山东省菏泽市23校联考新高考仿真卷英语试卷及答案解析

山东省菏泽市23校联考新高考仿真卷英语试卷注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Mariaisconstantlymakingefforts,shedeservesthegoalofenteringthekeyuniversity.A．achieving B．toachieve C．beingachieved D．tobeachieve2．TwoprofessorsatHarvardUniversitypublishedastudyof3,300newgraduates,lookingat________theirnameshadanybearingontheiracademicperformance.A．that B．how C．why D．whether3．Differentculturalfeaturesofethnicgroupsare________oneanotherandworkoutamelody．A．intunewith B．inparallelwithC．incontrastto D．inresponseto4．TheearthquakeinJapan,measuring9.0ontheRichterScale,wassoviolent_______causeaseriesofexplosionsofthenuclearreactorsinseveralpowerstations.A．to B．that C．asto D．asthat5．Decadesago,scientistsbelievedthathowthebraindevelopswhenyouareakid______determinesyourbrainstructurefortherestofyourlife.A．soonerorlater B．moreorless C．toandfrom D．upanddown6．_____tomanagetimewisely,andyoucanmakethemostoutofeachday.A．LearningB．TolearnC．LearnedD．Learn7．ThisJanuarywillbeverypreciousforusbywhichtimewe________reviewingSeniorBookI.A．willfinish B．willhavefinishedC．havefinished D．willbefinished8．We______becarefulwiththewordswesaywhenweareangry.A．may B．can C．might D．should9．Sherunsonaverageabout15milesadayeveryday,______thecircumstances.A．whatever B．wherever C．whichever D．however10．-Areyoureadyforthehistorytesttomorrow?-No,IwishI_____theclockback.A．hadturned B．couldturnC．willturn D．wouldhaveturned11．Ihaveoftenthoughtitwouldbeablessingifeachhumanbeing_______blindanddeafforafewdaysatsometimeinhislife.A．hasbeenstricken B．werestrickenC．hadbeen D．wouldbe12．________individualplayers,wehaveagreatteambuttheproblemisthattheydon’tplayfootballtogetherwellatall.A．OntopofB．BymeansofC．IntermsofD．Incaseof13．语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。1.anything A．many B．magazine C．manage D．match2.achieved A．practiced B．marked C．operated D．damaged3.dealt A.deal B．great C．meant D．leader4.seize A．either B.receive C.eight D.height5.youth A．thus B．breakthrough C．gather D．although14．—Congratulations！Ihearyou’vewonthefirstprizeinthesingingcompetition．—You_____bemistaken．I’minthedanceclass．A．must B．may C．should D．could15．Richardsaveduphismoney______hemightgoabroadforhissummerholiday.A．incaseB．nowthatC．asifD．sothat16．helawisequallyappliedtoeveryone.Noone_______beaboveit.A．shall B．mustC．may D．need17．Thelittleboystaredatthestrangemanquestioningly,not________whethertobelievewhathehadsaid.A．toknow B．knowingC．known D．havingknown18．Throughouthistory,Chinanevercolonizedanynation._________thispeacefultradition,itiscommittedtobuildingacommunitywithasharedfutureformankind.A．InlinewithB．InregardtoC．InharmonywithD．Inadditionto19．____anyonephoneduringtheboardmeeting,pleasetellthemIambusy.A．Should B．Will C．May D．Can20．Takingdrugshasbecomepartofeverysport_________athletesseektoachievebeyondtheirnaturallimits.A．which B．that C．who D．