《计算机专业英语》课件第10章

UNIT10

TOPICS

TEXTEmbeddedSystem

EXERCISES

SUPPLEMENTARYInceptionReview

CONVERSATIONUnderstandingPartyCultureintheWestWRITINGHowtoWritetheAbstractsofScientificandTechnologicalThesesTOPICS

Whatisembeddedsystem?

Whatisthehistoryofembeddedsystem?

HowaboutthedifferencebetweencommonPCandembeddedsystem?

Whatdoesembeddedsystemdo?

Whatarethecharacteristicsofembeddedsystem?

Whatdoyouthinkofthefutureofembeddedsystem?

UnderstandingpartycultureintheWest.

Howtowritetheabstractsofscientificandtechnologicaltheses?

Anembeddedsystemisacomputersystemdesignedforspecificcontrolfunctionswithinalargersystem,oftenwithreal-timecomputingconstraints.Itisembeddedaspartofacompletedeviceoftenincludinghardwareandmechanicalparts.Bycontrast,ageneral-purposecomputer,suchasapersonalcomputer(PC)，isdesignedtobeflexibleandtomeetawiderangeofend-userneeds.Embeddedsystemscontrolmanydevicesincommonusetoday.TEXT

EmbeddedSystem

Embeddedsystemscontainprocessingcoresthataretypicallyeithermicrocontrollersordigitalsignalprocessors(DSP).Thekeycharacteristic，however，isbeingdedicatedtohandleaparticulartask.Sincetheembeddedsystemisdedicatedtospecifictasks，designengineerscanoptimizeittoreducethesizeandcostoftheproductandincreasethereliabilityandperformance.Someembeddedsystemsaremass-produced,benefitingfromeconomiesofscale.

Physically,embeddedsystemsrangefromportabledevicessuchasdigitalwatchesandMP3players,tolargestationaryinstallationsliketrafficlights,factorycontrollers,orthesystemscontrollingnuclearpowerplants.Complexityvariesfromlow,withasinglemicrocontrollerchip,toveryhighwithmultipleunits，peripheralsandnetworksmountedinsidealargechassisorenclosure.

History

Smallsystemsbutstillrequiredmanyexternalmemoryandsupportchips.In1978NationalEngineeringManufacturersAssociationreleaseda“standard”forprogrammablemicrocontrollers,includingalmostanycomputer-basedcontrollers,suchassingleboardcomputers,numerical,andevent-basedcontrollers.

Asthecostofmicroprocessorsandmicrocontrollersfellitbecamefeasibletoreplaceexpensiveanalogcomponentssuchaspotentiometersandvariablecapacitorswithup/downbuttonsorknobsreadoutbyamicroprocessoreveninsomeconsumerproducts.Bythemid-1980s，mostofthecommonpreviouslyexternalsystemcomponentshadbeenintegratedintothesamechipastheprocessorandthismodernformofthemicrocontrollerallowedanevenmorewidespreaduse，whichbytheendofthedecadewerethenormratherthantheexceptionforalmostallelectronicsdevices.

Theintegrationofmicrocontrollershasfurtherincreasedtheapplicationsforwhichembeddedsystemsareusedintoareaswheretraditionallyacomputerwouldnothavebeenconsidered.Ageneralpurposeandcomparativelylow-costmicrocontrollermayoftenbeprogrammedtofulfillthesameroleasalargenumberofseparatecomponents.Althoughinthiscontextanembeddedsystemisusuallymorecomplexthanatraditionalsolution,mostofthecomplexityiscontainedwithinthemicrocontrolleritself.Veryfewadditionalcomponentsmaybeneededandmostofthedesigneffortisinthesoftware.Theintangiblenatureofsoftwaremakesitmucheasiertoprototypeandtestnewrevisionscomparedwiththedesignandconstructionofanewcircuitnotusinganembeddedprocessor.

Characteristics

1.Embeddedsystemsaredesignedtodosomespecifictask，ratherthanbeageneral-purposecomputerformultipletasks.Somealsohavereal-timeperformanceconstraintsthatmustbemet，forreasonssuchassafetyandusability;othersmayhavelowornoperformancerequirements,allowingthesystemhardwaretobesimplifiedtoreducecosts.

