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.【调研07】（2022新高考II卷）___________BrownfamilyliveinanapartmentbuildingoutsideToronto.Onthedayoftheaccident,Mrs.BrownwasatworkandEricwasathomewithhisfather.【调研08】（2021年新高考I卷）Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanis___________musttovisit!考法三：自由填空如何确定代词当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。【思维导图】【解题技法】考查方向解题思路人称代词1.提示词为代词，当句子缺少主语时，应考虑人称代词主格(we，he，it，they等)形式。2.提示词为代词，当句子缺少宾语或表语时应考虑人称代词宾格(me，her，them等)形式。物主代词1.提示词为代词，当句子缺少定语时，应考虑形容词性物主代词(my，its，their等)形式。2.提示词为代词，当句子缺少主语或宾语，且表示拥有者时，应考虑名词性物主代词(mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs等)形式。反身代词提示词为代词，当该词作动词或介词的宾语或表语，且和主语是同一人时，应考虑反身代词(myself，yourself，himself，itself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves等)形式。【解题技法】it典型场合典型示例替代it：it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。Learningisabitterroot,butitbearssweetfruit.学习根苦果甜。Iboughtachair.Itismadeofwood.我买了一把椅子。它是木头做的。Thebabycriedbecauseitwashungry.这个婴儿饿得啼哭。代词it:it指时间、距离、天气等。It's112milesfromLondontoBirmingham.从伦敦到伯明翰有112英里。Whattimeisit?It’stwo-thirty.几点了？现在是两点半。形式it:it作形式主语、宾语，不定式、动名词或从句作真正主语Hefounditexcitingridingtherollercoaster.他觉得坐过山车很刺激。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。It'sapitythatyouhavetogososoon.很遗憾你这么快就得走了。强调it:it用在强调句it's…who/that…中强调主语，宾语或状语Itwashisparentsthatheturnedtoforadvice.他向父母寻求建议。ItwastwoyearsagothatIbegantolearndrawing.正是在两年前我开始学习绘画。无实义it:it仅构成句型，无实义IoweittoyouthatIfinishedmyworkintime.我按时完成工作得感谢你。I'llseetoitthateverythingisreadyintime.我会确保一切按时准备好。习语it:it用于一些习惯搭配中Believeitornot,Tomgotmarriedlastweek.信不信由你汤姆上周结婚了。Wemadeittothesummitofthemountain.我们成功的登上了山顶。【真题调研】【调研01】(2024九省联考卷)However,hebelievesthatthepracticewithfountainpenshelpsstudentstofocus,towritefaster,andtheycanfeelproudof(they).【调研02】（2024全国甲卷）Thisarea,with66(it)uniqueandbreathtakingnaturalbeauty,mustbewellpreservedforallpeopleofthenationtoenjoy-asanationalpark.【调研03】（2024全国甲卷）Lastweek,IsawaprogramaboutChongqinghotpotonTV.Iwascuriousbutplannedaspecialone-daytriptherewithafriendofme.【调研04】(2024浙江1月卷)Whoknows,perhapssomeofthemoreforward-looking65(one)mayyetcomeoutwithawholerangeof“justforyou”packsizeswithspecialoffersaswell.【调研05】（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthemtobeliftedoutofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42(they)contents.【调研06】（2021浙江卷）Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof_________(she),everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.【调研07】（2021新课标I卷）Asthesonggoes,thislongandwindingroad“willneverdisappear”,anditwillalwaysstickinthevisitor’smemory.Itsuredoesin__________(I).Whileyou’reinChina,MountHuangshanisamustto【调研08】（2021全国乙卷）Ecotourismhas_________(it)originwiththeenvironmentalmovementofthe1970s.Itwasnotwidelyacceptedasatravelconceptuntilthelate1980s.考法四：自由填空如何确定并列连词当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and,but，or等。【真题调研】【解题技法】考查方向解题思路并列连词1.表示并列或递进关系的有：and，both...and...，notonly...but(also)...等。2.表示选择关系的有：or，either...or...，not...but...等。3.表示转折或对比关系的有：but，while等。4.表示因果关系的有：so，for等。固定句型1.“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”2.bedoing...when...3.beabouttodo...when...4.beonthepointofdoing...when...5.hadjustdone...when...【真题调研】【调研01】（2024新课标I卷）…Edmondsonsaid,“ItwasveryexcitingtoheartheChineselanguage________seehowTang’splaywasbeingperformed.”【调研02】（2023新高考I卷）Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhethertobiteasmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.【调研03】（2023新高考II卷）It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop44toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.【调研04】（2023全国乙卷）Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,65somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.【调研05】（2023浙江1月卷）DuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijingarrangedtheresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.【调研06】（2022新高考I卷）Afterathree-yearpilotperiod,theGPNPwillbeofficiallysetupnextyear.TheGPNPisdesignedtoreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,__________leavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(资产)forfuturegenerations”.【调研07】（2022新高考II卷）Hehungonforafewminutes___________screamedforhisfather,buthisfatherdidn'thearhim.【调研08】（2021浙江卷1月）AlthoughMarylovedflowers,__________shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.