Unit4Humour拓展练习高中英语北师大版选择性

选必二U4Humour拓展练习LeadinHowmanyformsofhumouroredydoyouknow?____________________________________________________________________________________HumourandliteratureMarkTwain(18351910)wasanAmericanwriter,humorist,lecturerandadventurer,whoacquiredinternationalfameforhistravelnarratives,inparticularTheInnocentsAbroadandforhisadventurestoriesofboyhood,suchasTheAdventuresofTomSawyerandTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.HeisregardedasoneofNorthAmerica’sbestandmostbelovedwritersduetohiswitandsatire.LinYutang(18951976)wasaChinesewriter,translator,linguist,philosopherandinventor.Hisinformalbutsophisticatedstyleofwriting,inbothChineseandEnglish,madehimoneofthemostinfluentialwritersofhisgeneration.HismostfamousworksincludeMyCountryandMyPeopleandTheImportanceofLiving.He’salsoknownasawiseandwittypopulariserofChinesephilosophyandtheChinesewayoflife.TheImportanceofHumour1Humourhasbeenanessentialpartofhumanbehaviourforthousandsofyears.ThereisedyinthetextsofAncientGreece,andmedievalwritingsarefilledwithjokes.Whilethesesamejokesmightnotbeasfunnytousnowastheywerethen,theirauthorsunderstoodthathumourcouldnotonlyentertainbutalsothrownewlightonsensitiveoremotiveissues.2Closertomoderntimes,someonewhoisrememberedforhisabilitytobinehumourwithmoreseriousmessagesisAmericanwriter,MarkTwain.Twain’sparticularstyleofwritingisfunnyandoftenmischievous(淘气的,恶作剧的).Forexample,inhisclassicnovelTheAdventuresofTomSawyer,hefamouslysays,“Writingiseasy.Allyouhavetodoiscrossoutthewrongwords.”Butheisequallywellknownforhiswittyremarksinhiseverydayinteractionswithpeople.Forinstance,whileonalecturingtouroftheUnitedStates,Twainwentintoabarber’sshoptogetahaircutandashave.Thebarber,notrecognisinghim,askedifhehadatickettothelecture.WhenTwainrepliedthathedidn’t,thebarbertoldhimthatifhewantedtogototheeventhewouldhavetostand,astherewerenoseatsleftinthetheatre.Twain’sresponsewas,“That’sjustmyluck.Ialwayshavetostandwhenthatfellowlectures!”3LikeTwain,butontheothersideoftheworld,LinYutangwassoontobeefamousforhisuniquebrandofhumour.Awellknownbilingualwriter,LinbroughttheconceptofhumourtomodernChineseliterature.In1924,hecreativelyborrowed“youmo”fromAncientChineseasthetranslationfortheEnglishword“humour”.“Youmo”isstillbeingusedinthiswaytoday.4Lin’squickwithelpedmakehimfamousasamasterofhumour.Once,havingbeeninvitedtodinneratauniversity,hewasputonthespotwhenthepresidentsuddenlyaskedhimtogiveaspeech.Thinkingonhisfeet,LinstartedtotellastoryaboutacruelRomanemperorwhotriedtofeedamantowildanimals.Firstcamealion.Themanwhisperedsomethinginthelion’sear,afterwhichthelionshookitsheadandwalkedawayunhappily.Thenalongcameatiger.Again,themanwhisperedinthetiger’sear.Thetigerlookedshockedandhurriedaway.“Whatdidyousaytomyanimals?”saidtheemperor,astonished.