世纪商务英语阅读第四版基础篇Unit8市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件

CENTURYBUSINESSENGLISH大连理工大学出版社阅读教程（基础篇2）（第四版）世纪商务英语

主编：王洗薇第1页Unit8

BusinessConference大连理工大学出版社第2页Whateveryourpositioninyourorganization,youwillundoubtedlyparticipateinandevenleadmeetingsinyourorganization.ThemostproductivemeetingsstatedinTextAstartontime,endontime,andaccomplishtheiragenda.Atameeting,youmayhavetodealwithdifferentcharactersanalyzedinTextBtoachievehighefficiency.Toconducteffectivemeetingsultimately,PracticalReadinggiveshintsonpresidingoverorparticipatinginameeting.Besides,youaregoingtolearnanewreadingtechniqueonhowtorecognizethewriter’sattitudewhichwillinfluencethewaysofideasorinformationbeingpresentedintexts.第3页ReadingSkillFocusWordsandExpressionsPracticalReadingComprehensiveReading第4页RecognizingtheWriter’sAttitudeWritersarenotnecessarilyneutralorobjectivewhentheywrite,particularlyiftheyaretryingtopersuadereaderstoagreewiththeiropinions.Itisveryimportanttowatchfortheattitudeofthewritertowardthesubjectdiscussedinwriting.Thisisbecausesuchattitudescaninfluencethewaysoftheideasorinformationbeingpresentedinthetext.Thewriter’sattitude—feelingsorbeliefsaboutthesubject—ispartofthetotalmeaning,eventhoughitisstatedinjustafewwordsornotstatedatall.Ifitisnotstated,thereadermust“readbetweenthelines”todigitout.ReadingSkillFocus第5页Thewritermayrevealhisapprovalordisapprovalofsomethingbycarefullyselectingandarrangingwordstocreatedesiredeffects.Attitudesarereflectedintone.Ifaperson’sattitudeisoneofbitterness,histonewillbebitterorsarcastic(讥讽,讽刺).Ifheunderstandsasituation,hisattitudewillreflectunderstanding,pity,orsympathy.第6页DifferentTypesofAttitude第7页Sample1IhadsupposedthatnoonewouldeverproduceabookonthissubjectwithwhichIwouldfindmyselfincompleteagreement;butProfessorSmithhasnowdonetheimpossible.在阅读过程中，注意识别作者对文中讨论问题所持态度，如赞同、反对、了解和同情等，对于正确了解文章至关主要。从本段字里行间，如“findmyselfincompleteagreement”和“donetheimpossible”可见作者所持态度是赞同。A．GuidedPractice第8页Sample2ThereislittleinProfessorSmith’slatestbookthatisnew,andthereismuchthatrecentscientificstudieshaveshowntobeuntrue.依据句中“Thereislittle...thatisnew”和“tobeuntrue”可得知，作者所持态度是不赞同。第9页TheentirestateofLouisianaiswithinadamp,subtropicalzone.Theaverageannualtemperatureofthestateis67degreesFahrenheit,andmonthlymeantemperaturesvaryfrom52degreesinJanuaryandDecemberto82degreesinJulyandAugust.Thelengthofthegrowingseasonisusuallybetween220and250daysinthenorthernhalfofthestate,andbetween250and275daysinthesouthernhalf.第10页Sample3Christmasissupposedtobeatimetoexpressourloveandgoodwill.Forothers,itissupposedtobeatimewhenweperformactsofkindnessforpeoplelessunfortunatethanourselves.But,dowethinkofotherpeoplewhenwesitdowntoourChristmasdinner?Ofcoursenot.We’retoobusyeatingthosedeliciousfoodsassociatedwithChristmas.Wearetoobusywonderingwhetherthepresentswegavewerebetterthantheoneswereceived.Weforgettothinkofthesickandthehomeless.ThewholeideaofChristmasnowiscompletelyunchristian.这段文字中，带有主观意义词语，如“issupposedtobe”，“but”，“ofcoursenot”，“toobusyeating”，“completelyunchristian”等，透出了作者对现在人们过圣诞节方式持反对态度。第11页B.ChallengeYourselfReadthefollowingparagraphsandseeifyoucanrecognizethewriter’sattitudetowardhistopic,andthenfinishtheexercisesthatfollow.Iwasonceshockedtoreadonthebottomofasensitivepieceofwritingaboutapersonalexperience:“Thisworkisterrible!Therearefartoomanyspellingerrorsandyourwritingisillegible.”Itmayhavebeenasharpcriticismofthepupil’stechnicalabilitiesinwriting,butitwasalsoasadreflectionontheteacherwhohadneglectedtoreadtheessay,whichcontainedsomebeautifulexpressionsofthechild’sdeepfeelings.第12页Theteacherwasnotwrongtodrawattentiontotheerrors,butifhisprioritieshadcenteredonthechild’sideas,anexpressionofhisdisappointmentwiththepresentationwouldhavegiventhepupilmoremotivationtoseekimprovement.Theauthor’sattitudetowardwhattheteacherdidis________.approvingB.positiveC.criticalD.indifferent答案C第13页Challenge2Figurescanbedeceiving.Forexample,TimesmagazinerecentlyreportedthattheaverageYalegraduateoftheclassof1944wasmaking$35,111ayear.Well,goodforthem!Butwhatexactlydoesthatfiguremean?IsitproofthatifyousendyourchildtoYaleyouwon’thavetoworkinyouroldageandneitherwillhe?Whatkindofsampleisitbasedon?YoucouldputoneTexasoilmanwithtwohundredhungrywritersandreporttheiraverageincomeas$35,111ayear.Thefigureisexact,butithasnomeaning.Inwayssimilartothis,thefactsandfigurespourfortheveryday.Theyareusedtopointoutthetruth,wheninfacttheyinflate,confuse,andover-simplifythetruth.Theresultis“numbernonsense”.第14页