2.Embeddedsystemsarenotalwaysstandalonedevices.Manyembeddedsystemsconsistofsmall，computerizedpartswithinalargerdevicethatservesamoregeneralpurpose.Forexample，theGibsonRobotGuitarfeaturesanembeddedsystemfortuningthestrings,buttheoverallpurposeoftheRobotGuitaris，ofcourse,toplaymusic.Similarly,anembeddedsysteminanautomobileprovidesaspecificfunctionasasubsystemofthecaritself.

3.Theprograminstructionswrittenforembeddedsystemsarereferredtoasfirmware，andarestoredinread-onlymemoryorFlashmemorychips.Theyrunwithlimitedcomputerhardwareresources:littlememory，smallornon-existentkeyboardorscreen.1．MicrocontrollerUnit(MCU)(a)Acategoryofsoftwaretoolsfordesigningelectronicsystemssuchasprintedcircuitboardsandintegratedcircuits.Thetoolsworktogetherinadesignflowthatchipdesignersusetodesignandanalyzeentiresemiconductorchips.EXERCISES2．ReducedInstructionSetComputing(RISC)(b)AppleInc.’smobileoperatingsystem.OriginallydevelopedfortheiPhoneandiPodTouch,ithassincebeenextendedtosupportotherAppledevicessuchastheiPad,andAppleTV.3．Android

(c)Asinglechipthatcontainsaprocessor,RAM,ROM,clockandI/Ocontrolunit.HundredsofmillionsofMCUsareusedinmyriaddevicesrangingfromautomobilestoactionfigures.4．iOS

(d) ACPUdesignstrategybasedontheinsightthatsimplified(asopposedtocomplex)instructionscanprovidehigherperformanceifthissimplicityenablesmuchfasterexecutionofeachinstruction.AcomputerbasedonthisstrategyisareducedinstructionsetcomputeralsocalledRISC.5．ElectronicDesignAutomation(EDA)(e)  ALinux-basedoperatingsystemformobiledevicessuchassmartphonesandtabletcomputers.ItisdevelopedbytheOpenHandsetAllianceledbyGoogle.Ⅱ.ArethefollowingstatementsTrue(T)orFalse(F)?

1．()Anembeddedsystemisageneral-purposesystem.

2．()Physically,embeddedsystemsrangefromportabledevicessuchasdigitalwatchesandMP3players,tolargestationaryinstallationsliketrafficlights，factorycontrollers.

3．()Embeddedsystemsrangefromnouserinterfaceatall—dedicatedonlytoonetask—tocomplexgraphicaluserinterfacesthatresemblemoderncomputerdesktopoperatingsystems.

4．()ApplelicensesiOSforinstallationonnon-applehardware.

5．()Embeddedsoftware’sprincipalroleisnotinformationtechnology，butrathertheinteractionwiththephysicalworld.6．()Embeddedsoftwareisusuallywrittenforspecialpurposehardware.7．()“Microcontroller”isasynonymof“microprocessor”.8．()TherelativesimplicityofARMprocessorsmakesthemsuitableforlowpowerapplications.9．()Machinesthatembeddedsystemsresideinmakenoerrorsatall.10．()Unreliablemechanicalmovingpartssuchasdiskdrives，switchesorbuttonsareoftenusedinembeddedsystemⅢ.TranslatethefollowingwordsandphrasesintoChinese.Ⅳ.TranslatethefollowingChinesestatementsintoEnglish.1．嵌入式系统把计算机直接嵌入到应用系统中，它融合了计算机软/硬件技术、通信技术和微电子技术。

2．20世纪70年代单片机的出现，使得汽车、家电、工业机器、通信装置以及成千上万种产品可以通过内嵌电子装置来获得更佳的使用性能。

3．嵌入式系统的构架可以分成四个部分：处理器、存储器、输入/输出(I/O)单元和软件。

4．嵌入式实时系统以其简洁、高效等特点越来越多地受到人们的广泛关注。

5．嵌入式操作系统相关的研究包括嵌入式操作系统的实时性、通用性、扩展性和安全性。

Ⅴ.Fillineachoftheblankswithoneofthefollowingwordsor

phrases.