where第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Haveyoueverspentanafternooninthebackyard，maybegrillingorenjoyingabasketballgame,whensuddenlyyounoticethateverythinggoesquiet?Thereisanoldphrase“calmbeforethestorm",oftenusedinasituation—aquietperiodjustbeforeagreatactivityor.excitement.Accordingtoourownexperience,weknowthereisactuallycalmbeforethestorm.Butwhatcausesthiscalm?Andisitalwayscalmbeforethestorm?Let'shearwhatscientistshavetosay..Aperiodofcalmhappensinaparticularkindofstorm,thesimplestkindofstorm—asingle-cellthunderstorm.Inthistypeofthunderstorm,thereisusuallyonlyonemainupdraft,whichiswarm,dampairanddrawnfromplacesneartheground.Stormsneedwarmanddampairasfuel,sotheytypicallydrawthatairinfromsurroundingenvironment.Stormscandrawintheairthatfittheirneedfromalldirections—evenfromthedirectioninwhichthestormistraveling.Asthewarm,dampairispulledintoastormsystem,itleavesalow-pressurevacuum（真空）comingafter.Therisingairmeetsthecolddryairthathasalreadyexistedinthestormclouds,thusthetemperatureofthewarm,dampairdrops,andthewatervapour（水蒸汽）initchangesintotinydropsthatareapreconditionofrain.Thesedropsaccumulateandbuildonlargerparticleslikedust,untiltheygrowlargeenoughtoformraindrops.Thiswarm,dampairkeepsmovingupwards,butitbecomescooleranddrierduringitstripthroughcloud.Whenitreachesthetopofthecloud,theairgetsspitout（被挤出）atthetop.Thisairissentrollingoutoverthebigthunderclouds.Fromthere,theairgoesdown.Warmanddryairisrelativelystable,andonceitcoversaregion,thatair,inturn,causesthecalmbeforeastorm.Mostthunderstorms,though,don'tstartwithcalm.That'sbecausemostareactuallygroupsofstormswithcomplexwindpatterns.There'ssomuchairmovingupanddownstormgroupsthatthecalmbeforethestormneverhappens.Instead,beforethestorm,让mightbereallywindy!1、Whichbestfitsthedescriptionofaparticularkindofstorm?A．Athunderstormwithasingleshape.B．Athunderstormwithoutstrongwinds.C．Astormwithairdrawnfromeverydirection.D．Astormfueledbymovingairfromtheground.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A．Coldanddryair. B．Warmanddryair.C．Coldanddampair. D．Warmanddampair.3、Whichdoesthewritermostlikelyagreeto?A．Presenceofthecalmreliesonstableair.B．Notallthunderstormsstartwiththecalm.C．Thedriertheairis,thebiggerthestormwillbe.D．Stormhappenswithoutairmovingupanddown.4、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Causesandeffectsofaheavystorm.B．Abriefdescriptionofapeacefulstorm.C．Apersonalexperienceofaheavystorm.D．Anexplanationofthecalmbeforeastorm.22．（8分）ItwasrushhouronthemorningofJune1intheWestTexascityofSanAngelo.HeatherSantellano,36,wasdrivingherwhite2012MazdaonHouston、HarteFrontageRoadwithhernine-year-olddaughterandten-year-oldsonintheback.Suddenly,aredpickuptruckcutthemoff.Santellanoturnedthewheelhardtotheright,sendingtheMazdaskiddingofftheroadanddownanembankment(堤)thatendedinadrop-offafterabout50feet.Ifthecardidn'tstop,itwouldgoairborneandplungeontotheroadsome20feetbelow.Thenabitofluck:Asthecarracedtowardtheedge,itsundercarriagegotstuckonthecementlipoftheembankmentledge,stoppingitcold.Theoccupants,however,werefarfromsafe.Thecarhadcometorestontopofaretainingwall,literallyteetering(摇摇欲坠)ontheedgeofdisaster.Onesuddenmovebyanyoneinsidecouldsenditover.JacobRodriguezwatchedthesceneunfoldfromthe'T'ruckRepairPlantwhereheworks.Thenheandfourothermenrantothecar.Theyleapedontothetrunktobalancetheweightastheterrifiedkidsinthebackseatwatched.Meanwhile,JulioVasquezandhisnephew,MarcoVasquez,weredrivingtotheirjabsatnearbyPremierAutomotive.JuliojumpedoutofthecartohelpwhileMarcowenttotheshop,grabbedaheavy-dutystrap(皮带)，andreturnedtotheswingingcar.HefastenedtheMazdatoanP-350truckthathadbeendrivenoverbyoneoftheotherrescuers.Withthecarsecured,thegroupcarefullyopenedthebackdoorsandhelpedthechildrenout.Buttheirdepartureshiftedthecar'sweight,causingittoleanforward.Themen,stillon-thetrunk,askedSantellanotojumpintothebackseattorebalancetheweight.Shedidandtheninchedoutthebackdoor.Finally,themencarefullygotoffthetrunk.Everyonewassafe.1、WhatdoweknowaboutHeatherSantellano?A．