“Itoldthemtheyhadtomakeaspeechaftereatingmefordinner.”Lin’saudienceroaredwithlaughter.Withthislittlejoke,Linwasabletomakepeoplelaugh,whilegentlytellingoffthepresident.5BothTwainandLinunderstoodthathumourisn’tjustaboutlaughter,butisawayoflifeandatoolthatcanbeusedtoilluminatetheworld.Linevencreatedanequationtoexplainthisconcept:Reality+Dreams+Humour=Wisdom.Livingandworkingwithotherscansometimesbeplicated,andhumourmakesthiseasier.Sharingjokesandlaughingtogethercanbringindividualsandevenmunitiestogether.Indeed,somemayarguethatourneedforhumourisalmostasgreatasourneedforwaterandair.InthewordsofMarkTwain,“Humorismankind’sgreatestblessing”.ReadformainideasReadthepassageandfindoutMarkTwainandLinYutang’sattitudetowardshumour.MarkTwainandLin’sattitudetowardshumouris________________________.Andtheypractisedwhattheypreached.ReadfordetailsIntroduction:Humourisanessentialpartof1.______________.Authorshaveuseditto2.__________,andthrownewlighton3.____________________________MarkTwain:Rememberedfor:abilityto4.________________withmore5.___________________Writingstyle:6.______________________Example:7._____________________________AlsowellknownforhiswittyremarksExample:8._________________________________________________________________________LinYutang:FamousforhisuniquebrandofhumourEvidence:9._________________________________________________________________________Quickwithelpedmakehimfamousas10.__________________________Example:11._________________________________________________________________________Conclusion:Humourisa12.__________________andatoolthatcanbeusedto13.________________Readforlanguages使……显得清楚；阐明……；照亮：____________________________划掉错误的单词:__________________________妙语:___________________他独特的幽默风格:_____________________________使某人难堪:__________________________随机应变，当机立断:________________________匆匆离开:___________________斥责，责骂总统:________________________答案：positive/favorable;humanbehaviour;entertain;sensitiveoremotiveissues;binehuman;seriousmessages;funny&oftenmischievous;TheAdventuresofTomSawyer;That’sjustmyluck.Ialwayshavetostandwhenthatfellowlectures.;Heborrowed“youmo”fromAncientChineseasthetranslationfortheEnglishword“humor”.Amasterofhumor;HetoldastoryaboutacruelRomanemperorwhotriedtoleadamantowildanimalsduringthedinneratuniversity;throwlighton;crossoutwrongwords;wittyremarks;hisuniquebrandofhumour;putonthespot;thinkonhisfeet;hurryaway;telloffthepresidentChineseandEnglishhumourText11).__________iscoreofBritishhumorAmanwalksintoadoctor’soffice.Hehasacucumberuphisnose,acarrotinhisleftearandabananainhisrightear."What’sthematterwithme?"heasksthedoctor.Thedoctorreplies,"You'renoteatingproperly."ThisisapopularjokeamongBritishschoolchildren.ItreflectsBritain’sfamousdryandsatiricalwayofseeingthefunnysideoflife.ThisuniquesenseofhumorisoftencitedasoneofBritain's2)__________(define)nationalcharacteristics."ThefamousBritishsenseofhumorhaslongbeenourmost3)__________(cherish)nationalcharacteristic,"saystheBritishjournalistLeoMckinstry."Wehavevalueditabovehistoricmilitaryvictoriesandgreatworksofliterature,aboveourrichsceniclandscapeandourtalentforinvention."TheBritishsenseofhumordiffersfromothercountriesbecauseitisgenerallymore4)__________(负面的).WhenitestomakingtheBritishlaugh,thereisnothingmoreeffectivethanasocially5)_______________(appropriate)joke.PopularBritishedyshowssuchasFawltyTowers,BlackadderandTheOfficearefullofsarcasm,6)____________(tease)andselfdeprecation(自嘲).Itreflectstheculture7)_________mocking,moaning(诉苦)andridiculeispartofeverydaylife.WhilemostBritonsdon'ttakethesejokestooseriously,foreignersareoftenbemused(迷惑)bythem.ArecentsurveyfoundthatmostforeignerswhovisitedBritainfoundthattheBritishare"9)__________(arrogant),unfriendlyandhavealmostnosenseofhumor."DoforeignersnotunderstandBritishhumororaretheBritishjustnotasfunnyastheythinktheyare?McKinstrycertainlythinkstheBritisharefunny."10)__________(accuse)theBritishofhavingnosenseofhumorisliketellingRollsRoycethatitscarsaredownmarket,"hesays.答案：Satire;defining;cherished;negative;inappropriate;teasing;where;arrogant;AccusingText2Readthearticleandputtheparagraphsinappropriateplaces.Thereisanextraone.A.However,noneoftheoffensesisreallyserious,hencethehumor.Theylietogetafreeride,cheatonanIQtesttofoolagirlfriend,stealaboxofraisins(葡萄干)atajobinterview,getrevengeonthebossbydrugginghisdrinkatanofficeparty.B.WhenIaskedmyAmericanfriendstoguessthemostpopularAmerican90sTVshowinChina,theysaid:"Seinfeld?"No."Cheers?"No."FullHouse?"No,Isaid."ItwasGrowingPains."Theycouldn’tbemoresurprised:"Itwassuchacheesyshow!"C.Infact,IwasamazedthatthisTVseries,givenitsdarktheme,couldbereleased,andIwouldn'tbesurprisedifnotmanypeopleenjoyit.Ittakesacertainsenseandsomeunderstandingtoenjoyblackhumor.D.Nothingsignificanthappensonit.Therearenomindbogglingincidents,crimes,orlifedefiningevents.Yousimplywatchthecharactersgoingabouttheirdailychores:chattinginacoffeeshop,arguingoveraparkingspot,goingtoabaseballgame,etc.WeChineseseehumordifferentlyfromtheAmericansWouldyoufindthissituationfunny?Amanfightstenyearoldchildreninakarateclasstoboosthisselfconfidence.ThissituationisfromSeinfeld,themostpopularsitinAmericanTVhistory.Itranfrom1989to1998andtoldthestoryofJerrySeinfeld,astandupedianlivinginNewYork,andhisfriends.___1___Yetdramaswiththesetinydetailshappeneveryday.Indealingwiththesequotidianincidents,Jerryandhisfriendsdemonstrateeveryqualitythattraditionalmoralsdenounce:selfishness,dishonesty,laziness.Wewatchthemlie,cheat,steal,andseekrevenge.___2___And,insteadofdespisingtheseacts,Americansfellinlovewiththem.Ifyoufindthisweird,thenyoushouldupdateyourknowledgeaboutAmericanhumor.Callingitself"ashowaboutnothing",Seinfeldistypicalpostmodernedy.Itmakesfunof,andcelebratestraditionallycondemnedvalues.ThiscynicismissomethingthatChineseaudienceshaveyettoadaptto.___3___Chinesewhowereborninthe80sprobablyallrememberGrowingPainsasapartofourchildhoodmemory.FromthefatherJason,tothemischievoussonsMikeandBen,thesecharacterstaughtustheimportanceoffamily,love,responsibility,andcourage.WetookthesevaluesasuniversalandbelievedthattheywereappreciatedbybothChineseandAmericans.However,thefameofSeinfeld,andtheunpopularityofGrowingPainsintheUS,showsthedifferenceoftasteinthetwoaudiences.TheGrowingPainsthemeisprobablytoowholesomeforAmericans.答案：DABText3LearningtolaughoutloudatChineseedy(byELYSERIBBONS)Therearemanythingsthatpeopleimmediatelythinkofwhenaskedaboutthemajor____________(different)betweenAmericanandChineseculture.Oneofthemoredifficultdifferencestograspisedy.That’sbecauseaveryhighlanguagelevelisrequiredtounderstandmosthumor.