人教版英语八年级下册期末专项模拟练习题阅读理解

8年级下册英语期末专项模拟练习题阅读理解（一）LilymaKhanistheheadchef(厨师长)atDearDonnainNewDelhi.Whenshewasaround3yearsold,she'dwatchherfathercookforthewholeneighborhood.Butattheageof5,shelostherfather,andthenhermother.ShelivedonthestreetsuntilshewassavedbyanNGO(NongovernmentalOrganization)attheageof11.Itwasherethatshereceivedaneducationforthefirsttime.However,herauntcalledherhomewhenshewas13,andmadeherworkatashoefactory.Shelostthechancetogotoschool.Luckily,anotherNGOhelpedherout.Oneday,AnandKapoor,whorunsanorganizationthatprovidesskillstrainingtoyoungadults,visitedLilyma'sNGO.Heaskedthepeoplethereallabouttheiraspirations.Lilymasaidshewantedtobeeachef.ThenshewasgivenachancetoworkatanItalianrestaurant.ChefSadeevPasricha,whohastrainedLilyma,hasknownherforeightyears.Hesaid,“Sheamazesmewitheverythingthatshedoes.Sheworkswellunderpressure.Sheisaquicklearnerandworksveryhard,foralmost12hoursaday.”Today,Lilymaleadsateamof35peopleatDearDonnaandhasherownhouse.“It'sveryeasytotakeawrongturnandmeetwithmanydifficulties.Weshouldhavecourage(勇气)tomoveforwardinlife.FrombeinghungryallthetimeIamnowabletofeedmany.Youcanalsoachieveyourdreams,”saidLilyma.()1.WhendidLilymaloseherparents?A.Attheageof3.B.Attheageof5.C.Attheageof11.D.Attheageof13.()2.WhatcanweknowaboutLilyma'schildhood?A.ShegrewupinanNGO.B.Shewasbornintoapoorfamily.C.Shehadahardlifeforalongtime.D.Shefirstlearnedtocookfromhermother.()3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“aspirations”probablymeaninChinese?A.志向B.背景C.灵感D.机会()4.AccordingtoChefSadeev,whatisLilymalike?A.Smartandhumorous.B.Friendlyandhelpful.C.Braveandwarmhearted.D.Cleverandhardworking.()5.WhatcanwelearnfromLilyma'swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Hardshiphelpsusbeestronger.C.Itisimportantforustomakeagoodfriend.D.Withcourageandhardwork,onecansucceed.（二）AstrangewaytogetrelaxedhasspreadtocitiesacrossChina.Thatishuggingtrees.Youngpeopletakefortfromit.Hundredsofpeopleonlinesharetheirtreehuggingexperienceswhichmakethemselveslessstressedandnervous.Intheiropinion,itisawayofkeepingacloserelationshipwiththenaturalworld.Byhuggingatree,someofthemfeelthatthetreeishuggingthemback.Onewomangaveupherjobbecauseoftoomuchworkpressure.Accordingtoher,huggingtreeshelpsheralot.Shetotallyenjoysherselfinhuggingtrees.“Huggingtreeshelpsmecalmdownandletsmereturntoanaturalstate(状态).Ifeelsofreeandfeeltheworldissobig.Ihavealsobeebraverthanbefore,"shesaid.Huggingtreesisactuallyakindofpsychologicaltherapy(心理治疗)whichfirstcamefromnorthernEurope.InnorthernFinland,there'sevenatreehuggingpetitioneveryAugust.Astudyhasalsoshownthathuggingcanleadpeopletogiveoffoxytocin(催产素).Oxytocinisabletocreatefeelingsofloveandmakepeoplelessstressed.Whiletreehugginghasbeenshowntobehelpfulforpeople'sbodyandmind,therearemanypointsweshouldpayattentiontobeforewedothat.()1.Whointhefollowingwouldmostprobablyhugtreesaccordingtothepassage?A.Ateenagerwhohasastrongandhealthybody.B.Awomanwhousuallyfeelsexcitedandrelaxed.C.Amanwhowantstorelaxhismindandbody.D.Akidwhodependsonhisorherparentsgreatly.()2.WhathappenedtothewomaninParagraph3afterhuggingtrees?A.Shewasnotafraidofherworkpressure.B.Shefoundherselfmuchmorerelaxed.C.Shefoundanewjobtoprotecttrees.D.Sherealizedtherearemanybravepeopleintheworld.()3.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Whypeoplefeelrelaxedafterhuggingtrees.B.Whofoundhuggingtreesisrelaxing.C.Howpeopleshouldhugtrees.D.Wherepeoplecangetpsychologicaltherapy.