山东省潍坊市高一下学期期末英语测试

高一英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanstudy?A.Byrecordinglectures.B.Byhavingextraclasses.CByorganizingnotesafterclass.2.Whatdoesthemandotohelpthewoman?A.Lookforherglasses.B.Fillintheformforher.C.Readouttheformforher.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Performinginaplay.B.MakingFridayplans.C.Buyingticketsforashow.4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Ashop.B.Acinema.C.Arestaurant.5.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.WakeupMr.Jones.B.Informotherneighbors.C.Callthefirestation.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatexercisedoesthemanoftendoathome?A.Bodyweightexercises.B.Yoga.C.Jogging.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Giveupusingtheapp.B.Trysomefreecoursesontheapp.C.BuyaVIPmembershipoftheapp.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.WhydidTinafailtocontactMikethroughavideocallyesterday?A.Hisphonewasbroken.B.Hisphonewaspoweredoff.C.Hisphonecouldn’treceiveavideocall.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’snewphone?A.Cheap.B.Outdated.C.Fancy.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Doctorandpatient.B.Strangers.C.Coworkers.11.Howmuchdotheweightlosspillscost?A.$100.B.$110.C.$150.12.Whatdoesthewomanneedtodoaccordingtoherself?C.Tryanewdiet.B.Putonsomeweight.A.Buildmuscle.13.Howdoesthewomansound?C.Grateful.B.Interested.A.Annoyed.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutattendingoverseascamps?A.Expensive.B.Helpful.C.Challenging.15.Wheredoesthewomanprobablyefrom?A.Canada.B.England.C.China.16.Whatcampwillthewomanchooseforherkids?A.Asportscamp.B.Anartcamp.C.Awildernesscamp.17.Whowillthekidslivewithincamps?A.Theirparents.B.Thecampworkers.C.Thenatives.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Aspecialstatue.B.Anewkindoffish.C.Abeautifulriver.19.WhydidtheMalayPrincenametheisland“LionCity”?A.Hethoughthesawalionthen.B.Helearneditfromalegend.C.Helikedlionsverymuch.20.Whatisthespeakerprobably?A.Anagent.B.Areporter.C.Atourguide.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ASummerisapproachingandwithit,festivalseason.TheseareEurope’sbestclassicalmusicfestivals,nottobemissed!BergenInternationalFestival,NorwayBergenFestivalwasestablishedtopromoteNordicartistsandhasbeethelargestfestivalofmusicandartsinScandinavia.Aswellasattractingworldclassperformers,itisspecialfortakingplaceinuniquehistoricalspotsintheheartofBergenanditscoastalsurrounds,includingNorwegianposerEdvardGrieg’sownhome,andthe13thcenturyKingHakon’sHall.June24July7,fib.noGranadaInternationalFestival,SpainIn2023,performancesbyIcelandicpianistsVíkingurOlafsson,PhilippeHerrewegheinmusicbyMozartandBeethovenareamongtheclassicalmusichighlights(亮点).Asinpreviousyears,thefestivalwillteamupwithUniversityofGranadatoinviteenormousstudentstotakepartintheManueldeFallaCourses.June21July19,granadafestival.orgVerbierFestival,SwitzerlandVerbierFestivalshowsfinemusicattheheartofthebeautifulSwissAlpseachsummerin2023.AswellasexperiencingthesefantasticperformersinsomeofthemostimpressivealpinesceneryEuropehastooffer,therealmagicofVerbieristhatitconnectsgreatmusiciansattheheightoftheircareerswithdeterminedyoungartists,throughtheVerbierFestivalAcademy.May14June30,verbierfestival.EdinburghInternationalFestival,ScotlandThere’sawonderfulatmosphereonthehistoricstreetsofEdinburghinAugust.In2023,thefestivalwelesviolinistNicolaBenedettiinherfirstyearasfestivaldirector.WewillalsoseeScottishChamberOrchestraandtheLondonSymphonyOrchestrafromclosertohome.223outstandingstudentsfromallovertheworldwilltakepartinit.August4August27,eif.Co.uk1.WhichofthefollowinghighlightstheBergenInternationalFestival?A.Thelocations. B.Theperformers.C.Theposers. D.Thecoastline.2.WhatdothefestivalsinSpainandScotlandhaveinmon?A.MusicbyMozart. B.Studentparticipation.C.Violinists’performances. D.Cooperationwithuniversities.3.Whichofthefollowingstartsearliest?A.VerbierFestival. B.BergenInternationalFestival.C.GranadaInternationalFestival. D.EdinburghInternationalFestival.【答案】1.A2.B3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了不容错过的几个欧洲最好的古典艺术节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BergenInternationalFestival,Norway部分中的“Aswellasattractingworldclassperformers,itisspecialfortakingplaceinuniquehistoricalspotsintheheartofBergenanditscoastalsurrounds,includingNorwegianposerEdvardGrieg’sownhome,andthe13thcenturyKingHakon’sHall.(除了吸引世界级的表演者，它的特别之处在于在卑尔根中心及其沿海地区独特的历史景点举行，包括挪威作曲家爱德华·格里格自己的家，以及13世纪的哈康国王大厅。)”可知，BergenInternationalFestival的独特之处在于其举办地点。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据GranadaInternationalFestival,Spain部分中的“Asinpreviousyears,thefestivalwillteamupwithUniversityofGranadatoinviteenormousstudentstotakepartintheManueldeFallaCourses.(与往年一样，音乐节将与格拉纳达大学合作，邀请众多学生参加曼努埃尔·德·法拉课程。)”以及EdinburghInternationalFestival,Scotland部分中的“223outstandingstudentsfromallovertheworldwilltakepartinit.(来自世界各地的223名优秀学生将参加。)”可知，西班牙艺术节和苏格兰艺术节的共同之处是这两个艺术节都有学生的参与。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据BergenInternationalFestival,Norway部分中的“June24July7(6月24日至7月7日)”；GranadaInternationalFestival,Spain部分中的“June21July19(6月21日至7月19日)”；VerbierFestival,Switzerland部分中的“May14June30(5月14日至6月30日)”以及EdinburghInternationalFestival,Scotland部分中的“August4August27(8月4日至8月27日)”可知，最早开始的是VerbierFestival。故选A。BSakamotoRyuichi,whodiedonMarch28afteralongbattlewithcancer,oncedescribedhismusicalmethodthus:“Iopenmyearstotheworld.”ButwhatMr.Srakamotoheard,fewotherscould.AsamemberoftheJapanesetechnopopbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asaposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.Hispassingbroughtaboutmourningfromthewholemusicworld.Mr.SakamotowasborninTokyoin1952andtooktomusicearly.HegraduatedfromoneofTokyo’stopcollegesofmusic,wherehestudiedWesternclassicalmusic,andexploredaninterestinthetraditionalmusicofJapan’sOkinawaaswellasinthatofIndiaandAfrica.Earlyinhiscareer,Mr.Sakamototrainedhisearsonthesoundoftechnology.YellowMagicOrchestra,agroupheformedin1978,usedsynthesisers(合成器)ininstrumentalsongsintendedfordancinganovelbinationatthetime.“ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.Thatwasexactlywhathappened:Mr.Sakamoto’smusichelpedinspirewhatwouldlaterbeetechnoandhiphop.Thenheturnedtowardsthesoundofnature.Helistenedtothewindblowing,thewaterdropping,therocksmovingandtheleavesfalling,whichheintroducedintohismusic.UnusuallyforaJapanesemusician,Mr.Sakamotousedhisfametospeakoutonsocialandpoliticalissues,includingenvironmentalpreservationandnuclear(原子核的)power.In2011,anearthquakeandtsunamirockednortheastJapanandsetoffanuclearmeltdowninFukushima.Inthewakeofthedisaster,Mr.Sakamototravelledoftentotheregiontosupportlocalresidents.In2014,thecancershookMr.Sakamoto’slife.Buteventhatcouldnotweakenhislongingtohearmore.Inthenextfewyears,heposedthescorefor“TheRevenant”,andproducedafilmaboutsoundcalled“Coda”.4.What’sparagraph1mainlyabout?A.ThestyleofSakamotoRyuichi’smusic.B.SakamotoRyuichi’smentsonmusic.C.SakamotoRyuichi’scontributionstomusic.D.TheinfluenceofSakamotoRyuichi’smusic.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutSakamotoRyuichifromparagraph2?A.Helikednaturescenery.B.Hegotinspiredfromnoises.C.Hecreatedtechnoandhiphop.D.Hebecameinterestedinmusicatcollege.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeSakamotoRyuichi?A.Intelligentandfrank. B.Talentedandcaring.C.Generousandenthusiastic. D.Determinedandhumorous.7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Amusician:makingsoundsintomusicB.Soundsofnature:sourcesofmusicpositionC.YellowMagicOrchestra:memoriesofgenerationsD.SakamotoRyuichi:speakingoutforthemonpeople【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本著名音乐人士——坂本龙一，介绍了其生平贡献和音乐特色等。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“AsamemberoftheJapanesetechnopopbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asaposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.Hispassingbroughtaboutmourningfromthewholemusicworld.(作为日本科技流行乐队YellowMagicOrchestra的一员，他帮助开创了现代电子音乐。作为一名作曲家，他为BernardoBertolucci等导演的作品赋予了生命。他的去世引起了整个音乐界的哀悼。)”可知，第一段主要讲述的是坂本龙一对音乐的贡献。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段““ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.(“错误或噪音吸引了我，我想知道这种不完美是否会产生新的音乐潮流，”坂本说。)”以及下文内容可知，坂本龙一从噪音中获得灵感从而创造了新的音乐形式。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AsamemberoftheJapanesetechnopopbandYellowMagicOrchestra,hehelpedpioneermodernelectronicmusic.Asaposer,hebroughttheworkofdirectorssuchasBernardoBertoluccitolife.(作为日本科技流行乐队YellowMagicOrchestra的一员，他帮助开创了现代电子音乐。作为一名作曲家，他为BernardoBertolucci等导演的作品赋予了生命。)”可知，坂本龙一非常有才华；根据文章倒数第二段“UnusuallyforaJapanesemusician,Mr.Sakamotousedhisfametospeakoutonsocialandpoliticalissues,includingenvironmentalpreservationandnuclear(原子核的)power.In2011,anearthquakeandtsunamirockednortheastJapanandsetoffanuclearmeltdowninFukushima.Inthewakeofthedisaster,Mr.Sakamototravelledoftentotheregiontosupportlocalresidents.(作为一名日本音乐家，坂本利用自己的名气就环境保护和核能等社会和政治问题发表了自己的看法，这与以往不同。