storageindependentlyreal-timesoftwaredifferentdedicated

composeinteraction

EmbeddedSystemreferstoakindofdeviceorappliancethatonlyhasthefunctionsofacomputer，butnotaPCsystem.Itcentersonapplicationanditssoftware&hardwarecanbedownsizedsoastocatertothe

computersystemsthathavestrictrequirementsonthefunction，reliability，cost，volumeandpowerconsumptionoftheapplicationsystem.Simplyspeaking，withitsapplicationsandhardwareallinone，theembeddedsystemresemblethewaythatBIOSfunctionsinaPC，itshigh-automationandquick-responsemakesitespeciallysuitablefora

andmulti-taskcomputersystem.Thissystemis

ofembeddedprocessor，supportinghardware，embeddedO/Sanditsapplication

.Itisakindofdevicethatcanfunction

.Thehardwarepartconsistsofprocessorormicroprocessor，

，peripheraldevices，I/Oportsandgraphiccontroller，etc.Embeddedsystemis

fromageneralcomputerprocessingsystem，asitdoesn’thavesuchalargestoragemediumasHDDinaPC，onlysupportingEPROM/EEPROMorFlashMemory.Thesoftwareconsistsofoperatingsystem(requestforreal-time&multi-taskoperation)andtheapplicationprogramming.Theapplicationscontroltheoperatingandfunctioningofthesystem，whiletheoperatingsystemcontrolsthe

betweentheapplicationprogrammingandthehardware.“Trueinspirationisimpossibletofake”,explainsacharacterinChristopherNolan’sexistentialistheistfilmInception.Ifthat’sthecase，thenInceptionisoneofthemosthonestfilmsevermade.Nolanhascraftedamoviethat’sbeyondbrilliantandlayeredbothnormativelyandthematically.SUPPLEMENTARY

InceptionReview

Itrequirestheaudiencetotakeinacollectionofrules,exceptions，locations,jobs，andabilitiesinordertounderstandthetext，letalonethefascinatingsubtext.Nolan’smagnumopusisthefirstmajorblockbusterinoveradecadethat’sdemandedintenseviewerconcentration,raisedthoughtfulandcomplexideas，andwrappedeverythingallinabreathlesslyexcitingactionfilm.Inceptionmaybecomplicated,butsimplyputit’soneofthebestmoviesoftheyear.Inceptionrequiressomuchexpositionthatalesserdirectorwouldhaveforcedtheaterstodistributepamphletstoaudiencemembersinordertoexplainthecomplicatedworldhe’sdeveloped.Duringmyfirstdraftofthisview,IrealizedIhadspentthreeparagraphssimplytryingtoexplaintheplot.Iwillsimplyavoidthisexpositionandpresentthemovie’sbasicpremise.Inceptioncentersonateamofindividualsledbyan“extractor”namedCobb(LeonardoDiCaprio)who,throughtheuseofaspecialdevice,constructthedreamsofatargetandusethosedreamstoimplantanideasothatthetargetwillmakeadecisionbeneficialtotheindividualwhohiredtheteam.Tosaythatscratchesthesurfacewouldbeaninsulttobothscratchesandsurfaces.ButsinceittakesNolanaboutfiftyminutestoseteverythingup，Ihopeyou’llforgivemybrevity.Whyisitsodifficulttoexplaintheplotindepth?First,Idon’twanttospoilyou.Secondly,thefilmlayersdreamsontopofdreamstothepointwhereauniquekeepsakecalleda“totem”isrequiredinordertoinformacharacterastowhetherornotheorsheisstilldreaming.Thenyouhavepeopleinparticularroleslike“TheArchitect”，“TheForger”，and“TheChemist”inordertopulloffthejob.Furthermore,dreamshaverules:dyinginadreamforcesthedreamertowakeup，delvingtoodeeplyintoamindcancauseaneternalslumbercalled“Limbo”,usingmemoriestoconstructdreamsisdangerousbecauseitcanblurthelinebetweendreamsandreality.Inaddition，intrudinginthedreamsofanotherwillcausethedreamer’s“projections”(humanrepresentationscreatedbythedreamer)toattacktheintruderslikewhitebloodcellsgoingafteraninfection.Andtheseexplanationsonlyrepresentafractionoftheterminology，rules，exceptions，ordetailsthatarenecessaryforcreatingtheworldofInception.Butit’snotaconfusingmovieifyouprovideitwithyourfullattention.Therearealotofsummermoviesthataskyouturnoffyourbrainandenjoythepersistent-vegetative-stateride.Inceptionisnotoneofthosemovies.There’salottotakein，buttheimaginativeandthoughtfuldeliveryofexpositionkeepstheviewerriveteddespitetheamountofinformationrequiredinordertounderstandthepremise，setting，andplot.