Theauthor’scomment,“Well,goodforthem!”asaresponsetotheaverageyearlysalaryofaYalegraduateismeanttoshow________.humorB.disagreementC.praiseD.indifference答案B第15页

2.Inthisselectiontheauthorusestoneto________.bescientificallyobjectiveB.createsympathyforwritersC.condemnYalegraduatesD.rejectthetheoryofaverages答案D第16页

3.Thetoneinthispassagecanbestbedescribedas________.scientificB.sentimentalC.ConcernedD.impersonal答案C第17页NursingatBethIsraelHospitalproducesthebestpatientcarepossible.Ifwearetosolvethenursingshortage,hospitaladministrationanddoctorseverywherewoulddowelltofollowBethIsrael’sexample.AtBethIsraelhospitaleachpatientisassignedtoaprimarynursewhovisitsatlengthwiththepatientandconstructsafull-scalehealthaccountthatcoverseverythingfromhismedicalhistorytohisemotionalstate.Thenshewritesacareplancenteredonthepatient’sillnessbutwhichalsoincludeseverythingelsethatisnecessary.第18页

Theauthor’sattitudetowardsthenursingsystematBethIsraelHospitalis_______.NegativeB.neutralC.criticalD.positive答案D第19页GettingtheMostofMeetings1Oneaspectofbusinesslifewhichmanymanagersareunhappywithistheneedtoattendmeetings.Researchindicatesthatmanagerswillspendbetweenathirdorhalfoftheirworkinglivesinmeetings.译文让会议发挥最大作用1很多经理对商务活动不满一点就是开会。调查结果发觉经理三分之一或二分之一工作时间都花费在开会上。ComprehensiveReading第20页Althoughmostmanagerswouldagreethatitishardtothinkofanalternativetomeetings,asameansofconsideringinformationandmakingcollectivedecisions,theirlengthandfrequencycancauseproblemswiththeworkloadofeventhebest-organizedexecutives.译文尽管大多数经理都认为极难找到别方式来取代开会这一交流信息和做出集体决议方法，不过长时间频繁会议给最井井有条高级经理也造成工作负担。ComprehensiveReading第21页Meetingsworkbestiftheytakeplaceonlywhennecessaryandnotasamatterofroutine.Oneexampleofthisisthediscussionofpersonnelorcareermattersbetweenmembersofstaffandtheirlineandpersonnelmanagers.Anotherisduringtheearlystagesofaprojectwhentheteammanagingitneedstolearntounderstandandtrustoneanother.译文会议只有在必要时，而不是作为例行公事，才能起到最正确作用。员工与其一线经理和人事部经理之间讨论人事或职业问题会议就是个例子。再比如项目早期，负责项目管理团体组员之间需要相互了解和信任时候要召开会议。ComprehensiveReading第22页3Onceithasbeendecidedthatameetingisnecessary，decisionsneedtobetakenaboutwhowillattendandaboutthelocationandlengthofthemeeting.Peopleshouldonlybeinvitedtoattendiftheyaredirectlyinvolvedinthemattersunderdiscussionandtheagendashouldbedistributedwellinadvance.译文一旦决定有必要开会，就要决定与会者、会议地点和时长。只有与议题直接相关人才应被邀请，会议议程也应提前发放。ComprehensiveReading第23页Anagendaisvitalbecauseitactsasaroadmaptokeepdiscussionfocusedandwithinthetimelimitallocated.Thisisalsotheresponsibilityofthepersonchairingthemeeting,whoshouldencouragethosewhosaylittletospeakandstopthosewhohaveagreatdealtosayfromtalkingtoomuch.译文会议议程至关主要，因为它就像一张路线图，使讨论内容得到关注并在限定时间内完成议程。这也是会议主持人责任，他要勉励那些较缄默人多讲话，阻止那些滔滔不绝人讲得过多。ComprehensiveReading第24页Attheendofawell-organizedmeeting,peoplewillfeelthatthemeetinghasbeenasuccessandbepleasedtheywereinvited.Theywillknownotonlywhatdecisionsweremadebutalsothereasonsforthesedecisions.译文一场组织有序会议结束时，与会者应感到会议很成功，并因为自己被邀请而感到很高兴。他们不但要知道在会上做出了哪些决议，而且知道做出这些决议理由。ComprehensiveReading第25页Unfortunately,attheendofabadly-organizedmeetingthosepresentwillleave,feelingthattheyhavewastedtheirtimeandthatnothingworthwhilehasbeenachieved.译文令人遗憾是，一场组织得很差会议结束时，与会者离开时会以为开会浪费了时间，没得到任何有意义结果。ComprehensiveReading第26页Muchthoughthasbeengivenovertheyearstowaysofkeepingmeetingsshort.OnemanwhohasnointentionofspendinghalfhisworkinglifeinmeetingsisRolandWinterson,chiefexecutiveofalargemanufacturingcompany.Hebelievesthatmeetingsshouldbeshort,sharpandinfrequent.译文几年来人们一直在思索缩短开会时间方法。作为一家大型制造企业总经理罗兰德·温特森不想把二分之一工作时间花在开会上。他认为会议应该简短、明确、不要过于频繁。ComprehensiveReading第27页infrequent.“Itrytoholdnomorethantwoorthreemeetingsaweek,attendedbyamaximumofthreepeoplefornolongerthanhalfanhour.”hesays.“Theyareclearlyaimedatachievingaspecificobjective,suchasmakingadecisionorplanningastrategy,andarebasedoncarefulpreparation.译文他说：“我一周召开会议尽可能不超出两三次，与会者最多三个人，开会时间不超出半小时。会议有明确特定目标，比如做出决议或制订策略。会议都经过精心准备。ComprehensiveReading第28页Idrawuptheagendaforeverymeetingandcirculateitinadvance;thoseattendingareexpectedtostudyitcarefullyandshouldbepreparedtobothaskandanswerquestions.Managersarebestemployedcarryingouttasksdirectlyconnectedwiththeirjobsnotattendingendlessmeetings.译文每次会议我都会起草会议日程并提前下发，与会者要认真研究，并准备提出和回答下列问题。经理们最大职责是完成与他们工作相关任务，而不是参加无休止会议。ComprehensiveReading第29页Inbusiness,timeismoneyandspendingitinneedlessmeetingsthatdon’tachieveanythingcanbeverycostly.Executivesshouldfollowtheexampleoflawyersandputacostoneachhouroftheirtimeandthendecidewhetherattendingalongmeetingreallyisthebestwaytospendtheirtime.”译文商务活动中，时间就是金钱，把时间花在不会取得任何结果没有必要开会议上，其代价是巨大。管理者应像律师那样计算每一小时成本，然后决定参加一次冗长会议是否确实是利用时间最好方式。”ComprehensiveReading第30页