考法五：自由填空如何确定定语从句关系词设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。【思维导图】【解题技法】考查方向解题思路关系代词1.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中作主语时，可以用关系词that或who。2.先行词指人且所填关系词在从句中作宾语时，可以用关系词that或whom或who，也可以不填。3.先行词指物且所填关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，可以用关系词that或which。4.先行词指人或物且所填关系词在从句中作定语时，可以用关系词whose。5.在非限制性定语从句中不能用关系词that。6.在非限制性定语从句中，如果先行词是前面的整个句子或句子的一部分时，可以用关系词as或which。as译为“正如”；which译为“这一点，这件事”，表明事物的状态或结果。关系副词先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词且所填关系词在从句中作状语时，可以用关系词when，where或why。注意：先行词是表示时间、地点或原因的名词且所填关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，可以用关系词that或which。介词＋关系词1.关系词依据先行词来确定，如果先行词指人，用whom；如果先行词指物，用which；如果先行词指人或物，且关系词在从句中作定语，则用whose。2.介词根据以下原则来确定：(1)与先行词的搭配；(2)与从句谓语的搭配。【真题调研】【调研01】（2024新课标I卷）TheGlasshousestandsasagreatachievementincontemporarydesign,tohousetheplantsofthesouthwesternpartofChinaattheendofapathretracing(追溯)thestepsalongtheSilkRoute_______broughttheplantsfromtheirnativehabitatinAsiatocometodefinemuchoftherichnessofgardeninginEngland.【调研02】（2024全国甲卷）YellowstonewasthelargestUnitedStatesnationalpark-2.2millionacres-untilWrangell-SaintEliasinsouthernAlaska,becameanationalmonumentin1978,tookthehonorsasanationalparkin1980with12.3millionacres.【调研03】（2024北京卷）Tinniswood,doesn’tsmokeandrarelydrinks,creditedmoderationforhelpinghimstayhealthyduringhislonglife.【调研04】（2023全国甲卷）Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.【调研05】（2023全国甲卷）“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,64alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithissurroundings,”herfablebegins,borrowingsomefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.【调研06】（2022新高考I卷）TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies____65____livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.【调研07】（2022全国甲卷）Onthe1,100.Kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang,_________losthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovince.【调研08】（2020全国III卷）InancientChinalivedanartist______paintingswerealmostlifelike.考法六：自由填空如何确定名词性从句连接词设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。【真题细目】卷别主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句2024浙江1月卷what2023新高考II卷why2022年天津卷what2022浙江I月卷if/whether2022天津卷how2021新课标I卷What2021天津卷what2021北京卷where2021天津卷why2020浙江卷what2020北京卷2020江苏卷whether2019全国I卷that【解题技法】考查方向解题思路从属连词that和whether/if分析句子结构，若不缺任何成分也没有任何意思，只起连接作用，要考虑连接词that；若表示“是否”的意思，要考虑连接词whether；if可以用于引导宾语从句。连接代词分析句子结构，若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语，要用连接代词what，who，whom，which，whose，whatever等。连接副词分析句子结构，若从句缺少状语，要用连接副词where(表地点)，when(表时间)，how(表方式或程度)，why(表原因)等。形式主语和形式宾语it在名词性从句中it作形式主语或形式宾语。其用法在前面代词讲解时已经提到。【真题调研】【调研01】（2024浙江1月卷）Ifmostoftheircustomersarehappytobuylargerquantities,that’s_________they’llpromote.【调研02】（2023新高考II卷）TheyalsoneedtobereadytogiveinterviewsinEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis_________theyneedanEnglishtrainer.【调研03】（2020·天津卷改编）Thestudentcompletedthisexperimenttomakecometrue__________ProfessorJosephhadsaid.【调研04】（2019全国I卷）Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°，thereisevidence________theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.【调研05】（2020·江苏卷改编）Itisnotaproblem__________wecanwinthebattle;it’sjustamatteroftime.【调研06】（2021年北京卷）Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationabout________shelived.【调研07】（2018年天津卷改编）Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto___________winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.【调研08】（2015全国II卷）Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_________thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.考法七：自由填空如何确定状语从句连接词设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。【思维导图】【真题调研】【调研01】（2022全国甲卷改编）Thedisagreementwas______sharpthatneitherhenorIknewhowtosettleit.【调研02】（2021全国甲卷改编）Inmyopinion,________introuble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.【调研03】（2020全国III卷）__________heaskedthevillagersonthebanksoftheriverwherehecouldfindthelegendary(传奇的)artist,theysmiledandpointeddowntheriver.【调研04】（2016全国III卷）Overtime，____________thepopulationgrew，peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.【调研05】（2021年天津卷改编）Weallneedtogetinvolvedinsavingenergy________it'satwork,athome,oratschool.