Asyou’veprobablyguessed,whenIsaidatthebeginningofthisreviewthatInceptionwasthefirstmovieinoveradecadetomixbreathtakingactionwiththoughtfulsubtext，Iwasreferringto1999’sTheMatrix.Thecomparisonsareinevitable.Bothmoviesdealwiththenatureofrealitycombinedwithpulse-poundingsetpiecesthatwillbeincludedinanyaction-scenehighlightreel.ButTheMatrixisafreshmanlevelcoursecomparedtothedoctorateheldbyInception,andithasnothingtodowithhowfarspecialeffectshavecomeintenyears.It’sabouttakingmultiplegenres,settings，ideas，emotions，andquestionsandweavingthemintoarichtapestrythatwillhavefolkstalkinglongafterthecreditsroll.Butthenyouthrowinthoseadvancedspecialeffectsandyouhaveasummerblockbusterthatwillblowyourmind.You’veneverseenanythinglikeInception,andyou’llwanttoseeitagainandagain.

Party在这里不指“党派”，而是指各种聚会。许多西方人热衷于举办各种Party，一有适当的机会就会聚在一起乐一下。除了大家比较熟悉的生日聚会(BirthdayParty)、结婚宴会(WeddingParty)、舞会(BallParty)等，还有许多其他形式、种类的聚会，现将其中一些聚会及其习惯、习俗介绍给大家。CONVERSATION

UnderstandingPartyCultureintheWest

了解西方的Party文化

1.赏秋聚会(AutumnFoliageParty)秋天，美国东北部漫山遍野的树林颜色变幻无穷，朋友们经常相邀欣赏迷人的秋色，故得此名。

2.棕色纸袋会(BrownBagParty)这是一种自带食品的聚会。在这种聚会上(一般是午餐时间)，大家各自吃自己棕色纸袋里带去的食品，轻松自如地随意交谈。因为美国食品店都是用牛皮纸包装食品，是一种经济实惠的交际活动，故得此名。

3.樱桃聚会(CherryParty或CherryHour)该聚会实质上是工作交流聚会，一般在下午三四点钟，一天工作即将结束时举行。各部门有关人员聚在一起，边喝饮料边交流当天的工作情况。

4.圣诞树装饰会(ChristmasTreeDecoratingParty)这是为迎接圣诞节各家各户举办的活动，边唱边跳边装饰，节日气氛浓厚。参加者需带绸带、剪纸、纸花等装饰品。

5.鸡尾酒会(CocktailParty)这种聚会常在下午三至四时，或五至七时举行。客人可以晚到或早来，来去比较自由。在这种聚会上人们品尝各种鸡尾酒，故得此名。

6.欢送会(FarewellParty)欢送会是在办公室里占用上班时间开的，一般是买点礼物点些Pizza即可。

7.暖屋会(HousewarmingParty)“暖屋”从字面上解释就是“把屋子弄热”，暖屋会一般是搬了新家以后开，给新家增加人气。与会者常带上一两件小礼物，如炊具等家庭实用物品，以帮助主人开始新的生活。

8.费用分担的社交聚会(No-hostParty)

no-host是“没有主人”的意思。这种社交聚会由参加的人各自分担费用，形式上有主办者，但没有担负全部费用的主人(host)。大家可分担现金，也可各自带食品和饮料。

