高中英语北师大版必修一UNIT 2 Period 5　Lesson 3 Running and Fitness-Reading Comprehension

Period5Lesson3RunningandFitness—ReadingComprehensionⅠ.匹配单词1．awkward A．toremoveorreduceanunpleasantfeelingorpain2．prevent B．tobecomestronger；tomakesb/sthstronger3．shortcut C．makingyoufeelembarrassed4．detail D．awordusedtoemphasizethatyouarereferringtooneindividualpersonorthing5．strengthen E．anadvantageorahelpfulandusefuleffectthatsthhas6．particular F．tostopsbfromdoingsth7．benefit G．asmallindividualfactorfeaturesofsth8．relieve H．amethodofachievingsomethingmorequicklyormoreeasily答案1.C2.F3.H4.G5.B6.D7.E8.AⅡ.选词填空eq\x(befedupwith，inparticular，becapableof，makesure，toone’ssatisfaction)1．Thewholemealwasgoodandthewineinparticularwasexcellent.2．Iamcompletelyconfidentthatyouarecapableofdoingthechallengingjob.3．Tomysatisfaction，Iachievedmydreamandallmyhardworkpaidoff.4．Bothofusarefedupwiththerainydaysandeagerforapicnicintheopenair.5．Youmustmakesurethatallthedocumentsareprintedoutbeforethemeeting.Step1速读——整体理解文意Ⅰ.明文章大意What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．HowJeremycanbecomestronger.B．Howwecanprepareforalongdistancerunning.C．Whatweshouldpayattentiontowhenrunning.D．Whatthebenefitsofrunningare.答案DⅡ.悉层次结构Readthepassagequicklyandfindoutthemainideaofeachpart.1．Part1(Para.1) A．Advicetoavoidinjuries.2．Part2(Para.2) B．Benefitsofrunning.3．Part3(Para.3) C．Greetingandthepurposetowriteanemail.4．Part4(Paras.4－5) D．Equipmentneeded.答案1.C2.D3.B4.AStep2细读——逐段获取细节Ⅰ.ReadParas.1－2andchoosethebestanswer.Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．Longdistancerunningisthebestsport.B．Itisonlybeneficialtobeginners.C．Apersonneedstojoinaclubfirstifhewantstorun.D．Runnersdon’tneedmuchequipment.答案DⅡ.ReadPara.3andfillintheblanks.1．Physicalbenefitsoflong-distancerunning：·getfitandprevent①diseases·giveyougoodupperandlowerbody②strength·increasetheflowofbloodandoxygentoyour③brain·strengthenyour④immunesystem·reducetheriskofserioushealthproblemsaswellas⑤commonillnesses2．Mentalbenefitsoflong-distancerunning：·⑥cheerpeopleup·provide⑦relieffromachesortensionⅢ.ReadParas.4－5andanswerthefollowingquestions.1．Whatshouldbedonetoavoidbeinghurt?A．Warmupandcooldownproperlybeforeandafterrunning.B．Jogslowlybeforerunning.C．Relaxyourbodybeforerunning.D．Cheeryourselfupbeforerunning.答案A2．Howshouldarunnercooldownafterrunning?答案Afteralongrun，jogslowlyfortenminutes，thenwalkforfiveminutes.Ⅳ.Read“ThreePrinciplesofRunning”andanswerthefollowingquestions.1．Whatshouldonedotodotherightamountofrunning?A．Makeasuitabletrainingplan.B．Takeshortcuts.C．Setyourgoalsashighaspossible.D．Runfor20minuteseveryday.答案A2．Whatcanweinferfromthesecondrule?A．Runningtrainsone’sbodybetterthanone’smind.B．It’sunusualthatonewantstogiveuphalfway.C．Themoreyourun，theeasierlong-distancerunningwillbecome.D．Runningisthebestinallofthesports.答案C3．Howcanweavoidhurtingourselvesaccordingtothethirdrule?答案Bytakingbreaks.Ⅴ.Readthewholepassageagainanddothefollowingexercises.1．Wheredoesthearticleprobablycomefrom?A．Atextbook. B．Awebsite.C．Anadvertisement. D．Aguidebook.答案B2．Whichofthefollowingwordshassimilarmeaningwith“tension”inparagraph3?A．Nervousness. B．Sadness.C．Happiness. D．Tiredness.答案AStep3读后——讨论深度理解1．Doyouthinklong-distancerunningwillhelpJeremy？Why？(Criticalthinking)答案Yes.Ithinkso.Becauselong-distancerunningcanhelphimgetfitandpreventdiseases.Anditwillgivehimgoodupperandlowerbodystrength.ItmayhelphimpassthePEexams.2．WhatothersuggestionswillyougiveJeremytobuilduphisbody？