2011年，一场地震和海啸袭击了日本东北部，引发了福岛核泄漏。灾难发生后，坂本经常前往该地区支持当地居民。)”可知，他是一个关心他人的人。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“YellowMagicOrchestra,agroupheformedin1978,usedsynthesisers(合成器)ininstrumentalsongsintendedfordancinganovelbinationatthetime.“ErrorsornoisesabsorbmeandIwonderifnewmusicalcurrentscouldefromthisimperfection,”Mr.Sakamotosaid.Thatwasexactlywhathappened:Mr.Sakamoto’smusichelpedinspirewhatwouldlaterbeetechnoandhiphop.Thenheturnedtowardsthesoundofnature.Helistenedtothewindblowing,thewaterdropping,therocksmovingandtheleavesfalling,whichheintroducedintohismusic.(1978年，他组建了一支名为“黄色魔术乐团”的乐队，他们使用合成器来制作舞蹈用的器乐歌曲——这在当时是一种新颖的组合。“错误或噪音吸引了我，我想知道这种不完美是否会产生新的音乐潮流，”坂本说。事实正是如此：坂本龙一的音乐启发了后来的电子乐和嘻哈乐。然后他转向大自然的声音。他听着风吹、水滴、石头移动和树叶飘落的声音，他把这些声音融入到他的音乐中。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了日本著名音乐人士——坂本龙一，他擅长把各种声音融入自己的音乐之中。故选A。COneofthechallengesintreatingburnpatientsistherepetitionofdressingchanges,whichcanbeextremelypainful.Tobringrelieftothisproblem,UniversityofWaterlooresearchershavecreatedasmartwounddressingmaterialthatusesadvancedpolymers(聚合物)forpersonalizedtreatment.Thisnewdressing,tailoredthrough3Dprinting,couldimprovetherecoveryprocessforburnedpatients.“Thematerialhasgoodsurfaceadhesion,whichisakeyfeature.Itcaneasilybeeattachedtotheskinandbetakenoff,”saidDr.BoxinZhao,aprofessorinWaterloo’sDepartmentofChemicalEngineering,whoseteamhasmadesignificantadvancesindevelopingintelligenthydrogel(水凝胶)materialsforuseasareusablewounddressing.Indevelopingthedressing,theresearchersconducteda3Dscanofthepatient’sfaceandbodypartstopersonalizeittoanindividual’sneeds.Thisenablesthedressingtomakegoodcontactwithsurfaceslikenosesandfingers,makingitperfectforcreatingpersonalizedwounddressingsforburnpatients.Thedressing’sheatresponsivenessallowsittowarmontheskinandgentlylowertoroomtemperature.Additionally,whencooledinthefridge,thedressingbeelargerbutbeesmallerinsizeatbodytemperature,makingiteasierandlesspainfultoremove.Also,thedressingisdesignedtoletgoofthedrugalittleatatime,allowingforlongerlastingpainrelief.Astudyhighlightingtheteam’sprogresswasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofColloidsandInterfaceScience.ThenextstepforZhao’sresearchgroupistocontinueimprovingthematerial’spropertiestomakeithealthierandmerciallyworkable.Thematerialalsohaspotentialapplicationsforcancertreatment.Traditionally,apatientmayneedtobeinaclinicforhours.Thisdressingcanprovideassistanceoutsidetheclinicsetting,reducingsomeofthechallengesconnectedwithtraditionalmethods.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adhesion”probablymeaninparagraph2?A.Theabilitytoberecycled.B.Thefeatureofbeingadaptable.C.Thefeatureofbeingintelligent.D.Theabilitytosticktoasubstance.9.Whatisthepurposeof3Dscans?A.Totreatthewound. B.Tofigureouttheburn.C.Totailorthedressing’sshape. D.Todevelopthedressing.10.Whatdoesparagraph4focusonconcerningthesmartdressing?A.Itspotential. B.Itseffectiveness.C.Itsproperties. D.Itsvariety.11.