9.野炊聚会(PicnicParty或Cook-Outs)野炊是美国人最喜欢的活动之一。全家人或几家人带上炊具、食物到野外边烧烤边吃边聊天，别有一番情趣。

10.家常聚餐会(PotluckParty)这是美国人最经常举行的一种典型聚会，源于早年农忙季节，邻居互相帮工，并把从自家带来的食物放在一起共同享用。现在这种聚会则是个人或各家带着足够几个人或几家人吃的食品(通常是自己做的拿手好菜)聚到一起，分享各家的精美食品。

11.大家缝聚会(QuiltingParty或QuiltingBee或Quilting)早些时候，美国妇女很少外出工作，无聊时就带上要缝的被子聚在一起边缝边闲谈，故得此名。

12.男士聚会(StagParty)

StagParty只限于男子参加，女性一律谢绝。在StagParty上，男士们主要是打扑克，一起看拳击赛或者足球赛。有时候，会在新郎举行婚礼的前夜举行StagParty，以纪念他告别单身生活。

13.超级杯聚会(SuperBowlParty)这是在超级杯总决赛的时候开的聚会，一般不管是不是球迷都会参加，因为一年里最精彩的新广告会在比赛中间播出。

14.惊喜聚会(SurpriseParty)聚会主角一般事先不知情，被骗到现场后大家从藏身之处跳出来大喊:“SURPRISE!”。大多是为某人生日、搬家、升迁等举行。

15.车尾野餐会(TailgateParty)这是一种不分男女老少的聚会。tailgate原是一种箱形轿车尾部的车门，它可以翻下来当桌子用。一些球迷在比赛开始前几小时就捷足先登，把三明治、热狗或者烘烤肉类放在这张车尾的临时桌子上举行野餐，这就是TailgateParty的由来。ExampleDialogue1

A:AreyougoingtoHelen’sbirthdaypartyonFridayevening?

B:Iwouldn’tmissitfortheworld!It’ssuretobefun.She’sinvitedalotofpeople.Doyouthinkeveryonewillbeabletogetintoherhouse?

A:Ifeveryoneturnedup，itwouldbeasqueeze，butafewpeoplesaidthattheycouldn’tgo，soIthinkitshouldbeOK.

B:Areyoutakinganything?

A:I’vegotherabirthdaypresentandI’lltakeabottleofwinetoo.

B:That’sagoodidea.Shetoldshehadboughtplentyoffoodandsnacks.Ithinkit’sgoingtobeanoisyparty.Ihopeherneighborsdon’tmindtoomuch.

A:Helengetsonverywellwithherneighours.Iwouldn’tbesurprisediftheywenttothepartytoo.

B:I’mreallylookingforwardtoit.Thispartyisgoingtobeablast!

A:Well，don’tbelate.I’llseeyouonFridayatHelen’s.

Dialogue2

A:CanIgetyousomethingtodrink?

B:No,that’sOK,Ialreadyhaveacoke.Whydon’tyouhaveaseat?Youlooklikeyou’vebeenonyourfeetallday.

A:IguessIcouldtakeabreak.So,howdoyoulikeDenver?

B:It’sgreat!Themountainsherearebeautiful,andtheskiingisspectacular.Haveyoubeenhereforalongtime?

A:Aboutsixyears...

B:Whatdoyoudoforaliving?

A:Imanageoneoftheskilodges.It’sagreatjob,Icanspendalotofmytimeoutdoors,andIalsogettoskiforfreeallseason.

B:Wow,talkaboutjobperks!That’sgreat.Iwouldliketodosomethingexcitinglikethat.ButIamonlyanaccountant.Nottoomuchexcitementthere,huh?

A:That’sokay.Ifitweren’tforyouaccountants，nobodywouldhavethemoneytogoskiing!PracticeImaginethatyouareatacompanypartywhereyouaresupposedtotalkwithanewcolleague.Practicethefollowingconversationwiththegivenpoints:

Introduceyourrolesinthecompany.

Learnaboutyourhometowns.

Talkaboutyourhobbies.