()4.Wherecanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Inastorybook.B.Inaguidebook.C.Inahealthmagazine.D.Inasportsmagazine.()5.Whichofthefollowingismostprobablytobediscussednext?A.Someactivechangesbroughtbytreehugging.B.Manyplaceswherepeoplecanhugtrees.C.Morereasonswhypeoplechoosetohugtrees.D.Mattersthatneedtobenoticedbeforehuggingtrees.（三）Asmanyoftheworld'sschoolsarebringingthenewesttechnologyintotheclassroom,oneEuropeancountryisdoingtheopposite.Sweden,whichisoftenthoughttohaveoneoftheworld'sbesteducationsystems,hasspentmillionsofdollarsonnewschooltextbooksandplanstospendmillionsmore.Thecountryhadbeenquicktobringtablets(平板)andputersintoschools,andevenpreschools.ButLottaEdholm,theSwedishministerforschools,nowwantstoseemorepens,pencilsandpaper.“Swedishstudentsneedmoretextbooks.Paperbooksareimportantforstudents‘learning,’”shesaid.Accordingtoareport,theSwedishgovernmentplanstopletelyenddigitallearningforstudentsaged6andunder.Swedishstudentsstilldoverywellatschool.Butaccordingtoastudy,readinglevelsamongfourthgradepupilsgotalittleworsebetween2016and2021.Technologymaynotbethereasonforthisbutthecountrywouldliketoconcentratemoreonquietreading,handwritingandpaperbooks,insteadofthingslikeindependentonlineresearch.Sweden'sKarolinskaInstitutesaidinAugust2023,“There'sclearscientificevidence(证据)thatdigitaltoolshurtratherthanimprovestudents'learning.Webelievethefocus(重点)shouldreturntogettingknowledgethroughprintedtextbooksandteacherexpertise(专门知识).”Itwarnedthatwithtoomuchdigitallearning,studentswillbegettingwronginformationfromtheInternet.()1.WhydoesSwedenplantoprovidemoretextbooksforstudents?A.Theycanbeboughteasily.B.Theyhelpwithstudents'study.C.Theyarecheaperthandigitaltools.D.Theyhelpavoidallthebadinformation.()2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concentrate”meaninChinese?A.专注B.适应C.归咎D.受益()3.AccordingtoKarolinskaInstitute,Swedishschoolsshouldpayattentionto____.A.increasingtheuseofdigitaltoolsB.teachingstudentswithprintedtextbooksC.offeringdifferentinformationtostudentsD.improvingstudents'readingandwritingskills()4.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?SwedishschoolsareimprovingtheirteachingtoolsB.SwedishstudentsareundertoomuchstressC.SwedishstudentsarelongingformorefreeactivitiesD.Swedishschoolsaremovingawayfromdigitaltools（四）OnAugust23,2023,aharborseal(斑海豹)wasfoundoffthecoastofasmallislandinHainanprovince.SinceitwasfirstseennearWuzhizhouIsland,divers(潜水者)havemetwithitseveraltimesandfilmeditswimmingintheseaorrestingontheground.Harborsealsarenationalfirstclassprotectedwildanimals.InChina,theymainlyliveintheBohaiSeaandtheYellowSea.ThesouthernmostpartofChinawheretheywererecordedisGuangdongprovince.Theyarehighlyskilleddivers,makingalmost30diveseveryday.Theycanreachdepthsofupto300metersandstayunderwaterforover20minutesbeforeneedingtogetoutofwatertobreathe.Whenswimmingonthewater,harborsealscanachievespeedsofupto27kilometersperhour.Harborsealscanonlyusetheirfrontlegsandupperbodytomoveonland,resultinginasillybutcuteappearance.Theyoftencatchtheheartsoffanswhentheyappearinzoosandareaffectionatelycalled“seapandas”.Overtheyears,theSanyagovernmenthasworkedhardtoimprovetheseaenvironment.Theingoftheharborsealisagoodsignthattheirworkhasbroughtsomegoodinfluence(影响).WangHao,aworkeratWuzhizhouIsland'stourismzone,wasexcitedtoseetheseal.“Thisisthefirsttimewe'veseenaharborsealnearSanya.WehopehecanmakehishomehereandbeeanewmemberoftheWuzhizhouIslandfamily.”hesaid.