Shewasacarelessdriver. B．Shedrovehertwinstoschool.C．Sheranintoapickuptruck. D．Shemadeasharpturntoavoidthetruck.2、Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A．Stressthecomingofgoodfortune. B．Describethecar'sdangeroussituation.C．Addsomebackgroundinformation. D．Explainwhypeoplecametotherescue.3、Whatisthemostcriticalintherescueprocess?A．Balance. B．Cooperation.C．Calmness. D．Gravity.4、Whichofthefollowingstatementsisconsistentwiththethemeofthepassage?A．Persistencewillpayoff.. B．Oneintrouble,alltohelp.、C．Manyhandsmakelightwork. D．Lovemakestheworldgoround.23．（8分）Ourmotherearthisgoingthroughaverytoughsituationandwe,theentirehumanrace,aredestroyingourenvironmentorunconsciouslywithoutevenrealizingitsconsequences.Nowwehavetoactverysmartlyandplansomethingtosustainwhatwestillhave,gettingallnecessarysupportfromnaturetoleadhealthylives.Gardeningisalwaysanexcellentandenvironmentallyfriendlyidea.Ifyoucangoforsustainablegardening,thenitwillbeevenmoreusefulforall.Gardeningisafavoritehobbyformany.Itistimetochannelizeyourhobbytowardsamoremeaningfulmotivation.Whenwedogardeningweneedtousedifferentingredients(材料)togrowplants.Someofthemarenaturalresourceslikewater,soil,sunshine,andmanythingslikethis.Usingtheseresourcessmartlyisapartofsustainablegardening.Somesimpletechniquesinclude:uselesswaterandorganicthingstogrowplants;trytostorerainwatersothatyoucanusethemforgardening;tryusinglessenergytodrivedevices;avoidusingplasticsinanyformwhilegardening;reusetheleavesfromyourgardentofertilizethem.Thesearethebasicsustainablemeasures.Todosoweneedtohaveproperknowledgeaboutgardeninganditsrequirementssothatwecanuseproperresourceswithoutwastinganyofthem.Intoday’sbusylifewedon’tgetmuchtimetospendonourenvironment.Gardeninggivesusachancetodoso.Wecanalsohavesomepesticide-free(无农药的)andfreshfoodifwegrowtheminourgarden.Thisistherighttimetodosomegoodtoprotectourownenvironmentandgardeningisoneoftheeasiestways.Doyouwanttostartgardening,butyou’renotsurehow?Clickhere:http://www.gardenhowto.com.1、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“channelize”inParagraph2referto?A．Cause. B．Transform.C．Direct. D．Associate.2、Whichofthefollowingbelongstoasustainablemeasure?A．Usingadvancedelectricalmachines.B．Avoidingfertilizers.C．Wateringplantswithcollectedrainwater.D．Clearingawaytheleaves.3、Whatisthebenefitofsustainablegardening?A．Itrequireslittlewater. B．Itneedsnofertilizer.C．Itbreaksupplastics. D．Itdoesn'twasteanyresource.4、Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Anewspaper. B．TheInternet.C．Aguidebook. D．Asciencereport.24．（8分）Forsomepeople,walkingorrunningoutdoorsisagreatwaytoworkout.Whatmaynotbesopleasantisseeingtrashallovertheground.Well,somepeoplearedoingsomethingaboutit.Theyareplogging!“Plogging”beganinSweden.ThenamecombinestheSwedishword“plocka,”whichmeanstopickup,andthewordJogging,whichmeanstorunslowly.ASwedishmannamedErik,startedthemovementin2016.OntheWorldEnvironmentDaywebsite,EriksaysthathemovedtoStockholmfromasmallcommunityinnorthernSwedeneachdayhewouldridehisbiketowork.Concernedabouttheamountoftrashandlitterhesaweachdayonhiswaytowork,hetookmattersintohisownhands.Plogging,bythatterm,mayhaveofficiallybeguninSweden.Butmanypeoplewhoexerciseoutdoorshavebeendoingthisforyears.TakeJeffHorowitzforexample.HeisapersonaltrainerinWashington,D．