1.Onceithasbeendecidedthatameetingisnecessary,decisionsneedtobetakenaboutwhowillattendandaboutthelocationandlengthofthemeeting.Once引导时间状语从句，thatameetingisnecessary是真正主语，it是形式主语；主句中decisionsneedtobetaken是主干，aboutwhowillattendandaboutthelocationandlengthofthemeeting短语做定语，修饰decisions.LanguagePoints第31页

2.Peopleshouldonlybeinvitedtoattendiftheyaredirectlyinvolvedinthemattersunderdiscussionandtheagendashouldbedistributedwellinadvance.这是一个并列复合句式结构，第一分句中有一个条件状语从句，由if引导；第二分句是theagendashouldbedistributedwellinadvance.involvev.connectcloselyorengageasanparticipant包含，使陷入，牵涉e.g.Givingadviceattherighttimehastoinvolveagreatdealofintelligence.在适当时间提提议需要人睿智。e.g.Paintingtheroominvolvedmovingoutthepiano.粉刷房间就要把钢琴搬出去。e.g.Howshouldweinvolveourselvesinschoollife?我们应该怎样投入学校生活？LanguagePoints第32页

3.Thisisalsotheresponsibilityofthepersonchairingthemeeting,whoshouldencouragethosewhosaylittletospeakandstopthosewhohaveagreatdealtosayfromtalkingtoomuch.chairingthemeeting分词短语做定语修饰theperson,第一个who引导非限制性定语从句，一样修饰theperson,whosaylittle和whohaveagreatdealtosay都是定语从句修饰各自前面those。。LanguagePoints第33页

4．“Itrytoholdnomorethantwoorthreemeetingsaweek,attendedbyamaximumofthreepeoplefornolongerthanhalfanhour,”hesays.maximumthelargestpossiblequantityn.极点，最大量a.最高，最大极限e.g.Thishallholdsamaximumofseventypeople.这厅最多容纳七十人。e.g.Thedemonstrationwascarefullyorchestratedtoattractmaximumpublicity.该示威经过精心策画以尽可能吸引公众注意。e.g.Thedressiscarefullystyledformaximumcomfort.这服装精心设计，力争到达最大程度舒适。e.g.Themaximumamountofcreditextendedtoacustomer.最大透支额允许客人赊账最大量。LanguagePoints第34页

5．Idrawuptheagendaforeverymeetingandcirculateitinadvanceagendan.alistofmatterstobetakenup(asatameeting)议事日程e.g.Thisagendawillformthebasisofournextmeeting.本议程将成为下次会议中心议题。e.g.Let'sgoontothenextitemontheagenda.我们讨论议程表上下一项吧。e.g.Let'sthrashthematteroverbeforeputtingitontheagenda.我们先把这件事仔细研究一下，再把它列入议事日程。LanguagePoints第35页

6.Executivesshouldfollowtheexampleoflawyersandputacostoneachhouroftheirtimeandthendecidewhetherattendingalongmeetingreallyisthebestwaytospendtheirtime.Whetherattendingalongmeetingreallyisthebestwaytospendtheirtime做decide宾语从句。examplen.榜样，模范followone’sexample学某人样子，类似短语followone’ssuitputv.把…加在…身上e.g.Neverputyourtrusttoastranger.绝不要相信陌生人。LanguagePoints第36页

ChoosethebestanswerforeachofthefollowingstatementsaccordingtoTextA.Task1Whatdomostmanagersthinkaboutmeetings?A.Meetingstakeupmostoftheirworkinglives.B.Meetingsallowthemtomonitordecision-making.C.Meetingspreventthemfromestablishingaroutine.D.Meetingsaretheonlywaytheyknowofachievingcertainobjectives.答案D第37页