()1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutharborseals?A.TheyusedtoliveinSanya.B.Theyneedtobreatheoutofwater.C.Theyaresecondclassprotectedanimals.D.Theyusedtheirbacklegstomoveonland.()2.Howdoesthewritershowharborsealsaregooddivers?A.Bylistingnumbers.B.Bytellingstories.C.Byparingfacts.D.Bygivingexamples.()3.Theunderlinedword“affectionately”inParagraph3means“____”inChinese.A.平淡地B.伤心地C.亲切地D.意外地()4.Whatdoesthearrivaloftheharborsealshow?A.HarborrsealspreferthehotweatherinSanya.B.TheseaenvironmentinSanyahasimproved.C.Harborsealsneednewplacestolookforfood.D.ThepeopleinSanyahavebeguntoprotectharborseals.5.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?（五）TorbjornPedersen,aDanishtraveler,spentnearly10yearsvisitingeverycountryintheworld,buthediditallwithoutflying.MrPedersenhadalreadytraveledandworkedinmanydifferentcountries.Butin2013,hereadanarticleaboutsomeonewhohadvisitedallthecountriesoftheworld.MrPedersenrealizedhecouldsetarecordbydoingthesamething,butwithoutflying.Thefirstpartofhistripwasprettyeasy,thoughhehadtoleavehisjobandmissedhisfamilyfromtimetotime.HetraveledacrossEuropeandNorthAmerica,wherehisbiggestchallengewasnotspendingtoomuchmoney.Butashemovedontootherpartsoftheworld,thingsbegantogetmuchharder.Forexample,MrPedersentookboatstocrosslargebodiesofwater.Sometimesitwashardtofindaboat.Atothertimes,MrPedersenwasonaboatfordays.Onereasonhedidn'tgiveupwasthehelphegotfrompeopleallovertheworld.OnJuly26,2023,MrPedersenarrivedbackinDenmarkaftera33dayboatride.Inthelast10years,he'scoveredaround418.000kilometersalmost10timesthedistance(距离)aroundtheEarth.MrPedersenislookingforwardtosomequiettimetothinkabouthistrip.Afterthat,heplanstowriteabookandsharewhathelearnedinhistravelsaroundtheworld.()1.WhatcanweknowaboutMrPedersen'stravel?Hespenttheshortesttimefinishingit.B.Hevisitedthewholeworldbyhimself.C.Hefinisheditwithouttakingtheplane.D.Hetraveledtoeverycountrybyboat.()2.WhatmadeMrPedersendecidetostartthetravel?A.Hisearlyworkexperience.B.Someone'stravelexperience.C.Hisdreamofsettingarecord.D.Theencouragementfromhisfamily.()3.WhichwasareasonwhyMrPedersennevergaveuphistravel?A.Thebeautifulsightshehadseen.B.Theexcitingchallengeshehadmet.C.Thepromisehekepttohisfamily.D.Thekindnesshegotfromothers.()4.HowcanyouprobablylearnmoreaboutMrPedersen'stravelinthefuture?A.Byreadinghisbook.B.Bycheckinghiswebsite.C.Byvisitinghishometown.D.Byaskinghisfamilyandfriends.（六）ChrisHarriswasaskillfulwriterformagazinesandtelevision.Afewyearsago,hebeganwritingchildren'sbooks.Harris'sfirstcollectionofchildren'spoemswastheNewYorkTimesbestsellerI'mJustNoGoodatRhyming,publishedin2017.Hewroteitshortlyafterbeingaparent.Harrissaid.“WhenIhadkidsofmyown.Iwantedtocreatesomethingforthem.AsIwroteIfounditwasagreatwaytosharealaughwithmykidsandtoshowthemwhatapersoncandowithwordsandletters,withalittleimagination.”Harris'snewbookMyHeadHasaBellyacheisacollectionofhumorous(幽默的)poemsaboutlife.ItcameoutinJuly2023.Harrisgottheideaforitbywatchinghischildrenbeeteenagersandrememberingwhatlifewaslikeforhimatthatstage(阶段).Hispoem“We'reNotWhoWeUsedtoBeGoingtoBe!”isaboutthepressuresomekidsfaceabouthavingtodecideontheirfuturenow.Harrissaid,“It'sgreattohavedreamsandgoafterwhatyouwant,butit'salsoOKtochangeyourmind.”Harrissaidheenjoysusinghumorinhiswritingbecauseitcanhelpyoungreaderswhomightbefacedwithchallengesofgrowingupopenup.