UNIT1SectionIVDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高一英语人教版2019

Unit1CulturalHeritageDiscoveringUsefulStructuresDescribepeopleorthingsingreaterdetailAttheendofthelesson,studentswillbeabletoidentifytheform,meaningandfunctionofrestrictiverelativeclausesbyusingthemethodsofobservation-discovery-induction-practice-applicationuserelativeclausestodescribepeopleorthingsingreaterdetailbothinoralandwrittenway.

LearningobjectivesNote1:定语从句：当我们把一个句子用来做________去修饰一个_____________时，这个句子就称为定语从句。Note2:被定语从句限定的词叫做_________,引导定语从句的词叫做___________，分别是_______________和___________。定语名词或者代词先行词引导词关系代词关系副词Review指代内容功能（所做成分）是否可省略thatwhichwhowhomwhose关系代词的用法人；物物人人(人/物)的主语,宾语主语,宾语主语,宾语宾语定语作宾语可省作宾语可省作宾语可省可省不可省presentation1.

After

listening

to

the

scientist

who

had

studied

the

problem,

and

citizens

who

lived

near

the

dam,

the

government

turn

to

the

United

Nations

for

help.指人指人主语主语先行词指代人，且在定语从句中作主语时，可使用关系代词________或者__________。whothatObservationLookatthesentencesbelowandunderlinetherelativepronounsandadverbs.presentation2.

Water

from

the

dam

would

likely

damage

a

number

of

temples

and

destroy

cultural

relics

that

were

an

important

part

of

Egypt’s

cultural

heritage.指物主语先行词指代人，且在限制性定语从句中作主语时，可使用关系代词________或者__________。whichthatDiscoveryFindmoresentencescontainingrelativeclausesfromthetextonpage4.1.Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethat

didnotrunovertherelicsofthepast,butthey...(Para.5)2.PerhapsthebestexampleisshownbyUNESCO,whichrunsaprogrammethatpreventsworldculturalheritagesitesaroundtheworldfromdisappearing.(Para.6)presentation3.

There

comes

a

time

when

the

old

must

give

way

to

the

new.时间状语先行词在定语从句中作时间状语时，可使用关系副词________。先行词在定语从句中作时间状语时，可使用关系副词________。when4.

Temples

and

other

cultural

sites

were

taken

down

piece

by

piece,

and

then

moved

and

put

back

together

again

in

a

place

where

they

were

safe

from

the

water.地点状语where5.Thereasonwhyscientistsworkedtogetherdayandnighttorescuethetempleisthattheywantedtopreserveitforthenextgeneration.原因状语先行词在定语从句中作原因状语时，可使用关系副词________。why1.Where引导定语从句时，先行词为表示地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可用“in,at等介词+which”来替换。Theschoolwheremystudiesisnearapark.=Theschoolinwhichmystudiesisnearapark.关系副词when,where,why的用法Thisistheplace_____(which/where)Ispendmychildhood.Thisistheplace_____(which/where)Ivisitedlastsummer.第一空填where(从句中spend是谓语，mychildhood是宾语where代指theplace在从句中充当地点状语)第二空填which(which指代前面的theplace在从句中充当visit的宾语)where还可用在表示抽象意义的地点名词后，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition,activity,scene,occasion等,意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。Theaccidenthasreachedtothepointwhereboththeirparentsaretobecalledin.2.When引导定语从句时，先行词为表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语，可用“at,in,on,during等介词+which”来替换。I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheteam.=I’llneverforgettheday

onwhich

Ijoinedtheteam.I'llwillneverforeverthedays______(which/when)wespendtogether.I'llwillneverforeverthedays______(which/when)welivetogetherinthecountry.第一空填which(which指代前面的thedays在从句中充当spend的宾语)第二空填when(从句中we是主语，live是谓语，inthecountry是宾语，when指代thedays在从句中充当时间状语)3.Why引导定语从句时，先行词通常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，可用“for+which”来替换。Doyouknowthereasonwhyheissoupset?=Doyouknowthereason

forwhich

heissoupset?Thesearethereasons

wedoit.Idon'tbelievethereason

hegavemeforhisbeinglate..第一空填why(从句中we是主语，do是谓语，it是宾语，why指代thereasons在从句中充当时间状语)第二空填which(which指代前面的thereasons在从句中充当gave的宾语)关系副词相当于被代替的先行词在从句中作成分wherewhenwhyin,at等介词+which表示地点的名词at,in,on,during等介词+which地点状语表示时间的名词时间状语for+whichreason原因状语由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引导，从句和主句就产生了关系，融合成了一个主从复合句定语从句的位置：InductionDiscussbrieflywithapartnerthemajorfunctionsofthem.Thenmakeashortsummaryinatableormindmap.通常在先行词后。定语名词或代词定语从句本质：一个句子作，紧紧跟在所修饰