2.Accordingtothewriter,anexampleofavaluablemeetingisonewhich_______.A.allowscolleaguestoachieveabetterworkingrelationshipB.requiresmanagerstodiscussstaffingneedswithpersonnelC.selectsasuitablegroupofpeopletoworktogetherasateamD.encouragesstafftopresentideasonimprovementsinmanagement答案A第38页

3.Accordingtothewriter,theagendaisimportantbecauseit_______.A.isseenbyeverybodybeforethemeetingB.helpstogivedirectiontothediscussionsC.containsitemsofinteresttoallthosepresentD.showswhoshouldspeakateachstageofthemeeting答案B第39页

4.Thewritersaysthatpeopleleavingawellorganizedmeetingwillunderstand_______.A.thereasonfortheirinvitationtothemeetingB.howthedecisionstakenwererelevanttothemC.theimportanceofproposalsunderdiscussionD.whycertaincoursesofactionwereagreedupon答案D第40页

5.WhatisRolandWinterson’sopinionaboutmeetings?A.Theycanbeabaduseofamanager’stime.B.Theirimportanceisoftenunderestimated.C.Theyfrequentlyresultinwrongdecisions.D.Theireffectivenesscouldbeimprovedwithbetterplanning.答案D第41页Matchthewordsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright.第42页Task21.F2.D3.B4.A5.G6.C.7.H8.E第43页

Task3TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Althoughmostmanagerswouldagreethatitishardtothinkofanalternativetomeetings,asameansofconsideringinformationandmakingcollectivedecisions,theirlengthandfrequencycancauseproblemswiththeworkloadofeventhebest-organizedexecutives.答案尽管大多数经理都认为极难找到别方式来取代开会这一交流信息和做出集体决议方法，不过长时间频繁会议给最井井有条高级经理也造成工作负担。第44页

2.Onceithasbeendecidedthatameetingisnecessary,decisionsneedtobetakenaboutwhowillattendandaboutthelocationandlengthofthemeeting.答案一旦决定开会是必要，就要决定与会者、会议地点和时长。第45页