__________(culture)backgroundisusuallynecessaryaswell.Forinstance,thefirsttimeIwatchedChinesecrosstalk,Ifoundit_________(fun).Ihadpreviouslystudiedthedialogue,butIdidn’tunderstandwhyitwasfunny.TheexamplethatestomindisashortskitfromtheSpringFestivalspecialafewyearsago.Acouplewerediscussingsomething,andthemanwaswearingagreenhat.Ifyoudon’tunderstandthemeaningofa“greenhat”,therestofthetongueincheek(半开玩笑的)edyislost.However,therearelotsofthingsthatcanbetranslatedlinguisticallyandevenexplainedthatstillfailtotranslateedically.TherearejokesthatmyChinesefriendshavetoldmethatI________(simple)don’tfindfunny.Andviceversa:ThereareseveralEnglishjokesthatI’verelayedtomyChinesefriends.Theythinkthey’reincrediblylame,andyetIfindthemincrediblyfunny.Withthisedicculturegapinmind,IsetaboutwritingmyplayGreenEyesonChinesethispastfall.Thisshowtakesa____________(humour)lookataforeignstudentpreparingatthelastminuteforanexam.IwantedthecontenttobefunnyforbothforeignersandChinesealike.Ofcourse,thereisthebenefitthatallstudentsallovertheworlddothesamesillythings.Thisuniversality_______________(适用于)alotofthejokesIincludedinthe_________(脚本).However,Ifounditinterestingthatsometimesonlyforeignmembersoftheaudiencelaughed.Atothertimes,onlyChineseaudiencememberswerechortlingwithglee(欢欣鼓舞).Recently,while_________(film)aTVshowwiththefamousChineseedianGuoDegang,ItookthechancetoaskhimaboutChineseedy.________heis_________________________(首要,第一)acrosstalkperformer,helovestoplaywithwords.HesuggestedthatalotofChinesehumoresfrommoresubtlelanguageuseandreference–likesayingsomethingwithoutactuallydescribingitinfull.Americanedyisoftenmuchmore__________(故意的)andstraightforward,_________(少有地,罕见地)takingthetimetosteparoundajokeinthewaythatChinese____________(edy)do.Personally,IthinkthisedicculturegapreflectsthedifferentkindsoflogicintheAmericanandChinesemindsets.Americansworry_________(little)aboutfaceandthepossibilityofoffendingpeople,___________(然而)that’spartofthefineartofChinesecrosstalk.Thistopiccertainlyrequiresfurtherstudy,andI’mhopingto____________(corporate)morecrosstalkstyleedyinmyfuture____________(theory)productions.ReadthearticleanddecidewhetherthestatementsareTrueorFalse.()1.TheauthorfoundtheskitfromtheSpringFestivalspecialunfunnybecausehecouldn’tfullyprehendthelanguage.()2.HeonlyincludesuniversaljokesinhisplayGreenEyesonChinese.()3.TheicculturegapsbetweenChinaandAmericaareassociatedwithdifferentkindsoflogicthepeopleadoptwhilethinking.答案：differences;Cultural;unfunny;simply;humorous;appliedto;script;filming;As;firstandforemost;deliberate;rarely;edians;less;whereas;incorporate;theoratical;FFT应用文写作训练(1)假定你是李华，你校的英语报正在征稿。请你结合以下名人名言，写一篇题为“MyUnderstandingofOptimism”的征文。“Thepessimistseesdifficultyineveryopportunity;theoptimistseesopportunityineverydifficulty.”——WinstonChurchill

。内容包括：1.

你对该名言的理解；2.

结合生活实例；3.

你对该名言的感悟。Thefamousquote"The____________(悲观者)seesdifficultyineveryopportunity;the__________(乐观者)seesopportunityineverydifficulty"

istakenasamotto

bymanypeople

asanillustrationof

thepowerofoptimism

________________________(处于困境中).It'sthesamewithme.WhenIwasrevisingforthefirstCollegeEntranceExam,itwasso

____________(沮丧)

thatIfailedtodowellinalmostall

mockexams._________