（先行词）的后面定语从句如何和主句连接在一起？关系词通常有下列三个作用:(1)引导定语从句;(2)代替先行词;(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。定语从句的引导词关系代词关系副词指人指物who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)，that(主语、宾语),whose(定语)that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语)whose(定语)where(地点状语)when(时间状语)why(原因状语)InductionDiscussbrieflywithapartnerthemajorfunctionsofthem.Thenmakeashortsummaryinatableormindmap.指地点指时间指原因PracticeRewritethesentencesusingrelativeclauses.Ihavedownloadedthatfreeapp,butitdoesn’tworkwell.Thefreeappwhich/thatIhavedownloadeddoesn’tworkwell.1.Heshowedmeaphotoinhisroom.ItwasaphotoofafamousculturalrelicinEgypt.Thephoto

that/whichheshowedmeinhisroomwasaphotoofafamousculturalrelicinEgypt.1.Whichpronounscanbedeletedinyoursentences?2.Whatistheheadnoun?3.Whatisthefunctionoftheheadnouninthemainclause?4.Whatrelativepronounoradverbshouldbeused?5.Whatisthefunctionofrelativepronounoradverbintherelativeclause?2.TheprojectteamhelpedprotectthenationalparksintheUnitedRepublicofTanzania.Itwasformedbymembersfromfifteencountries.TheprojectteamwhosememberswerefromfifteencountrieshelpedprotectthenationalparksintheUnitedRepublicofTanzania.3.ThistemplewasfirstbuiltduringtheQinDynasty.ThetimewhenthistemplewasfirstbuiltwasduringtheQinDynasty.n.共和国4.WemetaprofessionalarchaeologistattheentrancetotheGreatPyramid.Heexplainedtoustheprocessofbuildingsuchadifficultstructure.adj.&n.职业的;专业人员n.入口;进入Theprofessionalarchaeologistwho/whom

wemetattheentrancetotheGreatPyramidexplainedtoustheprocessofbuildingsuchadifficultstructure.n.过程vt.处理;加工5.Thedocumentsabouttheculturalrelicsfromoverseasareunderthedesk.Ifoundthemyesterday.Theplacewhere

Ifoundthedocumentsabouttheculturalrelicsfromoverseasyesterdayisunderthedesk.adj.海外的adv.在海外6.Scientistsworkedtogetherdayandnighttorescuethetemplebecausetheywantedtopreserveitforthenextgeneration.Thereason

why

scientistsworkedtogetherdayandnighttorescuethetempleisthattheywantedtopreserveitforthenextgeneration.ApplicationPlayagameofdefinitions.Oneasksthequestionsbelowandtheotheranswersthemwithrelativeclauses.Workouttwomorequestionsofyourown.A:Whatisanexit?B:Anexitisthedoorwhere/throughwhich

youcanleaveabuilding.v.&n.出去;出口GroupWorkA:Whatisalibrary?B:Alibraryisa

placefromwhichyoucanborrowbooks.B:Alibraryisa

placeinwhichyoucanreadbooks/finishyourpaper.B:Alibraryisaplacewhereyoucanread/borrowbooks.2.What’sagoodfriend?(towhom;who)A:Whatisagoodfriend?B:Agoodfriendissomeonetowhomyoucantellyourstress/secret/problems/recommendinterestingbooks.B:Agoodfriendissomeonewho/whomyoucanshareyourhappinessandsadnesswith/getsupportfrom/tellyourstress/secret/problemsto.

Agoodfriendissomeonewhocanhelpyouwhenyouareintrouble/makesyoufeelwarmandsafe3.What’savacation?(duringwhich;when)A:Whatisavacation?B:Avacationisatimeduringwhich

youdon’twork/enjoyuniqueviews/visitfamousculturalheritagesites.B:Avacationisatimewhenyoudon’twork/enjoyuniqueviews/visitfamousculturalheritagesites.4.What’safootballcoach?(fromwhom;who)A:Whatisafootballcoach?B:Afootballcoachissomeonewho

trainsfootballplayers/givesadviceforfootballplayers/leadsfootballteamtopracticetogetherB:Afootballcoachissomeonefromwhom

footballplayersreceivetraining/advice.1.Whatistheyoungestage

apersoncanbeemployed?2.Iwillneverforgettheday

hepassedaway.3.Heistheman

shewenttoEurope.4.Imadealistofthemembers

Ihadreceivedreplies.

Preposition+RelativePronounatwhichonwhichfromwhomwithwhom当关系代词作介词宾语时，就出现了“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。作介词宾语的关系代词通常用which或whom,

不能用that。“介词+which”引导的定语从句修饰指物的先行词，“介词+whom”引导的定语从句修饰指人的先行词。介词+关系代词ThisisthebookforwhichIpaid10yuan.Thegirlwithwhomyouworkishisgirlfriend.ThisisthebusinessforwhichIwasresponsible.介词的选择

Ⅰ

1.与从句中的谓语动词或形容词搭配Preposition+

RelativePronoun1.Idon’tlikethewayinwhich/thathespeaks.2.Thebikeonwhichheoftenridesneedsrepairing.3.Idon’tlikethewayinwhichhespeaks.介词的选择

Ⅱ2.与先行词搭配Preposition+

RelativePronounIdon’tliketheway

in

which/that/不填hespeaks.2.与先行词搭配介词的选择

Ⅱ注意：way(方式)为先行词，且关系词在从句中作状语时，定语从句的引导词用inwhich或that或省略。Preposition+

RelativePronoun1.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,throughwhichwecouldseewhatwashappeninginsidethehouse.2.Villagersheredependonthefishingindustry,withoutwhichtherewon’tbemuchwork.介词的选择

Ⅲ3.看句意看前看后看意思Preposition+

RelativePronoun

Isthistheschool

youstudiedtenyearsago?

I’llneverforgettheday

Ifirstmether.

Thereason

shewasabsentwasthatshemissedthetrain.①“介词+which”有时可与相应的关系副词互换inwhich/whereonwhich/whenforwhich/whyPreposition+

RelativePronounThisisthebook

I’mmostinterestedin.②介词可后置，这时关系代词可省略。Thisisthewatchwhich/thatIamlookingfor.Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.③含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,take