3.Executivesshouldfollowtheexampleoflawyersandputacostoneachhouroftheirtimeandthendecidewhetherattendingalongmeetingreallyisthebestwaytospendtheirtime.答案管理者应像律师那样计算每一小时成本，然后决定参加一次冗长会议是否确实是利用时间最好方式。”第46页Task4WordFormationLearning—Root(13)ThefollowingrootscanbefoundinTextA.RootsMeaningExamplesalteralternaliothertochange其它，改变状态alterablea.可改变alternationn.交互，交织aliena.外国，外来alienatev.疏远volvolvtorolltoturn卷，转volumen.卷，册evolvev.发展，进化revolvev.旋转，循环第47页RootsMeaningExampleslocplace地方localismn.地方主义collocatev.并列，排列relocatev.重新定位circcyclringcircle圆，环circulara.圆，循环circuitn.环行；电路encirclev.围绕，包围bicyclen.自行车第48页Now,readTextAcarefully,locatethewordsinthetextthatcontainoneoftheabove-mentionedroots,andtellthemeaningofeachword.1.alter_______________(Para.1,Line4)2.volv_______________(Para.3,Line4)alternativeinvolved第49页3.loc_______________(Para.3,Line6)4.circ_______________(Para.5,Line9)allocatedcirculate第50页Besides,completethesentenceswiththewordsyouhavejustfoundoutfromTextAandchangetheformwhennecessary.5.Pleaseopenawindowtoallowtheairto________________.6.Asystemusedto________________ascarcecommodity,suchasfood,onlytothosecapableofderivingthegreatestbenefitfromit.circulateallocate第51页7.Paintingtheroom________________movingoutthepiano.8.Caughtintheact,hehadno________________buttoconfess.involvedalternative第52页ComprehensiveReadingTenCharactersYou’llMeetataBusinessMeetingEveryoneparticipatesinmeetingsoristhehostofameeting.Manyareproductiveandothersareacompletewasteoftime.Therearetencharactersyou’llmeetinbusinessmeetings.TextB译文参加商务会议十种人1每个人都参加会议，或是与会者，或是会议主持人。很多会议是有结果，不过也有一些完全是浪费时间。在商务会议中，你会碰到以下十种人。第53页Monopolizer2TheMonopolizerthinksheorsheistheonlyonewithwisdomonvarioussubjectsatthebusinessmeeting.TheMonopolizerbelieveseveryoneelseistheretohearhimorherspeak.Theydon’tappreciatebusinessmeetingsthatofferanopportunitytohearfrommany.译文独断专行人2独断专行人认为，在商务会议上，他/她是唯一对各种事情都很有看法人。他认为其它与会人员都是来听他/她讲话。这么人不把商务会议看成是听取多方意见好机会。第54页TangentTalker3TheTangentTalkerhijacksthetopicofthegroupbytakingdiscussionsoffontangenttopicsunrelatedtotheissueathand.Oneminuteyou’reontopicandthenextminuteyou’rein“leftfield”asyouragendatopichasbeentakenonatangent.译文扯开话题人3喜欢扯开话题人随意将与会人员商讨话题扯到毫无相干地方去。这一刻你可能还在讨论某个话题，下一刻话题就被扯到与议程不相干地方去了。第55页Devil’sAdvocate4Thispersonseemstorelishtakingtheoppositetack.Whatevertheargumentbeingputforth,thispersondelightsintakinganoppositeview.译文唱反调人4唱反调人似乎最喜欢跟他人对着干。不论讨论什么话题，这么人总喜欢唱反调第56页Cynic5Theultimatenaysayer,theCynichasaMaster’sdegreeinnegativity.Adroitatusingthephrases,“itwon’twork”,“can’tbedone”,and“they’llneverbuyit.”Theyareskilledatdeflatinganddefeating.译文愤世嫉俗人5愤世嫉俗者最擅长提出否定意见。