(Creativethinking)答案Heshouldhaveahealthylifestyle.Forexample，heshouldtakeexerciseregularly，getupandgotobedontime，andhaveabalanceddiet.Step4总结——课文语法填空Long-distancerunninghasalotofbenefits.1.Inparticular，itisagreatsportforbeginners，becauseyoudon’tneedamembershipofagymoranyspecial2.equipment(equip)．Itisagoodway3.toknow(know)yourselfandunderstand4.whatyouarecapableof.Runningcanhelpyoube5.healthy(health)andpreventdiseases.Itcanincreasetheflowofbloodandoxygentoyourbrainandmakeyourheart6.stronger(strong)．Itcanalsostrengthenyourimmunesystemandreducetheriskof7.getting(get)serioushealthproblems.Long-distancerunningcancheeryou8.upandmakeyou9.relieve(relief)fromachesortensionbecauseofstress.Ifyouareabeginnerforrunning，itisimportanttowarmupandcooldownproperlybeforeandafterrunningtoavoidhurting10.yourself(you)．Afteralongrun，youshouldnotstopimmediately.Step5解读——长句难句分析1．Thereisalsonobetterwaytoknowyourselfandtoseewhatyouarecapableof.[句式分析]在此句中，and连接的两个todo是作way的并列定语；what引导宾语从句，在从句中充当of的宾语。[自主翻译]跑步是了解自己最好的方法，看看自己能做到哪一步。2．Italsostrengthensyourimmunesystemandreducestheriskofserioushealthproblems，aswellasmorecommonillnesseslikecolds.[句式分析]该句是简单句。其中and连接并列谓语strengthens和reduces，而aswellas连接并列宾语serioushealthproblems和commonillnesses。[自主翻译]它还能强化你的免疫系统，降低患严重健康问题的风险，以及患常见疾病的几率，例如感冒。3．Evenathirty-minuterunwillproviderelieffromachesortensionthatyoumaybesufferingduetostress.[句式分析]该句为主从复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词achesortension。dueto意为“因为”。[自主翻译]即使跑30分钟也能缓解你因压力而感到的疼痛或紧张。4．Ifyouarenewtorunning，hereissomeadviceforyou—itisimportanttowarmupandcooldownproperlybeforeandafterrunning，soyoudonothurtyourself.[句式分析]该句为主从复合句。If引导的是条件状语从句；破折号之后it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语；so引导的是并列句。[自主翻译]如果你刚开始跑步，我有一些建议给你——跑步前和跑步后做适当的热身和放松活动很重要，这样你就不会伤到自己。5．Makesureyouarerunningtherightamountthatyourheart，musclesandbonescantakewithoutgettinghurt.[句式分析]该句为主从复合句。youarerunningtherightamount是宾语从句，省略了引导词that；that引导定语从句，修饰名词therightamount。[自主翻译]确保运动量在心脏、肌肉和骨骼的承受范围之内，以免受伤。6．Nothinggivesonemoresatisfactionthanrealisingthatallthesweatandhardworkwereworthitintheend.[句式分析]该句为主从复合句。其中that引导的是宾语从句；否定词nothing和比较级连用，表示最高级意义。[自主翻译]当你最终发现，所有汗水和辛劳都是值得的，没什么比这更令人满足了。Ⅰ.阅读理解AFourFunRunsEvenNon-runnersWillEnjoyEvenpeoplewhosweartheyhaterunningwillmanagetoenjoytheseracesthatsomehowmakethesportfun.HotChocolate5KDoyouwantasteamingcupofcocoaandlotsofchocolateonacoldmorningrun？AttheHotChocolate5Kseriesthoseareexactlywhatawaityouatthefinishline.Thereareprizesgiventothetopthreemaleandfemalefinishers，butcasualparticipationisencouraged.Theeventsarescheduledinthecoolermonthsinmajorcitiesaroundthecountry.TheColorRunTheColorRun，alsoknownastheHappiest5KonthePlanet，isaneventwhererunnerswearwhiteclothesandarepaintedfromheadtotoeindifferentcolorsateachkilometer，crossingthefinishlineinavarietyofcolors.Therunnersarenotbetimed，whichremovesrunners’pressureofkeepingaspecificpaceorworryingabouttheplacing.DisneyRunningSeriesWhynotcombineatriptothehappiestplaceonearthwithalittleexercise？RunDisneyoffersanumberofhalf-marathonandmarathonweekendpackages，manyofwhichalsofeaturethemoreaccessible5Kdistance.OnDisneyland’sSuperHeroesHalfMarathonWeekend，FridayfeaturesaSpiderman-themed5K，whiletheWaltDisneyWorldMarathonWeekendrunsafamily-friendly5KthroughEpcot.RunningwiththeBalloonsThiscross-country3.1-mileraceinReddingtonTownship，NewJersey，aimstocreateanewchallenge.But，thehighlightisthelaunchofmorethan100hotairballoonsduringtheNewJerseyFestivalofBallooning，thelargestsummertimehotairballoonandmusicfestivalinNorthAmerica.Themotivation？