【调研06】（2021年天津卷）Feelingfearfulishealthy________ithelpsyouslowdownandevaluaterisksproperly.【调研07】（2016全国II卷）So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive___________possiblebeforelunch.【调研08】（2021年新高考I卷）Theamazingthingaboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the__________(hot)thespring!六、语法填空高考真题演练（3类6篇）【真题01】（2023年新课标I卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,36(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether37(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),38toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe39(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed40handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem41(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof42(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith43touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris44(rare)enough,yettwoseemsgreedy,soIamalwaysleft45(want)morenexttime.【真题02】（2023年新课标II卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WheneverItellpeoplethatIteachEnglishattheBerlinZoo,Ialmostalwaysgetaquestioninglook.Behindit,thepersonistryingtofigureoutwhoexactlyIteach…theanimals?SinceJune2017,rightbeforethe36(arrive)ofthetwonewpandas,MengMengandJiaoQing,Ihavebeenhelpingthepandakeepersatthezootofeelmorecomfortableand37(confidence)speakingEnglish.AndwhodotheyspeakEnglish38?Notthepandas,eventhough39languageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.Theytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandto40(visit)Chinesezookeeperswhooftencometocheckonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.Theyalsoneedtobereadytogive41(interview)inEnglishwithinternationaljournalists.Thisis42theyneedanEnglishtrainer.So,whataretheylearning?43(basic),howtodescribeapanda’slife.It’sbeenanhonortowatchthepandaprogrammedevelop44toseethepandassettleintotheirnewhome.Asalittlegirl,I45(wish)tobeazookeeperwhenIgrewup.Now,I’mlivingoutthatdreamindirectlybyhelpingthepandakeepersdotheirjobinEnglish.【真题03】（2023年全国甲卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Forthousandsofyears,peoplehavetoldfables(寓言)61(teach)alessonortopassonwisdom.Fableswerepartoftheoraltraditionofmanyearlycultures,andthewell-knownAesop’sfablesdatetothe62(six)century,B.C.Yet,theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow”.Carsonusesasimple,directstylecommontofable.Infact,herstyleandtone(口吻)areseeminglydirectedatchildren.“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica,64alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulexistencewithitssurroundings,”herfablebegins,65(borrow)somefamiliarwordsfrommanyage-oldfables.Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage66(intend)foreveryone.67(difference)fromtraditionalfables,Carson’sstoryendswithanaccusationinsteadofamoral.Shewarnsoftheenvironmentaldangersfacingsociety,andsheteachesthatpeoplemusttakeresponsibility68savingtheirenvironment.Thethemesoftraditionalfablesoftendealwithsimpletruthsabouteverydaylife.However,Cason’sthemeisamoreweighty69(warn)aboutenvironmentaldestruction.Carsonprovesthatasimplelyricformthathasbeenpasseddownthroughtheagescanstill70(employ)todaytodrawattentiontoimportanttruths.【真题04】（2023年全国乙卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Beijingisacitybridgingtheancientandthemodern.FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutong61royalpalaces,itishometomorethan3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully62(build)systemofringroads.Butforallitsancientbuildings,Beijingisalsoaplace63welcomesthefast-paceddevelopmentofmodernlife,with21st-centuryarchitectural64(wonder)standingsidebysidewithhistoricalbuildingsofthepast.Itisadistinctvisualcontrast(反差)thatshouldn’twork,65somehowthesetwoverydifferentworldsmakeagoodcombination.66(visit)severaltimesoverthelast10years,I67(amaze)bytheco-existenceofoldandnew,andhowacitywasabletokeepsucharichheritage(遗产)whileconstantlygrowing.Asaphotographer,Ihavespentthelasttwoyears68(record)everythingIdiscovered.The69(remark)developmentofthiscity,whichisconsciouslydesignedtoprotectthepastwhilesteppingintothemodernworld,70(mean)thereisalwayssomethingnewtodiscoverhere,andIcouldbephotographingBeijingforthenext50years.