他常挂在嘴边话就是“这么不行”，“做不到”，“他们决不会买”。他们最能贬低、打击他人。第57页FenceSitter6Knownfortheirparalysisbyanalysis,FenceSittersareunabletomakedecisions.Despitebeinginadeliberativebody,theyareconflictedbymultiplearguments,andcan’t“pullthetrigger”whenit’stimetomakeadecisioninabusinessmeeting.译文骑墙派6骑墙者不能很好地分析问题，所以也不能做出决定。尽管他们本身比较审慎，不过在商务会议上，他们本应对有争议话题做出决定时，却总不能当机立断。第58页Pandora’sBoxOpener7ThePandora’sBoxOpenersleadtheentiremeetingintoareasthatprovokefrustration,animosities,andoftenresentmenttoo.Oncethisboxisopened,it’shardtogettheissuesbackintothebox.Discussionsofsalaries,promotionsorpersonalstylesoftenstirupissuesthathijackmeetings.Evenworse,someculpritsreopenissuesfromearlierinthebusinessmeetingthathavealreadybeenresolved.译文制造麻烦人7制造麻烦人将整个会议带到让人感觉沮丧、敌对或产生愤恨地步。不该提及话题一旦被提出，就极难再收回。关于薪金、晋升机会或个人格调等话题总会扰乱议会议议题。更糟糕是，一些好事者还要再提及那些在早期商务会议上已经处理事情。第59页BrownNoser8Thisemployeeisseenbyotheremployeestobeinthepocketofthepersontowhomthey’recow-towing.Ultimatelytheyareseenforwhotheyareandbecomepredictableandnottrusted.译文阿谀奉承人8在他人眼里，阿谀奉承员工被他们奉承人玩于股掌之间。最终这么人会被他人看清，变得不再可信。第60页Attacker9TheAttackerdeftlymixesnegativitywithpersonalattacks,challengingothers’ideaswithvigor.Withoutregardtohurtingothers’feelings,theAttackerusesaconfrontationalstyletoobjecttoothers’ideasandgoagainsttheflow.Sadly,sometimestheydon’tevenrealizethey’reattacking.译文喜欢攻击人9喜欢攻击人老练地把反对意见和个人攻击混为一谈，盛气凌人地挑战他人观点。这么人不会顾及是否会伤害他人情感，他们用一个反抗方式反对他人意见或扰乱会议程序。更悲伤是，他们有时根本没有意识到他们是在攻击他人。第61页Joker10Don’tlettheJoker’sgoodnaturefoolyou,Jokerscanbemeetingmonsters.Theirconstantjokinghastheeffectofdiminishingothers’seriousideasorsuggestions.Theirinfusionofhumorcanbelittleothers’motionsandmakesitdifficultforsometobetakenseriously.译文喜欢玩笑人10不要让喜欢玩笑人好脾气愚弄了你，因为他们可能是搅乱会议人。不停玩笑使得他人严厉观点和意见显得并不主要。他们幽默会降低他人动议价值，甚至动议也不能严厉地得以实施。第62页Robots11Meetingrobotsareactuallycellphones,pagers,personaldigitalassistants(PDAs),andlaptopcomputers.Eachdistractstheirownerandothers,too,astheyintrudeuponparticipants’attentionspansduringbusinessmeetings.译文会议机器11会议机器实际就是电话、传呼机、个人数字助理和手提电脑之类东西。每一样会议机器都会干扰他们主人和其它人，因为这些机器很使参加商务会议人分散注意力。第63页LanguagePoints1TheMonopolizerthinksheorsheistheonlyonewithwisdomonvarioussubjectsatthebusinessmeeting.monopolizern.peoplewhohaveandcontrolsomethingorsomebodyfullyandexclusively2Theydon’tappreciatebusinessmeetingsthatofferanopportunitytohearfrommany.appreciatev.recognizewithgratitude;begratefulfor观赏，领会；感激，感激e.g.Weallappreciateaholidayafterayearofhardworking.经过一年辛劳工作之后，大家都能领会假期乐趣。e.g.Weappreciateyourhelpingus.我们感激你们帮助。TextB第64页LanguagePointsTheTangentTalkerhijacksthetopicofthegroupbytakingdiscussionsoffontangenttopicsunrelatedtotheissueathand.tangentastraightlineorplanethattouchesacurveorcurvedsurfaceatapointbutdoesnotintersectitatthatpointn.