Thetopmalefinisherandthetopfemalefinisherwilleachwinafreerideinahotairballoon!eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四项趣味跑步活动。)1．WhatisspecialaboutTheColorRun?A．Itbringsyoulotsoffun.B．Itcombinesrunningwithmusic.C．Therearenowinners.D．Thereareaseriesofruns.答案C解析细节理解题。根据TheColorRun部分中的“Therunnersarenotbetimed”可知，这项活动是不计时的，而其他三项活动或有排名或包含一系列比赛，由此可知，色彩趣味跑的特别之处在于没有胜利者。故选C。2．Whichrunissuitableforfamilyrunningattheweekend?A．HotChocolate5K.B．TheColorRun.C．DisneyRunningSeries.D．RunningwiththeBalloons.答案C解析细节理解题。根据DisneyRunningSeries部分中的“whiletheWaltDisneyWorldMarathonWeekendrunsafamily-friendly5KthroughEpcot”可知，DisneyRunningSeries适合家庭成员一起在周末参加。故选C。3．WhatawardwillyougetifyouwinRunningwiththeBalloons?A．Ahotairballoon.B．Ahotchocolate.C．Afreetickettothefestival.D．Anexcitingride.答案D解析细节理解题。根据RunningwiththeBalloons部分最后一句可知，该活动的胜利者可以免费乘坐一次热气球。故选D。BBecomingoldmaynotbesomethingthat’syettocrossyourmind.Butagingisgoingtodefeatusoneday，soit’ssomethingwe’dallliketocontrol.Itwouldbegreattohavealong，healthyandhappylife，andthat’swhyscientistsareconstantlyseekingoutwhatweneedtodotoachieveit.Weallknowthatregularexerciseisgoodforus.Inrecentyearswe’vebeentoldtoaimtowalk10,000stepsadaytoremainhealthy.Butthelatestpieceofresearchmightmakeyouhappyifyou’resomeonewhowalksatafastspeed.That’sbecausethespeedatwhichpeoplewalkintheir40sisasignofhowmuchtheirbrainsandtheirbodiesareaging.TheBBC’sPhilippaRoxbywritesthattestson1,000peoplefoundthatslowerwalkerstendedtoshowsignsof“accelerated(加速的)aging”．Theirlungs，teethandimmunesystemswereinworseshapethanthosewalkingfaster.Thestudyalsofoundnotonlydidslowerwalkers’bodiesagemorequickly，buttheirfaceslookedolderandtheyhadsmallerbrains.Thismightbeseenasawake-upcallforpeoplewithaslowerspeedtoworkout.Butitmightbetoolate;researcherssaytheywereabletopredictthewalkingspeedof45-year-oldsusingtheresultsofintelligence，languageandsportskillstestsfromwhentheywereagedthree.Theyalsosuggestthateveninearlylife，therearesignsshowingwhichpeoplewillhaveahealthierlife.So，what’sthepointofknowingthataslowerwalkingspeedmightmeanasmallerbrain?Researcherssaymeasuringwalkingspeedatayoungerageandunderstandingwhatthismightmeancouldbeawayoftestingtreatmentstoslowhumanaging.语篇解读这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，走路慢的人显示出了加速衰老的迹象，而快速走路的人会更加健康。4．Whatdoesthelatestresearchshow?A．Slowerwalkerstendtobeyounger.B．Walking10,000stepsadayishelpful.C．Thespeedofwalkingisasignofaging.D．Regularexerciseisgoodforourhealth.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，最新的研究表明，走路的速度是衰老程度的一个标志。故选C。5．Howdidtheresearchersgettheresult?A．Bycarryingoutsurveys.B．Bydoingtestsonsomepeople.C．Byperformingexperimentsinthelab.D．BysearchinginformationontheInternet.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，研究人员是通过对一些人进行测试得到这个结果的。故选B。6．Whatcanweknowaboutslowerwalkersaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Theyhadsmallerbrains.B．Theirfaceslookedyounger.C．Theyshouldtrytoexerciseless.D．Theirteethwereinbettershape.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，走路慢的人的大脑也更小。故选A。7．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．ForeverYoungB．SlowWalkingandAgingC．SlowLifeD．WalkSlowly，LiveHappily答案B解析标题归纳题。分析全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究，走路慢的人显示出了加速衰老的迹象，而快速走路的人会更加健康，所以B选项“慢走和衰老”能概括文章大意，适合用作文章标题。故选B。