C．Heoftenpicksuptrashwhilerunningoutside.Heevenhasturneditintoagame;hewilltrytopickupthetrashwithoutstopping.“Ididn’tknowitwasathingreally.Thisisjustmypersonalethics(道德标准),whereIgoforarunandifIhappentoseeapieceofgarbagelyingaroundandit’swithinreach—itisakindofalittletestformetoseeifIcangrabitandthrowitinaneartrashcanwithoutstopping.Andthatway,Ithink,itgivesmealittleexerciseandalittlefocusformyrun.Andithelpscleanuptheneighborhood,”heannounced.Today,loggingisanofficialactivity,onethatisbecomingincreasinglypopular.Citiesaroundtheworldnowholdloggingevents,“Iwouldjusthopepeoplewouldthinktwicebeforedroppingagarbageontheground.Wehavecontainers...seemsoneveryblock.So,it’seasytoputyourgarbageinthetrashcans.Ijustthinkpeopleshouldthinkaboutitalittlebitmore.Idohopeonedaytherewillnotbeaneedforplogging.”saidaninterviewee.1、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“tookmattersintohisownhands”?A．calledonpeopletojoinhim. B．appealedtopeopletogogreen.C．begantopickupthetrash. D．hadthecollectedtrashrecycled.2、LikeJeffHorowitz,loggingtomanypeoplehasbecomea(an)________act.A．automatic B．irresistible C．arbitrary D．temporary3、WhatistheideathatLoggingeventsaremeanttopromote?A．Joggingistrulybeneficial. B．Trashcansshouldbewithinreach.C．Litteringisnotacceptable. D．Communitiesshouldbekeptclean.4、Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．NewExerciseEnjoysunbelievablepopularityB．NewExerciseTrendAlsoHelpsEnvironmentC．Plogging—aFashionableWaytoclearwasteD．Plogging—anExerciseOriginatinginSweden25．（10分）Whatdoyoudoifyournationhasaseverewatershortageandhappenstobelocatedinadesert?Ifyouhavetheresources,youturntotechnology,whichiswhatacompanyintheoil-richUnitedArabEmirates(阿联酋)(UAEforshort)isplanningtodo.Thecountry,whichgetslessthanfourinchesofrainperyear,couldsolveitsissuewithwatershortagebydraggingicebergsfromAntarcticatoitsshores.Thefirstsuchattemptwillbeginin2018.OncetheicebergisatUAEshores,theiceabovethewaterlinewouldbecutoffandcrushedintodrinkingwater,whichwouldthenbestoredinlargewatertanks.Theicebergwouldalsohaveabroaderimpact,saysAbdullahMohammadSulaimanAlShehi:“ColdairoutfromanicebergclosetotheshoreoftheArabianSeawouldcauserainstormsacrosstheArabianGulfandthesouthernregionoftheArabianPeninsulaallyearround.Astherisingairexpands,coolsandcondenses(冷凝)duetothedecreaseinairpressure,watervapor(水蒸气)iscollectedintheclouds,whichbecomesheavyandfallsasrain.”Moreicebergswillbringmorewatervaporandclouds,creatingaprofound(巨大的)effectontheregionalclimateoveradecade,turningthedesertinto“greenmeadows(草地)”.ThemeltingicebergwouldalsoaddfreshwatertotheArabiansea,returningbiodiversity.Therewouldalsobeaboost(兴旺)fortourismfromallthepeopleinterestedinlookingattheicebergs.TheEmiratesIcebergProjectcomesfromagroupofeffortsbyNABLcalled“FillingtheEmptyQuarter”.Theprojectaimstodramaticallyinfluencethedesertsofthe“EmptyQuarter”,theplanet’slargestsanddesert.Theregionisalsotherichestoil-producingareaintheworld,includingpartsofSaudiArabia,Oman,UAEandYemen.1、WhatistheUAEplanningtodoaccordingtothetext?A．TocollectfreshseawaterfromAntarctica.B．TodragicebergsfromAntarcticatothecountry.C．TomakeicebergsfromAntarcticamelt.D．Toget20billiongallonsoffreshwaterfromicebergs.2、WhatAlShehisaidreflectstheeffectoficebergson_______.A．