切线，正切a.接触，相切go/flyoffat/onatangent突然改变方针；突然改变话题；突然扯到题外；突然离开原来思绪TextB第65页LanguagePoints4Devil'sAdvocatedeviln.(Judeo-ChristianandIslamicreligions)chiefspiritofevilandadversaryofGod;tempterofmankind;masterofHell恶魔，魔鬼advocaten.v.apersonwhopleadsforacauseorpropoundsanidea提倡者，拥护者e.g.Idon'treallybelieveincapitalpunishment,I'mjustplayingthedevil'sadvocate.我并非真正主张应该有死刑，只是有意唱唱反调罢了。e.g.Thisjudgeisastrongadvocateofprisonreform.这位法官是监狱改革果断拥护者。e.g.Headvocatesreducingmilitaryspending.他主张削减军费开支。TextB第66页LanguagePoints5Cynicn.someonewhoiscriticalofthemotivesofothers愤世嫉俗者e.g.Acynicisamanwhoknowsthepriceofeverythingandthevalueofnothing.玩世不恭者，是只知一切事物价钱而不知其价值人。e.g.Robertsisarealcynic;hewon'tacceptanythingoranyoneonfacevalue.罗伯特实在是一个玩世不恭人；他不会对任何事或任何人信认为真。6．FenceSittern.apersonwhowon’ttakesidesinacontroversy骑墙派TextB第67页LanguagePoints7.Knownfortheirparalysisbyanalysis,FenceSittersareunabletomakedecisions.paralysisn.lossoftheabilitytomoveabodypart瘫痪e.g.Thediseaseresultsincreepingparalysis.这种病可发展成脊髓痨。e.g.Completeparalysisofthelowerhalfofthebodyincludingbothlegs,wasusuallycausedbydamagetothespinalcord.脊髓受伤经常引发包含双腿在内下身麻痹。TextB第68页LanguagePoints8．Pandora’sBoxOpenerPandoran.(Greekmythology)thefirstwoman,createdbyHephaestusonordersfromZeuswhopresentedhertoEpimetheusalongwithaboxfilledwithevils.Pandora’sBoxItistheboxthatZeusgavetoPandora.Whensheopenedtheboxwithcuriosity,Allthemiseriesandevilsflewouttheafflictmankind.TextB第69页LanguagePoints9．Evenworse,someculpritsreopenissuesfromearlierinthebusinessmeetingthathavealreadybeenresolved.culpritn.someonewhoperpetrateswrongdoing犯人，罪犯e.g.Theculpritwillbewhippedwhenheisfound.那个罪犯找到后就要挨鞭子抽打。e.g.Thepolicearenowonthescentoftheculprit.警方已取得罪犯线索。TextB第70页LanguagePoints10．BrownNosern.Apersonwhoactsfavorablytohisorherpeerstogainstasisorfancythatwilleventuallybeusedtotheiradvantage,suchasaraise,promotion,oracceptanceinagroup.Usuallybrownnoserswilldoanythingtogaintheapprovaloftheirpersonofchoice.Thesepeoplecanalsobedescribedaslosersbecausetheycan’tworkforwhattheywant.Anothertwowordsforthispersonareashoeshineroraneyelicker.阿谀奉承人TextB第71页LanguagePoints11．Jokerscanbemeetingmonsters.Monstern.apersonoranimalthatismarkedlyunusualordeformed怪物，恶人e.g.Hewaspossessedwithamonster.他被一个怪物缠上了。e.g.Thismachineisarealmonster.这台机器真是个庞然大物。12．Eachdistractstheirownerandothers,too,astheyintrudeuponparticipants’attentionspansduringbusinessmeetings.spann.thecompletedurationofsomething跨度，范围e.g.Modernmedicinehasincreasedman’slifespan.当代医学延长了人寿命。e.g.Canyouspananoctaveonthepiano?你能按到钢琴八个键吗？TextB第72页