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Thematerialisnothealthfriendly.B.Thematerialwillbeputintomarket.C.Thematerialhasbeenappliedtotreatcancer.D.Thematerialisintroducedtothepubliconline.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种智能伤口敷料材料，该材料使用先进的聚合物进行个性化治疗。这种通过3D打印定制的新型敷料可以改善烧伤患者的恢复过程。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“whichisakeyfeature.Itcaneasilybeeattachedtotheskinandbetakenoff(这是一个关键特点。它可以很容易地附着在皮肤上并被取下)”可知，这种材料具有良好的表面附着力，划线单词和选项D“Theabilitytosticktoasubstance(粘在物质上的能力)”和划线单词意思相近。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Indevelopingthedressing,theresearchersconducteda3Dscanofthepatient’sfaceandbodypartstopersonalizeittoanindividual’sneeds.Thisenablesthedressingtomakegoodcontactwithsurfaceslikenosesandfingers,makingitperfectforcreatingpersonalizedwounddressingsforburnpatients.(在开发这种敷料的过程中，研究人员对患者的面部和身体部位进行了3D扫描，以根据个人需求进行个性化设计。这使得敷料能够很好地与鼻子和手指等表面接触，使其成为为烧伤患者制作个性化伤口敷料的完美选择。)”可知，研究人员对患者的面部和身体部位进行了3D扫描是为了根据个人需求进行个性化设计，使得敷料能够很好地与鼻子和手指等表面接触，使其成为为烧伤患者制作个性化伤口敷料的完美选择。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thedressing’sheatresponsivenessallowsittowarmontheskinandgentlylowertoroomtemperature.Additionally,whencooledinthefridge,thedressingbeelargerbutbeesmallerinsizeatbodytemperature,makingiteasierandlesspainfultoremove.Also,thedressingisdesignedtoletgoofthedrugalittleatatime,allowingforlongerlastingpainrelief.(这种敷料的热响应性使其可以在皮肤上加热，并轻轻地降低到室温。此外，在冰箱里冷却后，敷料会变大，但在体温下会变小，这样更容易取出，也不那么痛苦。此外，敷料的设计是让药物一次释放一点，从而使疼痛得到更持久的缓解。)”可知，第四段主要介绍了该敷料的属性。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Astudyhighlightingtheteam’sprogresswasrecentlypublishedintheJournalofColloidsandInterfaceScience.ThenextstepforZhao’sresearchgroupistocontinueimprovingthematerial’spropertiestomakeithealthierandmerciallyworkable.(最近发表在《胶体与界面科学杂志》上的一项研究突出了该团队的进展。赵的研究小组的下一步是继续改进这种材料的性能，使其更健康，并具有商业可行性。)”以及“Traditionally,apatientmayneedtobeinaclinicforhours.Thisdressingcanprovideassistanceoutsidetheclinicsetting,reducingsomeofthechallengesconnectedwithtraditionalmethods.(传统上，病人可能需要在诊所待上几个小时。这种敷料可以在诊所之外提供帮助，减少了与传统方法相关的一些挑战。)”可推测，研究人员的下一步是继续改进这种材料的性能，使其更健康，并具有商业可行性。而这可以在诊所之外提供帮助。由此可推测，该敷料即将推向市场。故选B。DSpacesettlementiswidelydebated.SomearguelivinginspaceisunrealisticandthatweshouldconcentrateonimprovinglifeonEarthinsteadofpotentiallyruininganotherplanet.TakinglivingonMarsasanexample,somescientiststhinkitisafantasy.Tomakeit,MarsneedstofirstbewarmedtoclosertoEarth’saveragetemperature,whichwilltakeabout100years.Thentheplanetmustbemadetoproduceoxygen,whichwilltake100,000yearsormore.A2018NASAstudyconcludedthat,basedonthelevelsofCO2foundonMars,theaboveplanisnotpractical.Ifasolutionwerefoundandconducted,aprojectofthatmagnitudewouldcostbillions,perhapstrillions(万亿).Besides,humanshavemadeamessofEarth.Ifhumansareabletochangeanuninhabitableplanetinspaceintoanappealinghomeforhumans,surelywehavethecapabilitytofixtheproblemswe’vecreatedonEarth.JohnTraphagan,ProfessorattheUniversityofTexas,argued,“Weneedtostopholdingthebeliefofhumanexceptionalismandstartseeinghumansaspartofacollectionofspecies.Aslongaswebringitwithustootherworlds,wewillrepeatthesamemistakes.”However,othersarguehumanshaveamoralobligationtosaveourspeciesfromextinction,andspacesettlementisonewayofdoingso.Accordingtosomephilosophies,humansaretheonlybeingscapableofmorality,and,thus,preservingourspeciesisthemostmorallypressing.Spacesettlementgiveshumankindtheopportunitytosignificantlyraisethechancesofsurvivalbyprovidingaccesstothesolarsystem’sresources,andincreasingknowledgeofspaceandEarth.Spacesettlementisthenextlogical(合理的)stepinhumangrowth.Humansarenotaspeciestostandstill.JeffBezos,whotraveledtospacein2021,stated,“Thesolarsystemcaneasilysupportatrillionhumans.Andifwehadatrillionhumans,wewouldhaveathousandEinsteinsandathousandMozartsandunlimited,forallpracticalpurposes.”12.Whatinformationdoesparagraph2deliver?A.SolutionstolivingonMarshavebeenfound.B.The2018NASAstudyagreedtoliveonMars.C.SomescientistsregardlivingonMarsunrealistic.DThetemperatureonMarsissuitableforhabitation.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph3referto?A.Themess. B.Thecapability.C.Thebelief. D.Acollectionofspecies.14.AccordingtoJeffBezos,whatbenefitwillspacesettlementbring?A.Morehumangeniuses. B.Richknowledge.C.Morediversespecies. D.Unlimitedwealth.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetospacesettlement?A.Doubtful. B.Objective. C.Worried. D.Positive.【答案】12.C13.C14.A15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了关于太空定居的相关内容，包括其优缺点等等。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TakinglivingonMarsasanexample,somescientiststhinkitisafantasy.Tomakeit,MarsneedstofirstbewarmedtoclosertoEarth’saveragetemperature,whichwilltakeabout100years.Thentheplanetmustbemadetoproduceoxygen,whichwilltake100,000yearsormore.(以在火星上生活为例，一些科学家认为这是幻想。要做到这一点，火星首先需要加热到接近地球平均温度，这需要大约100年的时间。然后，火星必须产生氧气，这将需要10万年或更长时间。)”可知，有些科学家认为在火星上生活是不现实的。故选C。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Weneedtostopholdingthebeliefofhumanexceptionalismandstartseeinghumansaspartofacollectionofspecies.(我们需要停止持有人类例外论的信念，并开始将人类视为物种集合的一部分。)”可知，JohnTraphagan教授认为人类应该放弃认为人类例外论这一观点。否则即便去太空定居，我们人类也会犯同样的错误。所以代词it代指这一“信念”。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“JeffBezos,whotraveledtospacein2021,stated,“Thesolarsystemcaneasilysupportatrillionhumans.Andifwehadatrillionhumans,wewouldhaveathousandEinsteinsandathousandMozartsandunlimited,forallpracticalpurposes.”(JeffBezos于2021年前往太空，他说：“太阳系可以轻松养活1万亿人。如果我们有一万亿人，我们就会有一千个爱因斯坦和一千个莫扎特，而且是无限的。”)”可知，JeffBezos认为太空定居会使我们拥有更多的天才。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“A2018NASAstudyconcludedthat,basedonthelevelsofCO2foundonMars,theaboveplanisnotpractical.Ifasolutionwerefoundandconducted,aprojectofthatmagnitudewouldcostbillions,perhapstrillions(万亿).(美国宇航局2018年的一项研究得出结论，根据火星上发现的二氧化碳水平，上述计划是不切实际的。如果找到解决方案并付诸实施，那么如此大规模的项目将耗资数十亿美元，甚至数万亿美元。)”可知，第二段介绍了太空定居面临的困难；而文章第三段“Besides,humanshavemadeamessofEarth.Ifhumansareabletochangeanuninhabitableplanetinspaceintoanappealinghomeforhumans,surelywehavethecapabilitytofixtheproblemswe’vecreatedonEarth.