CRunningonthebeachiscompletelydifferentfromrunningonthepavement(人行道)，atrackortrailswithsoftsurfaces.Forstarters，sandcanbeachallengebecauseithasanuneven(不平的)surfaceandconstantlymovesunderyourfeet.Asyoupushoff，you’regoingtolosesomeofyourpushasthesandmoves，soyou’renotgoingtobeabletopushyourselfforwardasyouwouldonatrackorpavement！Butthisunevennesshasanupside:itgivesyourbodyanextraworkout，forcingyoutoexercisethemusclesthatdon’tgetasmuchuseasrunsonfirmsurfaces.Youalsomightfeelpainfulafterwardbecausebeachestendtoslope(倾斜)downward，towardthewater.Ifyou’regoingforalongrunonthebeach，youmightnoticethatonesideofyourbodyincludingyourankle，legorkneemightfeelmorepainfulbecauseyou’reputtingmorepressureonitduetotheslope.Somebeachrunnerstendtorunbarefoot.However，ifyou’renotusedtobarefootrunning，startslowlyandrunshortdistancesatfirst.That’sbecauserunningbarefootusesdifferentmusclesthanrunningwithshoesdoes，andit’simportanttostrengthenthesemusclesandadaptyourfeet.Despitethesechallenges，runningonsandcanbeasmartchoiceforathletesbecauserunningonitcandecreasethebadinfluenceonyourbodyduringhigh-intensityworkouts.Thiscouldpotentiallyleadtolessmuscledamageandlesspain.Womenhadlessmyoglobin(肌红蛋白)，whichcancausemusclepain，intheirbloodafterrunningonthesandthantheydidafterrunningongrass.Thissuggestsrunningonsoftergroundsurfaces，suchassand，mayreducemuscledamage.语篇解读这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在沙滩上跑步和在人行道上跑步的不同，以及在沙滩上跑步的好处。8．Whydothestartersfeelhardwhilerunningonsand?A．Becausethesurfaceiseven.B．Becausethebeachisnearwater.C．Becausetherunnerslackmuscles.D．Becausethesurfaceofthesandissoft.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中“Forstarters，sandcanbeachallenge...asyouwouldonatrackorpavement！”可知，沙子的表面不平坦，会在脚下不断移动，蹬地时人会因为沙子的移动而失去一些推力，即初学者觉得很吃力是因为沙子的表面很软。故选D项。9．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“anupside”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Apositiveaspect.B．Awideroadside.C．Anextraworkout.D．Abadinfluence.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据画线部分后面的“itgivesyourbodyanextraworkout，forcingyoutoexercisethemusclesthatdon’tgetasmuchuseasrunsonfirmsurfaces”可知，此处讲的是沙子表面不平坦的好处。故可猜测画线部分anupside为“好的一面”的意思。故选A项。10．Whatshouldbeachrunnerspayattentiontowhentryingbarefootrunning?A．Startingquickly.B．Notrunningtoolong.C．Usingthesamemuscles.D．Increasingtheirpaces.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第四段中“However，ifyou’renotusedtobarefootrunning，startslowlyandrunshortdistancesatfirst.”可知，尝试光脚在沙滩跑步时，应注意不要跑太长的距离。故选B项。11．Howdoestheauthorexplainthebenefitofbeachrunningtofemalerunners?A．Bylistingdata.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Bymakingcomparison.D．Byofferingfacts.答案C解析推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句可知，作者通过比较女性沙滩跑步和在草地跑步后的肌红蛋白含量来向女性跑步者解释沙滩跑步的好处。故选C项。Ⅱ.七选五(2023·山东青岛高一期中)Whatisthebestsleeppositionforyourhealth?It’sdifficulttocontrolwhatsleepingpositionwenaturallyfallinto.However，somepositionsarebetterforyouthanothersandsomecouldholdbackyourhealthandwell-being.1IfyousleeponyoursideMorethan60percentofpeoplesleepontheirside.Oftenourbodynaturallymovestothisposition，whichislinkedtowhenwewereinthewombinthefoetal(胎儿的)position.2Itoffersanumberofbenefitstoyourbody，frompromotinghealthyspinealignment(脊椎对齐)whichcanhelptopreventbackpaintoreducingheartburnandsnoring(打鼾)．IfyousleeponyourbackLyingonyourbackisthesecondmostpopularsleepingpositionandoffersjustasmanybenefitsassidesleeping.Whenyou’resleepin