Exchangecontactinformationwitheachother.TipsParty常用语

1．IamthrowingapartySaturday.Wouldyouliketocome?周六我要办个聚会，你来吗?

2．I’dloveto,butIalreadyhaveplans.我很想去，但是我已经有安排了。

3．It’sasurpriseparty.这是一个惊喜聚会。

4．Areyoualone?你是一个人来吗?

5．Howmanypeoplearecoming?共有多少人要来呢?

6．Whoisgoingtoorganizethebirthdaypartynexttime？下次轮到谁办生日聚会了呢？

7．Iamturning23tomorrow.明天我就二十三岁了。

8．AreyouguysOK?你们都还好吧?

9．CanIbringanythingtotheparty?我要带点什么去参加聚会呢?

10．Makeyourselfathome!请别客气.

11．Everybodypicksupwhateveryouwant.每个人拿任何你们想要的东西。

12．Youareapartypooper.你真是扫兴。

13．Hedanceslikeananimal.他跳舞跳得很疯狂。

14．Thatguyissuchapartyanimal.那家伙真是个聚会狂。

15．Ireallyenjoyedthefoodandmusictonight.我真的很喜欢今晚的食物和音乐。

16．Thisplaceissocool!这个地方真不错!

16．Thispartyissodull.Idon’tknowanyonehere,whoarethesepeople?这个聚会太无聊了，我谁都不认识，这些人都是谁啊?

17．That’sarealeye-openingexperience.那真是一个令人大开眼界的经历。

为适应世界范围内科技文献的快速增加，方便科技工作者检索，科技文献一般要附有英文摘要。摘要又称提要、文摘，其对应的英文名称为abstract。国际标准ISO214-76对其的解释为：anabbreviated，accuraterepresentationofthecontentsofadocumentwithoutaddedinterpretationorcriticism。意思是对文献内容的准确压缩，不加以解释或评论。WRITING

HowtoWritetheAbstractsofScientificandTechnologicalTheses

如何写科技论文摘要

一般所说的英文摘要是指“英文摘要正文”。而将英文标题、作者姓名汉语拼音、其工作单位英译文、英文摘要正文、英文关键词放在一起统称为“英文摘要”。绝大多数有英文摘要的文章一般把这五个部分放在一起作为相对独立于文章正文的一个单独的部分。

1.摘要的种类科技论文英文摘要主要有两种类型:

(1)信息型摘要(InformativeAbstract)：也称报道型摘要，主要用于实验性和技术性较强的论文，报道论文的研究成果、数据和结论，对于最佳条件、成功的数据及误差范围、结论及适用范围如实给出。其中要综述论文的主要内容、要旨、重点，还需列出有关的具体数据、实验结果以及采用的方法。信息型摘要多用于科技杂志或科技期刊的文章，也用于会议论文及各种专题技术报告。这类摘要可分段。

(2)指示性摘要(IndicatedAbstracts)：也称描述性摘要，多用于理论性较强的论文，如专论、评论、综述、数学计算、理论推导等，主要概括论文的主要论点、分析过程和结论。该类摘要很少传递具体数据，而只告诉读者本文采用了什么方法、讨论了什么问题、得出了什么结论，内容宏观，篇幅较短。综述性、评论性或资料性论文宜写成指示性摘要。这类摘要一般不分段。

2.摘要的四要素

(1)目的(Objective)：概括研究的前提、目的、任务及所涉及的主题范围，该项内容通常是用一句话来完成，必须紧扣论文题目和主题。通常采用一般现在时态或直接用动词不定式词组来表达。

(2)方法(Methods)：陈述研究实验中的对象，实验研究中曾使用的材料、设备、工艺、手段、程序等方面。该项内容包括较多，组织较难，一定要用较为简短的语言来表达其内容，而初学者往往不能控制且浓缩不好，总希望将实验或研究的全部内容都加以表达，导致篇幅较大，最终事与愿违，效果不佳。因该项目所表述的是已经采用的实验方法、路线和手段，故常用一般过去时态。

(3)结果(Results)：揭示已经得出的研究结果，包括数据、效果、性能等方面。该项内容用一句话来概括通过方法中的手段得到的结果以及研究目的达到与否，同时对研究者已经完成的研究进行总结，因此常用一般过去时态。

