高一英语下册知识点每课一练检测试14

Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthestars（1）课时训练基础操练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.Thegovernmenttookimmediatemeasuresandthediseasewaspspreading.2.Oursolarshas8planets.3.Mynewteacherisaverygperson.4.Thisareahasahotc.5.Aseverybodyknows,smokingishtopeople’shealth.6.Hewasinvolvedinthe(暴力的)fightlastnightandwasarrestedbythepolice.7.Someadvertisementshaveno（吸引力）atall.8.Thiskindofplantonly（存在）inAfrica.9.Thebossnevershoutsathisstaffinthe(在场)ofothers.10.Thereisan（气氛）ofpeaceandcalminthecountry,quitedifferentfromthatofabigcity.Ⅱ.用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空lessen/dissolve/dependon/prevent...(from...)/lay1.Nothingonearthcanmelovingher.2.Salteasilyinwater.3.Theoldmanhistwosonsforfoodandclothing.4.Thecuckoo(杜鹃)itseggsinotherbirds’nest.5.Thepainalreadyaftertakingthemedicine.Ⅲ.翻译句子1.既然你已经知道这件事了，我不想再谈了。2.参观者必须下午四点离开公园。3.吸烟有害健康。4.他被迫放弃了自己的梦想。5.我们要相信形势会好转的。(dependon)提升练习Ⅳ.单项填空从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Itwasreportedthataplanecrashhappenedlastnightandmostofthepassengerswerebadlyandsome10died.A.damagedB.injuredC.destroyedD.harmed2.Theboilerfromexcessivepressureofsteam.A.explodedB.burstC.explodeD.erupt3.Heexistsbreadandwater.A.onB.inC.byD.with4.Thevillagerswereofteninclasheswitheachotherinthoseyearsbeforetheagreementwasreached.A.interestingB.peacefulC.violentD.spiritual5.Freezingwinterisharmfulorangetrees.A.forB.toC.ofD.at6.Shestartedasanofficejunior,andbecamethedirectorofthewholecompany.A.insurpriseB.inreturnC.inturnD.intime7.Wesuggestthattheyprovideaneffectivewarningsystemtomanyofthedisasters.A.keep;happeningB.prevent;fromhappeningC.stop;frombeinghappenedD.prevent;frombeinghappened8.Everythingwentwellaccordingtheplan.A.toB.withC.forD.as9.Shefeltaboutherfuture.A.puzzleB.puzzlingC.puzzledD.puzzles10.Theboylyingunderthetreeliedtohisfriendsthathiscockeggs.A.liedB.laidC.layD.lain答案基础操练Ⅰ.单词拼写1.prevented2.system3.gentle4.climate5.harmful6.violent7.pull8.exists9.presence10.atmosphereⅡ.用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空1.prevent;from2.dissolves3.depends/dependedon4.lays/laid5.was;lesseningⅢ.翻译句子1.Nowthatyouhavealreadyknownthematter,Idon’twanttotalkaboutitanymore.2.Visitorsaretoleavetheparkat4p.m.3.Smokingisharmfultohealth.4.Hewasforcedtogiveuphisdream.5.Weshoulddependonitthatthesituationwillbebetter.提升练习Ⅳ.单项填空1.解析：选B。考查同义词的辨析。injure强调在意外事故中“受伤”,而damage主要指对物的损害；destroy指毁坏。2.解析：选A。考查同义词的辨析。explode强调(火药、炸药或蒸气压力过高的锅炉)爆炸，炸裂，突然破裂。由句意“蒸气压力过高的锅炉突然破裂了”可知，用一般过去时最合适，因此答案选A。3.解析：选A。考查短语搭配。existon靠……活下去(靠……生存)；existin在……中存在(或生存)；existby在(某种思想、品质等)中找到生活的力量；existwith与……共存。由句意“他靠面包和水度日”可知，答案选A。4.解析：选C。句意为：村民们在协议达成之前彼此之间经常发生暴力冲突。由常识可知，冲突不应是“有趣的”，也不会是“平安的或和平的”。“精神冲突”亦不合适，只有“暴力的冲突”才符合句意，故选C。5.解析：选B。考查固定短语。句意为：寒冬对橘子树有害。beharmfulto...对……有害。6.解析：选D。考查短语辨析。insurprise吃惊地；inreturn作为回报；inturn轮流，依次；intime终于，一段时间后。由句意“她起初只是一名办公室职员，最终成了整个公司的董事”可知，应选D。7.解析：选B。考查动词短语的用法。prevent...fromdoing意为“阻止……做某事”，同义短语还有stop/keep...fromdoing,其中prevent/stop...fromdoing中的from可省略，而keep...fromdoing中的from不能省略，排除A项；happen为不及物动词，不用被动语态，故选B。8.解析：选A。句意为：一切按计划进展得很顺利。accordingto根据,按照，是固定短语。9.解析：选C。句意为：她对