“Aformaboutlaughtercanmakeiteasierforreaderstoacceptyouropinions,”saidHarris.()1.WhendidHarriswriteI'mJustNoGoodatRhyming?A.Whenhebegantowriteformagazines.B.Shortlyafterhehadhisownkids.C.Whenhewasasmallchild.D.Rightafterhefinishedhiscollectionofnovels.()2.Fromthethirdparagraph,wecaninferthat_____.A.MyHeadHasaBellyachetellsHarris'sdreamsB.MyHeadHasaBellyacheisapoemaboutpressureC.HarriswroteMyHeadHasaBellyachemainlyforparentsD.readersmaylaughalotwhenreadingMyHeadHasaBellyache()3.WhichofthefollowingmightbeHarris'sopinion?A.Childrenmusthavedreams.B.Childrencanalsochangetheirdecisions.C.It'sparents'jobtodecideonchildren'sfuture.D.It'sterribleforparentstoputchildrenunderpressure.()4.What'sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowHarrishelpsyoungreadersopenup.B.WhyHarrisenjoysusinghumorinwriting.C.HowHarrismakesreadersaccepthisopinionsmoreeasily.D.Whyyoungpeoplearefacedwithchallengesofgrowingup.()5.What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingthispassage?A.Toadviseustoreadpoemsfromanearlyage.B.Toencourageustogoafterwhatwewant.C.Tointroduceusawriterandhisbooks.D.Toshowushowtowritegoodpoems.（七）Seahorsesaresmall,thinfish.Eventhoughthey'refish,seahorsesaren'tgreatswimmers.Instead,theyoftenusetheirtailstoholdontosomethinginthewater.Thereareover40differentkindsofseahorses.Manykindsofthemareindangerbecauseoftheactionsofhumans.Sometimespeoplecatchandsellthemaspets.Theyarealsosometimescaughtbyaccidentwhenboatsaretryingtocatchotherfish.Seahorsesareunusualbecauseit'sthemales(雄性)whocarrythebabies.Malescancarryover100babiesatatime.Whenbabiesareborn,theyareaboutthesizeofagrain(谷粒)ofrice.OnJuly18,2023,around380seahorsesweresetfreeintothewild.Tobegintheproject,scientistscollectedthreepregnant(怀孕的)maleseahorsesinJanuaryandbroughtthemtotheaquarium(水族馆)attheSydneyInstituteofMarineScience(SIMS).Afterthebabieswereborn,thescientistskeptthemattheaquariumforfivemonths,lookingafterthem.Aboutamonthbeforetheyoungseahorsesweresetfree,thescientistscreatedeightunderwater“hotels”toprovideasafeplaceforthemtodevelop.Puttingthehotelsintotheseaealyallowedthehotelstobecoveredwithsmallsealifethatcanhelpprovidefoodfortheseahorses.Thisisthefifthtimethescientistshavesetfreeseahorsesintothearea,andthistimewasarecord.BrettFenton,whoworksforSIMS,said,“Wehavehighexpectationsthatwe'llseethenumberoftheanimalsgrow.”()1.Whatcanweknowaboutseahorsesfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Theyaregoodatswimming.B.Theirtailsareuselessinthewater.C.Humansarenotallowedtokeepseahorsesaspets.D.Humanactivitiescausethenumberofseahorsestodrop.()2.Howdoesthewritershowbabyseahorsesareverysmallwhentheyareborn?Bygivingapicture.B.Byaskingaquestion.C.Byexplainingthereason.D.Bymakingaparison.()3.Howlongdidthebabyseahorsesliveattheaquarium?A.Forthreemonths.B.Forfourmonths.C.Forfivemonths.D.Forsixmonths.()4.Whydidthescientistscreatethe“hotels”fortheyoungseahorses?A.Toseeiftheycouldlivebythemselves.B.Topreventthemfromswimmingaway.C.Tohelpthemlivesafelyunderwater.D.Toallowthemtodependoneachother.()5.Wheredoesthepassagemostprobablyefrom?A.Atravelguide.B.Anaturemagazine.C.Anovel.D.Astorybook.