theweatherB．theindustryC．thebiodiversityD．thetourism3、Accordingtothetext,thedesertsofthe“EmptyQuarter”are______.A．turningintogreenmeadowsB．theresourceofsaltintheArabianseaC．theemptyareawithoutpopulationD．abundantinoilasamatteroffact4、Accordingtothetext,icebergstobedraggedtoUAE’shoreswill_________.A．bringwatervaporandsandB．addsaltwatertotheArabianseaC．become“greenmeadows”D．attractpeopleinterestedinlookingattheicebergs第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）MyfamilyandInevertalkedaboutschoolasthetickettoafuture.Iwasintheclassrooms,butIwasn’ttheretolearntowrite,readoreven1.Whenitwasmyturntoread,Iwantedto2.Iwas13yearsold,3IalreadyhatedbeingwhoIwas.Ihada(n)4teacher,Mr.Creech,whoknewIcouldn’tread.Inoneofmyfirstlessonstheteachersaidthatanyonewhohadareadingage5sixhadtostandup.Ifeltso6.Butatthesametime,itmademerealizethatIneededtochangethesituation.Iwasdetermineditwouldn’t7again.Laterthatday,Mr.Creechencouragedmeandpromisedhewouldtryhisbesttohelpmelearntoread.Fromthenon,I8gaveuppracticingreading.NowIwas41yearsold.Oneday,Iplannedto9backtoTexastovisitmyfriendsandfamily.Onmywayfromtheairport,IsawMr.Creech10himselfadrink.Irushedoverandreachedintomy11topayforhim.“DoIknowyou?”heasked.“Yes,sir,youdoknowme,”Ianswered12.“MynameisAnthonyHamilton.YoutaughtmeEnglish.”Thelookonhisfacetoldmethatherememberedthe13he’donceencouraged.“I’mso14Ihadachancetoseeyou,”Isaid.“AndMr.Creech,Ihavegreat15toshare.”ItoldhimIhadlearnedtoread.Butthatwasn’tall.Ihadbecomeapublished16andanactivespeaker.“The17timeyougetanotherAnthonyHamiltoninyour18,pleaseencouragehimtoreadaswell,"Iadded.Theexpertssaywhatonce19mehasaname:dyslexia(诵读困难症).ButIcantellyouitwasalackof20foreducation.1、A．danceB．paintC．speakD．act2、A．jumpB．hideC．sleepD．succeed3、A．butB．orC．thereforeD．still4、A．ChineseB．historyC．geographyD．English5、A．aboveB．attheendofC．belowD．atthebeginningof6、A．embarrassedB．desperateC．unwiseD．happy7、A．pickupB．workC．comebackD．happen8、A．alwaysB．everC．neverD．hardly9、A．driveB．flyC．walkD．ride10、A．buyingB．makingC．fetchingD．sending11、A．pocketB．carC．clothesD．arms12、A．shylyB．proudlyC．excitedlyD．angrily13、A．girlB．manC．womanD．boy14、A．upsetB．gladC．regretfulD．grateful15、A．newsB．jobsC．chancesD．ideas16、A．authorB．assistantC．teacherD．doctor17、A．firstB．lastC．nextD．every18、A．companyB．factoryC．houseD．classroom19、A．hurtB．worriedC．hitD．confused20、A．excuseB．abilityC．desireD．help第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）IhappenedtobewalkingalongthecitystreetwhenIsetmysightonabakery,whereamanwithatallhatismaking1．cake,soIstopped2．(watch)howitwasmade.Afterwatchingitforseveraltimesforthenextfew3．(day),Idecidedtomakeonemyself.WitheverythingIneeded4．(prepare),Ibegantocarryoutthewholeprocess5．thehelpoftheinstructionbookwithout6．(interrupt).Afterthreetimesoffailure,Ifinallymadeitandcouldn’tbemore7．(excite).Fromthisexperience,8．Ihavelearntisthataslongasyoutry,Godwillalwaysbeonyourside;onthecontrary,ifyoujustdothingshalfway,only9．(leave)therestunfinished,theregretswill10．(definite)comeafteryou.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearJack,I’msorrytohearthatyoufeellonelyinthenewschool,becauseyoufindhardtomakefriends、Now,I’dliketoofferyouanyadvice、Firstly,it’snormalforyoutofeellonelybecauseyouwerelivinginanewenvironment、Secondly,youshouldgreetyourclassmateswhenme