Matchthewordsontheleftwiththeexplanationsontheright.Task5ColumnAColumnB1.culpritA.afeelingofillwillarousingactivehostility2.deliberativeB.skillful(orshowingskill)inadaptingmeanstoends3.animosityC.someonewhoperpetrateswrongdoing4.adroitatD.flatterer,bootlicker,ass-kisser5.deflatingE.involvedinorcharacterizedbydeliberationanddiscussionandexamination6.BrownNoserF.releasecontainedairorgasfrom第73页C2.E3.A4.B5.F6.D第74页InTextB,we’velearnedabouthowtogettoknowsomecharactersinameeting,suchastheMonopolizer,theTangentTalker,theDevil’sAdvocateandsoon.TranslatethefollowingsentencesunderlinedinthetextintoChineseandinferthewriter’sattitudetowardsseveralofthesecharactersatameeting.Task6第75页ComprehensiveReading1.TheMonopolizerthinksheorsheistheonlyonewithwisdomonvarioussubjectsatthebusinessmeeting.TheMonopolizerbelieveseveryoneelseistheretohearhimorherspeak.Theydon’tappreciatebusinessmeetingsthatofferanopportunitytohearfrommany.答案独断专行人认为，在商务会议上，他/她是唯一对各种事情都很有看法人。他认为其它与会人员都是来听他/她讲话。他们不把商务会议当成是听取多方意见好机会。第76页ComprehensiveReading2.TheTangentTalkerhijacksthetopicofthegroupbytakingdiscussionsoffontangentstopicsunrelatedtotheissueathand.Oneminuteyou’reontopicandthenextminuteyou’rein“leftfield”asyouragendatopichasbeentakenonatangent.答案

喜欢扯开话题人随意将与会人员商讨话题扯到毫无相干地方去。这一刻可能还在讨论一个话题，等一下话题就被扯到跟会议议程不相干地方去了。第77页ComprehensiveReading3.Knownfortheirparalysisbyanalysis,FenceSittersareunabletomakedecisions.Despitebeinginadeliberativebody,theyareconflictedbymultiplearguments,andcan’t“pullthetrigger”whenit’stimetomakeadecisioninabusinessmeeting.答案

骑墙者不能很好地分析问题，所以也不能做出决定。尽管他们本身比较审慎，不过在商务会议上，他们本应对有争议话题做出决定时，却总不能当机立断。第78页Task7

WordFormationLearning—Root(14)ThefollowingrootscanbefoundinTextB.RootsMeaningExamplespartportparttodivide部分；分开partiala.部分；有偏见partakev.参加，分享po