(此外，人类把地球搞得一团糟。如果人类能够把太空中一个不适合居住的星球变成一个有吸引力的人类家园，我们当然有能力解决我们在地球上制造的问题。)”则认为人类有能力解决我们在地球上制造的问题；根据文章第四段“However,othersarguehumanshaveamoralobligationtosaveourspeciesfromextinction,andspacesettlementisonewayofdoingso.(然而，其他人认为人类有道德义务拯救我们的物种免于灭绝，而太空定居是这样做的一种方式。)”则介绍了其他人的观点，这些人认为太空定居是可行的。由此可推断，在这篇文章中，作者客观地介绍了太空定居的优缺点。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThebiggestriskI’veevertakenwasquittingmyjobandbikingaloneacrosswesternChina.____16____SoitwasahugephysicalchallengebutIgotstrongereveryday,andeventually,Icouldeasilybikeforeighthourseachday.Oneofthebestpartsofthewholeexperiencewasthepeople.ImetpeoplefromacrossChinaandoncegottoattendaTibetanweddingsomethingIneverthoughtIwoulddo.____17____OnetimeIevenmetagroupofChinesementravelingbymotorcycle,whoinvitedmetocookfishthattheycaughtinthelakeoverafirewithwood.AnotherinstancewaswhenImetagroupofcyclists.Theywereintheir60sand70sandstillcyclingbetterthanIwas.____18____Thepeopleweresomeofthebestpartsofthetrip,butmostlyeachday,Iwasalonewithnature.Throughouttherollinghillsandtheflowingstreams,westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.____19____Withthickforests,icyglaciers,andpeacefullakes,thereissomuchtoseeinChina.____20____IgottotastelocalsnacksineveryplaceIwent.Therearesomanydifferentoptions!MyfavoritewasthecookingofSichuan,aprovinceknownforitshotflavorsandinterestingdishes.NomatterhowmuchIate,InevergotsickofhavingdifferentChinesefoods.ItwasindeedanexperienceIwillneverforget.Ifanyonehasaninterestintraveling,Iwouldhighlyremendgoingbybicycle!A.Itsimplytookmybreathaway.B.Myfamilywereshockedandtriedtotalkmeoutofit.C.Thefoodwasdefinitelyanotherhighlightofmyjourney.D.Ihadneverbikedformorethantwohoursinonedaybefore.E.Itreallyinspiredmetopushmyselfandgofarthereveryday.F.TravelingbybicyclewasactuallymuchcheaperthanIthought.G.Thewholeeventwasextraordinary,fullofdancing,laughterandfun.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.A20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者独自骑自行车穿越中国西部时的所见所闻。【16题详解】根据空前“ThebiggestriskI’veevertakenwasquittingmyjobandbikingaloneacrosswesternChina.(我冒过的最大的风险就是辞掉工作，独自骑自行车穿越中国西部。)”可知，对于作者而言，辞掉工作独自骑自行车是作者冒过的最大的风险。选项B“Myfamilywereshockedandtriedtotalkmeoutofit.(我的家人都很震惊，并试图说服我不要这么做。)”与上文内容一致，是上文内容的延续，因为风险较大，那么作者的家人自然不希望作者这样做。故选B。【17题详解】根据空前“ImetpeoplefromacrossChinaandoncegottoattendaTibetanweddingsomethingIneverthoughtIwoulddo.(我遇到了来自中国各地的人，有一次我有幸参加了一场藏族婚礼——这是我从未想过的。)”可知，作者有幸参加了一场藏族婚礼。选项G“Thewholeeventwasextraordinary,fullofdancing,laughterandfun.(整个活动非常精彩，充满了舞蹈、笑声和欢乐。)”延续了上文的内容，具体讲述了这场藏族婚礼的精彩之处。故选G。【18题详解】根据空前“AnotherinstancewaswhenImetagroupofcyclists.Theywereintheir60sand70sandstillcyclingbetterthanIwas.(另一个例子是我遇到一群骑自行车的人。他们已经六七十岁了，但仍然比我骑得好)”可知，作者遇到了一群骑自行车的人，他们虽然已经六七十岁了，但是仍然骑得比作者好。选项E“Itreallyinspiredmetopushmyselfandgofarthereveryday.(它真的激励我每天鞭策自己，走得更远。)”中的“it”代指上文作者遇到的那群骑自行车的人，而他们虽然已经六七十岁了，但是仍然骑得比作者好这件事激励了作者继续前行。故选E。