【真题05】（2023年浙江1月卷）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DuringChina’sdynasticperiod,emperorsplannedthecityofBeijing56arrangedtheresidentialareasaccordingtosocialclasses.Theterm“hutong”,57(original)meaning“waterwell”inMongolian,appearedfirstduringtheYuanDynasty.IntheMingDynasty,thecenterwastheForbiddenCity,58(surround)inconcentric(同心的)circlesbytheInnerCityandOuterCity.Citizensofhighersocialclasses59(permit)toliveclosertothecenterofthecircles.Thelargesiheyuanofthesehigh-rankingofficialsandwealthybusinessmenoften60(feature)beautifullycarvedandpaintedroofbeamsandpillars(柱子).Thehutongstheyformedwereorderly,linedby61(space)homesandwalledgardens.Fartherfromthecenterlivedthecommonersandlaborers.Theirsiheyuanwerefarsmallerinscaleand62(simple)indesignanddecoration,andthehutongswerenarrower.HutongsrepresentanimportantculturalelementofthecityofBeijing.ThankstoBeijing’slonghistory63capitalofChina,almosteveryhutonghasitsstories,andsomeareevenassociatedwithhistoric64(event).Incontrasttothecourtlifeandupper-classculturerepresentedbytheForbiddenCity,theSummerPalace,andtheTempleofHeaven,thehutongsreflect65cultureofgrassrootsBeijingers.【真题06】（2023年北京卷）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Everycultureisriddledwithunwrittenrules,suchasonesonpunctuality(守时).I’mBritish.SoonaftermovingtoSwitzerland,I____11____(throw)ahouse-warmingpartyandwasgreatlysurprisedwhenall30guestsshowedup____12____(exact)ontime.Yearslater,havingmovedtoFrance.Iturnedupattheappointedhourforadinner,onlytofindthatnootherguest____13____(arrive)andmyhostesswasstillinhersleepingsuit.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Mangroves,knownas“redforest”inChina,growbetweenlandandsea,characterisedbytheircomplexroots.When____14____(see)fromafar,themangroveforestsappearmoresplendid.Mangrovescanhelpsoftenwavesandprotect____15____(city)fromcoastalwinds.Forthesereasons,theyarepraisedas“coastalguardians”.Uptonow,China____16____(establish)anumberofprotectedareaswithmangroves.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Ninahasrunmarathonsin32countries.Allofherrunshaveaguidingpurpose:tocallattention____17____globalwaterissues.Ninarecentlyfinishedheryear-longseriesofrunsinChicago,____18____thousandswereattendingawaterconference.Shecalledforaction____19____(address)thestrugglesofpeoplearoundtheworld____20____(face)“toolittlewaterortoodirtywater”.Hereffortshaveencouragedotherstotakepartbyrunningthroughaglobalcampaigncalled“RunBlue”.七、语法填空高考名校模拟（10篇）（24-25高三上·广东广州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。CentralAxis:TheBackboneofBeijingBejingCentralAxis(中轴线),runningnorth-souththroughtheheartoftheoldcityofBeijingandgoverningtheoveralllayoutofthecapital,is1integrationofbuildingcomplexesandarcheologicalsites.Initiallyconstructedinthe13thcenturyandshapedinthe16thcentury,BeiingCentralAxiswascontinuouslyperfectedoversevencenturies,givingrisetoawell-organizedandimposingbuildingensemblethatmanifests(彰显)the2(idea)orderoftheancientChinesecapitaldeep3(root)inthecapitalplanningtraditionforovertwomillennia.FromYongdingGatetotheBellandDrumTowersviaZhengyangGate,Tian’anmen,TaihePalace,JingshanMountain,BeijingCentralAxisconnectstheouter,innerandimperialcity4theimperialpalace.Themainbuildingsalongthecentralaxisaresymmetricalandstaggeredin5(high),thuscreatingauniqueandmagnificentpicture.Inadditionto6(form)thebackboneoftheframeofBeijingcity,itservesasthebestembodimentofthecapital’sboundlesscharm7makesitafamoushistoricalandculturalcity.TheCentralAxisofBeijingwhichlinkstheancienttimesandthepresenthasexperiencedthechangesoftimesandwitnessedthecontinuousdevelopmentoftheChinesecivilization.Nowadays,theapplicationfortheworldheritagestatusofBeijingCentralAxis8(include)inthecoreareaplanningalready,andthisamazingurbanlandscapeisbecomingadevelopmentaxisthat9(highlight)theprotectionoftheancientcapitalandthedevelopmentofthecity.Inthefuture,itwillcontinuetoglow(焕发)withvibrantcharmandnourishtheChinesecivilizationwhichstandsintheEastoftheworldwitha10(calm)andmoreconfidentposture.（24-25高三上·湖北武汉·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaispromotingthecommercial11(apply)ofintelligentconnectedvehicles.Asofnow,thecountry12(establish)7pilotareasfortheInternetofVehiclesand17nationallevelintelligentconnectedvehicletestanddemonstrationbases.BloombergpredictedinApril13ElonMuskwouldliketotestitsfullyautomateddrivingtechnologyinCh