（八）YeTingting,astudentfromZhejiangUniversity,hasjusthadatrulyunforgettableSummervacation.EarlyinAugust2023,shetraveledallthewayfromHangzhouwithother14universitystudentstoavillageschoolinDali,Yunnan.Theywerevolunteersonatwoweeksummercampforthevillageschool'sstudents.Theyorganizedmanyactivitiesfortheyounglearners,includingsportsclassesandstorytellingpetitions.Actually,Yehadbeenlookingforwardtotakingpartinthesummercampforlong.GrowingupinasmalltowninWenzhou,Zhejiang,sheoncehadanexperienceatacharityevent.Attheevent,shereceivedmuchhelpandcarefromanice“eldersister”.Yesaid,“Theexperiencemadeabigdifferencetome.Acceptingsuchgoodwillbutnotpassingitonwouldmakemefeeldisappointedwithmyself.”BeforeYeandherfellow(同类的)volunteersarrivedatthevillageschool,theyreceivedmuchtrainingtoprepareforthecamp.“Inthepast,Iwastooshytospeakupinfrontofothers.Butthetraininghelpedmetofindmyconfidence,”saidYe.ThesummercampinDaliwaspartoftheproject,BoundlessGirls,whichtriestoencouragemoreteenagegirlstotakepartinsports.Itwasfirststartedin2019.Sincethen,around160,000studentsfrom700primaryschoolsacrossthecountryhavebenefited(得益)fromtheproject.()1.Aboutthesummercamp,wecanlearn____.①whenittookplace②whereittookplace③howlongitlasted④whatthevillageschool'sstudentsthoughtofitA.①②③B.①②④C.①③④D.②③④()2.WhichofthefollowingmightbeYe'sopinion?A.Itisbettertogivethantoreceive.B.Youdon'tneedareasontohelppeople.C.Youcan'thelpthepoorbybeingoneofthem.D.Itisimportanttopassthegoodwillyoureceivedon.()3.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4aboutYe?A.Sheusedtodislikesummercamps.B.Sheusedtobeafraidofspeakingup.C.Shethoughtthetrainingwasmeaningless.D.Shethoughtitwasokayforsomeonetobeshy.4.What’sthemainpurposeofBoundlessGirls?A.Togetmoreteenagegirlstodosports.B.Toencourageuniversitystudentstovolunteer.C.Togiveuniversitystudentsameaningfulvacation.D.Tohelpprimaryschoolstudentstoopentheireyes.()5.Ifthepassagegoeson,thewriterwillmostprobablygiveanexampleof____.A.whoisreadytogotouniversityB.whoknowsabouttheprojectC.howtheprojectprovideshelpD.howtheprojectraisesmoney（九）Nowadaysalargenumberofclothesarethrownawayeveryyear.Somemaybealittleold,butalotofthemareasgoodasnewones.Francehaseupwithanewplantoencouragepeopletomaketheirclotheslastlonger.Thegovernmentwillpaya“repairbonus(奖金)”topeoplewhogettheirclothesrepairedatspecialrepairshops.Thebonusallowspeopletogetbackupto$27oftheirrepaircosts.Thegovernmentsaidtheplanaims(旨在)toencouragethosewhocarryoutrepairsandprotecttheenvironment.TheplanwillberunbyRefashion,anorganizationworkinghardtobuildagreenerworld.About700,000tonsofclothingisthrownawayinFranceeveryyear.Aroundtwothirdsofthisendsupinlandfills.What'smore,thefashionindustry(时尚行业)allovertheworldleadstobetween810percentofworld'scarbonemissions(碳排放)everyyear.Theingoffastfashionhasmadeitworse.Fastfashionmeansbuyingcheapclothestowearjustafewtimes.Itusesalotofmaterials(材料)whicharebadfortheenvironment.Refashionalsoaimstoencouragepeopletobuylessclothes,andtogiveawaytheirunwantedclothestothosewhoneedthem.★Besides,athirdofunwantedclothescanbemadeintosomethingnew.()1.Whatdoweknowfromthefirstparagraph?A.Franceplanstomakelongerclothes.B.Onlybrokenclothesarethrownaway.C.Theneedforclothesisgrowinglarger.D.Manyclothesshouldnotbethrownaway.()2.What'sthepurposeofFrenchgovernment'snewplan?A.Tohelpthecountrysavemoney.B.Toencouragepeopletogiveawayclothes.C.Tohelpcutenvironmentalpollution.D.Toencouragepeopletorepairalltheirclothes.()3.HowmuchclothingistakentolandfillsinFranceyearly?A.About100,000tons.B.About300,000tons.C.About500,000tons.D.About700,000tons.()4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?A.Rubbish.B.Fastfashion.C.Carbonemission.D.Repairbonus.()5.Whichsentencecanbeputinthe“★”？A.Somepeopleareworriedaboutnature.B.However,nobodyknowswho