(4)结论(Conclusion)：根据研究结果提出问题、建议、预测，包括对结果的分析、比较、应用等方面。此项内容包括通过实验研究或总结，对于同行和阅读者有什么帮助、建议和启迪，因此常用一般现在时态或情态动词。

3.摘要的文体特点摘要的写作原则是提纲挈领，重点突出，内容完整，语言准确、客观和简洁。语体正式、句法结构规范、用词准确精炼、篇章结构紧凑完整是科技论文英文摘要的文体特点。写作科技论文英文摘要时，应多用规范正式的专业词汇或使用范围较窄、意义更准确的“大词”，多用现在时态和被动语态。

(1)正规。摘要一般以专业人员为读者对象，属于正式文体，句法结构要求严谨规范。因此，摘要中的句子都很完整，没有口语体中的省略句或不完整句。用词也很规范，多用论文研究领域的标准术语、正规英语，很少用缩写词和古词。

(2)精炼。摘要要求精炼，不宜列举例证，不宜与其他研究工作作对比，语句也少有重复。在衔接方面，主要使用词汇手段，通过词汇在意义上的衔接，把全篇文章的各部分紧紧地联系在一起，使文章结构紧凑，前后呼应。复合名词可以使文字紧凑利落，因而摘要中复合名词用得较多。

(3)具体。摘要的每个概念、论点都要具体鲜明。一般不笼统地写论文“与什么有关”，而直接写论文“说明什么”。用词方面要求准确，多用一些源自法语和拉丁语且使用范畴较窄的“大词”、“长词”，尽量避免含混不清或一词多义的词语。

(4)完整。摘要本身要完整。有些读者是利用摘要杂志或索引卡片进行研究工作的，很可能得不到全篇论文，因此要注意不要引用论文某节或某张插图来代替说明。

ExampleApplyingMatlabStochasticModelsonComputerApplicationSystemsviaCORBAQuanXiaohong(SoftwareCollege,ChangzhouCollegeofInformationTechology,Changzhou，Jiangsu,213164，China)

Abstract:AframeworkofapplyingMatlabstochasticmodelsoncomputerapplicationsystemsviaCORBAinterfacewasproposed.Theresultsofimplementinganoptionpricingmodelonanenergytradingsystemindicatethatthisgenericsolutionisabletoimprovethesystemexecutingefficiency.

Keywords:Matlab;CORBA;stochasticmodel;energytradingsystem基于CORBA的Matlab随机模型在计算机应用系统中的应用权小红(常州信息职业技术学院软件学院，中国江苏常州213164)摘要：介绍一种基于CORBA接口的Matlab随机模型在计算机应用系统上的实现方案。应用该方案在能源交易系统上进行的期权定价模型实验结果表明，该方案能有效地缩短系统运行时间，具有一定的通用性。关键词：Matlab；CORBA；随机模型；能源交易系统EdificationoftheDevelopmentofIndianSoftwareIndustryonChineseHigherVocationalSoftwareTalentCultivationQuanXiaohong,TangXiaoyan(SoftwareCollege,ChangzhouCollegeofInformationTechology,Changzhou,Jiangsu,213164,China)

Abstract:TherapiddevelopmentandsuccessofIndiansoftwareindustryareofvitalimportancetoourcountry.BasedontheactualityofhighervocationalschoolinChina，weshouldchangeourideasofteaching，setthepropertrainingobjectiveofhighervocationalsoftwaretalents，explorescientifically，developthecoursesproperly，focusesonpracticalwork，followtheteachingmodeof“learningbydoing”;comprehensivelyimprovethequalificationsofsoftwaretalentstomeetwiththesevereinternationalcompetition.

Keywords:Indiansoftwareindustry;highervocationalsoftwaretalents;cultivationmode印度软件业发展对我国高职软件人才培养的启示权小红，唐小燕(常州信息职业技术学院软件学院，中国江苏常州213164)摘要：印度软件业的迅猛发展与成功经验，对我国高职软件人才培养有重要的借鉴意义。结合目前