【19题详解】根据空前“Throughouttherollinghillsandtheflowingstreams,westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.(在连绵起伏的山峦和奔流的溪流中，中国西部拥有世界上最令人惊叹的风景。)”以及空后“Withthickforests,icyglaciers,andpeacefullakes,thereissomuchtoseeinChina.(茂密的森林，冰冷的冰川，宁静的湖泊，中国有很多值得一看的地方。)”可知，作者在本段中主要描述了祖国西部地区的美丽风景。选项A“Itsimplytookmybreathaway.(简直让我无法呼吸。)”中的“it”代指上文“westernChinaishometosomeofthemostamazingsceneryintheworld.”；并延续上文内容，表达了作者对中国西部地区风景的赞叹。故选A。【20题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“IgottotastelocalsnacksineveryplaceIwent.Therearesomanydifferentoptions!MyfavoritewasthecookingofSichuan,aprovinceknownforitshotflavorsandinterestingdishes.NomatterhowmuchIate,InevergotsickofhavingdifferentChinesefoods.(每到一个地方我都能品尝到当地的小吃。有这么多不同的选择！我最喜欢的是四川菜，一个以辣味和有趣的菜肴而闻名的省份。不管我吃了多少，我都不会厌倦不同的中国菜。)”可知，本段主要介绍了骑行中享受到的美食。选项C“Thefoodwasdefinitelyanotherhighlightofmyjourney.(食物绝对是我旅途中的另一个亮点。)”与下文内容一致，讲述的都是作者在旅途中享受到美食。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onedarkmorningwhiledrivingtowork,mydad,ClaytonKavalinas,diedinacrashtoavoidadeerintheroad.Hewasonly35.____21____couldhavehelpedpreventtheaccident,buttherewerenonethere.Myheartwasbrokenbythelossofmyfather,especiallywhenIrealizedthathisdeathcouldhavebeen____22____.Inatwoyearperiod,twentynine____23____happenedonthatareaofthehighway.Timeandagain,Ithought,“howcouldIfindawaytomakemydad’sshortlifereally____24____?”Anidea____25____tomethatIwouldtrytogetsomelightsputupinthatareatohelpotherdriversseebetter.First,Itriedtoincreasepublic____26____oncityhall.Withhelpfrommyclassmates,Ihandedoutflyers(传单)athomesandshoppingmalls,andobtainedoverthreehundred____27____neededtocatchtheattentionofthepoliticians____28____roadsafetyissues.Thelocalmediaalsoparticipated.Thereporters____29____itandthepeopleweretouchedand_____30_____thedanger.Thepublicpressurebeganto_____31_____andwithinfourmonths,thecitycouncil(市议会)agreedtospend$290,000fornewlights.Sometimes,goingthroughtheaccidentoverandoverwasahardthingtodo_____32_____.ButI’dbereallyhappyand_____33_____thatmydad’slifewastheonethatmadethe_____34_____inhelpingtosavemanyotherlives.I’llalwayshavethe_____35_____ofknowingthateverynight,alittlebitofDadisshiningdown.21.A.Batteries B.Streetlights C.Facilities D.Guidelines22.A.predicted B.investigated C.cancelled D.avoided23.A.events B.emergencies C.accidents D.adventures24.A.count B.last C.cease D.survive25.A.happened B.responded C.referred D.occurred26.A.pressure B.awareness C.requirement D.desire27.A.letters B.strategies C.files D.signatures28.A.incaseof B.inchargeof C.infavorof D.inneedof29.A.interviewed B.covered C.spread D.plained30.A.claimed B.escaped C.acknowledged D.mitted31.A.rise B.boil C.fall D.die32.A.potentially B.emotionally C.gradually D.physically33.A.anxious B.sorry C.proud D.grateful34.A.difference B.strength C.wisdom D.responsibility35.A.duty B.fort C.power D.intention【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.D26.A27.D28.B29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.A3